EE 332 Lab 3

Students Name: Raya Zhu

Jie Ren (Section H7)
Xiaoang Ge
ID:

Section:
Due Date:

1229969
1212947

H8
March, 15. 2012

Tables
Initial Tests
Ra(W)

Rsf (W)

Rf (W)

t err (Nm)

8.2

2.3

286

Separately Excited
No Load: 400mA Nominal Field Current

No Load: 80V Nominal Terminal Voltage

Nominal

If

Vt

nm

kf

Nominal

Vt

If

nm

kf

Vt (V)
20
40
60
80
100

(mA)
400
400
400
400
400

(V)
20.38
39.78
60.40
80.50
101.60

(rpm)
218
439
673
896
1138

(rad/s)
22.83
45.99
70.48
93.83
119.17

(Vs/rad)
0.893
0.865
0.857
0.858
0.853

If (mA)
400
350
300
250

(V)
80
80
79
80

(mA)
400
350
300
250

rpm
898
925
962
1065

(rad/s)
94.04
96.87
100.74
111.53

(Vs/rad)
0.852
0.822
0.780
0.717

Separately Excited Load Test: Nominally 100V terminal voltage, 400mA field current
Nominal

Measurements

Calculated

Ia

If

Vt

Ia

Pt

tout

nm

Pout

Pf ield

PRa

Pin

PF&W

tdev

kf

(A)
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0

(mA)
400
400
400
400
400
400
400

(V)
100.2
100.5
103.3
101.2
100.0
100.3
100.6

(A)
0.363
0.530
1.000
1.519
2.050
2.496
3.054

(W)
36.2
52.9
103.3
152.9
204.4
250.2
309

(Nm)
0.00
0.14
0.50
0.86
1.26
1.57
1.96

(rpm)
1131
1116
1095
1035
977
951
906

(V)
97.22
96.15
95.10
88.74
83.19
79.83
75.56

(W)
0.0
16.4
57.3
93.2
128.9
156.4
186.0

(W)
45.8
45.8
45.8
45.8
45.8
45.8
45.8

(W)
1.08
2.30
8.20
18.92
34.46
51.09
76.48

(W)
82.0
98.7
149.1
198.7
250.2
296.0
354.8

(W)
35.1
34.2
37.8
40.8
41.0
42.8
46.6

(Nm)
0.30
0.44
0.83
1.24
1.67
2.00
2.43

(%)
0.00
16.58
38.46
46.92
51.53
52.83
52.42

(Vs/rad)
0.821
0.823
0.829
0.819
0.813
0.802
0.796

Series Excited
Nominal

Measurements

Calculated

Ia

Vt

Ia

Pt

tout

nm

Pout

PRa+Rsf

PF&W

tdev

kc

(A)
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5

(V)
81.1
80.8
80.4
80.2

(A)
2.960
2.576
2.035
1.490

(W)
240.4
210.3
163.9
120

(Nm)
1.42
1.12
0.74
0.39

(rpm)
808
916
1113
1432

(V)
50.02
53.75
59.03
64.56

(W)
120.32
107.43
86.25
57.88

(W)
92.00
69.68
43.48
23.31

(W)
28.08
33.19
34.17
38.80

(Nm)
1.75
1.44
1.03
0.64

(%)
50.05
51.09
52.62
48.24

(Nm/A2)
0.200
0.218
0.249
0.289

Graphs

Sample calculation
Separately Excited DC Motor:
1. Using the no-load test data, calculate the value of k when Vt=100V and If= 400mA
Vt = Ea (for no load test)
2
2 1138
m =
nm =
= 119.17rad/s
60
60
Vt
101.6
k =
=
= 0.853Vs/rad
m 119.17
2. Using the separately excited load data, calculate Ea, Pdev, Pout, and for the case where
Ia=3.0A.
Ea = Vt Ia R a = 100.6 3.054 8.2 = 75.56V
Pdev = Ea Ia = 75.56 3.054 = 230.75W
2
2 906
m =
nm =
= 94.876rad/s
60
60
Pout = out m = 1.96 94.876 = 185.957W
Pfield = If 2 R f = 0.42 286 = 45.76W
Pin = Pt + Pfield = 309 + 45.76 = 354.76W
Pout 185.95
=
=
100% = 52.42%
Pin
354.76
3. A speed of 1400rpm is required to be obtained in the separately excited DC moor using
field-weakening (reducing If), while the armature voltage and current are held constant.
Determine the dev available at the speed of 1400rpm for the case of Ia=3.0A.
Ea = Vt Ia R a = 100.6 3.054 8.2 = 75.56V
2
2 1400
m =
nm =
= 146.61rad/s
60
60
Ea Ia 75.56 3.0
dev =
=
= 1.55Nm
n
146.61
Series DC Motor:
4. Using the series experiment data, calculate Ea, Pout, Pdev, dev, and the constant kc for the
case where Ia=1.5A.
R s = R a + R sf = 8.2 + 2.3 = 10.5
Ea = Vt Ia R s = 80.2 1.490 10.5 = 64.555V
2nm 2 1432
m =
=
= 149.96rad/s
60
60
Pout = out m = 0.386 149.96 = 57.88W
Pdev = Ea Ia = 64.555 1.490 = 96.187W
Pdev 96.187
dev =
=
= 0.64Nm
m
149.96

Pout 57.88
=
100% = 48.24%
Pt
120.0
dev
0.64
kc = 2 =
= 0.289Nm/A
1.4902
Ia
5. Assuming the test series DC motor is mechanically coupled to a fan load for the case of
Ia=3.0A, the speed is required to reduce to 600rpm by inserting an external resistance Rex in
series with Rs. Vt is constant while changing Rsf. The torque required by a fan is
proportional to the square of the speed. Neglect armature reaction and rotational losses, i.e.
you can assume c is a constant in =cIa and dev equals load torque. Determine the values of
Rex and Ia required for the new speed.
2nm 2 600
m =
=
= 62.83rad/s
60
60
Set a Constant A,
dev = load = Am 2
For the 3.0A case,
load
1.42
A=
=
= 1.983e 4
m 2 (2 808)2
60
For the 600rpm case,
load = Am 2 = 1.983e 4 62.832 = 0.783Nm
=

load
0.783
=
= 1.979A
kc
0.200

Ia =

Ea = kcIa m = 0.200 1.979 62.83 = 24.86V

Vt Ea 81.1 24.86
R all =
=
= 28.418
Ia
1.979
R ex = R all R s = 28.418 10.5 = 17.918

Questions
1. Vt is a function of the speed in rpm, and Vt has a range of 20V to 100V. When current
It is constant the rpm is increasing with Vt. The Vt vs rpm is a line with positive slope.
2. Yes, this line is linear. The line form can be indicated from the graph of Separately
Excited Motor No load. When If is constant, the line is a linear line. Vt = Ea in the no

load test and Ea kfw m . Therefore, Vt = k m and, k and

are all constant. Vt

is

proportional to m . The slope is k .

3. The relationship of the speed and the field current is nonlinear. When If varies, through

f f (I f )

and

Ea kfw m

, we can get the relationship of Ea and If which is nonlinear.

Note that Vt=Ea, in no load test, the equation can be transform into this equation:

kw m
1

f (I f )
Vt

If Vt is a constant, the rpm will be inverse proportional to If .

4. The calculation value of torque is 0.66Nm and the measure value is 0.69. These two
values are closed with error 4.5%. These values are closed matched.
5. The shape of torque-speed curve will be affected by an armature reaction. In a motor,
when the load increases the flux-weakening effects reduce its flux. From the equation

wm

Vt
Ra

t ind , the effect of a reduction in flux will increase the motor speed at
K ( K ) 2

any given load over the speed it would run at without armature reaction.
6. The separately excited motor is not effected by armature voltage and current. In the
application of a conveyor belt drive, this will keep a constant speed and it also easy to
control.
7.

The flux in the machine is controlled by the field current. In series motor, due to
non-saturating field happens at the most time, then it forms a linear relation , where c
is a constant. As a result, flux and current are proportional.

8. There are two major components of losses in the system, the first one is the copper
losses and the second one is the rotational loss. From the equation I 2R, the losses can
be found in the current and the resistance which are the field resistance and the
armature resistance. The rotational losses are from core and mechanical loss. The core
losses are the eddy current and hysteresis losses, and the mechanical loss is from

friction in the system.

9. From the speed and torque diagram of series excited motor, the speed and torque on
the diagram have a relation of
We can conclude that the series excited motor can
provide a large amount of torque when the speed is low. It is useful when it is applied
for the railway traction drive, because it can provide a faster acceleration at the start-up.
Thus the series motor is suitable for a railway traction drive.
10. The direction of rotation can be changed by changing the direction of the current. The
purpose can be also be obtain by changing the polarity of the armature winding or field
winding.