FIRST AID

Group :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Rahayu Windasari
Fajar Ramdani
Tio Saputro
Abdu Robbi
Andika Rendra
Miftah Paradise

1. Definition
is the emergency aid or treatment given immediately to an injured person
while awaiting professional medical assistance. It includes emergency
treatment, maintenance of records, dressing of minor injuries, recognition
and reporting of health hazards and participation in safety programs.
2. Purpose
People at work can be injured or become ill. When this happens it is
important they receive appropriate medical attention. The main purpose of
first aid is to minimize injury, preserve vitality and resistance to infection, and
prevent further injury or future disability. In serious cases, first aid may be
necessary to keep the victim alive.
3. Safety Equipment
The first aid supplies and services need to be accessible during all work
hours. First aid supplies and the location or telephone number of the first aid
attendant must be posted throughout the worksite, on easily visible signs.
Reasonable time for accessing a first aid kit should be used as a rule-ofthumb to estimate if the location of the kit is adequate.
The first aid kit must be readily accessible in case of emergency and the
location signed so as to be clearly visible to all concerned. It should be
located not more than 100 metres from any workplace and not more than
one storey above or below the floor level of the workplace.
First aid kits in all workplaces should be portable or mounted in such a way as
to allow them to be removed and carried to an injured person.
The name and work location of the person or persons in charge of the first aid
kit should be clearly marked on or next to the kit.
The first aid kit container should:
be constructed of impervious material, be dustproof and of sufficient size to
adequately house the contents prescribed, preferably with separate internal
compartments

 be capable of being sealed and be fitted with a carrying handle; it should

never be locked
be marked on the outside with a sign coloured white on green with the
words "FIRST AID"
have attached to the inside of the lid the first aid items listed in Section
12.8, emergency telephone numbers and the phone number and location of
the nearest first aid officer and
be kept clean.
first aid kits in their workplace are accessible and kept stocked in
accordance with
first aid kit contents are replenished as soon as practicable after use
the contents of the kit have not deteriorated
the use by date of contents has not expired
first aid officers facilitate the use of the kit when required
first aid rooms are kept in good condition
contaminated items are disposed of safely and
soiled linen is laundered promptly.

4. Examples of accident
Here are a few examples where basic first aid knowledge might enable you to
help someone until medical care is available.
Bleeding wounds: Applying firm pressure with a pad or bandage will
stop bleeding from most wounds. Wherever possible, avoid coming into
direct contact with blood spills. Occasionally the bleeding can be from
an artery, squirting with every pulse. Quite marked blood loss can
occur quickly and much firmer pressure is required. If arterial bleeding
is from an arm or leg, applying a tourniquet can be lifesaving; in an
emergency any old rag or tie can be used to stop until medical help
arrives.

Nosebleeds: Most nosebleeds come from blood vessels on the front

part of the dividing wall that separates the nasal passages. The
bleeding usually stops quickly if the soft end-bit of the nose is firmly
squeezed between the thumb and index finger. If the bleeding does not
stop after 10 minutes or so it is better to see your doctor or go to
casualty, in case further treatment is required.
Burns: Put the burnt part straight under a cold running tap for several
minutes. This can reduce the amount of swelling and skin damage.
There is no need to apply creams or bandages initially; if the burn
looks significant go to the local doctor or casualty. When clothing
catches on fire the person should stop, drop to the ground and be
rolled in a blanket or something similar to put out the flames. It is likely
that an ambulance will be required to take the person to hospital.
Bites: Usually beestings and wasp stings just need cold compresses
and analgesics. If a bee's stinger is still be in the skin, lever or scrape it
off without squeezing the sac. If there has been a lot of local pain or
swelling, antihistamines can help. Rarely, a serious allergic reaction to
beestings can occur; this may be a medical emergency requiring
resuscitation and emergency transport to hospital. Spider bites in
Victoria are usually managed like wasp stings initially. However, quite
marked local skin damage may follow certain bites.
Sudden collapse: Most people's worst fear is to be thrown into a
situation where a family member falls to the ground and becomes
unconscious, appearing not to breathe. This is an emergency where
CPR ( cardiopulmonary resuscitation ) may be required while waiting
for an ambulance to arrive. It is important to know how to quickly
check for a pulse and then immediately work through A for Airway, B
for breathing and C for circulation. It is not really a technique that can
be learnt from a book. It is far better to actually do a first aid course
and become very proficient at CPR.
Car accidents: The number one rule here is to make sure that further
accidents and injuries are not caused by those trying to help. Warning
traffic from all directions is vitally important. If there is any sign of
injuries, make sure that the ambulance and police are immediately
notified. If there is any possibility of neck or spinal injury, take special
care not to move the person's neck or back; permanent spinal damage
may result.