Ansys Manual R14

Sl.No.
Date
Title of the Exercise

STRUCTURAL STATIC ANALYSIS
Stress analysis of a plate with a circular hole.
Stress analysis of simple bracket.
Stress analysis of simple rectangular L bracket
Stress analysis of rectangular L bracket
Stress analysis of an Axi-symmetric component.
Stress analysis of Cantilever beam with point load at the end

Stress analysis of Simply supported beam with point load at the
center
Stress analysis of Simply supported beam with uniformly
distributed load.
7
8
9
Stress analysis of Fixed beam with point load at the center

STRUCTURAL DYNAMIC ANALYSIS
10
Mode frequency analysis of Cantilever beam.
11
Mode frequency analysis of Simply supported beam.
12
Mode frequency analysis of Fixed beam.

STRUCTURAL HARMONIC ANALYSIS
13
Harmonic analysis of a 2D component

THERMAL ANALYSIS
14
Thermal stress analysis of a 2D component static
15
Conductive heat transfer analysis of a 2D component
16
Convective heat transfer analysis of a 2D component

FLUID FLOW ANALYSIS
17
Analysis of Fluid Flow over a cylinder

3
Page
Number
Remarks
Ex. No. : 01
STRESS ANALYSIS OF A PLATE WITH A CIRCULAR HOLE
Date :
AIM:
To determine the displacement and bending stress of a given plate with a circular hole
using Finite Element Analysis based ANSYS structure and view the displacement and bending
stress plots.
PROCEDURE:
1. Enter the title of the analysis
Utility Menu > File > Select Change Title> Enter New Title > Stress Analysis of a
Plate with Hole > Ok
ANSYS Main Menu > preferences > turn on Structural > Ok
2. Define Type of element

Preprocessor > Element Type > Add/Edit/Delete >structural mass > solid > Quad4node
182 > Ok > options > pull down K3 plane stress and select plane strs w/thk.> Ok > close
Options > pull down K3 plane stress and select plane strs w/thk.> Ok > close
6
3. Define Real constants

Preprocessor > Real Constants > Add/Edit/Delete>Add>Ok>Enter THK = 20 >Ok
>Close
4. Define Material Properties

Preprocessor > Material Props > Material Models > Structural > Linear > Elastic >
Isotropic > Enter EX = 200000 and Enter PRXY = 0.3 > Ok > Close
5. Modeling
a. Create the main rectangular shape
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Areas > Rectangle > By 2 Corners > WP X=0, WP
Y=0, Width = 200 and Height = 100.
b. Create the circle

Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Areas > Circle > Solid Circle > WP X= 100, WP
Y=50 and Radius = 20
You should now have the following model:
c. Numbering Areas
Utility Menu >plot controls > Numbering> pick Areas
d.Subtraction
Now we want to subtract the circle (2) from the rectangle (1). Prior to this operation,
your image should resemble the following:
Modeling > Operate > Booleans > Subtract > Areas > Enter 1 > Ok > Enter 2 > Ok
You should now have the following model:
6.
Mesh Size
Preprocessor > Meshing > Size Cntrls > Manual Size > Areas > All Areas
7. Mesh the model

Preprocessor > Meshing > Mesh > Areas > Free > Click on Pick All
10
Solution Phase: Assigning Loads and Solving

You have now defined your model. It is now time to apply the load(s) and constraint(s) and solve
the resulting system of equations.
1. Define Analysis Type
o Ensure that a Static Analysis will be performed
o Preprocessor >Loads > Analysis Type > New Analysis > select Static > Ok.
2. Apply Constraints
As shown previously, the left end of the plate is fixed.
Preprocessor > Define Loads > Apply > Structural > Displacement > On Lines > Using
Mouse Select the left end vertical line of the plate > click on 'Apply' in the window > Ok.
Fill in the window as shown below.
11
This location is fixed which means that all DOF's are constrained. Therefore,
select 'All DOF' by clicking on it and enter '0' in the Value field as shown above.
You will see some blue triangles in the graphics window indicating the
displacement constraints.
3. Apply Loads
o
As shown in the diagram, there is a load of 20N/mm distributed on the right hand
side of the plate. Calculate the pressure on the plate end by dividing the
distributed load by the thickness of the plate (1 N/mm2).
Solution > Define Loads > Apply > Structural > Pressure > On Lines > Using Mouse
Select the right end vertical line of the plate > click on 'Apply' in the window
12
Fill in the "Apply PRES on lines" window as shown below > Ok.
The pressure is uniform along the surface of the plate; therefore the last field
is left blank.
The pressure is acting away from the surface of the plate, and is therefore
defined as a negative pressure.
o
The applied loads and constraints should now appear as shown below.
13
4. Solving the System

Solution > Solve > Current LS > Ok.
5. Deformation
General Postproc > Plot Results > Deformed Shape > select Def + undeformd >
Ok
View both the deformed and the undeformed object.
Observe the locations of deflection.
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6. Deflection
General Postproc > Plot Results > Contour plot > Nodal Solution > Nodal Solution >
pick DOF solution > select Displacement Vector Sum > In the bottom of the window
select Deformed shape with Undeformed model > Ok.
15
7. Stresses
General Postproc > Plot Results > Nodal Solution > pick Stress > select Von Mises
Stress > In the bottom of the window select Deformed shape with Undeformed model
> Ok.
RESULT:
Displacement vector sum =
Von mises stress =
16
Ex. No. : 02
STRESS ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE BRACKET
Date :
AIM:
To determine the displacement and bending stress of a given simple bracket using
Finite Element Analysis bases ANSYS structure and view the displacement and bending stress
plots.
PROCEDURE
1. Defining the Problem
Utility Menu > File > Change Title>Stress Analysis of Simple Bracket
ANSYS Main Menu > preferences > turn on Structural
182 > Ok > options > pull down plane stress and select plane stress with thick.> pull
down No Extra output and select Nodal Stress > Ok > close
3. Define Real constants
Preprocessor > Real Constants > Add/Edit/Delete>Add>Ok>Enter THK = 20 >Ok >
Close
17

Isotropic > EX = 200000 and PRXY = 0.3 > Ok > Close
5. Modeling
a. Create the main rectangular shape
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Areas > Rectangle > By 2 Corners
(X=0,Y=0, WIDTH= 80, HEIGHT =100)
b. Create the circular end on the right hand side
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Areas > Circle > Solid Circle> X=80,Y=50
and R=50 > Ok
c. Now create a second and third circle for the left hand side using the following
dimensions:
and R=20 > Ok
and R=20 > Ok
d. Create a rectangle on the left hand end to fill the gap between the two small
circles.
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Areas > Rectangle > By 2 Corners (X= -20,
Y=20, WIDTH= 20, HEIGHT =60)
e. Your screen should now look like the following...
f. We now want to add these five discrete areas together to form one area.
Modeling > Operate > Booleans > Add > Areas > Pick All
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g. Create the Bolt Holes

We now want to remove the bolt holes from this plate.
i. Create the three circles with the parameters given below:
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Areas > Circle > Solid Circle
parameter circle 1 circle 2 circle 3
WP X
80
WP Y
50
20
80
radius
30
10
10
h. Numbering Areas
Ansys utility menu > Plot controls > Numbering > Areas Area numbers > Turn
On
i. Subtract object ( Simple Bracket) from Three Holes
Preprocessor > Modeling > Operate > Booleans > Subtract > Areas > Enter 6
(Simple Bracket) > Apply>1,2,3 > OK
Now you should have the following:
6. After Modeling is done save the model in a new folder

Ansys utility menu > plot controls > write metafile > invert white/black
7. Mesh Size
Preprocessor > Meshing > Size Cntrls > Manual Size > Areas > All Areas > element edge
length > 5
8. Mesh
Preprocessor > Meshing > Mesh > Areas > Free > Pick All
19
9. After meshing is done save the meshed model on a previous new folder
Solution' > 'New Analysis' and select 'Static'.
As illustrated, the plate is fixed at both of the smaller holes on the left hand side.
a. Solution > Define Loads > Apply > Structural > Displacement > On Nodes
In the dial box, select circle option. Now Pick center of circle and drag upto outer
surface as shown figure.> ok > select All DOF , Enter Displacement value = 0 and
Repeat for Second small circle.
12. Apply Loads

As shown in the diagram, there is a single vertical load of 1000N, at the bottom of the
large bolt hole. Apply this force to the respective keypoint
Solution > Define Loads > Apply > Structural > Force/Moment > On Keypoints> just
pick one point on bottom of large circle > Ok > pull down FY > Enter force value
= -1000.
20
13. Solving the System

Solution > Solve > Current LS > Ok > Close
POST-PROCESSING: VIEWING THE RESULTS
14. Deflection
General Postproc > Plot Results > Contour Plot > Nodal Solu ... > DOF solution,
> displacement vector sum.> Ok
15. Von Mises Stress

General Postproc > Plot Results > Contour Plot > Nodal Solu ... > Stress > Von
Mises Stress > Ok
RESULT:
Von mises stress =
21
Ex. No. : 03.
STRESS ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE RECTANGULAR L - BRACKET
Date:
AIM:
To determine the displacement and bending stress of a given L - bracket using Finite
Element Analysis bases ANSYS structure and view the displacement and bending stress plots.
PROCEDURE
Step 1: Set the analysis title

Utility Menu > Change title > Stress Analysis of Rectangular L Bracket > ok
Step 2: Set preferences
Main Menu > Preferences > Structural > ok
Step 3: Define the material properties.
Main Menu > Preprocessor > Material Props > Material Models > Structural > Linear >
Elastic > Isotropic > EX 30000000 and PRXY 0.27 > ok >
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Step 3: Define the element types

Main Menu > Preprocessor > Element Type > Add/Edit/Delete > Add > solid > 8 node
Quad plane 82 > ok
Options > choose plane stress with thickness > ok > close
Step 4: Define the Real constants
Main Menu > Preprocessor > Real Constants > Add/Edit/Delete > Add > ok > Enter the
thickness 0.5 > ok > close
Step 5: Create the Geometry
Create rectangle
Main Menu> Preprocessor> Modeling> Create> Areas> Rectangle> By Dimensions >
Enter the Dimensions > ok
Coordinates
Rectangle 1
Rectangle 2
X1
X2
Y1
-1
-1
Y2
-3
Change plot controls and replot

Utility Menu > Plot ctrls > Numbering > turn on area number > ok
Create the circle
Main Menu> Preprocessor> Modeling> Create> Areas> Circle> Solid Circle
Dimensions
Circle 1
Circle 2
Wp x
Wp y
-3
Radius
23
Add areas
Main Menu > Preprocessor > Modeling > Operate > Booleans > Add > Areas > Pick All
Create line fillet
Utility Menu > Plot Ctrls > Numbering > Turn on line numbering > ok > close
Main Menu > Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Lines > Line Fillet > Pick the two
lines > ok > Enter the fillet radius 0.4 > ok > close
Utility Menu > Plot > Lines
Create fillet area
Main Menu > Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Area > Arbitrary > By lines > Pick
the Fillet line > ok
Utility Menu > Plot > Area

Add areas together
Main Menu > Preprocessor > Modeling > Operate > Booleans > Add > Area > Pick All
Create first pin hole
Main Menu> Preprocessor> Modeling> Create> Areas> Circle> Solid Circle > Enter the
Coordinates > ok
Coordinates
Circle 3
Circle 4
Wp x
Wp y
-3
Radius
0.4
0.4
Subtract pin holes from bracket

Main Menu> Preprocessor> Modeling> Operate> Booleans> Subtract> Areas > Pick
Main Object > ok > second and third circle > ok
Step 6: Mesh the Area
Main Menu > Preprocessor > Meshing > Mesh Tool > Set Global size control > Enter 0.5
> ok > Choose Area Meshing > click > Pick All
24
Step 7: Apply Boundary conditions and loads

Constraints
Main Menu > Solution > Define Loads > Apply > Structural > Displacement > On Lines
> Pick the four lines around left hand hole > ok > select All DOF > Enter the value 0 > ok >
close
Utility Menu > Plot lines
Pressure load
Main Menu > Solution > Define Loads > apply > Structural > Pressure > On Lines > Pick
line defining bottom left part of the circle > Apply > Enter 50 for VALUE > Enter 500 for
optional value > Apply > Pick line defining bottom right part of the circle > Apply > Enter 500
for VALUE > Enter 50 for optional value > ok
Step 8: solve the Problem
Main Menu > Solution > Solve > Current LS > ok > close
Step 9: Review the Results
Main Menu > General Postproc > Read Results > First set
Deformed shape
Main Menu > General Postproc > Plot Results > Deformed Shape > choose Def +
undeformed > ok
Displacement vector sum
Main Menu > General Postproc > Plot Results > Contour Plot > Nodal Solution > select
DOF Solution > select Displacement vector sum > ok.
25
Von Mises Stresses

Main Menu > General Postproc > Plot Results > Nodal Solution > stress > select von
Mises Stress
RESULT:
Von mises stress =
26
Ex. No. :04.
STRESS ANALYSIS OF RECTANGULAR L - BRACKET
Date :
AIM:
To determine the displacement and bending stress of a given L - bracket using Finite
Element Analysis bases ANSYS structure and view the displacement and bending stress plots.
This is a simple, single load step, structural static analysis of the (corner angle)L-bracket
shown below. The upper left-hand pin hole is constrained (welded) around its entire
circumference, and a tapered pressure load is applied to the bottom of the lowerright-hand pin
hole. The objective of the problem is to demonstrate the typical ANSYS analysis procedure.
PROCEDURE
Given
The bracket is made of A36 steel with a Youngs modulus of 30E6 psi and Poissons ratio of
0.27.
27
Approach and Assumptions

Assume plane stress for this analysis. Since the bracket is thin in the z direction (1/2 inch
thickness) compared to its x and y dimensions, and since the pressure load acts only in the x-y
plane, this is a valid assumption.
Your approach is to use solid modeling to generate the 2-D model and automatically mesh it with
nodes and elements.
Build Geometry
1. Define rectangles.
2. Change plot controls and replot.
3. Change working plane to polar and create first circle.
4. Move working plane and create second circle.
5. Add areas.
6. Create line fillet.
7. Create fillet area.
8. Add areas together.
9. Create first pin hole.
10. Move working plane and create second pin hole.
11. Subtract pin holes from bracket.
12. Save the database as model.db.
Define Materials
13. Set Preferences.
14. Define Material Properties.
15. Define element types and options.
16. Define real constants.
Generate Mesh
17. Mesh the area.
Apply Loads
19. Apply displacement constraints.
20. Apply pressure load.
Obtain Solution
21. Solve.
Review Results
22. Enter the general postprocessor and read in the results.
23. Plot the deformed shape.
24. Plot the von Mises equivalent stress.
25. List the reaction solution.
28
Step 1: Define rectangles.

There are several ways to create the model geometry within ANSYS, some more convenient than
others. The first step is to recognize that you can construct the bracket easily with combinations
of rectangles and circle Primitives.
Decide where the origin will be located and then define the rectangle and circle primitives
relative to that origin. The location of the origin is arbitrary. Here, use the center of the upper
left-hand hole. ANSYS does not need to know where the origin is. Simply begin by defining a
rectangle relative to that location. In ANSYS, this origin is called the global origin.
1. Main Menu> Preprocessor> Modeling> Create> Areas> Rectangle> By
Dimensions > Enter the following:
X1 = 0 (Note: Press the Tab key between entries)
X2 = 6
Y1 = -1
Y2 = 1
2. > Apply [to create the first rectangle].

3. Enter the following:
X1 = 4
X2 = 6
Y1 = -1
Y2 = -3
4. OK to create the second rectangle and close the dialog box.
29
Step 2: Change plot controls and replot.

The area plot shows both rectangles, which are areas, in the same color. To more clearly
distinguish between areas, turn on area numbers and colors. The "Plot Numbering Controls"
dialog box on the Utility Menu controls how items are displayed in the Graphics Window. By
default, a "replot" is automatically performed upon execution of the dialog box. The replot
operation will repeat the last plotting operation that occurred (in this case, an area plot).
1. Utility Menu> Plot Ctrls> Numbering
2. Turn on area numbers.
3. OK to change controls, close the dialog box, and replot.
Before going to the next step, save the work you have done so far. ANSYS stores
any input data in memory to the ANSYS database. To save that database to a file, use the
SAVE operation, available as a tool on the Toolbar. ANSYS names the database file using
the format job name .db. If you started ANSYS using the product launcher, you can specify
a job name at that point (the default job name is file). You can check the current job name at
any time by choosing Utility Menu> List> Status> Global Status. You can also save the
database at specific milestone points in the analysis (such as after the model is complete, or
after the model is meshed) by choosing Utility Menu> File> Save As and specifying
different job names (model .db, or mesh.db, etc.).
It is important to do an occasional save so that if you make a mistake, you can
30
restore the model from the last saved state. You restore the model using the RESUME
operation, also available on the Toolbar. (You can also find SAVE and RESUME on the
Utility Menu, under File.)
4. Toolbar: SAVE_DB.\
Step 3: Change working plane to polar and create first circle.
The next step in the model construction is to create the half circle at each end of
the bracket. You will actually create a full circle on each end and then combine the
circles and rectangles with a Boolean "add" operation (discussed in step 5.). To create the
circles, you will use and display the working plane. You could have shown the working
plane as you created the rectangles but it was not necessary.
Before you begin however, first "zoom out" within the Graphics Window so you
can see more of the circles as you create them. You do this using the "Pan-Zoom-Rotate"
dialog box, a convenient graphics control box youll use often in any ANSYS session.
1. Utility Menu> PlotCtrls> Pan, Zoom, Rotate
2. Click on small dot once to zoom out.
3. Close dialog box.
4. Utility Menu> WorkPlane> Display Working Plane (toggle
on)
Notice the working plane origin is immediately

plotted in the Graphics Window. It is indicated by the WX
and WY symbols; right now coincident with the global origin
X and Y symbols. Next you will change the WP type to
polar, change the snap increment, and display the grid.
5. Utility Menu> WorkPlane> WP Settings
31
6. Click on Polar.
7. Click on Grid and Triad.
8. Enter 0.1 for snap increment.
9. OK to define settings and close the dialog box.
10. Main Menu> Preprocessor> Modeling> Create> Areas>

Circle> Solid Circle
Be sure to read prompt before picking.
11. Pick center point at:
WP X = 0 (in Graphics Window shown below)
WP Y = 0
12. Move mouse to radius of 1 and click left button to create
circle.
13. OK to close picking menu.

Note
While you are positioning the cursor for picking, the "dynamic" WP X and Y values are
displayed in the Solid Circular Area dialog box. Also, as an alternative to picking, you can type
these values along with the radius into the dialog box.
Step 4: Move working plane and create second circle.
To create the circle at the other end of the bracket in the same manner, you need to first move the
working plane to the origin of the circle. The simplest way to do this without entering number
offsets is to move the WP to an average keypoint location by picking the keypoints at the bottom
corners of the lower, right rectangle.
1. Utility Menu> WorkPlane> Offset WP to> Keypoints
2. Pick keypoint at lower left corner of rectangle.
32
3. Pick keypoint at lower right of rectangle.
5. Main Menu> Preprocessor> Modeling> Create> Areas> Circle> Solid Circle

WP X = 0
WP Y = 0
7. Move mouse to radius of 1 and click left button to create circle.
Step 5: Add areas.

Now that the appropriate pieces of the model are defined (rectangles and circles), you need to
add them together so the model becomes one continuous piece. You do this with the Boolean add
operation for areas.
1. Main Menu> Preprocessor> Modeling> Operate> Booleans> Add> Areas
33
2. Pick All for all areas to be added.
3. Toolbar: SAVE_DB.
Step 6: Create line fillet.
1. Utility Menu> PlotCtrls> Numbering

2. Turn on line numbering.
3. OK to change controls, close the dialog box, and automatically replot.
34
4. Utility Menu> WorkPlane> Display Working Plane (toggle off)
5. Main Menu> Preprocessor> Modeling> Create> Lines> Line Fillet

6. Pick lines 17 and 8.
7. OK to finish picking lines (in picking menu).

8. Enter .4 as the radius.
9. OK to create line fillet and close the dialog box.
10. Utility Menu> Plot> Lines
35
Step 7: Create fillet area.

1. Utility Menu> PlotCtrls> Pan, Zoom, Rotate
2. Click on Zoom button.
3. Move mouse to fillet region, click left button, move mouse out and click again.
4. Main Menu> Preprocessor> Modeling> Create> Areas> Arbitrary> By

Lines
5. Pick lines 4, 5, and 1.
36
6. OK to create area and close the picking menu.

7. Click on Fit button.
8. Close the Pan, Zoom, Rotate dialog box.
9. Utility Menu> Plot> Areas
Step 8: Add areas together.

1. Main Menu> Preprocessor> Modeling> Operate> Booleans> Add> Areas
37
2. Pick All for all areas to be added.
Step 9: Create first pin hole.
1. Utility Menu> WorkPlane> Display Working Plane (toggle on)

WP X = 0 (in Graphics Window)
WP Y = 0
4. Move mouse to radius of .4 (shown in the picking menu) and click left button to create
circle.
Step 10: Move working plane and create second pin hole.
1. Utility Menu> WorkPlane> Offset WP to> Global Origin
WP X = 0 (in Graphics Window)
WP Y = 0
38
4. Move mouse to radius of .4 (shown in the picking menu) and click left mouse button to
create circle.
6. Utility Menu> WorkPlane> Display Working Plane (toggle off)
7. Utility Menu> Plot> Replot
From this area plot, it appears that one of the pin hole areas is not there. However, it is
there (as indicated by the presence of its lines), you just can't see it in the final display of
the screen. That is because the bracket area is drawn on top of it. An easy way to see all
areas is to plot the lines instead.
8. Utility Menu> Plot> Lines
Step 11: Subtract pin holes from bracket.

1.
2.
3.
4.
Main Menu> Preprocessor> Modeling> Operate> Booleans> Subtract> Areas

Pick bracket as base area from which to subtract.
Apply (in picking menu).
Pick both pin holes as areas to be subtracted.
5. OK to subtract holes and close picking menu.
39
Step 12: Save the database as model.db.

At this point, you will save the database to a named file -- a name that represents the model
before meshing. If you decide to go back and remesh, you'll need to resume this database file.
You will save it as model.db.
1. Utility Menu> File> Save As
2. Enter model.db for the database file name.

3. OK to save and close dialog box.
Define Materials
Step 13: Set preferences.
In preparation for defining materials, you will set preferences so that only materials that pertain
to a structural analysis are available for you to choose.
To set preferences:
1. Main Menu> Preferences
2. Turn on structural filtering. The options may differ from what is shown here
since they depend on the ANSYS product you are using.
3. OK to apply filtering and close the dialog box.

Step 14: Define material properties.
To define material properties for this analysis, there is only one material for the bracket, A36
Steel, with given values for Youngs modulus of elasticity and Poissons ratio.
1. Main Menu> Preprocessor> Material Props> Material models
40
2. Double-click on Structural, Linear, Elastic, Isotropic.

3. Enter 30e6 for EX.
4. Enter .27 for PRXY.
5. OK to define material property set and close the dialog box.
6. Material> Exit
Step 15: Define element types and options.

In any analysis, you need to select from a library of element types and define the appropriate
ones for your analysis.
For this analysis, you will use only one element type, PLANE82, which is a 2-D, quadratic,
structural, higher-order element. The choice of a higher-order element here allows you to have a
coarser mesh than with lower-order elements while still maintaining solution accuracy. Also,
ANSYS will generate some triangle shaped elements in the mesh that would otherwise be
inaccurate if you used lower-order elements (PLANE42). You will need to specify plane stress
with thickness as an option for PLANE82. (You will define the thickness as a real constant in the
next step.)
1. Main Menu> Preprocessor> Element Type> Add/Edit/Delete
41
2. Add an element type.

3. Structural solid family of elements.
4. Choose the 8-node quad (PLANE82).
5. OK to apply the element type and close the dialog box.

6. Options for PLANE82 are to be defined.
7. Choose plane stress with thickness option for element behavior.
8. OK to specify options and close the options dialog box.
9. Close the element type dialog box.
42
Step 16: Define real constants.

For this analysis, since the assumption is plane stress with thickness, you will enter the thickness
as a real constant for PLANE82. To find out more information about PLANE82, you will use the
ANSYS Help System in this step by clicking on a Help button from within a dialog box.
1. Main Menu> Preprocessor> Real Constants> Add/Edit/Delete
2. Add a real constant set.

3. OK for PLANE82.
Before clicking on the Help button in the next step, you should be aware that
the help information may appear in the same window as this tutorial, replacing
the contents of the tutorial. After reading the help information, click on the
Back button to return to this tutorial. If the help information appears in a
separate window from the tutorial, minimize or close the help window after
you read the help information.
4. Help to get help on PLANE82.
5. Hold left mouse button down to scroll through element description.
6. If the help information replaced the tutorial, click on the Back button to return
to the tutorial.
7. Enter .5 for THK.
8. OK to define the real constant and close the dialog box.
43
9. Close the real constant dialog box.
Generate Mesh
Step 17: Mesh the area.
One nice feature of the ANSYS program is that you can automatically mesh the model without
specifying any mesh size controls. This is using what is called a default mesh. If youre not sure
how to determine the mesh density, let ANSYS try it first! Meshing this model with a default
mesh however, generates more elements than are allowed in the ANSYS ED program. Instead
you will specify a global element size to control overall mesh density.
1. Main Menu> Preprocessor> Meshing> Mesh Tool
2. Set Global Size control.

3. Type in 0.5.
4. OK.
5. Choose Area Meshing.
44
6. Click on Mesh.
7. Pick All for the area to be meshed (in picking menu). Close any warning
messages that appear.
8. Close the Mesh Tool.
Note
The mesh you see on your screen may vary slightly from the mesh shown here. As a result of
this, you may see slightly different results during postprocessing. For a discussion of results
accuracy, see Planning Your Approach in the ANSYS Modeling and Meshing Guide.
Step 18: Save the database as mesh.db.
Here again, you will save the database to a named file, this time mesh.db.
1. Utility Menu> File> Save as

2. Enter mesh.db for database file name.
3. OK to save file and close dialog box.
Apply Loads
The beginning of the solution phase.
A new, static analysis is the default, so you will not need to specify analysis type for this
problem. Also, there are no analysis options for this problem.
Step 19: Apply displacement constraints.
You can apply displacement constraints directly to lines.
1. Main Menu> Solution> Define Loads> Apply> Structural> Displacement>
On Lines
45
2. Pick the four lines around left-hand hole (Line numbers 10, 9, 11, 12).
3. OK (in picking menu).

4. Click on All DOF.
5. Enter 0 for zero displacement.
6. OK to apply constraints and close dialog box.
7. Utility Menu> Plot Lines
Step 20: Apply pressure load.
Now apply the tapered pressure load to the bottom, right-hand pin hole. ("Tapered" here means
varying linearly.) Note that when a circle is created in ANSYS, four lines define the perimeter.
Therefore, apply the pressure to two lines making up the lower half of the circle. Since the
pressure tapers from a maximum value (500 psi) at the bottom of the circle to a minimum value
(50 psi) at the sides, apply pressure in two separate steps, with reverse tapering values for each
line.
The ANSYS convention for pressure loading is that a positive load value represents pressure into
the surface (compressive).
1. Main Menu> Solution> Define Loads> Apply> Structural> Pressure> On
Lines
46
2. Pick line defining bottom left p
art of the circle (line 6).
3. Apply.
4. Enter 50 for VALUE.
5. Enter 500 for optional value.
6. Apply.
7. Pick line defining bottom right part of circle (line 7).
8. Apply.
9. Enter 500 for VALUE.
10. Enter 50 for optional value.

47
11. OK.
Obtain Solution
Step 21: Solve.
1. Main Menu> Solution> Solve> Current LS

2. Review the information in the status window, then choose File> Close
(Windows), or Close (X11/Motif), to close the window.
3. OK to begin the solution

4. Choose Yes to any Verify messages that appear.
5. Close the information window when solution is done.
ANSYS stores the results of this one load step problem in the database and in the results file,
Jobname.RST (or Jobname.RTH for thermal, Jobname.RMG for magnetic, and Jobname.RFL for
fluid analyses). The database can actually contain only one set of results at any given time, so in
a multiple load step or multiple substep analysis, ANSYS stores only the final solution in the
database. ANSYS stores all solutions in the results file.
Review Results
The beginning of the postprocessing phase.
Note
The results you see may vary slightly from what is shown here due to variations in the mesh.
Step 22: Enter the general postprocessor and read in the results.
1. Main Menu> General Postproc> Read Results> First Set
Step 23: Plot the deformed shape.
1. Main Menu> General Postproc> Plot Results> Deformed Shape
48
2. Choose Def + undeformed.

3. OK.
You can also produce an animated version of the deformed shape:

4. Utility Menu> Plot Ctrls> Animate> Deformed Shape
5. Choose Def + undeformed.

6. OK.
7. Make choices in the Animation Controller (not shown), if necessary, then

choose Close.
Step 24: Plot the von Mises equivalent stress.
1. Main Menu> General Postproc> Plot Results> Contour Plot> Nodal Solu
2. Choose Stress item to be contoured.

49
3. Scroll down and choose von Mises (SEQV).

4. OK.
You can also produce an animated version of these results:

5. Utility Menu> Plot Ctrls> Animate> Deformed Results
6. Choose Stress item to be contoured.
7. Scroll down and choose von Mises (SEQV).
8. OK.
9. Make choices in the Animation Controller (not shown), if necessary, then
choose Close.
Step 25: List reaction solution.
1. Main Menu> General Postproc> List Results> Reaction Solu
2. OK to list all items and close the dialog box.

3. Scroll down and find the total vertical force, FY.
4. File> Close (Windows), or Close (X11/Motif), to close the window.
The value of 134.61 is comparable to the total pin load force.
RESULT:

Von mises stress =
50
Ex. No. : 05
STRESS ANALYSIS OF AN AXISYMMETRIC TUBE
Date :
AIM:
To determine the displacement and bending stress of a given axisymmetric component
using Finite Element Analysis bases ANSYS structure and view the displacement and bending
stress plots.
The model will be that of a closed tube made from steel. Point loads will be applied at the
Point loads will be applied at the center of the top and bottom plate to make an analytical
verification simple to calculate. A 3/4 cross section view of the tube is shown below
Cross Section of the Beam
51
PROCEDURE:
Preprocessing: Defining the Problem
Utility Menu > File > Change Title>Stress Analysis of Axisymmetric component
ANSYS Main Menu > preferences > turn on Structural
182 > Ok > options > pull down K3 and select Axismmetric.> Ok > close
Isotropic > EX = 200000 and PRXY = 0.3 > Ok
4. Modeling
(a).Create Areas
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Areas > Rectangle > By Dimensions
For an axisymmetric problem, ANSYS will rotate the area around the y-axis at
x=0. Therefore, to create the geometry mentioned above, we must define a Ushape.
Rectangle X1 X2 Y1 Y2
1
0 20 0
15 20 0 100
0 20 95 100
(b) Add Areas Together

Preprocessor > Modeling > Operate > Booleans > Add > Areas > Pick All
5. Define Mesh Size
Preprocessor > Meshing > Size Cntrls > ManualSize > Areas > All Areas > Enter
2
For this example we will use an element edge length of 2mm.
6. Mesh the model
Preprocessor > Meshing > Mesh > Areas > Free > click 'Pick All'
Your model should know look like this:
Solution > Analysis Type > New Analysis > Static
52
a. Solution > Define Loads > Apply > Structural > Displacement > Symmetry B.C.
> On Lines
Pick the two edges on the left, at x=0, as shown below.
b. Solution > Define Loads > Apply > Structural > Displacement > On Nodes >
select two nodes at the mid point of the model as shown below > In the window
pick Apply > select Uy and Enter displacement value = 0 > Ok
9. Apply Loads
a. Solution > Define Loads > Apply > Structural > Force/Moment > On Keypoints
Pick the top left corner of the area and click OK. Apply a load of 100 in the FY
direction.
b. Solution > Define Loads > Apply > Structural > Force/Moment > On Keypoints
Pick the bottom left corner of the area and click OK. Apply a load of -100 in the
FY direction.
The applied loads and constraints should now appear as shown in the
figure below.
53
10. Solve the System

Solution > Solve > Current LS
Postprocessing: Viewing the Results

11. Deflection
> displacement vector sum.> Ok
12. Von mises stress
General Postproc > Plot Results > Contour Plot > Nodal Solu ... > Stress > Von
Mises Stress > Ok
13. Plotting the Elements as Axisymmetric
Utility Menu > PlotCtrls > Style > Symmetry Expansion > 2-D Axi-symmetric...
The following window will appear. By clicking on 3/4 expansion you can
produce the figure shown at the beginning of this tutorial.
54
RESULT:
Von mises stress =
55
Ex. No. : 06
STRESS ANALYSIS OF CANTILEVER BEAM WITH POINT

LOAD AT THE END
Date:
AIM:
To determine the displacement and bending stress of a given Cantilever Beam using
Finite Element Analysis based ANSYS software and also plot shear force and bending moment
diagrams.
PROCEDURE
Utility Menu > File > Change Title>Stress Analysis of Cantilever Beam
Preprocessor > Element Type > Add/Edit/Delete > Add >Beam > 2 node 188> Ok >
Options > pull down K3 select Cubic Form > pull down K7 select All Section points >
pull down K9 select All Section points
Isotropic > Enter EX = 2.068E11 and PRXY = 0.3> Ok
4. Define Section Type
56
Preprocessor > Sections > Beam > Common sections > Pull down Sub- Type in the
window > select square section > Enter B = 0.01 and H = 0.01 > Preview > Ok
5. Modeling
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Key points > In Active CS > Key point number 1 >
X= 0, Y= 0 and Z = 0 > Apply > Key point number 2> X= 1, Y= 0 and Z =0 > Ok
6. Form a Line
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Lines > Lines > Straight Line >pick Key points 1
and 2 > Ok
7. Define Mesh Size
Preprocessor > Meshing > size cntrls > Manual size > Lines > All Lines> Enter No. of
Element divisions = 20 > Ok
8. Mesh the model
Preprocessor > Meshing > Mesh > Lines > Pick All
Preprocessor > Loads > Analysis Type > New Analysis > select Static Ok.
10. Apply Constrain
Preprocessor > Loads > Define loads >Apply > Structural > Displacement > On Key
Points >select left key point 1 > Ok > select All DOF > Enter Displacement Value = 0 >
Ok
11. Apply Loads

Preprocessor > Loads > Define loads >Apply > Structural > Force /Moment > On Key
Points >select right key point 2 > Ok > pull down select FY > Enter Force / Moment
Value = -100 > Ok
57
12. Solving the system

Solution > Solve > Current LS > Ok
VIEWING THE RESULTS
13. Deformation plot
Ok
14. Deflection plot

General Postproc > Plot Results > Contour Plot > nodal Solu > select DOF
Solution > select Displacement Vector sum > Ok
58
15. Stress
General Postproc > List Results > Element Solution > select Stress > select Von
Mises stress > Ok > Close
16. Shear Force Plot

General Postproc > Element Table > Define Table > Add > pull down left side
select By sequence num right side Enter SMISC, 6 > Apply > Again pull down
left side select By sequence num > right side Enter SMISC, 19 > Ok > Close
General Postproc > Plot Results > Contour Plot > Line Elem Res > select LabI
Elem table item at node I SMIS6 > select LabJ Elem table item at node J SMIS19
> Ok
59
17. Bending Moment Plot

select By sequence num right side Enter SMISC, 3> Apply > Again pull down left
side select By sequence num > right side Enter SMISC, 16 > Ok > Close
Elem table item at node I SMIS3> select LabJ Elem table item at node J SMIS16
> Ok
RESULT:
Von Mises Stress =
Shear force =
Maximum bending moment =
60
Ex. No. : 07
STRESS ANALYSIS OF SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM WITH

POINT LOAD AT THE CENTRE
Date:
AIM:
To determine the displacement and bending stress of a given simply supported beam
using Finite Element Analysis based ANSYS software and also plot shear force and bending
moment diagrams.
PROCEDURE
Utility Menu > File > Change Title>Stress Analysis of Stress Analysis of stress analysis
of simply supported beam with point load at the centre
pull down K9 select All Section points > Ok > Close
61
Preprocessor > Beam > Common sections > Pull down Sub- Type in the window >
select square section > Enter B = 0.01 and H = 0.01 > Preview > Ok
5. Modeling
X= 0, Y= 0 and Z = 0 > Apply > Key point number 2> X= 1, Y= 0 and Z Ok
6. Form a Line
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Lines > Lines > Straight Line >using mouse pick
Key points 1 and 2 > Ok
7. Define Mesh Size
8. Mesh the model
10. Apply Constrain
Points >select key points 1 and 2 > Ok > select UX and UY > Enter Displacement Value
= 0 > Ok
11. Apply Loads
62
Preprocessor > Loads > Define loads >Apply > Structural > Force /Moment > On Nodes
>using mouse select Mid point of the line > Ok > pull down select FY > Enter Force /
Moment Value = -100 > Ok

Viewing the Results
Ok
14. Deflection plot

63
15. Stress

select By sequence num > right side Enter SMISC, 6 > Apply > Again pull down
> Ok
64

select By sequence num > right side Enter SMISC, 3 > Apply > Again pull down
> Ok
RESULT:
Von Mises Stress =
Shear force =
65
Ex. No. : 08
STRESS ANALYSIS OF SIMPLY SUPPORTED BEAM WITH

UNIFORMLY DISTRIBUTED LOAD
Date:
AIM:
To determine the displacement and bending stress of a given stress analysis of simply
supported beam with uniformly distributed load using Finite Element Analysis based ANSYS
software and also plot shear force and bending moment diagrams.
PROCEDURE
66
5. Modeling
6. Form a Line
7. Define Mesh Size
8. Mesh the model
10. Apply Constrain
Points >select key points 1and 2 > Ok > select UX and UY > Enter Displacement Value
= 0 > Ok
67
11. Apply Loads

Preprocessor > Loads > Define loads > Apply > Structural > Force / Moment > On
Nodes > using mouse select All the nodes of the line except first and last nodes > Ok >
pull down select FY > Enter Force / Moment Value = - 0.25 > Ok

VIEWING THE RESULTS
68

Ok
14. Deflection plot

69
15. Stress

> Ok
70

> Ok
RESULT:
Von Mises Stress =
Shear force =
71
Ex. No. : 09
STRESS ANALYSIS OF FIXED BEAM WITH POINT LOAD

AT THE CENTRE
Date:
AIM:
To determine the displacement and bending stress of a given stress analysis of fixed beam
with point load at the centre using Finite Element Analysis based ANSYS software and also plot
shear force and bending moment diagrams.
PROCEDURE
72

5. Modeling
6. Form a Line
7. Define Mesh Size
8. Mesh the model
10. Apply Constrain
Points >select key point 1 and 2 > Ok > select All DOF > Enter Displacement Value = 0
> Ok
73
11. Apply Loads

Preprocessor > Loads > Define loads >Apply > Structural > Force /Moment > On Nodes
>using mouse select Mid point of the line > Ok > pull down select FY > Enter Force /
Moment Value = -100 > Ok

Viewing the Results
Ok
74
14. Deflection plot

15. Stress
75

> Ok

> Ok
76
RESULT:
Von Mises Stress =
Shear force =
77
Ex. No. : 10
MODE FREQUENCY ANALYSIS OF CANTILEVER BEAM
Date:
AIM:
To determine first three natural frequencies of Cantilever Beam using Finite
Element Analysis based ANSYS software and also plot three mode shapes.
PROCEDURE
Utility Menu > File > Change Title>Mode Frequency Analysis of Cantilever Beam
Isotropic > Enter EX = 2.068E11 and PRXY = 0.3
Enter Density DENS = 7830 > Ok
78
5. Modeling
6. Form a Line
and 2 > Ok
7. Define Mesh Size
8. Mesh the model
Preprocessor > Loads > Analysis Type > New Analysis > select Modal > Ok.
10. Define Mode Extraction Method
Preprocessor > Loads > Analysis Type > Analysis Options > select Reduced Method >
Enter No. of modes to extract = 3 > No. of modes to expand = 3 > Ok
Enter Frequency range 0 To 2500
Enter No. of modes to print = 3 > Ok
11. Define Master DOFs
Preprocessor > Loads > Master DOFs > User Selected > Define > using mouse select All
nodes except first and last node > Ok > Lab-1 and Lab-2 select UY > Ok
79
12. Apply Constrain

Ok

VIEWING THE RESULTS
14. List First Three Fundamental Frequencies
General Postproc > List Results > Detailed Summary
80
THREE MODE SHAPES

General Postproc > Read Results > First Set > Plot Results > Deformed Shape >
select Def + Undeformed > Ok
General Postproc > Read Results > Next Set > Plot Results > Deformed Shape >
81
RESULT:
First natural frequency =
Second natural frequency =
Third natural frequency =
82
Ex. No. : 11
MODE FREQUENCY ANALYSIS OF SIMPLY SUPPORTED

BEAM
Date:
AIM:
To determine the first three natural frequencies of simply supported Beam using Finite
Element Analysis based ANSYS software and also plot first three mode shapes.
PROCEDURE
Utility Menu > File > Change Title>Mode Frequency Analysis of Simply Supported
Beam
Enter Density DENS = 7830
83
5. Modeling
6. Form a Line
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Lines > Lines > Straight Line > pick Key points 1
and 2 > Ok
7. Define Mesh Size
8. Mesh the model
nodes except first and last node > Ok > Lab-1 select UX and Lab-2 select UY > Ok
84
12. Apply Constrain

Points >select left key point 1 and select right key point 2 > Ok > select UX and UY >
Enter Displacement Value = 0 > Ok

VIEWING THE RESULTS
85
THREE MODE SHAPES

86
RESULT:
87
Ex. No. :12
MODE FREQUENCY ANALYSIS OF FIXED BEAM
Date:
AIM:
To first three natural frequencies of fixed Beam using Finite Element Analysis
based ANSYS software and also plot first three mode shapes.
PROCEDURE
Utility Menu > File > Change Title>Mode Frequency Analysis of Fixed Beam
88
5. Modeling
6. Form a Line
and 2 > Ok
7. Define Mesh Size
8. Mesh the model
nodes except first and last node > Ok > Lab-1 and Lab-2 select UY > Ok
89
12. Apply Constrain

Points >select left key point 1 and right key point 2 > Ok > select All DOF > Enter
Displacement Value = 0 > Ok

VIEWING THE RESULTS
90
THREE MODE SHAPES

91
RESULT:
92
Ex. No. : 13.
HARMONIC ANALYSIS OF A CANTILEVER BEAM
Date:
To perform harmonic analysis of Fixed Beam using Finite Element Analysis

based ANSYS software and also plot Amplitude Vs Frequency graph .
PROCEDURE
Utility Menu > File > Change Title>Mode Frequency Analysis of Fixed Beam
93
5. Modeling
6. Form a Line
and 2 > Ok
7. Define Mesh Size
8. Mesh the model
Preprocessor > Loads > Analysis Type > New Analysis > select Harmonic > Ok.
10. Define Solution Method
Preprocessor > Loads > Analysis Type > Analysis Options > select Full > DOF printout
format select Real + imaginary > Ok
Equation Solver > pull down select Sparse solver > Ok
11. Apply Constrain
Ok
94
12. Apply Loads

Preprocessor > Loads > Define loads >Apply > Structural > Force / Moment > On Key
Points >select right key point 2 > Ok > select FY > Real part of force/mom = 100 and
Imag part of force/mom = 0 > Ok
95
13. Set the frequency range

Solution > Load Step Opts > Time/Frequency > Freq and Substeps > Enter Harmonic
freq range 0 To 100 > Enter Number of substeps = 100 > select Stepped b.c.
VIEWING THE RESULTS
TimeHist Postpro > Time History Variables file .rst window should pop up as shown.
Select Add (the green '+' sign in the upper left corner) from this window and the
following window should appear
96
Nodal Solution > DOF Solution > Y-Component of displacement. Click OK.
Graphically select right key point 2 when prompted and click OK. The 'Time
History Variables' window should now look as follows
2. List Stored Variables

o
In the 'Time History Variables' window click the 'List' button, 3 buttons to the left
of 'Add'
97
The following window will appear listing the data:
3. Plot UY vs. frequency

o
In the 'Time History Variables' window click the 'Plot' button, 2 buttons to the left
of 'Add'
The following graph should be plotted in the main ANSYS window.
Note that we get peaks at frequencies of approximately 8.3 and 51 Hz. This
corresponds with the predicted frequencies of 8.311 and 51.94Hz.
To get a better view of the response, view the log scale of UY.
o
Select Utility Menu > PlotCtrls > Style > Graphs > Modify Axis
98
The following window will appear
As marked by an 'A' in the above window, change the Y-axis scale to

'Logarithmic'
Select Utility Menu > Plot > Replot
You should now see the following
This is the response at node 2 for the cyclic load applied at this node from 0 - 100
Hz.
RESULT:
99
Ex. No. : 14.

Date
THERMAL STRESS ANALYSIS OF A 2D COMPONENT STATIC
AIM:
To determine the thermal stress of a given component using FEA based ANSYS
software.
A steel link, with no internal stresses, is pinned between two solid structures at a
reference temperature of 273 K. One of the solid structures is heated to a temperature of 348 K.
As heat is transferred from the solid structure into the link, the link will attempt to expand.
However, since it is pinned this cannot occur and as such, stress is created in the link. A
steady-state solution of the resulting stress will be found to simplify the analysis.
Loads will not be applied to the link, only a temperature change of 348 K. The link is steel with a
modulus of elasticity of 200 GPa, a thermal conductivity of 60.5 W/m*K and a thermal
expansion coefficient of 12e-6 /K.
Preprocessing: Defining the Problem

Although the geometry must remain constant, the element types can change. For instance,
thermal elements are required for a thermal analysis while structural elements are required to
determine the stress in the link. It is important to note, however that only certain combinations of
elements can be used for a coupled physics analysis. For a listing, see Chapter 2 of the ANSYS
Coupled-Field Guide located in the help file. The process requires the user to create all the
necessary environments, which are basically the preprocessing portions for each environment,
and write them to memory. Then in the solution phase they can be combined to solve the coupled
analysis.
PROCEDURE:
Thermal Environment - Create Geometry and Define Thermal Properties
1. Enter Title
Utility Menu > File > Change Title > Enter Thermal Stress Analysis
2. Open preprocessor menu
ANSYS Main Menu > Preprocessor > Turn on Thermal
3. Define the Type of Element
Preprocessor > Element Type > Add/Edit/Delete > Link > 3D conduction 33 > Ok
> Close
100
4. Define Real Constants

Preprocessor > Real Constants > Add/Edit/Delete > Add > Enter Area = 4e-4 >
Ok > Close
5. Define Element Material Properties
Preprocessor > Material Props > Material Models > Thermal > Conductivity >
Isotropic > KXX = 60.5
6. Modeling - Define Keypoints
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Keypoints > In Active CS > Key point
number 1, X=0, Y=0 and Z=0 > Apply
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Keypoints > In Active CS > Key point
number 2, X=1, Y=0 and Z=0 > Ok
7. Create Lines
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Lines > Lines > Straight Line > pick Key
point number 1 and 2 > Ok
8. Define Mesh Size
Preprocessor > Meshing > Size Cntrls > ManualSize > Lines > All Lines > Enter
No. of element divisions = 20
9. Mesh the frame
Preprocessor > Meshing > Mesh > Lines > click 'Pick All'
10. Write Environment
(The thermal environment (the geometry and thermal properties) is now fully
described and can be written to memory to be used at a later time).
Preprocessor > Physics > Environment > Write
In the window that appears, enter the TITLE Thermal and click OK.
11. Clear Environment

Preprocessor > Physics > Environment > Clear > OK
(Doing this clears all the information prescribed for the geometry, such as the
element type, material properties, etc. It does not clear the geometry however, so
it can be used in the next stage, which is defining the structural environment).
101
Structural Environment - Define Physical Properties

Since the geometry of the problem has already been defined in the previous steps,
all that is required is to detail the structural variables.
12. Switch Element Type
Preprocessor > Element Type > Switch Elem Type > Choose Thermal to Struc
from the scroll down list. > Close
(This will switch to the complimentary structural element automatically. In this
case it is LINK 8. For more information on this element, see the help file. A
warning saying you should modify the new element as necessary will pop up. In
this case, only the material properties need to be modified as the geometry is
staying the same).
13. Define Element Material Properties
Preprocessor > Material Props > Material Models > Structural > Linear > Elastic
> Isotropic > EX = 200e9 and PRXY = 0.3
Preprocessor > Material Props > Material Models > Structural > Thermal
Expansion > Secant Coefficient > Isotropic > ALPX = 12e-6 > Ok > Close
14. Write Environment
The structural environment is now fully described.
Preprocessor > Physics > Environment > Write
In the window that appears, enter the TITLE Struct
Solution > Analysis Type > New Analysis > select Static > Ok
16. Read in the Thermal Environment
Solution > Unabridged Menu > Physics > Environment > Read > Choose
Thermal and click OK.
(If the Physics option is not available under Solution, click Unabridged Menu at the
bottom of the Solution menu. This should make it visible).
102

Solution > Define Loads > Apply > Thermal > Temperature > On Key points >
select Keypoint 1> Ok > select TEMP > Enter TEMP value = 348 > Ok
19. Close the Solution Menu
Main Menu > Finish
(It is very important to click Finish as it closes that environment and allows a new
one to be opened without contamination. If this is not done, you will get error
messages).
20. Plot Temperature
General Postproc > Plot Results > Contour Plot > Nodal Solu > DOF solution >
Nodal Temperature > Ok
(The thermal solution has now been obtained. If you plot the steady-state temperature on
the link, you will see it is a uniform 348 K, as expected. This information is saved in a
file labelled Jobname.rth, were .rth is the thermal results file. Since the jobname wasn't
changed at the beginning of the analysis, this data can be found as file.rth. We will use
these results in determing the structural effects).
21. Read in the Structural Environment
Solution > Physics > Environment > Read > Choose struct and click OK.
Solution > Define Loads > Apply > Structural > Displacement > On Key points >
select Key point 1 > Ok > select All DOF > Enter displacement value = 0 > Ok
Solution > Define Loads > Apply > Structural > Displacement > On Key points >
select Key point 2 > Ok > select UX > Enter displacement value = 0 > Ok
103
23. Include Thermal Effects

Solution > Define Loads > Apply > Structural > Temperature > From Therm
Analy
(As shown below, enter the file name as file.rth. This couples the results from
the solution of the thermal environment to the information prescribed in the
structural environment and uses it during the analysis).
24. Define Reference Temperature

Preprocessor > Loads > Define Loads > Settings > Enter Reference Temp = 273 >
Ok

1. Get Stress Data
Since the element is only a line, the stress can't be listed in the normal way.
Instead, an element table must be created first.
General Postproc > Element Table > Define Table > Add
Fill in the window as shown below.
104
2. List the Stress Data

General Postproc > Element Table > List Elem Table > COMPSTR > OK
The following list should appear. Note the stress in each element: -0.180e9 Pa, or 180
MPa in compression as expected.
RESULT:
Thermal stress =
105
Ex. No. :15
CONDUCTIVE HEAT TRANSFER ANALYSIS OF A 2D COMPONENT
Date:
AIM:
To perform conductive heat transfer analysis of a given 2D component using FEA based
ANSYS software and plot temperature distribution.
PROCEDURE:
The Simple Conduction Example is constrained as shown in the following figure. Thermal
conductivity (k) of the material is 10 W/m*C and the block is assumed to be infinitely long.

File > clear and start new> do not read file >ok> yes
File > change title> conductive 2D thermal analysis
ANSYS Main Menu > preferences > turn on thermal
Preprocessor > Element Type > Add/Edit/Delete... > click 'Add' > Select Thermal Mass
Solid > Quad 4Node 55
3. Element Material Properties
106
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Preprocessor > Material Props > Material Models > Thermal > Conductivity > Isotropic
> KXX = 10 (Thermal conductivity)
Modeling
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Areas > Rectangle > By 2 Corners > X=0, Y=0,
Width=1, Height=1
After modeling is done save the model on a new folder
Mesh Size
Preprocessor > Meshing > Size Cntrls > Manual Size > Areas > All Areas > 0.05
Mesh
After meshing is done save the meshed model on a previous new folder
Ansys utility menu > plot controls > write metafile > invert white/black > Save

Solution > Analysis Type > New Analysis > Steady-State > ok
For thermal problems, constraints can be in the form of Temperature, Heat Flow,
Convection, Heat Flux, Heat Generation, or Radiation. In this example, all 4 sides of the
block have fixed temperatures.
Solution > Define Loads > Apply > Thermal > Temperature > On lines > using cursor
select top horizontal line > ok
The following window will appear:
Fill the window in as shown to constrain the side to a constant temperature of 500
Solution > Define Loads > Apply > Thermal > Temperature > On lines > using cursor
select bottom horizontal line , left vertical line and right vertical line > ok
107
Fill the window in as shown to constrain the side to a constant temperature of 100
Orange triangles in the graphics window indicate the temperature contraints.
11. After boundary condition and loading is done save the same on a previous new folder
Solution > Solve > Current LS
1. Results Using ANSYS
Plot Temperature
Temperature TEMP
13. Save the same on a previous new folder

14. Ansys utility menu > plot controls > animate > deformed results > dof solution > nodal
temp
RESULT:
108
Ex. No. : 16 CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER ANALYSIS OF A 2D COMPONENT

Date :
AIM:
To perform convective heat transfer analysis of a given 2D component using FEA based
ANSYS software and plot temperature distribution.
PEROCEDURE:

File > clear and start new > do not read file > ok > yes
File > change title> convective 2D thermal analysis
ANSYS Main Menu > preferences > turn on thermal
Preprocessor > Element Type > Add/Edit/Delete... > click 'Add' > Select Thermal Mass
Solid > Quad 4Node 55
3. Element Material Properties
Preprocessor > Material Props > Material Models > Thermal > Conductivity > Isotropic
> KXX = 10 (Thermal conductivity)
4. Modeling
109
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Areas > Rectangle > By 2 Corners > X=0, Y=0,
Width=1, Height=1
5. After modeling is done save the model on a new folder
6. Mesh Size
Preprocessor > Meshing > Size Cntrls > Manual Size > Areas > All Areas > 0.05
7. Mesh
8. After meshing is done save the meshed model on a previous new folder
Loads > Analysis Type > New Analysis > Steady-State > ok
10. Apply Conduction Constraints
In this example, all 2 sides of the block have fixed temperatures, while convection occurs
on the other 2 sides.
1. Solution > Define Loads > Apply > Thermal > Temperature > On Lines
2. Select the top line of the block and constrain it to a constant value of 500
3. Using the same method, constrain the left vertical line of the block to a constant
value of 100
11. Apply Convection Boundary Conditions
1. Solution > Define Loads > Apply > Thermal > Convection > On Lines
2. Select the right vertical line of the block.
110
3. Fill in the window as shown. This will specify a convection of 10 W/m2*C and an
ambient temperature of 100 degrees Celcius. Note that VALJ and VAL2J have
been left blank. This is because we have uniform convection across the line.
12. Apply Insulated Boundary Conditions
1. Solution > Define Loads > Apply > Thermal > Convection > On Lines
2. Select the bottom line of the block.
3. Enter a constant Film coefficient (VALI) of 0. This will eliminate convection
through the side, thereby modeling an insulated wall. Note: you do not need to
enter a Bulk (or ambient) temperature.You should obtain the following:
13. After
boundary condition and loading is
done save the same on a previous new folder
Solution > Solve > Current LS > Ok > Close
Plot Temperature
Temperature TEMP
15. save the same on a previous new folder

16. Animate The Nodal Temperature
Ansys utility menu > plot controls > animate > deformed results > dof solution
> nodal temp
RESULT:
111
Ex. No. : 17
ANALYSIS OF FLUID FLOW OVER A HOLE
Date:
AIM:
To perform fluid flow analysis of a given 2D component using FEA based ANSYS
software and plot velocity distribution and pressure distribution.
PROCEDURE
File > clear and start new > do not read file > ok > yes
File > change title> Fluid Flow Analysis
ANSYS Main Menu > preferences > turn on FLOTRAN CFD
Preprocessor > Element Type > Add/Edit/Delete > Add > select 2D FLOTRAN 141 > Ok
3. Modeling
(A).Draw the rectangle
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Areas > Rectangle > By 2 Corners > WP X=0, WP
Y=0, Width=2, Height=1
(B). Draw the circle
Preprocessor > Modeling > Create > Areas > Circle > Solid Circle > WP X= 1 WP
Y=0.5, and Radius = 0.2
112
(C).Numbering Areas
Utility Menu >plot controls > Numbering> pick Areas
(D).Subtraction
Now we want to subtract the circle (2) from the rectangle (1).
Modeling > Operate > Booleans > Subtract > Areas > Enter 1 > ok> Enter 2 > ok
4. Mesh Size
Preprocessor > Meshing > Mesh Tool > Close
5. Mesh
6. Apply Loads
Preprocessor > Loads > Define Loads > Apply > Fluid /CFD > Velocity > On
Lines > pick the left edge of the plate > Ok > Enter VX = 1 > Ok
Preprocessor > Loads > Define Loads > Apply > Fluid /CFD > Velocity > On
Lines > pick edges around the circle > Ok Enter VX = 0 and Enter VY = 0 > Ok
Preprocessor > Loads > Define Loads > Apply > Fluid /CFD > Pressure DOF >
On Lines > pick the top, bottom and right edges of the plate > Ok > Ok
7. Solution
Solution > FLOTRAN CFD Set Up > Fluid Properties > a dialog box appears in
that select against density as Liquid and against Viscosity as Liquid > Ok
113
Then another dialog box appears in that Enter the value of Density (Nominal
value) = 1000 and Viscosity (Nominal value) = 0.001 > Ok
Solution > FLOTRAN CFD Set Up > Execution Ctrl > A dialog box appears in
that Enter in the first row Global Iterations = 200 > Ok
Solution > Run FLOTRAN > Close
VIEWING THE RESULTS

8. Velocity Distribution
General Postproc > Read Results > Last Set
General Postproc > Plot Results > Contour Plot > Nodal Solution > Select DOF
solution > select Fluid Velocity > Ok
9. Velocity Vector Plot

General Postproc > Plot Results > Contour Plot > Vector Plot >Predefined
114
10. Pressure Distribution

General Postproc > Plot Results > Contour Plot > Nodal Solution > Select DOF
solution > select Pressure > Ok
RESULT:
115

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Sl.No.

Title of the Exercise

Stress analysis of a plate with a circular hole.

Stress analysis of simple bracket.

Stress analysis of simple rectangular L bracket

Stress analysis of rectangular L bracket

Stress analysis of an Axi-symmetric component.

Stress analysis of Cantilever beam with point load at the end

Stress analysis of Fixed beam with point load at the center

Mode frequency analysis of Cantilever beam.

Mode frequency analysis of Simply supported beam.

Mode frequency analysis of Fixed beam.

Harmonic analysis of a 2D component

Thermal stress analysis of a 2D component static

Conductive heat transfer analysis of a 2D component

Convective heat transfer analysis of a 2D component

Analysis of Fluid Flow over a cylinder

STRESS ANALYSIS OF A PLATE WITH A CIRCULAR HOLE

ANSYS Main Menu > preferences > turn on Structural > Ok

2. Define Type of element

3. Define Real constants

4. Define Material Properties

b. Create the circle

You should now have the following model:

7. Mesh the model

Solution Phase: Assigning Loads and Solving

Fill in the window as shown below.

4. Solving the System

STRESS ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE BRACKET

4. Define Material Properties

g. Create the Bolt Holes

6. After Modeling is done save the model in a new folder

12. Apply Loads

13. Solving the System

15. Von Mises Stress

Displacement vector sum =

Von mises stress =

Ex. No. : 03.

STRESS ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE RECTANGULAR L - BRACKET

Step 1: Set the analysis title

Step 3: Define the element types

Change plot controls and replot

Utility Menu > Plot > Area

Subtract pin holes from bracket

Step 7: Apply Boundary conditions and loads

Von Mises Stresses

Displacement vector sum =

Von mises stress =

Ex. No. :04.

STRESS ANALYSIS OF RECTANGULAR L - BRACKET

Approach and Assumptions

Step 1: Define rectangles.

2. > Apply [to create the first rectangle].

4. OK to create the second rectangle and close the dialog box.

Step 2: Change plot controls and replot.

3. OK to change controls, close the dialog box, and replot.

Step 3: Change working plane to polar and create first circle.

Notice the working plane origin is immediately

10. Main Menu> Preprocessor> Modeling> Create> Areas>

13. OK to close picking menu.

3. Pick keypoint at lower right of rectangle.

4. OK to close picking menu.

5. Main Menu> Preprocessor> Modeling> Create> Areas> Circle> Solid Circle

Step 5: Add areas.