You are on page 1of 52

GPRS/ EDGE

Southern Methodist University


EETS 8315 / TC752-N
Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications
Spring 2005
http://engr.smu.edu/eets/8315

Lecture 6: GPRS/ EDGE


Instructor: Dr. Hossam Hmimy, Ericsson Inc.
hossam.hmimy@engr.smu.edu
(972) 583-0155
2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 1

GPRS/ EDGE

Announcement

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 2

GPRS/ EDGE

Course Outline
Lecture 1

1/24 Introduction & overview

Lecture 2
Lecture 3

1/31 IMT2000
2/1 Traffic & simulation

Lecture 4

2/7

Lecture 5
Lecture 6

2/21 CSD, SMS, MMS


2/28 GPRS EDGE :RN/CN, (Abstract Due)

Lecture 7

3/7

Lecture 8

3/14 Exam
3/21 UMTS (WCDMA) RN & CN

Lecture 9

Mobile IP, CDPD

UMTS

Lecture 10 3/28 WCDMA Design

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 3

GPRS/ EDGE

Outline

Introduction
GPRS Reference Model
GPRS Core Network
Protocol stack
Air Interface ( logical/physical channels)
Network operating Modes and paging
Terminal Classes
UL/DL data transfer
Mobility Management
EDGE air interface

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 4

GPRS/ EDGE

GPRS Reference Model


SMSC
MSC/VLR
Gs
MS

Gb

BSC

RBS

Gr
Gn

SGSN

Gp

SGSN
SS7 over T1
IP over ATM/
Ethernet /FR
FR over T1

GGSN

Gi

PDN
TE

Gc

Gn

2005 H. Hmimy

HLR

Gd

EIR

GGSN

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 5

GPRS/ EDGE

GPRS Interfaces
Interface Between Entities

Technology Physical

Gb

SGSN and BSC

FR

T1

Gd

SGSN and SMS

SS7

T1

Gi

GGSN and PDN

IP

fiber

Gn/Gp

GSNs within/inter- PLMN IP

Gr/Gc

SGSN/GGSN and HLR

SS7

Ethernet,
T1, fiber
T1

Gs

SGSN and MSC/VLR

SS7

T1

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 6

GPRS/ EDGE

GSM and GPRS Net


SMS-GMSC/ SMS-IWMSC

Gd
A
Gs
BTS

Gb
BSC

GPRS
Backbone

BGW

2005 H. Hmimy

Gn

MAP

AUC

MSC/
VLR

HLR

Gr

SGSN

SOG

Gn
Gi
GGSN

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

IP

Lecture 7, Slide 7

GPRS/ EDGE

GPRS Gore Network


New Packet Switched Core network
Nodes
SGSN
GGSN

IP mobility via ..

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 8

GPRS/ EDGE

GSN: GPRS Support Nodes


SGSN

(Server and Router)


Routing built in routers (dynamic and static)
Security (unlike GSM , ciphering is terminated at SGSN
Auth. Has VLR functionality, register attached users
Mobility management: routing area update, HO sessions
between BSCs, make sure packets are tunneled to correct
GGSN
Charging: Call detail records CDR), based on IP payload and
session duration.
SMS: supports interface to SMS-GMSC & SMS-IWMSC
Session management: negotiate QoS parameters with MS

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 9

GPRS/ EDGE

GSN: GPRS Support Nodes..


GGSN
Gateway
Has SGSN capabilities
Mobility management : make sure that packets are tunneled
to correct SGSN
Firewall
Border gateway (external nets) has radius client for external
authentication.

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 10

GPRS/ EDGE

Protocol Stack
Appl.
TCP
UDP
IP

IP relay

IP

TCP/
UDP
IP

GTP
TCP/
UDP
IP

L2

L2

L1

L1

SNDCP GTP

SNDCP

LLC

LLC relay

LLC

RLC
MAC

RLC BSSGP
MAC FR

BSSGP

PHY

PHY L1bis

L1bis

MS

BSS

FR

Gb
2005 H. Hmimy

GGSN

SGSN
Gn

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 11

GPRS/ EDGE

Protocol Stack for SMS and MM


Appl.
TCP
UDP
IP

SMS
L3MM

SMS L3MM

SNDCP

LLC MTP3

LLC

LLC relay

RLC
MAC

RLC BSSGP
MAC FR

BSSGP

PHY

PHY L1bis

L1bis MTP1

MS
2005 H. Hmimy

FR

BSS
Gb

MTP2

SGSN

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Gs Gd Gr
Lecture 7, Slide 12

GPRS/ EDGE

Protocols
SNDCP Subnet dependent convergence
protocol:

2005 H. Hmimy

Network layer protocol


MUX network layer users data into one logical message,
encryption,
Data compression V.42bis algorithm
TCP/IP header compression is supported.
segmentation of Network PDU into LLC frames,
interface between network layer and LLC
It supports IP, X.25 network layer protocols
Services PTP, PTM-M, PTM-G.

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 13

GPRS/ EDGE

Protocols
GTP : GPRS tunneling protocol
Data Link Control protocol on logical link level
In GSNs on the Gn interface.
Transported on TCP/UDP

BSSGP: BSS GPRS protocol,

2005 H. Hmimy

Data Link Control protocol on Radio link level


In SGSN on Gb interface
message format
procedures for transfer of paging and data ,
link management

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 14

GPRS/ EDGE

Protocols
LLC: Logical Link Control:

higher sublayer of data link control


reliable logical link between MS and SGSN
LLC frames are variable with temporary ID max 1600Bytes
TX ACK/NAK frames,
Error detection and ARQ of Frames
Logical link is valid within one SGSN

RLC Radio Link Control


Medium sublayer of data link control
Detect corrupt radio blocks and request selective ARQ

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 15

GPRS/ EDGE

Protocols
MAC: Medium Access Control
Lower sublayer of Data link control
Physical channel allocation
Channel sharing using modified Slotted Aloha with
reservation ( is MAC for UL or DL or both???)

Phy. Physical layer


CRC, Channel coding, interleaving
Modulation...

L2 on SGSN/GSN can be ethernet, ATM or ISDN

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 16

GPRS/ EDGE

PCU
Packet Control Unit
Mediator between MS (BSS) and SGSN
PDCHs are allocated to PCU
Assign channels to different MS
Responsible for RLC and MAC, BSSGP
Terminates the Gb interface

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 17

GPRS/ EDGE

GPRS Protocols
PH
228 Bits

User data

segment

Application/ Net

segment
SNDCP

MAC Header

FH

Payload
USF T PC RLC Header

RLC data

Info

segment

BCS

FH

data

FCS

LLC

segment

BCS

456bits
Encoding and puncture
114bits
Burst Burst Burst Burst

RLC/MAC

Physical

20 m sec

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 18

GPRS/ EDGE

GPRS Protocols
Packet flow

PH

SNDCP: subnet
dependent convergence
protocol
PH: Packet header
FH: Frame header
FCS: frame check
sequence
BCS: Block Check
sequence

User data

segment

Application/Net

segment
SNDCP

FH

Info

segment

FH

data

FSC

LLC

segment

BCS

456bits
Encoding and puncture
114bits
Burst Burst Burst Burst

RLC/MAC

Physical

20 m sec
2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 19

GPRS/ EDGE

GPRS .
Air interface
12 Radio blocks on a 52 multiframe over 240msec
Radio block is 20msec, 4 Frames
Number of Radio Blocks is 50 Blocks /sec
Frame length is 4.6 msec

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 20

GPRS/ EDGE

Radio Access (Air Interface) GSM


26 Multi-frame structure for TCH/FR
=3 Radio blocks x 4 frames + 1 Idle frame + 1 SACCH frame
26 Multi-frame TCH/FR
B5

B0

B0

B5

Radio Block
TS0

Frame

TS7

Idle
SACCH

Burst

57

Coded Data

26

57

T.Seq. S

Coded Data

3 8.25
T

GP

576.92 sec
2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 21

GPRS/ EDGE

Radio Access (Air Interface)


52 Multi-frame structure for PDCH
=12 Radio blocks x 4 frames + 2 Idle frames + 2 PTCCH frames

B12

B0

Radio Block
TS0

Frame

TS7

Idle
PTCCH

Burst

57

Coded Data

26

T.Seq. S

57
Coded Data

3 8.25
T

GP

576.92 sec
2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 22

GPRS/ EDGE

Radio Access (Air Interface)

Add
BCS

Add
USF

Add
T

Scheme Code rate USF Pre-coded


USF

Coding

Puncture

1/2

Radio BCS Tail Coded Punctured Data rate


bits
bits
Block
kb/s
excl. USF
and BCS

CS-1

1/2

181

40

456

9.05

CS-2

2/3

268

16

588

132

13.4

CS-3

3/4

312

16

676

220

15.6

CS-4

12

428

16

456

21.4

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

8kbps
12 kbps
14.4kbps
20kbps
Lecture 7, Slide 23

GPRS/ EDGE

Puncturing
Puncture 1
1001

Conv.
Coding

101 101 011 001


Puncture 2

Output 1 P1= 01 01 11 01
Output 2 P2= 10 10 01 00
2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 24

GPRS/ EDGE

CS-1

symbol = 1 bits

USF MAC H
3bits (5bits)

RLC H
(16 bits)

Pre-code
3

FBI+ data(20 octets=160bit) + spare (0)


(160 bits)
BCS TB
40
4

181 bits
Coding 1/2

P1
408

42

Total bits= 456= 456 symbol I.e. 114 symbols per PDCH
FBI:
final bit
indicator.
is in
the Communications
RLC header.
2005
H. Hmimy
SMU
EE 8315 AdvancedIt
Topics
in Wireless
- Spring05
Lecture 7, Slide 25

GPRS/ EDGE

CS-2

symbol = 1 bits

USF MAC H
3bits (5bits)

RLC H
(16 bits)

Pre-code
6

FBI+ data(30 octets=240bit) + spare (7)


(247 bits)
BCS TB
16
4

268 bits
Coding 1/2

12

42

P1
402

Total bits= 456= 456 symbol I.e. 114 symbols per PDCH
2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 26

GPRS/ EDGE

CS-3

symbol = 1 bits

USF MAC H
3bits (5bits)

RLC H
(16 bits)

Pre-code
6

FBI+ data(36 octets=288bit) + spare (3)


(291 bits)
BCS TB
16
4

312 bits
Coding 1/2

12

P1
402

42

Total bits= 456= 456 symbol I.e. 114 symbols per PDCH
2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 27

GPRS/ EDGE

CS-4

symbol = 1 bits

USF MAC H
3bits (5bits)

RLC H
(16 bits)

Pre-code
12

FBI+ data(50 octets=400bit) + spare (7)


(407 bits)
BCS TB
16
0

428 bits
No Coding

24

42

P1
408

Total bits= 456= 456 symbol I.e. 114 symbols per PDCH
2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 28

GPRS/ EDGE

Radio Access (Air Interface) GSM


GSM logical channel
CCCH
RACH
PCH
AGCH
DCCH
SACCH
FACCH
SDCCH
BCH
BCCH
FCCH
SCH
TCH
2005 H. Hmimy

UL
DL
DL

DL
DL
DL

common control
Random Access (requests)
Paging
Access grant ( info on dedic and time adv.
Dedicated Control
(DL system info, time adv., UL MAHO)
Info as SDCCH HO
stand alone signaling
Broadcast
system parameters
freq. correction
synch
Traffic

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 29

GPRS/ EDGE

Radio Access (Air Interface) GPRS


Packet data logical channel
PCCCH
PRACH
PPCH
PAGCH
PNCH
PDCCH
PACCH
PTCCH/U
PTCCH/D
PBCCH
PDTCH
2005 H. Hmimy

UL
DL
DL
DL

DL

common control
Random Access (requests)
Paging
Access grant ( prior to Pkt Tx)
Notify (PTM-M group of MS) Ph.2.
Dedicated Control
Associated (ACK, CS page, PC,.)
Time advance
Time advance
Broadcast ( may use BCCH)
Traffic

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 30

GPRS/ EDGE

Radio Access (Air Interface) GPRS


Mapping Logical Packet data channels into
Physical channel PDCH
PCCCH
PRACH
PPCH
PAGCH
PNCH
PDCCH
PACCH
PTCCH/U-D
PBCCH
PDTCH
2005 H. Hmimy

mapped on 52 multi-frame
UL
1 or more PDCH
DL
1 or more PDCH
DL
1 or more PDCH
DL
1 or more blocks on PCCCH

DL

Dyn. allocated block basis


2 defined frames
1 or more PDCH
1 PDCH. Up to 8 MS per PDCH

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 31

GPRS/ EDGE

PDCH Allocation
PDCH is a time slot (physical)
Dedicated PDCH
Allocated/ released by the operator
up to 8 PDCH can be allocated per cell

On-demand PDCH

Temporary Dynamically allocated/ released


no limit on number of PDCHs
Load supervision function handles the high load in the cell
SGSN allocated the PDCHs to the PCU.

The PCU assign the PDCH to the MS

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 32

GPRS/ EDGE

PDCH Allocation
PDCH are allocated for GPRS in sets (PSET)

Max 4 PDCH per PSET


must be consecutive
same carrier (RF) ( Hop on the same FH group of RF)
PDCHs in the same PSET can be dedicated and on-demand
MS can be assigned PDCH from same PSET

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 33

GPRS/ EDGE

PDCH Allocation ...


GPRS Idle List ( in the BSS)
It is a list of available recourses (PDCHs) to be used for PS
Dedicated : Idle list can not be used by GSM
On-Demand: Idle list can be shared by GSM

On-Demand
GPRS
Idle List

GSM
Idle List
2005 H. Hmimy

Dedicated
GPRS
Idle List

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 34

GPRS/ EDGE

PDCH Allocation ...

Check GSM
Idle List

GSM

CS calls (GSM)
Check
on-demand
Idle List

GPRS
GSM
Idle List

Pre-empty
PDCH
On-Demand
GPRS
Idle List

Any
TCH
Y

Any
PDCH
no active
TBF

Assign
TCH

Change
to TCH

2005 H. Hmimy

End call go to Idle list

check available channels in GSM Idle list

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 35

GPRS/ EDGE

PS calls (GPRS)
GPRS

Timer

Check GSM
Idle List

GSM

Block
2005 H. Hmimy

GPRS

Any
TCH

Check
GPRS
Idle list

Check GPRS
Allocated List

PDCH
low load
Y

Any
PDCH. Dedicated
first
Y

Dedicated
PDCH
N
on-demand

End call go to Idle list

PDCH Allocation ...

Assign
PDCH

Convert to PDCH

Y SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 36

GPRS/ EDGE

GPRS Modes
On demand

Dedicated

- Voice and data

- Data only

- Priority for voice

- No voice

- Same coverage as

- Guaranteed Throughput

GSM
- Mainly coverage

2005 H. Hmimy

- Capacity

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 37

GPRS/ EDGE

Master slave
MPDCH
2 options ( with MPDCH) and (No MPDCH =on demand)
Decided by operator: MPDCH can be added and removed on air

No MPDCH
Uses only BCCH, PCH, RACH, AGCH
MS specifies the service PS or CS

With MPDCH
MS listen to BCCH first to get info on the PBCCH, PPCH
uses PBCCH, PPCH, PACH
for Access CS uses ACH , PS uses PACH
2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 38

GPRS/ EDGE

Network Operation modes


3 Network operation modes
Based on the Gs interface
Mode
I

2005 H. Hmimy

CS

GPRS Coordination

PPCH PPCH
PCH
PCH
PDTCH
-

Yes

II

PCH

PCH

No

III

PCH
PCH

PPCH
PCH

No

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 39

GPRS/ EDGE

Network Operation modes ...


MSC/
VLR

BSC
SGSN

II
&
III

MSC/
VLR
BSC
SGSN

2005 H. Hmimy

combined LA and RA update


combined paging
longer sleep periods for MS
smaller paging load
MS is only paged within RA

separate LA and RA update


MS needs to listen to two types
of paging channels
MS is paged in Location Area

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 40

GPRS/ EDGE

Paging
For Network operation Mode I , MS class A,B
CS pages are sent from MSC to SGSN instead of directly to BSC
SGSN knows where the MS on
cell level when MS is on READY state.
RA level otherwise
SGSN sends the page to PCUs with cell or RA info
PCU sends the page on
PPCH or PCH
PACCH if the MS is in packet transfer mode

For Network operation Mode III, MS class A,B,C


CS pages are sent from MSC to BSC to MS on PCH
PS pages are sent from SGSN to PCU to MS on PPCH or PCH

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 41

GPRS/ EDGE

Packet transfer between MS and BSS

There is a physical connection established between the RLC of


MS and BSS only during Packet transfer called TBF.
There is one TBF for UL and one TBF for DL

Released if there is no RLC blocks for transmission.

MS will get an ID for the TBF (TFI) for each direction from the
PCU during attach procedure

Packet transfer can be ACKed or unACKed

Which protocol is responsible for the TBF??

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 42

GPRS/ EDGE

TBF

Appl.
TCP
UDP
IP

TBF is Logical connection between MS and PCU in the


BSS
It is carried over physical PDCH ( changes)+ DS0 on A
It is defined by the TFI
TFI changes if the MS changes BSC.

SNDCP

LLC relay

LLC
RLC
MAC

TBF

RLC BSSGP
MAC FR

PHY

PHY L1bis

MS

BSS

2005 H. Hmimy

Gb

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 43

GPRS/ EDGE

BSS to SGSN

SGSN is connected to each cell ( BTS) in the


BSS via a virtual connection.
The virtual connection is BSSGP VC (BVC)
and it has Id called BVCI
LCC frames is transferred between SGSN and
BSS (PCU) over the BVC
BVC (s) are carried over the physical FR PVCs
over DS0 on Gb.

BTS
BTS
BTS
2005 H. Hmimy

BVC
BSC
SGSN

IP relay
SNDCP GTP

LLC relay

LLC

RLC BSSGP
MAC FR

BSSGP

PHY L1bis

L1bis

BSS

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

FR

Gb

TCP/
UDP
IP
L2
L1

SGSN
Lecture 7, Slide 44

GPRS/ EDGE

MS and SGSN connection

Appl.

TCP
UDP

IP

The MS is attached to net by sending the IMSI and the


NSAPI ( net sever Access Point ID) to the SGSN.
SGSN authorize and authenticate the MS and Assign it
TLLI ( Temp LL ID)
The LLC Link is established and stays alive as long as
the MS is connected to the SGSN.

SAPI SNDCP

SNDCP GTP

LLC

LLC

LLC relay

LLC
RLC
MAC

TBF

RLC BSSGP
MAC FR

PHY

PHY L1bis

MS

BSS

2005 H. Hmimy

BVC

BSSGP

PVC

FR
L1bis

Gb

TCP/
UDP
IP
L2
L1

SGSN

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 45

GPRS/ EDGE

MS and SGSN connection ...

TLLI
Identify the MS on the LLC

Identify the service access ( IP services) on LLC

Appl.
TCP
UDP
IP

SAPI

DLCI ( generated from TLLI & SAPI)


Identify the LCC connection between MS and SGSN

NSAPI : Identify the Access provider on SNDCP

SAPI SNDCP

SNDCP GTP

LLC

RLC
MAC
PHY
MS

2005 H. Hmimy

LLC

LLC relay

LLC
TBF

RLC BSSGP
MAC FR

BVC

BSSGP

PVC

FR

PHY L1bis
BSS

Gb
SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

L1bis

TCP/
UDP
IP
L2
L1

SGSN

Lecture 7, Slide 46

GPRS/ EDGE

SGSN to GGSN connection

GTP
establishing tunnels on PDP activation. Each tunnel has ID (TID) made
of IMSI and NSAPI. I.e. unique tunnel between MS and ISP
PDP IMSI NSAPI SGSN
4.5.6.1
a.b.c 123 1

IMSI TLLI Cell NSAPI GGSN PDP


4.3.2.1 a.b.c
123 55 12 1

MS has IP address a.b.c


MS ID IMSI
LLC frames on LLC with
TLLI
Connected to NSAPI
IP Packets encapsulated in
GTP and sent to GGSN
4.3.2.1

IP

IP relay
TCP/
UDP
IP

GTP
TCP/
UDP
IP

L2

L2

L1

L1

SNDCP GTP

LLC
BSSGP

FR
L1bis

Received packets
from 4.5.6.1 is
decapsulated given
the inner IP a.b.c
that belongs to MS
IMSI

GGSN

2005 H. Hmimy

SGSN
Gn
SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

GPRS/ EDGE

Appl.

Packet transfer

TCP
UDP
IP
SNDCP
SAPI

RLC
MAC

TLL
I+N
SA
PI

MS

LLC

TBF
PD
CH

BTS
A

RLCBSSGP
MAC FR

TBF

DS
0

con
ne

BSS

MS

IP P
ack
et
ctio
n

BVC

TL

PV
C.
DS
0

D
GI
IP
P/
C
T

SGSN

d.e.f

L1bis L1
SGSN

Gb

IP

LI

BSC

BVC
PVC

PHY L1bis

PHY

dest. d.e.f

SNDCPGTP
TCP/
LLC UDP
IP
BSSGP
L2
FR

LLC
LLC relay

LLC

Src. A.b.c

Lecture 7, Slide 47

ck
pa

et

IP

4.3.2.1

GGSN

Src. A.b.c
P
GT

dest. d.e.f

4.5.6.1
IMSI TLLI Cell NSAPI GGSN PDP
4.3.2.1 a.b.c
123 55 12 1
2005 H. Hmimy

PDP IMSI NSAPI SGSN


4.5.6.1
a.b.c 123 1

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 48

GPRS/ EDGE

MAC
Allows MS to share same PDCH on the UL ( up to 8)
on every DL MAC header there are 3 bits USF (UL
state Flag). It identifies which MS to transmit
Immediately after the Attach, The MS is given the
TFI
At TBF the MS is given the list of PDCH ( PSETS) and
an ID for the USF
MS will always listen to the PDCHs.
MS will transmit on the PDCH that contains its USF
ID.
2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 49

GPRS/ EDGE

Packet Scheduling on UL
PCU does scheduling
reserve PDCH and assign USF to it for the MS
In next DL RLC block. PCU puts this USF in MAC header
All MSs on this PDCH (s) listen to the MAC header USF for all
DL RLC Blocks.
The MS whose USF ID matches the USF starts to transmit.

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 50

GPRS/ EDGE

Packet Scheduling on UL
Some MS share same PDCH on the UL
DL
USF =

S2

UL

S1
S1
S1

S1

S1

S3

S2

B1

A1

A2

C1

S3
B2

S2
S2
S2

B1
B2
B3

A1
A2
A3

2005 H. Hmimy

S3
C2

S2
C3

S1
B3

A3

S3 C1
S3 C2
S3 C3

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 51

GPRS/ EDGE

GPRS Send and receive Packets


Before Packet transfer, the GPRS must be
attached and ready.
Attach procedure
Activation of PDP context
Packet data Transfer

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 52

GPRS/ EDGE

GPRS Attach Procedure


Attach procedure

Initiated by MS ( on ready state)


MS (IMSI) , class, ciphering key are delivered to net.
User info updated in SGSN
Location info sent to the new MSC/VLR
MS is given a TLLI
PCU gives the MS TFI

After the attach procedure,the MS is ready for


SMS transfer
activate PDP context
receive PTM-M

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 53

GPRS/ EDGE

GPRS attach
MSC/VLR
BTS

BSC

IP
SGSN

MS request attache
Authentication
use info into SGSN and MSC
attach procedure completed
2005 H. Hmimy

HLR

GGSN

Back bone

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 54

GPRS/ EDGE

PDP
PDP (packet data protocol) is activated for each
session.
MS requests the network to activate PDP context with requested
QoS.
Network can request activation of PDP.
PDP can be activated for fixed and dynamic IP address
MS can have more than one PDP activated
PTP and PTM transfer requires activated PDP
Routing is enabled between SGSN and GGSN

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 55

GPRS/ EDGE

GPRS PDP
HLR
BTS

BSC

IP
SGSN

MS request PDP
DNS
SGSN validates the request
DNS in SGSN gives GGSNs IP
Logical connection created
GGSN assign Dynamic IP to MS
Connect to external net
2005 H. Hmimy

GGSN

Back bone

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 56

GPRS/ EDGE

GPRS Mobility Management

PLMN selection
Cell selection
Re-selection
Receive PTM-M data

Idle

LLC PDU
Ready Timer out
received
abnormal RLC
forced to STANDBY

Data reception without paging

Ready for data transfer but not


active
MM context active ( RA update)
Receive
paging for PTP, PTM-G, and CS
PTM-M data

2005 H. Hmimy

GPRS
detach

GPRS Attach
STANDBY Timer out
or
Ready
cancel location

Standby

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 57

GPRS/ EDGE

Link/ System Level Simulations


CS-1
CS-2

Block Error Rate

Throughput per channel

20

CS-3
CS-4

10

0
0

10

C/I [dB]

15

20

25

30

C/I [dB]

T[C/I] = ( 1-BLER[C/I] )Traw


2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 58

GPRS/ EDGE

GPRS Simulations

System Throughput Downlink: 8 PDCH

Performance

Results
C/I=9dB
CS1--> 40kbps
CS2--> 50kbps
C/I=15dB
CS2-->65kbps

mean (kbit/s)

100
80

CS1 MSC2
CS1 MSC4
CS2 MSC2
CS2 MSC4
CS3 MSC2
CS3 MSC4
CS4 MSC2
CS4 MSC4

60
40
20
0
0

10

15

20

25

30

35

C/I (dB)

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 59

GPRS/ EDGE

GPRS Simulations
System Throughput downlink: CS 2

Performance
System capacity
C/I
mean=15dB
var=3dB

70
60
m ean (kbit/s)

50

CS 2 - 8 PDCHs

40

CS 2 - 4 PDCHs

30

CS 2 - 2 PDCHs

20

CS 2 - 1 PDCHs

10
0

10
2
20
63B
4A1 10

2005 H. Hmimy

C5
10
30
16

D40
E
14
7 18
50
9
22
28

# User

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

F11
22
60
34

8PDCH
2PDCH
1PDCH
4PDCH

Lecture 7, Slide 60

GPRS/ EDGE

GPRS Simulations
WWW Object Throughput downlink: 4 PDCHs
25
20
m ean (kbit/s)

Performance
User Throughput
C/I
mean=15dB
var=3dB
4TS DL

CS 1 - MSC 4

15

CS 2 - MSC 4
CS 1 - MSC 2

10

CS 2 - MSC 2
5
0
4

10

16

22

28

34

# User

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 61

GPRS/ EDGE

Reference

Jian Cai et al, General Packet Radio Services in GSM, IEEE


communication Mag. Oct. 1997. Handout # 18

Ericsson Review GPRS


http://www.ericsson.com/about/publications/review/1999_02/fil
es/1999024.pdf

http://www.gprsworld.com

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 62

GPRS/ EDGE

Enhanced Data rates for Global Evolution (EDGE)


EDGE is essentially a TDMA technology with
higher level modulation and coding and
combined timeslots & carriers to meet ITUs IMT2000 requirements for TDMA( IS136) and GSM
systems
Introduces concept of Link Adaptation in
wireless for maximum throughput in variable
radio conditions
EDGE is a convergence of TDMA( IS 136) and
GSM!
2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 63

GPRS/ EDGE

Enhanced Data rates for Global Evolution (EDGE)


EDGE is designed for easy and stepped migration
towards 3G for both TDMA(IS 136) and GSM
Radio Net
GPRS
EDGE (EGPRS)

Core Net
GPRS

EDGE = EGPRS +ECSD


Today(2002): some TDMA (IS136) operators have
started to deploy Overlay GSM/GPRS Network .
2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 64

GPRS/ EDGE

EDGE
Release 99
finished
ECSD + EGPRS
Basic functionality (Link Quality, MCS, .. GPRS stack)

release 00/01 ( R4 &5))

2005 H. Hmimy

RT EGPRS
New protocol Stack
GERAN
Enhance system performance (close to UMTS)
HR on 8PSK,
wideband vocoder
SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 65

GPRS/ EDGE

The EDGE Radio Interface


Carrier Spacing = 200 kHz
Frame Length = 4.6 ms split into 8 time slots
Modulation Formats:
8-PSK, data channels
GMSK, robust fall back, control channels

Interleaving over 4 Frames


Link Quality Control:
Optimize Throughput w.r.t. the Radio Quality
Combination of Link Adaptation and Incremental
Redundancy...
Data rate per Time Slot 8.8 - 59.2 kbps
2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 66

GPRS/ EDGE

Radio Access (Air Interface) Classic


Packet data logical channel
PCCCH
PRACH
PPCH
PAGCH
PNCH
PDCCH
PACCH
PTCCH/U
PTCCH/D
PBCCH
PDTCH

2005 H. Hmimy

UL
DL
DL
DL

DL

common control
Random Access (requests)
Paging
Access grant ( prior to Pkt Tx)
Notify (PTM-M group of MS) Ph.2.
Dedicated Control
Associated (ACK, CS page, PC,.)
Time advance
Time advance
Broadcast ( may use BCCH)
Traffic

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 67

GPRS/ EDGE

Radio Access (Air Interface)

Mapping logical channels to physical channel


3 different configurations
config. (1) for first TS on the first RF carrier
Config (2 ) for second TS of first carrier of can be on another carrier
Config (3), for all the rest of TSs

1
2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

PDTCH
PDCCH

PCCCH
PDTCH
PDCCH

PDTCH
PDCCH

In GSM can you have Config. ( 1 or 2) why?...

PBCCH
PCCCH

3
Lecture 7, Slide 68

GPRS/ EDGE

MCS-9 symbol = 3 bits


USF RLC/MAC Header +HCS FBI+data(74 octets=592bit)FBI+data(74 octets=592bit)
3bits
(45 bits)
+BCS +TB(612 bits)
+BCS +TB(612 bits)
coding
36

Coding 1/3
(135)

SB
36
8

124
SB
36
8

Coding 1/3
1836
P1
612

Coding 1/3
1836
P1
612

P2
612

124
SB
36
8

P2
612
P2
612

124

P2
612

Total bits= 1392= 464 symbol


2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 69

GPRS/ EDGE

MCS-8 symbol = 3 bits


USF RLC/MAC Header +HCS FBI+data(68 octets=544bit)FBI+data(68 octets=544bit)
3bits
(45 bits)
+BCS +TB(564 bits)
+BCS +TB(564 bits)
coding
36

Coding 1/3
(135)

SB
36
8

124
SB
36
8

Coding 1/3
1692
P1
612

124
SB
36
8

P1
612
P2
612
124

Total bits= 1392= 464 symbol


2005 H. Hmimy

Coding 1/3
1692

P2
612
P2
612

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

P2
612
Lecture 7, Slide 70

GPRS/ EDGE

MCS-7

symbol = 3 bits

USF RLC/MAC Header +HCS FBI+data(56 octets=448bit)FBI+data(56 octets=448bit)


3bits
(45 bits)
+BCS +TB(468 bits)
+BCS +TB(468 bits)
coding
36

Coding 1/3
(135)

SB
36
8

124

Coding 1/3
1404
P1
612

SB
36
8

Coding 1/3
1404
P1
612

P2
612

124
SB
36
8

P2
612
P2
612

124

P2
612

Total bits= 1392= 464 symbol


2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 71

GPRS/ EDGE

MCS-6

symbol = 3 bits

USF RLC/MAC Header +HCS FBI+ data(74 octets=592bit)+BCS +TB


3bits
(33 bits)
(612 bits)
coding
36

SB
8

36

Coding 1/3
(99 bits)+ 1 padding

P1
1248

100
SB
8

Coding 1/3
1836

36

100

P2
1248

Total bits= 1392= 464 symbol


2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 72

GPRS/ EDGE

MCS-5

symbol = 3 bits

USF RLC/MAC Header +HCS FBI+ data(56 octets=448bit)+BCS +TB


3bits
(33 bits)
(468 bits)
coding
36

SB
8

Coding 1/3
(99 bits)+ 1 padding

36

Coding 1/3
1404

P1
1248

100
SB
8

36

P2
1248

100

Total bits= 1392= 464 symbol


2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 73

GPRS/ EDGE

MCS-4 symbol = 1 bits


USF RLC/MAC Header +HCS
3bits
(36 bits)

FBI+data(44 octets=352bit)
+BCS +TB(372 bits)

coding
12

Coding 1/3
(108)

Coding 1/3
1116

SB
12
8

68
SB
12
8

P1
372
68
SB
12
8

Total bits= 464= 464 symbol


2005 H. Hmimy

P2
372
68

P2
372

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 74

GPRS/ EDGE

MCS-3 symbol = 1 bits


USF RLC/MAC Header +HCS
3bits
(36 bits)

FBI+data(37 octets=296bit)
+BCS +TB(316 bits)

coding
12

Coding 1/3
(108)

Coding 1/3
948

SB
12
8

68

P1
372

SB
12
8

68
SB
12
8

P2
372
68

P2
372

Total bits= 464= 464 symbol


2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 75

GPRS/ EDGE

MCS-2

symbol = 1 bits

USF RLC/MAC Header +HCS FBI+ data(28 octets=224bit)+BCS +TB


3bits
(36 bits)
(244 bits)
coding
12

SB
8

12

Coding 1/3
108

P1
372

68
SB
8

Coding 1/3
672

12

68

P2
372

Total bits= 464= 464 symbol


2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 76

GPRS/ EDGE

MCS-1

symbol = 1 bits

USF RLC/MAC Header +HCS FBI+ data(22 octets=1762bit)+BCS +TB


3bits
(36 bits)
(196 bits)
coding
12

SB
8

12

Coding 1/3
108

Coding 1/3
588

P1
372

68
SB
8

12

P2
372

68

Total bits= 464= 464 symbol


2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 77

MCS

Code rate Bit rate/TS

MCS-1
MCS-2
MCS-3
MCS-4

0.53
0.66
0.8
1

8.8
11.2
14.8
17.6

GPRS
CS
CS1
CS2
CS3
CS4

Code rate Bit rate Bit rate


1/2
2/3
3/4
1

Is GPRS a subset of EGPRS??


What throughput you are really measuring?
2005 H. Hmimy

Bottom of LLC

EGPRS

Bottom of LLC

GPRS vs GMSK MCSs of EGPRS

Bottom of MAC ,
no USF, BCS or TB

GPRS/ EDGE

9.05
13.4
15.6
21.4

GSM 3.64

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

8
12
14.4
20

GSM 4.6
Lecture 7, Slide 78

GPRS/ EDGE

Link Quality Control


Why
path loss, Shadowing and rayligh fading Carrier change
Bursty packet data lead to bursty interference
Increase packet throughput
Link quality control
Link quality C/I , BER, FER, BLER,..
Type II Hybrid ARQ ( ARQ with adaptive
Modulation/coding)

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 79

GPRS/ EDGE

Link Quality Control


LA Link Adaptation
select the MCS that gives a maximum throughput for
certain C/I
IR (Incremental Redundancy)
Packet is sent with a certain puncture scheme
If a packet is received in error, the transmitter will
retransmit the packet with another puncture scheme
at the end all the packets will be combined ( better
performance)
2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 80

GPRS/ EDGE

IR
RLC block size

37 byte

37 byte

MCS-6

37 byte

37 byte

MCS-3
MCS-7
Family B

MCS-5
MCS-2
MCS-4

Family C
2005 H. Hmimy

Find
th
for M e RLC
bloc
CS 8
k si z
?
e

Family A

MCS-9

MCS-1

37 byte

37 byte

28 byte

28 byte

37 byte
28 byte

28 byte

28 byte

28 byte

28 byte
22 byte

22 byte

22 byte

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 81

GPRS/ EDGE

IR
RLC block size
MCS-9

37 byte

37 byte

37 byte

37 byte

Family A

37 byte

MCS-6

37 byte

37 byte

MCS-3
example
MCS-9 carries 2 RLC blocks @ 74 byte each
Retransmission using MCS-6
for further retransmission, 74byte block will be
segmented into 2 x 37 blocks MCS-3.

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 82

GPRS/ EDGE

Modulation and Coding Schemes for EDGE


MCS Modulation Code rate Bit rate/TSFamily H Code rateRLC/20m
MCS-1
MCS-2
MCS-3
MCS-4

GMSK

MCS-5
MCS-6
MCS-7
MCS-8
MCS-9

8-PSK

2005 H. Hmimy

0.53
0.66
0.8
1

8.8
11.2
14.8
17.6

C
B
A
C

1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2

1
1
1
1

0.37
0.49
0.76
0.92
1

22.4
29.6
44.8
54.5
59.2

B
A
B
A
A

1/3
1/3
0.35
0.35
0.35

1
1
2
2
2

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 83

GPRS/ EDGE

Link Adaption: LA

60

MCS-9
MCS8

50

kbit/s

MCS-7

40
30

MCS-6
MCS-5

20

MCS-4
MCS-3
MCS-2
MCS-1

10
0
0

2005 H. Hmimy

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

45

C/I
Lecture 7, Slide 84

GPRS/ EDGE

Link Adaptation : IR performance

Packet throughput
for IR

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 85

GPRS/ EDGE

VoIPoW
3G systems will provide
Multitude of services (RT, NRT,)
considerable flexibility (IPall the way)
high radio spectral efficiency ( IP OH ..!!)
support MM on common platform (IP-based!)
VoIP
Server

Codec VoIP
RTP
UDP
IP

SGSN/
GGSN

Backbone
router

Radio

MT
2005 H. Hmimy

RNS

Edge
Router
SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Codec VoIP
RTP
UDP
IP
Ethernet

FT
Lecture 7, Slide 86

GPRS/ EDGE

GERAN
GSM EDGE Radio Access Network
for easy transition between 2G and full 3G (UMTS) and align
with the UMTS SERVICES

Motivation
All IP Network
Low cost of operation
One platform
support of new services
Support for different access networks

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 87

GPRS/ EDGE

Requirements GERAN
Spectrum efficient support for VoIP, (end-to-end
IP-based voice service), Quality TDMA
Integration of all services over IP infrastructure
Alignment with UMTS/UTRAN service classes and
QoS
Common GPRS and GSM Core Network for EDGE
and UTRAN
Support of EDGE/GPRS R97 and R99 terminals
Software upgrade to EDGE R99 base stations

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 88

GPRS/ EDGE

EDGE R4,5 features


Channel coding
Turbo code

Interleaving (variable length)


Voice over 8PSK AMR half rate R5
Wideband codec AMR R5
all IP (RT application)
PDCP
enhanced cell reselection R4

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 89

GPRS/ EDGE

GERAN
GERAN connects to PS CN through:
Iu-ps for R4, R5 terminals
New protocols

Core Network
3G SGSN
SGSN server

Iu-ps'

Gb for R97 and R99 terminals


LLC and SNDCP protocols
GERAN
TE

Gb

Um

Iu-cs'

2005 H. Hmimy

3G MSC
MSC server
MGW

GERAN connects to CS CN through:


Iu-cs or A

SGSN

BSS

MT
R

MGW

A
MSC
SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 90

GPRS/ EDGE

GERAN Interfaces
A
GSM CS interface

Iu-CS
WCDMA CS interface could be considered for GERAN

Gb
GPRS interface not suitable for RT transmission
LLC+RLC both ARQ protocols
IP instead of FR

Iu-PS
UTRAN PS, IP, QoS, AAL2/ATM , possibly IP over SDH

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 91

GPRS/ EDGE

Functional split between CN and GERAN


HO support for RT IP services in RAN (new in R4)
Ciphering
R4 GERAN,
R99 SGSN

Header compression
R4 GERAN
R99 SGSN

Radio resource handling in RAN (R99, R4)


Support Iu bearer (R5)
2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 92

GPRS/ EDGE

Iu-PS and Gb
Function

Iu-PS

Gb

ciphering

RAN

CN

compression

RAN

CN

RAN

CN

Buffer management

RAN

CN

flow control

No

Yes

RR handeling

RAN

CN+RAN

IP header & payload


Termination of
LLC and SNDCP

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 93

GPRS/ EDGE

Protocol Stack R4,..


PDCP (Packet data convergence protocol UTRA)
TCP/IP, UDP/IP with H compression
Buffering and numbering PDCP SDUs
Transfer of user data
Multiplexing

PDCP

PDCP

RLC

RLC

MAC

MAC

L1

L1

MS

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

CN

Lecture 7, Slide 94

GPRS/ EDGE

Protocol Stack R99


LLC
ACK and none-ACK modes

SNDCP

SNDCP

LLC

LLC

RLC

RLC

MAC

MAC

Buffering and ARQ

L1

L1

Segmentation and assembly

MS

Error detection
ciphering

SNDCP
Transfer of user data
Multiplexing

CN

H and payload compression (optional) TCP


management of delivery sequence
2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 95

GPRS/ EDGE

Compare SNDCP and PDCP


Overhead
PDCP 1 Byte
SNDCP
ACK LLC+ Segment = 3+1= 4
none-ACK LLC+Segment=4+3=7
LLC
ACK LLC =7
none_ACK LLC=6

example: VoIP, none_ACK LLC without segmentation


PDCP 1 byte
2005 H. Hmimy

SNDCP/LLC = 4+6=10 bytes

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 96

GPRS/ EDGE

Protocol Layering and Segmentation


Application PDU

Header

TCP PDU

Header

IP PDU

Header

SNDCP PDU

Header

LLC PDU

MAC/RLC PDU

Payload

Payload

Payload

Payload

Header

Header

Header

Header

Payload

Payload

Payload

Payload

Payload

Header

Payload

Header

Payload

Payload

Maximum TCP segment size: 536

2005 H. Hmimy

Payload

Payload

Payload

Protocol

Header size
(octets)

Resulting PDU size


(octets)

TCP

20

556

IP

20

576

SNDCP

580

LLC

587

Total

51

587

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 97

GPRS/ EDGE

TCP Transactions (simplified)


WWW / Bulk
Client

TCP Client

TCP Server

WWW / Bulk
object

Data
delayed ACK
(max. 200ms)

WWW / Bulk
Server

Data
ACK
Data

WWW / Bulk
object

Data
ACK
WWW / Bulk
object
Data
Data
ACK
Data
Data
ACK
Data
Data
ACK

WWW / Bulk
object

last Data
ACK

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 98

GPRS/ EDGE

RLC Downlink Transactions


RLC-BSS TCP (Server)

TCP (Client) RLC-MS

TCP Segment

Packet Downlink
Assignment

downlink TBF
establishment
(60ms)

Packet Control
Acknowledgement
Data
Data
Data

Packet Downlink Ack/


Nack
TCP
Segment

Data

Time

Packet Downlink Ack/


Nack Final

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 99

GPRS/ EDGE

Downlink TBF Establishment


Multi-Slot capability: 4TSs
unused (=overhead) RLC Radio Blocks
TS4

data

TS3

data

TS2
TS1

data
data

PDA

20ms

20ms
(uplink Packet
Control ACK)

20ms
(idle block)

idle

data

idle

data

padding

data
data

data

Time

data transmission

transmission delay

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 100

GPRS/ EDGE

RLC Uplink Transactions


TCP (Client)

RLC-BSS TCP (Server)

RLC-MS

Packet Channel
Request

TCP ACK

Packet Uplink
Assginment
Data
Data
Data

TCP ACK

Packet Uplink Ack/


Nack
Packet Uplink Ack/
Nack
Packet Control
Acknowledgement Final

Time
2005 H. Hmimy

pending
retransmission

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 101

GPRS/ EDGE

Over Head calculation

Example :GPRS

one TCP = 536 B


TCP+OH=536+51=587B
# of RLC= (TCP+OH)/RLC-size
total_data=(#of RLC+TBF)*RLC_size
OH=(total_data -TCP_size) /total_data

Protocol Header
20
TCP
IP
SNDCP
LLC
total

20
4
7
51

TBF signaling overhead:


CS RLC (B) #of RLC
CS1
20
30
CS2
30
..
CS3
36
..
CS4
50
12
2005 H. Hmimy

TBF
2
2
2
2

Total Data
640
..
..
700

OH
16.2%
..
..
23.5%

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 102

GPRS/ EDGE

Header + Padding Overhead EDGE R99

Overhead Calculation
Example 1:
MCS-1, Bulk PDU 50B
50bytes
101 bytes including headers
(51 bytes per TCP segment)
5 RLC PDUs=110 bytes
including padding

Modulation
and
Coding
Scheme
MCS 1
MCS 5
MCS 9

Application PDU
size
(octets)
50
1000
50
1000
50
1000

RLC PDU
payload
size
(octets)
22
56
148

Number of
RLC PDUs
(octets)

Total
Data
(octets)

5
51
2
2
1
8

110
1122
112
1120
148
1184

Overhead
%
54.5
10.9
55.4
10.7
66.2
15.5

Example 2:
MCS-9, Bulk PDU 1kB
1000/536
=1 complete TCP segment + 464 bytes
1000+2*51
=1102 bytes including headers
1102/148
=8 RLC PDUs=1184 bytes including padding
OH= (1184-1000)/1184=15.5%

2005 H. Hmimy

SMU EE 8315 Advanced Topics in Wireless Communications - Spring05

Lecture 7, Slide 103

You might also like