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Basic assumptions:
reservoir
=> homogeneous
=> isotropic
=> horizontal of uniform thickness
=> permeability k = const
=> rock compressibility c = const
fluid
=> slightly compressible
=> viscosity = const
=> density = const
flow
=> single-phase
=> laminar
=> radial-symmetric flow geometry around the well
=> Darcy law applies
=> no gravity effects
Hydraulic diffusivity:
Hydraulic transmissibility:
Dimensionless pressure:
skin
=> near wellbore region which has (hydraulic) properties, especially the permeability k, that
are different from those in the reservoir
skin factor s
=> numerical value used to analytically model the difference from the pressure drop
predicted by Darcy law due to skin
=> dimensionless factor calculated to determine the production efficiency of a well by
comparing actual conditions with theoretical or ideal conditions
s>0
=> indicates some damage or influences impairing well productivity
=> reasons
=> drilling mud plugging the perforations
=> clay damaged by fresh water
=> fines migration
=> scale / salt deposits
=> heavy crude deposits
=> asphaltene deposits
=> wax deposits
s=0
=> no damage
s<0
=> indicates enhanced well productivity
=> reasons
=> stimulation
=> natural fractures
=> hydraulic fracturing
=> matrix acidization
=> well slant
additional pressure drop caused by near wellbore damage
(according to Hurst and van Everdingen):
well performance (steady state and radial flow, slightly compressible fluid):