ORAL PRESENTATIONS

Venue: INSTITUTE OF FRONTIER TECHNOLOGY

Theme: SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF
NANOPARTICLES (SC)
S.No.
1.

Code

TITLE AND DETAILS

SCOP-1

SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL 7-FLUORO-3-SUBSTITUTED-1,2,4TRIAZOLO[3,4-B]BENZOTHIAZOLES

CAPPED
SILVER
NANOPARTICLES (FTB-AgNPs) AS ANTIFUNGAL AGENT
Anjali Sidhu, Sharu Kukreja, Alpharaj Mekapogu, Vineet Kumar

2.

SCOP-2

SILVER NANOPARTICLES CAPPED WITH TRIAZOL-2YLDITHIOCARBAMATES AS POTENTIAL ANTIFUNGALS

Khushbu Gumber, Anjali Sidhu, Alpharaj Mekapogu, Vineet Kumar

3.

SCOP-3

PHYTOGENIC SYNTHESIS OF ZINC NANOPARTICLES FROM

LEAVES EXTRACTS AND INFLUENCE ON
SOIL EXOENZYME ACTIVITY AND GROWTH OF PEANUT PLANTS
Sri Sindhura K, Prasad TNVKV, Panneer Selvam P and Hussain OM

4.

SCOP-4

STUDY ON EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND DURATION ON

SIZE OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES
Rajendran D, Partha Sarathi Swain, Rao SBN

5.

SCOP-5

EMERGING TRENDS IN SYNTHESIS OF CONTROLLED

RELEASE FERTILIZERS
Madhavi V, Anna Tanuja Safala B, Rajitha B, Venkanna M and
Ramesh T

6.

SCOP-6

EFFECT OF NANO-CRYSTALLITE SIZE AND Li+ ION ON

STRUCTURAL
AND
FERROELECTRIC
STUDIES
OF
POLYCRYSTALLINE SBNN CERAMICS
FOR DEVICE
APPLICATIONS
Viswarupachary P, Venkata Rao Chowdhary Ch and Chandra Mouli

7.

SCOP-7

GREEN SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING

PIMPINELLA TIRUPATIENSIS BAL & SUBR AND THEIR
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
Vipranarayana S, Prasad TNVKV, Madhavi V, Damodharam T

8.

SCOP-8

BIOSYNTHESIS
OF
ZINC
NANOPARTICALS
ASPERGILLUS AS ZINC NANOFERTILIZER

BY

Savalgi VP
9.

SCOP-9

SYNTHESIS OF NANOPARTICLES USING MICROBES

Shaheda Nasreen S, Patibanda AK, Sarada Jayalakshmi Devi R,
Khayum AS, Ranga Rani A, Sunil Kumar Y, Chandra Sekhar Y

10.

SCOP-10

GREEN SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES AND

THEIR APPLICATIONS IN CANCER THERAPY
Sreekanth TVM and In-Yong Eom

11.

SCOP-11

GREEN SYNTHESIS OF NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR USE

AGAINST PLANT PATHOGENS
Nargund VB, Chikkanna Swamy, Madhu S. Giri, Jayalakshmi K,
Hulagappa and Pradeep Manyam

12.

SCOP-12

EXTRACTION OF NATURAL NANOSCALE CLAY PARTICLES

FROM RED SOILS AND THEIR CHARACTERIZATION
Prasad TNVKV, Reddy PVRM, Nagamadhuri KV and
Giridharakrishna T

Venue: INSTITUTE OF FRONTIER TECHNOLOGY

Theme: NANOTECHNOLOGY: AGRICULTURE AND
HORTICULTURE (NA)
S.No.
1.

Code
NAOP-1

TITLE AND DETAILS

NANO-HERBICIDE TO EXHAUST THE WEED SEED BANK
Akshata S Patil, Roopadevi and Vinod S Sankari

2.

NAOP-2

BIOSENSOR AND AGRICULTURE IN NANOTECHNOLOGY

Vinod S Sankari, Akshata S Patil and Roopadevi

3.

NAOP-3

EFFICACY OF NANO ZINC OXIDE SEED PRIMING IN RADISH

Hajira Khanm, Rameshraddy, Muktha J, Basava Rajeshwari, Shankar AG

4.

NAOP-4

BREAKING DORMANCY IN THE TUBERS OF THE WORLDS

WORST WEED THE CYPERUS ROTUNDUS BY IRON
NANOPARTICLES
Viji N and Chinnamuthu CR

5.

NAOP-5

IMPACT OF NANO PARTICLES ON SELECTED CROP

Sahaja Deva

6.

NAOP-6

NANOSTRUCTURAL BASIS OF FOOD PRODUCT QUALITY

2

Vinod S Sankari, Roopadevi and Akshata S Patil

7.

NAOP-7

NANOAGRICULTURAL MECHANIZATION
Roopadevi, Akshata S Patil and Vinod S Sankari

8.

NAOP-8

FOOD
PATHOGEN
BIOTECHNOLOGY

DETECTION

BY

USING

NANO-

Roopadevi, Vinod S Sankari and Akshata S Patil

9.

NAOP-9

NANOTECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN

IMPROVEMENT

CROP

Jhansi Rani P, Satyanarayana PV , Lal Ahamed M and Chamundeswari N

10.

NAOP-10

ROLE
OF
NANOTECHNOLOGY
AGRICULTURE

IN

SUSTAINABLE

Naseeruddin R, Prasad TNVKV and Sumathi V

11.

NAOP-11

NANO HERBICIDES- A SMART WAY OF NANO TECHNOLOGY

FOR ERADICATION OF WEEDS
Shobha Rani P and Prathima T

12.

NAOP-12

NANOTECHNOLOGY: A POTENTIAL TOOL IN SPICE, AROMATIC

AND DRUG INDUSTRY
Surya Kumari S, Giridhar K and Naram Naidu L

13.

NAOP-13

FORTIFICATION AND MODIFICATION IN AGRICULTURE

THROUGH NANOTECHNOLOGY
Sharath Kumar Reddy Y, Eswara Reddy G, Nagendra Reddy B, Deepthi
kiran Y

14.

NAOP-14

IMPACT OF NANO ZnO SPRAY IN INFLUENCING THE

GROWTH AND BIOMASS PRODUCTION OF BRASSICA CROPS
Satisha GC, Prasad TNVKV, Bharathi K, Shruthi TS, Mazhar Jamil and
Ganeshamurthy AN

15.

NAOP-15

ADULTERANT,
MYCOTOXIN
AND
BIO-CONTAMINANT
DETECTION IN SPICES: RELEVANCE OF NANO-TECHNOLOGY
Giridhar K, Surya Kumari S and Naram Naidu L

16.

NAOP-16

NANOTECHNOLOGY-APPLICATION IN CROP IMPROVEMENT

Hemalatha V, Dilip Babu J, RVSK Reddy and Rajasekhar M

17.

NAOP-17

BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF MGO NANOPARTICLES ON MUNG

BEAN (VIGNA RADIATA L.) PLANT GROWTH PARAMETERS
Siva Kumari B, Jayarambabu N, Venkateswara Rao K, Prabhu YT

18.

NAOP-18

EFFECT OF NANO ZNO PARTICLES ON GERMINATION AND

SEEDLING VIGOUR IN RABI SORGHUM

Poornima R and Koti RV
19.

NAOP-19

THE ROLE OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN HORTICULTURAL

CROPS
Koteswara Rao G, Ashok P and Sasikala K

20.

NAOP-20

EFFECT OF TIME OF APPLICATION AND CONCENTRATION

NANO ZINC SULPHIDE (ZnS) ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF
SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.)
Dharam Singh Meena, Aravinda Kumar BN and Savalgi VP

21.

NAOP-21

NANONEPHROLOGY:A NOVEL TOOL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY

Saisruthi K and Sreedevi A

22.

NAOP-22

NANOPESTICIDES FOR ENHANCED EFFICACY AND GREENER

ENVIRONMENT
Pinnamaneni Rajasekhar and Potineni Kalidas

23.

NAOP-23

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN PLANT DISEASE DIAGNOSIS AND

MANAGEMENT
Santoshreddy Machenahalli, Nargund, VB and Madhu S Giri

24.

NAOP-24

AN OVERVIEW OF NANOTECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS IN

AGRONOMY
Srinivasulu DV, Prabhakara Reddy G, Nagarjuna V and Prajapati P

25.

NAOP-25

EFFICIENCY OF NANOFERTILIZERS IN AGRICULTURE

Vakada Manasa, Chaitra SP, Hebsur NS, Hebbara M and NargundVB

26.

NAOP-26

NANOTECHNOLOGY: A POTENTIAL TOOL IN SPICE, AROMATIC

AND DRUG INDUSTRY
Surya Kumari S, Giridhar K and Naram Naidu L

27.

NAOP-27

POTENTIAL
BENEFITS
AGRICULTURE

OF

NANOTECHNOLOGY

IN

Nagamani C and Deepthi Kiran Y

28.

NAOP-28

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN AGRI-FOOD PRODUCTION

Reshma A, Parlapalli Sharmila and Bhagavatha Priya T

29.

NAOP-29

APPLICATIONS OF NANO-SENSORS IN PRECISION FARMING

Parlapalli Sharmila, Kadiri mohan, Amasa Reshma

30.

NAOP-30

ROLE OF AGRINANO TECHNOLOGY FOR SECOND GREEN

REVOLUTION
Parlapalli Sharmila, Kadiri mohan, Amasa Reshma
4

31.

NAOP-31

ROLE OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
ANIMAL SCIENCES

IN

AGRICULTURE

AND

Sukumar K, Swapna G, Kumar G, Udaya Bhanu K, Praveen Kumar Y,

PedaBabu B, Kaladhar Babu K and Raghu B
32.

NAOP-32

ASSESSMENT
OF
NANOTECHNOLOGY

PLANT

DISEASE

THROUGH

Somashekhargouda Patil and Poornima R

33.

NAOP-33

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURE
Sasikala K and Ashok P

34.

NAOP-34

NANOTECHNOLOGY ROLE IN HORTICULTURE

Majjiga Komala

35.

NAOP-35

SCOPE OF NANO TECHNOLOGY IN PATHOGEN CONTROL

Jyosthna MK, Chaithanya BH, Naga Lakshmi T, Khayum Ahmmed S, Anil
Kumar P, Sarada Jayalakshmi Devi R.

36.

NAOP-36

AN
OVERVIEW
OF
NANOTECHNOLOGY
ACTIVITES IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR

RESEARCH

Vijay Kumar Naik D , Sarada Jayalakshmi Devi R, Reddy BVB

37.

NAOP-37

INSECTS AND NANOSCIENCE: AN INTIMACY

Naveena NL, Saroja S and Ranganath HR

38.

NAOP-38

POTENTIALS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
ENVIRONMENT AGRICULTURE

IN

CONTROLLED

Basavesha, KN, Poornima R Noor Nawaz AS and Jagadeesh YDK

39.

NAOP-39

NANOTECHNOLOGY: SECOND GREEN REVOLUTION IN INDIA

Sasikala K and Ashok P

40.

NAOP-40

NANOCOMPOSITES - FUTURE PERSPECTIVE OF NANOTECHNOLOGY

Sreedevi A and Prasanthi D

41.

NAOP-41

FUNGICIDAL ACTION OF THE MYCOGENIC SILVER

NANOPARTICLES AGAINST ASPERGILLUS NIGER INCITING
COLLAR ROT DISEASE IN GROUNDNUT.
Bhaskar B, Khayum Ahammed S, Sarada Jayalakshmi Devi R and Prasad
TNVKV

42.

NAOP-42

EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT OF FRUIT PESTS BY PHEROMONE

NANOGELS
Jahnavi M, Ramakrishna Rao A, Venkateshwarulu NC, Devaki K

Venue: INSTITUTE OF FRONTIER TECHNOLOGY

Theme: SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE (SA)
S.No.
1.

Code

TITLE AND DETAILS

SAOP-1

FUTURE PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES OF SUGARCANE

AS AN ENERGY CROP
Rana DP Singh, Abhishek Kumar Singh, Singh RK, Singh J, Tripathi
RD, Raj SK, Jagdish Prasad and Upendra K Singh

2.

SAOP-2

EVALUATION OF DIVERSE PIGEONPEA (CAJANUS CAJAN L.

MILLSP.) GERMPLASM LINES FOR HIGH PHOSPHOROUS
UPTAKE THROUGH ACID PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY
Manikanta S, Aftab Hussain

3.

SAOP-3

SELECTION CRITERIA FOR ENHANCING THE YIELD IN MAIZE

UNDER WATER STRESS CONDITIONSGovind Narayan*, Singh
HC and Khan MA Email- govindnarayan94@gmail.com

4.

SAOP-4

SURVEY AND PREVALENCE OF ASPERISPORIUM CARICAE,

INCITANT OF BLACK LEAF SPOT OF PAPAYA AND
EVALUATION OF CERTAIN NEW FUNGICIDAL
Reddi Kumar M, Giridhara Krishna T and Raja Reddy K

5.

SAOP-5

YIELD AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE IN SWEET SORGHUM AS

INFLUENCED BY MAJOR NUTRIENTS
Ganga Devi M, SRIDHAR V, Munidra Naidu SM and Naidu MVS

6.

SAOP-6

DETERMINATION OF POTASSIUM SUPPLYING POWER OF

RICE GROWING SOILS OF KURNOOL DISTRICT, A.P BY
NEUBAUERS SEEDLING METHOD
Siva Prasad PN, Kavitha P, Sreenivasa Chari M and Srinivasa
Reddy M

7.

SAOP-7

ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS FOR YIELD AND YIELD

ATTRIBUTING TRAITS IN GREENGRAM [Vigna radiata (L.)
Narasimhulu R, Naidu NV, Reddy KHP, Rajan CPD and Mohan
Naidu G

8.

SAOP-8

EVALUATION OF MEDIUM DURATION PEARL MILLET

HYBRIDS FOR ECONOMIC TRAITS
Madhavilatha L and Subba Rao M

9.

SAOP-9

EVALUATION OF THE EARLY CLONES FOR CANE YIELD

6

AND JUICE QUALITY PARAMETERS IN

RATOON CROPS OF SOUTHERNZONE, A.P

PLANT AND

Sabitha N, Hemanth Kumar M, Subba Rao M, Sarala NV, Vajantha

B, and Hemalatha T
10.

SAOP-10

SOIL FERTILITY STATUS, YIELD, QUALITY OF SUGARCANE

AND JAGGERY AS INFLUENCED BY ORGANIC MANURES
AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS
Vajantha B, Sarala NV, Hemanth Kumar M and Subba Rao M

11.

SAOP-11

GENETIC DIVERGENCE STUDIES

PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS IN BAJRA

FOR

YIELD

AND

Ravi S, Subba Rao M, Reddi sekhar M, Sudhakar P and Madhavi

latha L
12.

SAOP-12

PROTEIN NETWORK ANALYSIS TO IDENTIFY COMMON

DRUG TARGETS AGAINST BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT AND
BACTERIAL LEAF STREAK PATHOGENS OF RICE
Hemanth Kumar M, Umamaheswari A, Sivakrishna V and Sudheer
Kumar K

13.

SAOP-13

STUDIES ON COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROSIS FOR

YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN GROUNDNUT (ARACHIS
HYPOGAEA L.)
Trivikrama Reddy A and Reddisekhar M

14.

SAOP-14

SEQUENCE DIVERSITY OF MUNGBEAN YELLOW MOSAIC

INDIA
VIRUS INFECTING
BLACKGRAM IN ANDHRA
PRADESH.
Bhaskara Reddy BV, Obaiah S, Prasanthi L, Shareef M, Saradha
Jayalakshmi R

15.

SAOP-15

INHIBITION OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC ELECTRON TRANSPORT

ACTIVITIES IN MAIZE SEEDLINGS BY TREATMENT WITH
TOXIC CONCENTRATIONS OF ZINC
Adam S, Murthy SDS, Fareeda G, Prasad TNVKV

16.

SAOP-16

EFFECT OF NITROGEN AND WEED MANAGEMENT ON

POST HARVEST SOIL NUTRIENT STATUS IN PADDY UNDER
AEROBIC CULTURE
Tirumala Reddy S

17.

SAOP-17

IDENTIFICATION
AND PYRAMIDING OF GENES FOR
DROUGHT RESISTANCE , YIELD AND YIELD ATTRIBUTES
IN ADVANCED BREEDING LINES OF GROUNDNUT
Vasanthi RP, Amaravathi Y, Sudhakar P, Latha P, Siva kumar E,
7

Jhansi Rani P, Purushotham M, Kiran Jyothi G and

Giridharakrishna T
18 .

SAOP-18

ITK LED AGRICULTURE IN PADDY AND GROUNDNUT

CROPS OF YSR DISTRICT
Ramalakshmi devi S and Padmodaya B

19.

SAOP-19

IDENTIFICATION OF NEW SOURCES OF RESISTANCE FOR

BLAST AT MARUTERU, ANDHRA PRADESH
Chamundeswari N, Satyanarayana PV, Krishnam Raju S,
Bhuvaneswari V, Girija Rani M, Vishnu Vardhan KM, Ravi Kumar
BNVSR, Ramana Rao PV and Vishnuvardhan Reddy A

20.

SAOP-20

IDENTIFICATION AND EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF

MUNG (VIGNA RADIATE L.) FLOUR ON SOLVENT
RETENTION CAPACITY OF MUNG-WHEAT COMPOSITE
FLOUR.
Thiruchenduran S and Priyadharshani WMD

21 .

SAOP-21

SOIL HEALTH ISSUES AND THEIR MANAGEMENT

Yamini M, Thanusha R and Vedadri U

22.

SAOP-22

STUDIES ON HETEROSIS FOR GRAIN YIELD AND ITS

COMPONENT TRAITS IN MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)
Raghu B, Suresh J, Usharani G, Saidaiah P and Sudheer Kumar S

23.

SAOP-23

CORRELATION
STUDIES
BETWEEN
YIELD,
YIELD
ATTRIBUTES AND DROUGHT TOLERANT TRAITS IN
MUNGBEAN
Govardhan G, Hariprasad Reddy K, Mohan Reddy D, Sudhakar P
and Bhaskara Reddy BV

24.

SAOP-24

EFFECT OF BASAL Vs SPLIT APPLICATION OF FARM YARD

MANURE ON SOIL AND CROP PRODUCTIVITY OF
SUGARCANE
Sreelatha T, Rama Lakshmi ChS and Veerabhadrarao K

25.

SAOP-25

GENOMICS ASSISTED BREEDING FOR PULSES

Thanusha R and Yamini M

Venue: INSTITUTE OF FRONTIER TECHNOLOGY

Theme: NANOTECHNOLOGY: ENVIRONMENT, TEXTILES,
ISSUES AND POLICES (NE)
S.No.
1.

Code

TITLE AND DETAILS

NEOP-1

ROLE OF NANOPARTICLES TO IMPROVE ANTIMICROBIAL

PACKING IN FOOD INDUSTRY
Perapogu Sreevani and Perapogu Vinod Kumar

2.

NEOP-2

STRATEGY FOR INTRODUCING NANOTECHNOLOGY IN

TEXTILE INDUSTRY OF INDIA
M. Shiresha and D. Anitha

3.

NEOP-3

NANO SCALE
REMEDIATION

MATERIALS

IN

SOIL

AND

WATER

Naveen Kumar B
4.

NEOP-4

HEALTH IMPLICATIONS OF NANOTOXICITY

Galla Rajitha and Chandi Priya S

5.

NEOP-5

ETHICAL, LEGAL AND SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN INDIA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE
TO AGRINANOTECHNOLOGY
Viswanath Buddolla

6.

NEOP-6

IMPACT OF NEW SEED BILL ON INDIAN AGRICULTURE

Madhan Mohan Reddy CH, Sreedhar M, Keshavulu K, Prasad
TNVKV

7.

NEOP-7

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN FOOD AND AGRICULTURE IN

OECD COUNTRIES
Naga Jyothi M , Aparna B, Shiney Israel K

8.

NEOP-8

NANOTECHNOLOGY- BOON OR A BANE: A NANOTOXICITY

PERSPECTIVE
Noor Nawaz AS, Basavesh KN, Poornima R and Chaya S Patil

9.

NEOP-9

NANOPOLLUTION AND ITS EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENT

Sailaja K, Chiranjeevi N, Khayum ahammed S, Anil kumar P, R.
Sarada Jayalakshmi Devi

10.

NEOP-10

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN WATER PURIFICATION

Chaitra SP and Vakada Manasa

11.

NEOP-11

ECOTOXICITY OF ENGINEERED NANOSCALE MATERIALS

AN AGRICULTURAL PERSPECTIVE
Murali G, Nagamadhuri KV, Reddy PVRM, Giridhara Krishna T and
Prasad TNVKV

Theme: NANOTECHNOLOGY IN VETERINARY SCIENCES (NV)

CENTRAL AUDITORIUM, MAIN BUILDING, COLLEGE OF VETERINARY
SCIENCE, S.V.V.U, TIRUPATI- 517 502
2.15 PM-5.30PM, 11-03-2015

S.No.
1.

Code

TITLE AND DETAILS

NVOP-1

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF WOUND HEALING

ACTIVITY OF CITRATE AND CINNAMOMUM
VERA
EXTRACT MEDIATED NANOSILVER IN RATS
Sreevani P, Adilaxmamma K, Alpha Raj M, Eswara Prasad P, Prasad
TNVKV

2.

NVOP-2

EFFECT
OF
NANO
PERFORMANCES

ZINC

FEEDING

IN

ANIMAL

Partha Sarathi S, George Dominic, Bhakthavatsalam KVS

3.

NVOP-3

USE OF NANO MINERALS IN DAIRY INDUSTRY

Srinivasa Rao D

4.

NVOP-4

COMBATING BACTERIAL RESISTANCE - pGlO PLASMID

TRANSFORMED ESCHERICHIA COLI HB 101 K-12 A NOVEL
MODEL FOR SCREENING AGAINST -LACTAMASE
RESISTANCE
Alpha Raj M, Muralidhar Y, Sravanthi Mannem, Shoba T, Sirisha P,
TNVKV Prasad, Adilaxmamma K, Anand Kumar P

5.

NVOP-5

DOPING OF EDIBLE COATINGS WITH NANOMATERIALS

AND THEIR EFFECT ON QUALITY AND SAFETY OF MEAT- A
REVIEW
Bhagath YB and Manjula K

6.

NVOP-6

EVALUATION OF AMELIORATING EFFECT OF PHYTOGENIC

NANOSILVER IN AFLATOXICOSIS IN BROILERS
Ravi Babu G, Srilatha Ch, Sujatha K, Srinivasuslu D, Adilaxmamma
10

K, Prasad TNVKV, Alpha Raj M.

7.

NVOP-7

INTRAVENOUS ADMINISTRATION ALONE RESULTS IN

BIOAVAILABILITY OF NANOSILVER: A PHARMACOKINETIC
STUDY IN MURRAH BUFFALOES
Siva Manohar Rao V, Adilaxmamma K, Alpha Raj M, Eswara Prasad
P, Prasad TNVKV, Dilip Reddy G

8.

NVOP-8

PROSPECTS
OF
ANIMAL
&
VETERINARY
TECHNOLOGY IN INDIA: AN OVERVIEW

NANO

Hina Ashraf Waiz, Sunita Pareek and Barkha Gupta

9.

NVOP-9

NANOTECHNOLGY: NOVEL
COMBAT
MULTIDRUG
PATHOGENS

THERAPEUTIC TOOL TO
RESISTANT
BACTERIAL

Uday Sankar Allam

10.

NVOP-10

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF LANSOPRAZOLE

LOADED NANOSPONGES
Priyanka KS, Sai Lakshmi BNS, Nagaraju R

11.

NVOP-11

PHYTOCHEMICALLY
SYNTHESIZED
NANO
SILVER
PARTICLES USING BOSWELLIC ACID HAS POTENTIATED
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY IN STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
INDUCED MURINE MASTITIS
Muralidhar Yegireddy, M Alpha Raj, TNVKV Prasad, K
Adilaxmamma, G Srinivasarao, Ch Srilatha

12.

NVOP-12

SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES-A CHALLENEGING NOVEL

DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM
Sandhya Rani J* and Vidyavathi M

13.

NVOP-13

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF WOUND HEALING

PROPERTIES
OF
NANOSILVER
AND
PHYTOGENIC
NANOSILVER IN WISTAR RATS
Aparna Reddy N, Eswara Prasad P, Padmaja K, Adilaxmamma K,
Alpha Raj M, Prasad TNVKV.

11

Theme: VETERINARY SCIENCES (VS)

CENTRAL AUDITORIUM, MAIN BUILDING, COLLEGE OF VETERINARY
SCIENCE, S.V.V.U, TIRUPATI- 517 502
9.30 AM onwards, 12-03-2015

S.No.
1.

Code
VSOP-1

TITLE AND DETAILS

ENVIRONMENTALLY CONTROLLED
SYSTEM - A NOVEL APPROACH

DAIRY

HOUSING

Ravindra Reddy Y
2.

VSOP-2

BINDING MECHANISM OF LUPEOL COMPOUND WITH

HUMAN SERUM ALBUMIN
Monika K, Aparna R, Daniel Y, Rajagopal S

3.

VSOP-3

BIODISTRIBUTION AND TOXICITY STUDIES OF SESBANIA

MOSAIC VIRUS (SeMV) IN MICE
Vishnu Vardhan GP, Koteswara Rao G, Hema M, Savithri HS and
Murthy MRN

4.

VSOP-4

OXIDATIVE STRESS INDUCED HISTOPATHOLOGICAL

CHANGES IN BPA TREATED CHICK EMBRYOS
Sravani J, Padmaja K, Eswara Prasad P, Srilatha Ch

5.

VSOP-5

INFLUENCE OF MEAT PARTICLE SIZE ON QUALITY

CHARACTERISTICS OF RESTRUCTURED MUTTON SLICES
Bhaskar Reddy GV, Sen AR, Sudhakara Reddy K, Kondal Reddy K,
Madhava Rao T and Kondaiah N

6.

VSOP-6

KNOWLEDGE ON POULTRY FARMING OFCOMMERCIAL

POULTRY FARMERS OF ANDHRAPRADESH
Harilal R

7.

VSOP-7

SARCOPTIC MANGE IN A PERSIAN CAT

Revathi P, Bharathi B, Syaama Sundar N, Sivasudharsan L

8.

VSOP-8

CLINICO HEMATOLOGICAL STUDIES

LYMPHOSARCOMA IN CROSSBRED CATTLE

ON

BOVINE

Sujatha K, Vinod Kumar N, Venu R, Nalini Kumari N and Srilatha

Ch
9.

VSOP-9

A RETROSPECTIVE LABORATORY DATA (2010-2014) ON

PARASITISM IN DOMESTIC LIVESTOCK AND WILD
12

ANIMALS IN AND AROUND TIRUPATI

Venu R, Amrutha D, Srinivasa Rao K, Rama Devi P and Ramya V
10.

VSOP-10

EFFECT OF
POULTRY

MYCOTOXINS

ON

SERUM

ENZYMES

IN

Ashok Kumar Devarasetti, Vasili Ashok, Purushotham Rao G

11.

VSOP-11

DETECTION OF CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS TOXIN GENES

BY MULTIPLEX PCR
Radhika B, Vinod Kumar N, Lahari L and Sudheer Babu G

12.

VSOP-12

COMPARISON OF EFFICACY OF PCR WITH CONVENTIONAL

CULTURAL METHODS IN DETECTION OF
LISTERIA
MONOCYTOGENES IN LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS
Chinta Siva Swetha, Angalakuditi Jagadeesh Babu, Thirtam
Madhava Rao, Enumula Kumar

13.

VSOP-13

LACTATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF SAHIWAL COWS ON

GROUNDNUT HAULM BASED COMPLETE DIET
Praveen Kumar Reddy K, Ravindra Reddy Y, Suresh Babu D and
Suryanarayana MVLN

14.

VSOP-14

STUDY ON ANTIBIOGRAM FOR COMMON MICROORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM BOVINE MASTITIS MILK
SAMPLES
Lahari Laddika, Vinod Kumar N, Radhika B and Sudheer Babu G

15 .

VSOP-15

INTESTINAL
REPORT

PARAMPHISTOMOSIS

IN

SHEEP

CASE

Pavan Kumar C, Syaama Sundar N, Praveena G, Chaitanya KJ

16.

VSOP-16

ANCHYLOSTOMOSIS IN A MONGREL DOG ----- A CASE

REPORT
Praveena G , Syaama Sundar N, Pavan Kumar C

17.

VSOP-17

C T VARIATION IN TLR2
SUSCEPTABILITY IN BOVINES

GENE

AND

MASTITIS

Prebavathy T, Thanislass J, Lydia D, Ganesan R and Mukhopadhyay

HK
18 .

VSOP-18

EFFECT OF COW URINE ON LIVER MICROSOMAL ENZYMES

IN RATS
Rashmi R, Jagadeesh, Sanganal S and Shridhar NB

19.

VSOP-19

INFLUENCE OF EARLY WEANING ON REPRODUCTIVE

PERFORMANCE OF SOWS
13

Sravanthi V, Suresh babu D, Anitha A, Asha latha P and Eswara

Rao.
20.

VSOP-20

AVAILABILITY AND ACCESSIBILITY OF INFORMATION

COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) AMONG DAIRY
FARMERS IN CHITTOOR DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH.
Triveni G

21.

VSOP-21

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF SODIUM

ALGINATE IN LOW FAT CHEVON PATTIES
Indumathi J

22.

VSOP-22

HAEMAPHYSALIS SPP. INFESTATION

LEOPARD (PANTHERA PARDUS)

IN

RESCUED

Venu R, Rama Devi P, Arun SP, Nasreen A and Preethi M

23.

VSOP-23

GENETIC PARAMETERS OF EGG QUALITY TRAITS IN TWO

STRAINS OF JAPANESE QUAILS
Punya Kumari B, Ramesh Gupta B and Gnana prakash M

24.

VSOP-24

MICROSTRUCTURE OF PINEAL GLAND IN ADULT SHEEP

(OVIS ARIES)
Raju NKB, Gopikrishna B, Reddy Dhyana V, Supriya B and
Bhagyalakshmi J

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14

POSTER PRESENTATIONS
Date: 11-03-2015 (4.00 PM to 6.00PM)
Venue: INSTITUTE OF FRONTIER TECHNOLOGY
Theme: SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF
NANOPARTICLES (SC)
S.No.

Code

TITLE AND DETAILS

1.

SCPP-1

GREEN SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES AND

CATALYZED REDUCTION OF 3-NITROPHENOL (3-NP)
Himagirish kumar S and Jyothi NVV

2.

SCPP-2

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYMERIC

NANO-FORMULATION OF ACEPHATE
Venugopal NVS and Sainadh NVS

3.

SCPP-3

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERISATION OF NANO-LIME FOR

EFFECTIVE REMEDIATION OF ACID SOILS
Bhargavrami Reddy and K. S. Subramanian

4.

SCPP-4

BIOSYNTHESIS
OF
SIVER
NANOPARTICLES
BY
AZADIRACHTA INDICA AND ITS ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY
AGAINST POWDERY MILDEWS ON BER (ZIZIPHUS
MAURITIANA)
Megharaj M, Sharanagouda H, Kalal AY, Nagaraj N, Udaykumar N

5.

SCPP-5

CHARACTERIZATION AND VALIDATION OF GREEN

SYNTHESIZED SILVER NANOPARTICLES FROM ADANSONIA
DIGITATA (L.) STEM BARK. AN IMPORTANT MEDICINAL
PLANT.
Maruti Kesava Kumar Ch, Yugandhar P and N. Savithramma

6.

SCPP-6

ORGANIC SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES AND

ITS
ANTIFUNGAL
ACTIVITY
AGAINST
FUSARIUM
INCARNATUM ASSOCIATED WITH CROSSANDRA WILT IN
TAMIL NADU, INDIA
Mallaiah B, Chinna muthu CR and Muthamilan M

7.

SCPP-7

SYNTHESIS OF NANOPARTICLES USING PLANT EXTRACTS

Abraham K, Ramesh P, Suresh B and Damodharam T

15

8.

SCPP-8

LEAF EXTRACT MEDIATED SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANO

PARTICLES:
NOVEL
APPROACH
TOWARDS
WEED
UTILIZATION
Prathima T, Prasad TNVK, Devaki K and Shobha Rani P

9.

SCPP-9

SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING THE

MEDICINALLY IMPORTANT LEAF EXTRACTS OF TRIBULUS
TERRESTRIS AND
ENICOSTEMA
AXILLARE
AND
EVALUATION OF THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
Nagalakshmi Devamma M, Durga Prameela G and Prasad TNVKV

10.

SCPP-10

GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERISATION OF NANO

IRON PARTICLES
Vakada Manasa, Chaitra SP, Hebsur NS and Hebbara M, Nargund
VB

11.

SCPP-11

EVALUATION
AND ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY OF
BIOGENIC AMMONIA (UREOLYTIC BACTERIA) MEDIATED
SYNTHESIS OF SILVER DOPED CALCIUM HYDROXY
APATITE
Supraja N

Date: 11-03-2015 (4.00 PM to 6.00PM)

Venue: INSTITUTE OF FRONTIER TECHNOLOGY
Theme: NANOTECHNOLOGY: AGRICULTURE AND
HORTICULTURE (NA)
S.No.
1.

Code

TITLE AND DETAILS

NAPP-1

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURE: SCOPE AND ITS

CURRENT RELEVANCE
Koteshi Lamani

2.

NAPP-2

BENEFICIAL EFFECT OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES ON

RICE PLANTS
Rameshraddy, Pavithra GJ, Hajira khanm and Shankar AG

3.

NAPP-3

DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF SOLID LIPID

NANOPARTICLES FOR EFFECTIVE ORAL DELIVERY OF
CUCUMIN
Sowmya C and Lava Kumar V

4.

NAPP-4

APPLICATIONS

OF

NANOTECHNOLOGY

IN

MODERN
16

AGRICULTURE PRACTICES
Vinod Kumar P and Kishore Kumar Yadav N
5.

NAPP-5

EFFECT OF TiO2 NANO PARTICLES ON SEED GERMINATION

AND GROWTH OF TOMATO
Bimal Das, Priya B, Debnath K, Satyanarayana NH, Sarkar KK and
Mukherjee S

6.

NAPP-6

IMPACT OF METALLIC NANOPARTICLES ON GROWTH AND

METABOLISM OF MAIZE
Elanchezhian R, Dameshwar Kumar and Guhey A

7.

NAPP-7

NATURAL NANOPARTICLES IN SOME INSECTS

Harathi PN, Snehasish Routray, Shilpakala V, Lalitha K

8.

NAPP-8

NANODEVICES FOR SCALING UP OF PRODUCTIVITY IN

HORTICULTURE
Lalitha Kadiri, Gopal K, Mohan Kadiri, Sadarunissa S and Madhumathi C

9.

NAPP-9

CONTROL OF INSECT PESTS USING NANO PARTICLESNOVEL APPROACH

Hemasree E, Devaki K, Muralikrishna T, Ramakrishna Rao A, Giridhara
Krishna T

10.

NAPP-10

APPLICATIONS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN PLANT DISEASE

MANAGEMENT
Ranga Rani A, Khayum Ahammed S, Patibanda AK, Sarada Jayalakshmi
Devi R, Shaheda Nasreen S, Chandra Sekhar Y, Sunil kumar Y

11.

NAPP-11

NANOPARTICLES
AS
SYSTEMS IN PLANTS

SMART

TREATMENT-DELIVERY

Chandra Sekhar Y, Khayum Ahammed S, Sarada Jayalakshmi Devi R,

Prasad TNVKV, Sunil Kumar Y, Ranga Rani A, Shaheda Nasreen S
12.

NAPP-12

NANOTECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN INSECT PEST

MANAGEMENT
Venkata Reddy LP and Hari Prasad KV

13.

NAPP-13

NANOTECHNOLOGY-MONITORING QUALITY OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS

Shantha Kumari T

14.

NAPP-14

NANOTECHNOLOGY- A BOON TO AGRICULTURE

Chamundeswari N, Satyanarayana PV, Ravi Kumar BVNSR, Girija Rani M
, Ranmana Rao PV and MohanVishnuvardhan K

15.

NAPP-15

NANO-HERBICIDES NEW VISTAS OF WEED MANAGEMENT IN

17

PRECISION AGRICULTURE
Reddi Ramu Y and Sunitha N
16.

NAPP-16

EFFECT OF NANO SIZED CALCIUM OXIDE ON CALCIUM

UPTAKE, KERNEL QUALITY AND YIELD IN GROUNDNUT
CROP
Sujatha K, Latha P, Sudhakar P, Prasad TNVKV and Giridhara Krishna T

17.

NAPP-17

EVIDENCE
BASED
IMPACT
OF
MICRONUTRIENTS ON CROP GROWTH

NANO

SCALE

Sudhakar P, Prasad TNVKV, Latha P, Giridhra Krishna T and Raja Reddy

K
18.

NAPP-18

EFFECT OF NANO BASED FERROUS OXIDE PARTICLES ON

LUTEIN AND -CAROTENE CONTENTS IN GREEN LEAFY
VEGETABLES
Latha P, Sujatha K, Sudhakar P, Prasad TNVKV and Giridhara Krishna T

19.

NAPP-19

EFFECT
OF
NANO
SCALE
CAO
ON
MOBILITY,
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES AND
YIELD COMPONENTS IN GROUNDNUT (ARACHIS HYPOGEAE
L.)
Deepa M, Sudhakar P, Prasad TNVKV, Reddy KB, Nagamadhuri KV,
Latha P

20.

NAPP-20

EFFECT OF NANO-FERTILIZERS FOR BALANCED CROP

NUTRITION
Nagarjuna V, Naidu MVS, Srinivasalu DV

21.

NAPP-21

NANO ZINC OXIDEFORMULATIONS Vs. CONVENTIONAL Zn

CARRIERS ON GROWTH PARAMETERS OF MAIZE
Chaitra SP , Vakada Manasa , Hebsur NS, Hebbara M and Nargund VB

22.

NAPP-22

EFFECT OF NANO PARTICLES ON GROWTH OF PULSES

Swarnalatha V, Sukumar K, Hemalatha V, Prasanth Y, Kumar G, Mohan
das D and Praveen Kumar Y

23.

NAPP-23

NANO PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY IN MEDICINAL AND

AROMATIC PLANTS
Kaladhar babu K, Rohini G, Sukumar K, Udaya Bhanu K, Kumar G,
Prasanth Y, Pedababu B and Raghu B

24.

NAPP-24

SYNTHESIS OF NANO SCALE ZINC OXIDE AND ITS EFFECT

ON GERMINATION OF PADDY
Naga Madhuri KV, Reddy PVRM , Latha P, Prasad TNVKV, Sudhakar P,
and Giridhara Krishna T

18

Date: 11-03-2015 (4.00 PM to 6.00PM)

Venue: INSTITUTE OF FRONTIER TECHNOLOGY
Theme: SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE (SA)

S.No.

Code

TITLE AND DETAILS

1.

SAPP-1

THE SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF SALICYLIC ACID AND MALIC

ACID IN ALLEVIATING ALUMINUM INDUCED TOXICITY IN
FINGER MILLET(ELEUSINE CORACANA L.)
Hemalatha S, Varalakshmi S and Balaji M

2.

SAPP-2

EVALUATION OF ANTI-BACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF DEHULLED MANGOSEED EXTRACT.

Venkata Rao KV, PavanKumar C , Alpha Raj M , Syaama Sundar N,
Ananda Kumar P.

3.

SAPP-3

STUDIES ON CRITICAL PERIOD OF CROP WEED

COMPETITION AND WEED DYNAMICS IN HYBRID MAIZE
Jitendra Kumar Singh, Prabhakara Reddy G and Nagamani

4.

SAPP-4

DISEASE REACTION OF FINGER MILLET GENOTYPES TO

BLAST DISEASE CAUSED BY PYRICULARIA GRISEA
Hemalatha TM, Madhavilatha L and Subbarao M

5.

SAPP-5

GRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF YIELD AND DROUGHT TRAIT

RELATIONS OF GREENGRAM BY USING GENOTYPE BY
TRAIT (GT) BIPLOT
Paramesh M, Mohan Reddy D, Shanthi Priya M, Sudhakar P and
Reddy

6.

SAPP-6

INFLUENCE
OF
WATERLOGGING
ON
CETAIN
BIOCHEMICAL AND YIELD PARAMETERS OF PIGEONPEA
(CAJANUS CAJAN (L.) MILLSP)
Yohan Y, Umamahesh V, Sudhakar P and Reddi Ramu Y

7.

SAPP-7

EVALUATION OF GLADIOLUS CULTIVARS UNDER OPEN

FIELD CONDITIONS FOR QUALITY AND VASE LIFE
ATTRIBUTES
Devi Priya A, Swarajya Lakshmi K, Nagaraju R and Srinivasa reddy
D

8.

SAPP-8

ROLE OF PHYTASE IN AGRICULTURAL CROPS

19

Sandhya A, Sridevi A and Suvarnalatha Devi P

9.

SAPP-9

IDENTIFICATION OF GROUNDNUT GENOTYPES SUITABLE

FOR EARLY KHARIF SITUATION IN SOUTHERN ZONE OF
ANDHRA PRADESH
Vasanthi RP, Purushotham M, Bharath kumar CG, Siva kumar E

10.

SAPP-10

BIO FORTIFICATION OF ZINC IN RICE

Vineetha U, Surendra Babu P, Chandini Patnaik M, Rajan CPD,
RameshBabu P, RajaSekhar P, Harathi PN and Paramasiva I

11.

SAPP-11

PURIFICATION,
CHARACTERIZATION
ANALYSIS OF -AMYLASE FROM RICE

AND

HPLC

Fareeda G, Adam S, Nagalakshmi Devamma M, Prasad TNVKV

12.

SAPP-12

NUTRIENT UPTAKE AND PRODUCTIVITY OF

HYBRID
MAIZE (Zea mays L.) AS INFLUENCED BY INTEGRATED
NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT
Nagavani AV and Subbian P

13.

SAPP-13

INHIBITION OF SOIL ENZYME ACTIVITIES TO

DOSES OF HERBICIDES

HIGHER

Rama Lakshmi ChS, Rao PC, Madhavi M and Sireesha A

14.

SAPP-14

PREPARATION OF SOIL NUTRIENT STATUS THEMATIC

MAPS OF NANDYAL MANDAL OF KURNOOL DISTRICT BY
GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM
Reddy PVRM, Naga Madhuri KV, Kumar KV, Prasad TNVKV and
Giridhara Krishna T

15.

SAPP-15

PARENTAL LINES SCREENING FOR IDENTIFICATION OF

STEM ROT RESISTANCE GENES IN GROUNDNUT (ARACHIS
HYPOGEA L.) USING SSR MARKER
Amaravathi Y, Jhansi Rani, Siva Kumar E, Vasanthi RP and
GiridharaKrishna T

16.

SAPP-16

MANAGEMENT
OF
GROUNDNUT
LEAF
MINER,
APROAREMA MODICELLA IN RAINFED GROUNDNUT
Devaki K, RamaKrishna Rao A, Murali Krishna T , Suma K, Srividya
PB, Pavana Jyotsna and Areefa P

17.

SAPP-17

NUTRIENT UPTAKE, SOIL AVAILABLE NUTRIENT STATUS

AS INFLUENCED BY USE OF ORGANIC MANURES AND
PANCHAKAVYA IN ONION
Lalitha Kadiri, Prabhakara Reddy G, Chandrika V and Kadiri
Mohan
20

18.

SAPP-18

APPROACHES TO IMPROVE DROUGHT TOLERANCE IN

CROPS
Manjubhargavi M, Thanusha R, Kavitha G

19.

SAPP-19

HETEROSIS
AND
INBREEDING
DEPRESSION
FOR
RESISTANCE TO KALAHASTI MALADY, YIELD AND YIELD
ATTRIBUTING TRAITS IN GROUNDNUT (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Venkata Ramana E, Vasanthi RP, Hariprasad Reddy K, Bhaskar
Reddy BV and Ravindra Reddy B

20.

SAPP-20

INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT IRRIGATION REGIMES ON

GROWTH AND YIELD OF JATROPHA CURCAS
Maheswara Reddy P, Krishna Reddy G, Prasanthi L

21.

SAPP-21

MASS MULTIPLICATION OF SCLEROTIUM ROLFSII FOR

DEVELOPMENT SICK PLOTS TO SCREEN GROUNDNUT
GERMPLASM
Amaravathi Y, Poojitha, Jhansi Rani, Vasanthi RP, Bhaskar Reddy
BV, Reddi Kumar and Giridhara Krishna T

22.

SAPP-22

EVALUATION OF CERTAIN TRADITIONAL PRODUCTS IN

GROUNDNUT PEST MANAGEMENT
Murali Krishna T, Devaki K, RamaKrishna Rao A, Suma K, Srividya
PB, Pavana Jyotsna and Areefa P

23.

SAPP-23

DESIGNING OF AGRO TECHNIQUES FOR ENHANCING THE

PRODUCTIVITY OF EXPORT ORIENTED GROUNDNUT
Pratap B, Reddi Ramu Y, Sunitha N and Subramanyam D

24.

SAPP-24

A STUDY ON THE EFFICACY OF ULTRA LOW VOLUME

HERBICIDES FOR WEED CONTROL IN TRANSPLANTED
FINGER MILLET (ELEUSINE CORACANA (L.) GAERTN)
Bhargavi B

25.

SAPP-25

SCREENING OF CERTAIN GENOTYPES AGAINST THRIPS IN

GROUNDNUT
A.Ramakrishna Rao, K, Raja Reddy1, T.Muralikrishna, P.Sudhakar,
K.Devaki and T. GiridharaKrishna

21

Theme: NANOTECHNOLOGY: ENVIRONMENT, TEXTILES,

ISSUES AND POLICES (NE)
S.No.
1.

Code

TITLE AND DETAILS

NEPP-1

ENCAPSULATED PLANT EXTRACTS FOR ANTIBACTERIAL

FINISH ON CELLULOSIC TEXTILES
Pushpalatha K, Anitha D and Sharada Devi A

2.

NEPP-2

NANOTECHNOLOGY: PARADIGM SHIFT IN PERSPECTIVE

OF NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT IMPACTING FOOD
VALUE CHAIN
Ambedkar YR and Sarvesh Kumar

3.

NEPP-3

KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE KJ194599 NANOPARTICLES AS A

NEW NANOBIOSORBENT FOR REMOVAL OF PB (II) FROM
AQUEOUS SOLUTION
Patricia Raj Kumari J, M Nagalakshmi Devamma

4.

NEPP-4

CLIMATE CHANGE AND BREEDING APPROACHES IN

CROPS FOR CHANGING CLIMATE
Kavitha G, Manjubharghavi M, Thanusha R

Date: 11-03-2015 (4.00 PM to 6.00PM)

Venue: CENTRAL AUDITORIUM, MAIN BUILDING, COLLEGE OF
VETERINARY SCIENCE, S.V.V.U, TIRUPATI- 517 502
Theme: VETERINARY SCIENCES (VS)
S.No.

Code

1.

VSPP-1

TITLE AND DETAILS

HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA IS PROTECTIVE
FLUORIDE TOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS

AGAINST

AlphaRaj M, Adilaxmamma K, MadanMohan E, Naik BR

2.

VSPP-2

ASSESSMENT OF LEAD AND OTHER HEAVY METAL

EXPOSURE THROUGH THE CONSUMPTION OF CHICKEN
MEAT IN AND AROUND PRODDATUR REGION OF ANDHRA
PRADESH IN INDIA
Anil Kumar C , Alpha Raj M , Naik BR, Devasena B, Prasad TNVKV

3.

VSPP-3

PUBLIC HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS

THROUGH MILK AND WATER: A QUANTITATIVE SURVEY
22

IN AND AROUND PRODDATUR REGION OF ANDHRA

PRADESH IN INDIA
Dilip Reddy G, Anil Kumar C, Muralidhar Y, Prasad TNVKV,
Alpha Raj M, Manasa B
4.

VSPP-4

AUTOHAEMOTHERAPY IN CLINICAL CASE OF PAPILLOMA

IN A COW
Saritha G and Nalini kumari K

5.

VSPP-5

INFLUENCE OF CALCIUM ALGINATE ON QUALITY

CHARACTERISTICS OF RESTRUCTURED MUTTON SLICES
DEVELOPED BY COLD-SET BINDING SYSTEM
Bhaskar Reddy GV, Sen AR, Sudhakara Reddy K, Kondal Reddy K,
Madhava Rao T and Kondaiah N

6.

VSPP-6

PESTICIDE POISONING IN A DOBERMAN DOG

Revathi P, Syaama Sundar N, Sumiran N

7.

VSPP-7

LEAD ACETATE INDUCED ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES

IN DIFFERENT TISSUES OF WISTAR ALBINO RATS AND ITS
AMELIORATION WITH OCIMUM SANCTUM A LEAF
EXTRACT
Sujatha K, Srilatha Ch, Anjaneyulu Y, ChandrasekharRao TS,
Sreenivasulu D

8.

VSPP-8

PATHOLOGY OF MASTITIS METRITIS AGALECTIA IN SOWS

Sujatha K, Sreenivasa Naik H, Ramanamurthy R, Nasreen A,
Srilatha Ch, Vinod Kumar N

9.

VSPP-9

EFFECT OF LEAD ACETATE AND CO ADMINISTRATION OF

LEAD ACETATE AND OCIMUM SANCTUM (OS) LEAF
EXTRACT ON TESTIS OF ALBINO RATS - AN OXIDATIVE
STRESS AND ENDOCRINAL STUDY
Sujatha K, Srilatha Ch, Anjaneyulu Y ChandrasekharRao TS,
Sreenivasulu D

10.

VSPP-10

AWARENESS REGARDING ZOONOTIC DISEASES AMONG

THE BUTCHERS OF PRODDATUR, A.P - A STUDY
Lokesh M, Saidaiah M, SreeSai E, Rakesh Ch and Naveen DZ

11.

VSPP-11

ISOLATION OF E.COLI FROM PNEUMONIC GOAT LUNGS

Amaravathi M, Satheesh K, Bharath Kumar Reddy C and Reddy
Dhyana V

12.

VSPP-12

EFFECTS OF THUJA OCCIDENTALIS AS AN ALTERNATIVE

REMEDY IN TREATMENT OF WARTS ONUDDER OF A NON23

DESCRIPT DOE
Bharathi D and Veena P
13.

VSPP-13

SOFT TICKS AS PATHOGEN VECTORS:

MANAGEMENT IN A POULTRY FARM

CONTROL AND

Gnani Charitha V and Rayulu VC

14.

VSPP-14

SELF EMULSIFYING NANO DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS OF

ACYCLOVIR: FORMULATION AND IN VITRO DRUG
RELEASE STUDIES
Indira Muzib Y, Prasanna Kumari, Ambedkar YR

15.

VSPP-15

IMMUNE-RESPONSE
STUDY
OF
ENTEROTOXAEMIA
VACCINE IN SHEEP OF RAYALASEEMA REGION USING
ELISA
Nagendra Reddy T, Sreenivasulu D, Satyanarayana Chetty M and
Eswara Prasad P

16.

VSPP-16

MAGOTTED WOUND IN A CAPTIVE LIONESS (PANTHERA

LEO) A CASE REPORT
Venu R, Arun SP, Naik VCS, Rama DP, Sujatha K and Mounika K

17.

VSPP-17

MICRO ANATOMICAL STUDIES ON THE OESOPHAGUS OF

ALBINO RAT (RATTUS NOVERGICUS)
Reddy Dhyana V, Raju NKB, Supriya B, Bhagya Lakshmi J,
Amaravathi M and Gopi Krishna B

18.

VSPP-18

MASTITIS IN BUFFALOES A HOMEOPATHIC THERAPY

Soma Sekhar Reddy B, Bhakthavatchalam S, Sudhakara Reddy B and
Nagendra Reddy T

19.

VSPP-19

MORTALITY DUE TO HEAVY TICK INFESTATION IN A

HEIFER A REPORT
Venu R, Suresh S, Srilatha Ch and Rama devi P

20.

VSPP-20

SEVERE HORN FLY (HAEMATOBIA IRRITANS) WORRY IN A

CATTLE FARM A REPORT
Venu R, Avinash B, Sujatha K , Rama Devi P and Chaitanya VK

21.

VSPP-21

NANOTECHNOLOGY: PARADIGM SHIFT IN PERSPECTIVE

OF NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT IMPACTING FOOD
VALUE CHAIN
Ambedkar YR and Sarvesh Kumar

22.

VSPP-22

NANOTECHNOLOGY-A POTENTIAL TOOL FOR TARGETING

CANCER CELLS
24

Rajeswary P, Varalaxmi S, Vidyavathi M

23.

VSPP-23

MOLECULAR
DETECTION
AND
SALMONELLA IN ANIMAL FEEDS

CONTROL

OF

Sravanthi M, Eswaraprasad P, Padmaja K and Sreenivasulu D

24.

VSPP-24

TRANSPOSON
REPROGRAMMING OF MURINE FIBROBLASTS INTO INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS
Talluri TR, Kumar D, Glage S, Garrels W, Ivics Z, Debowski K, Behr
R, Kues WA

25.

VSPP-25

A STUDY ON RELEASE OF MINERALS IN GROUNDNUT

HAULM BASED COMPLETE DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH
ORGANIC AND INORGANIC MINERAL SOURCES BY IN
SACCO METHOD IN STEERS
Sudha Rani K, Ramana JV, Devasena B, Ravi A and Sudhakara
Reddy P

26.

VSPP-26

Vital Role of E- Journal Databases in Sri Venkateswara Veterinary

College Libraries: An Overview
K.Kumar, Z.Naveen, S.K.Gurunatha Reddy

27.

VSPP-27

APPLICATION
SCIENCES

OF

NANOTECHNOLOGY

IN

ANIMAL

Swapna G, Sukumar K, Girija Shankar V, Hemalatha V and

Kaladhar Babu K
28.

VSPP-28

ROLE OF QUALITY PROTEIN MAIZE (QPM) IN MEETING

NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF POULTRY AND RABBITS
Swapna G, Sukumar K, Kaladhar Babu K, Sreedhar Chauhan, Girija
Shankar V, Swarnalatha V, Hemalatha V, Kumar G, Pedababu B,
Raghu B and Ramesh R

29.

VSPP-29

STUDIES ON PROXIMATE COMPOSITION OF CHICKEN

MEAT CHIPS
Devalakshmi N, Prabhakara Reddy K and Nagamallika E

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25

[SCOP-1]
SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL 7-FLUORO-3-SUBSTITUTED-1,2,4-TRIAZOLO[3,4B]BENZOTHIAZOLES CAPPED SILVER NANOPARTICLES (FTB-AgNPs) AS
ANTIFUNGAL AGENT
Anjali Sidhu1, Sharu Kukreja1, Alpharaj Mekapogu2, Vineet Kumar3
1Department
2Institute

of Chemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141004

of Frontier Technology, Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, AP.

3Dept.

of Plant Pathology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana

Correspondence: anjalisidhu@pau.edu

Keeping in the view of high bioactivity of 1,2,4-triazoles, benzothiazoles and high

bioavailability of fluoro analogues, series of 7-fluoro-3-substituted-1,2,4-triazolo[3,4b]benzothiazoles (FTB) were synthesized, characterized and assayed in vitro for
antifungal potential against various phytopathogenic fungi. Compounds having
appreciably low EC50 were capped on silver nanoparticles by using mild reducing agent
glyoxal. Amount of organic matter uploaded on the AgNP was estimated by HPLC and
loaded AgNPs were further surface modified by hydrophilic and hydrophobic coating
agents. The resulting modified triazolo capped AgNPs were characterized by LCMS,
FTIR, UV-Vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission
electron microscopy (TEM). These surface modifies FTB-AgNPs were evaluated for
fungitoxicity against various phytopathogenic fungi of wheat viz. U. tritici, P. striiformis,
P. triticina and B. graminis .The comparative effect of nanozation of active compounds on
in vitro antifungal evaluation against various phytopathogenic fungi were studied. Some
of the compounds gave appreciable results after conversion into nano size.

26

[SCOP-2]
SILVER NANOPARTICLES CAPPED WITH TRIAZOL-2YLDITHIOCARBAMATES AS POTENTIAL ANTIFUNGALS
Khushbu Gumber1, Anjali Sidhu1, Alpharaj Mekapogu2, Vineet Kumar3
1Department
2Institute

of Chemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana

of Frontier Technology, Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University,

Andhra Pradesh, India

3Dept.

of Plant Pathology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana

Correspondence: anjalisidhu@pau.edu

Lead

hybridization

concept

was

used

to

synthesize

series

of

triazol-2-

yldithiocarbamates and converted into silver nanoparticles to facilitate more rapid

dissolution. Amount of organic matter coated over the nano-particles was estimated by
HPLC and coated nanoparticles were further stabilized by using hydrophilic and
hydrophobic protecting agents. The resulting capped silver nanoparticles were
characterized by LCMS, FTIR, UV-visible spectroscopy, SEM and TEM analysis. The
modified and non-modified compounds were examined for their in vitro antifungal
potential against various phytopathogenic fungi viz.U. tritici, P. striiformis, P. triticina
and B. graminis. Some of the compounds had exhibited the good antifungal profile with
enhanced toxicity of the nano-analogues in comparison to the non-nano compounds.

27

[SCOP-3]

PHYTOGENIC SYNTHESIS OF ZINC NANOPARTICLES FROM LEAVES

EXTRACTS AND INFLUENCE ON SOIL EXO-ENZYME ACTIVITY AND
GROWTH OF PEANUT PLANTS
Sri Sindhura K1, Prasad TNVKV2, Panneer Selvam P3 and Hussain OM1*
1Department

of Physics, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati-517 502, A.P., India,

nano.kssindhura@gmail.com, hussainsvu@gmail.com

2Nanotechnology

laboratory, Institute of Frontier Technology, Regional Agricultural

Research Station, Acharya N.G Ranga Agricultural University Tirupati-517 502, A.P., India,
tnvkvprasad@gmail.com
3Department

of Soil science and Agricultural chemistry, Indian Institute of Horticultural

Research, Bangalore -560089, India, panneerccri@rediffmail.com

Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles from plant sources is relatively new and exciting
research field. In the present study, phytogenic zinc nanoparticles were synthesized
from the leaves extracts of Parthenium hysterophorous and Thevetia peruviana, following
the green synthesis route and thoroughly characterized using different spectroscopic
and microscopic techniques. The absorption edge of zinc nanoparticles was recorded at
about

330 nm. The microscopic analysis revealed poly-dispersed, spherical and

triangular shaped zinc nanoparticles with an average size of 20 nm. The measured zeta
potentials of 80 mV and 117 mV indicated very high dispersion stability of zinc
nanoparticles. The synthesized zinc nanoparticles were applied to the peanut potculture in three different treatments, against the controls and estimated the soil
microbial population, soil exo-enzyme activities and the physiological traits of peanut
plants. The zinc nanoparticles enhanced the soil micro-biota, soil enzyme activities and
induced the growth of peanut plants and showed significant variations, when compared
to the controls. Among the three treatments, treatment 1 showed good results. The
Parthenium hysterophorous leaves extracted zinc nanoparticles applied treatments showed
noble/superior results, when compared to the Thevetia peruviana leaves extracted zinc
nanoparticles applied treatments.

28

[SCOP-4]
STUDY ON EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND DURATION ON SIZE OF ZINC
OXIDE NANOPARTICLES
Rajendran D*, Partha Sarathi Swain*, Rao SBN
Animal Nutrition Division National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore
*

Ph.D. Scholars, DCN Division, NDRI, Karnal

E-mail: rajnutri@gmail.com

A study was conducted to assess the effect of temperature and duration on size
of zinc oxide (ZnO) nano particles (NPs) for animal feeding. NPs refer to particle size of
1 nm to 100 nm. ZnO NPs have growth promoting, immune-modulatory effects apart
from being highly bioavailable. ZnO NPs were synthesized by chemical pyrolysis
method at laboratory level. The prime aim of synthesizing NPs in laboratory is to have a
better control over particle size, morphology, purity, quantity and quality. It was
produced by adding 2.2 g of zinc acetate (Zn(CH3COO)2.2H2O) and 2 g of sodium
bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and heated in the muffle furnace for different durations and
temperatures to see their effect on particle size of ZnO. The samples were kept in
duplicate for 3 and 4 hours in Phoenix- Microwave ashing CEM Corporation, USA at
300 0C and 400 0C and were analysed for their particle size and zeta potential. The result
revealed that the average particle size of ZnO at 300 C were 264.16 and 72.53 and at
400 C were 165.86 and 132.33 for 3h and 4 h 0f pyrolysis in microwave muffle furnace,
respectively. The zeta potential (mV) on an average was found to be-34.8, -0.15, -16.75
and -7.35 respectively for the above said conditions. It was observed that smaller
particles is obtained as the duration is increased keeping the temperature constant. The
desired sized NPs were obtained at 3000C for 4h of pyrolysis by microwave muffle
furnace.

29

[SCOP-5]
EMERGING TRENDS IN SYNTHESIS OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
FERTILIZERS
Madhavi V*, Anna Tanuja Safala B, Rajitha B, Venkanna M and Ramesh T*
Department of BS & H, BVRIT College of engineering for Women, Hyderabad
Correspondence: madhuchem9@gmail.com

This article reviews the recent trends, developments and future applications of
controlled release fertilizers (CRFs) produced from renewable resources. CRFs can
deliver nutrients over a defined and extended period of time, better matching crop
nutrient demand as compared to a nutrition program consisting of water soluble
fertilizers. Polymers based CRFs are attracting increased attention due to environmental
concerns and the realization that global resources are finite. Application of polymer and
nanotechnology in agriculture particularly in the design of CRFs, the distinctions and
classification of CRFs and the economical, agronomical and environmental aspects of
CRFs has been revised putting into account the development and synthesis of CRFs. A
range of polymer and nano-based CRFs are presented, focusing on general methods of
production, properties and commercial applications. The presentation also examines the
technological and future challenges discussed in bringing these materials to a wide
range of applications, together with potential solutions, as well as discusses the major
industry players who are bringing these materials to the market.

30

[SCOP-6]
EFFECT OF NANO-CRYSTALLITE SIZE AND Li+ ION ON STRUCTURAL AND
FERROELECTRIC STUDIES OF POLYCRYSTALLINE SBNN CERAMICS FOR
DEVICE APPLICATIONS
Viswarupachary P1, Venkata Rao Chowdhary Ch1 and Chanda Mouli K2
1Department

of Physics, Anil Neerukonda Institute of Technology and Sciences,

Visakhapatnam

2Department

of Physics of Engineering Physics, Andhra University College of

Engineering (A), Visakhapatnam
Correspondence: viswam25p@gmail.com

Novel tungsten bronze (TB)-type ferroelectric materials are found to be technologically

important materials for device applications due to their high dielectric constant,
piezoelectric and electro-optic properties. In the present investigation modified and
unmodified Li+ on ferroelectric TB-type ceramic crystals, specifically SBLNN (x = 0.0 to
1.0) have been synthesized nano-crystallite size by conventional high temperature
sintering ceramic solid state reaction technique using carbonates. The effect of nanocrystallite size and monovalent alkali-Li+ ion modified on TB-type systems and its effect
on phase information, structural, micro structural, electrical and piezoelectric properties
are reported. The present ceramic system is single orthorhombic (mm2) phase reported
tolerance factor and average electronegativity difference of SBLNN composition by
XRD. Measurement of conductivity as a function temperature and suggests that PTCR
nature suitable for pyroelectric applications. The improvement in dielectric, ferroelectric
behavior is attributed to the enhanced homogeneity attained by conventional sintering
ceramic technique used in the present study.

31

[SCOP-7]
GREEN SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING PIMPINELLA
TIRUPATIENSIS BAL & SUBR AND THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
Vipranarayana S1, Prasad TNVKV*2, Madhavi V3, Damodharam T1
1Department
2Nanotechnology

of Environmental Sciences, S.V.University, Tirupati 517 502

laboratory, Institute of Frontier Technology, Regional Agricultural
Research Station, ANGRAU, Tirupati 517 502

3Department

of Chemistry, S.V.University, Tirupati 517 502

* Correspondence: tnvkvprasad@gmail.com

Green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) has attracted tremendous attention in

recent years and proved to be more environmental friendly alternative to chemical and
physical methods. In the present study, synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) or
(Green-Silver) has been demonstrated using the leaf extract of Pimpinella tirupatiensis Bal
& Subr reducing aqueous silver nitrate. The prepared AgNPs were characterized using
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), UV-Vis
Spectroscopy,

Zeta

Potential

Measurement

and

Fourier

Transform-Infrared

Spectroscopy (FT-IR). SEM micro- graphs showed cubic and spherical shaped particles
with an average size of 55 nm. The measured Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) hydrodynamic radius of the AgNPs was in the range of 42.6nm-68.5nm which matches
with the SEM results. The zeta potential of the formed silver nanoparticles was recorded
as -49.2mV indicated high stability and monodispersity of the formed AgNPs.. Further,
Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed that the plant extract not
only acted as a bioreductant but also functionalized the NPs surfaces to act as a capping
ligand to stabilize them in the solvent.

This work proved the capability of using

biomaterial towards the synthesis of AgNPs by adopting the principles of green

chemistry. The in vitro antimicrobial activity of the AgNPs synthesized was investigated
against E.coliss, Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus flavus using a disc diffusion method. The
AgNPs showed potential activity against all of the bacterial strains and fungal colonies,
indicating that Pimpinella tirupatiensis Bal & Subr is a potential biomaterial in developing
antimicrobial agents for biomedical applications.

32

[SCOP-8]
BIOSYNTHESIS OF ZINC NANOPARTICALS BY ASPERGILLUS AS ZINC
NANOFERTILIZER
Savalgi VP
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, University of Agricultural Sciences,
DHARWAD 580 005
Correspondence: savalgi_2000@yahoo.com

Nanotechnology deals with synthesis, characterization and application of nanosized

(1-100nm) materials for the science development. Even though chemical way of
synthesis continue dominant for size controlled synthesis of metal nanoparticals, they
can be hazardous to environment due to the use of toxic chemicals. Research carried
over past few years has successfully demonstrated the utilization of biological
microorganisms has been emerging as a novel green nanotechnology for the synthesis of
metal nanoparticlas. In the present study, we have demonstrated the synthesis of metal
oxide nanopartical by Aspergillus sp. isolated from the rhizospher soil of selected crops.
Extra cellular production of metal oxide nano particles by Aspergillus sp. was carried
out. It was found that zinc oxide when exposed to Aspergillus sp. are reduced in solution,
there by leading to formation of nanopaticals. The possibility of reduction of metal ions
may be by reductase enzyme and also due to high zinc metal tolerance ability.

33

[SCOP-9]
SYNTHESIS OF NANOPARTICLES USING MICROBES
Shaheda Nasreen S, Patibanda AK, Sarada Jayalakshmi Devi R, Khayum AS,
Ranga Rani A, Sunil Kumar Y, Chandra Sekhar Y
Department of Plant Pathology, S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati.
Correspondence: shahedanasreen161@gmail.com

Biosynthetic methods in nanotechnology is found an alternative to chemical and

physical ones. Microbes produce nanomaterials as a part of their metabolism and
hence they are referred to as nanofactories, meaning generators of nanoparticles.
There are large number of techniques available to synthesize different types of nano
materials in the form of colloids, clusters, powders etc. of those biological method
using microorganisms( capable of secreting polysaccharides) forms complex with
metal ions extracellularly by processes like oxidation, reduction, methylation and
demethylation. The microbes reproduce fast which can be well exploited for their
use in various aspects. Extracellular and intracellular synthesis of silver
nanoparticles can be done utilizing many ubiquitous fungal species such as
Trichoderma, Fusarium, Penicillium, Verticillium , Pleurotus and Aspergillus, bacteria
like Pseudomonas stutzeri and Bacillus subtilis and algae like shewanella. Magnetotactic
bacteria like Magnetospirillum magnetotacticum is known to synthesize intracellular
magnetic particles comprising iron oxide and iron sulphides. Silver nanoparticles in
the range of 25 nm size were synthesized extracellularly by a silver-tolerant yeast
strain when challenged with 2.0 mM silver nitrate. Silver salt trapped on the surface
of the fungal cells due to interaction between the positively charged silver ions and
negatively charged carboxylic groups in the enzymes in cell walls of mycelia is the
mechanism behind formation of silver nanoparticles using silver ions. Some
microorganisms produce H2S, which acts like an electron acceptor for metabolism.
This H2S can in presence of metal salts, convert metal ions into metal sulphide,
which deposits extracellularly. The metal ions are then converted into a nontoxic
form and covered with certain proteins to protect the cell from toxic environment.
Compared to chemical or physical methods, the synthesis of nanoparticles using
microbes is the best method. Biosynthesized nanoparticles can be utilized in targeted
drug delivery, cancer treatment, gene therapy and DNA analysis, antibacterial
agents, biosensors, enhancing reaction rates, separation science, and magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI).

34

[SCOP-10]
GREEN SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR
APPLICATIONS IN CANCER THERAPY
Sreekanth TVM1 and In-Yong Eom1,2*
1Department

of Life Chemistry, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan 712-702,

South Korea.

2Natural

Science research institute, Catholic University of Daegu, Gyeongsan-Si,

South Korea.
Correspondence: sreekanth@cu.ac.kr

The present study is aimed at rapid synthesis of eco-friendly silver nanoparticles using
red cabbage extract and to evaluate their anti-cancer activity. The green synthesized
silver nanoparticles were determined by using UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier
transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and characterized by using scanning electron
microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDAX), Transmission electron
microscopy (TEM) and selected area diffraction (SAED). The in- vitro screening of the
AgNPs was showed potential cytotoxic activity against human cervical cancer cell line
(HeLa).

35

[SCOP-11]
GREEN SYNTHESIS OF NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR USE AGAINST
PLANT PATHOGENS
Nargund VB, Chikkanna Swamy, Madhu S. Giri, Jayalakshmi K, Hulagappa and
Pradeep Manyam
Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural
Sciences, Dharwad 580 005, Karnataka

Application of nanotechnology in agriculture is a new field in comparison to medical,

engineering and pharmacy. Nano-fertilizers, growth promoters encapsulated in
nanoscale polymers, chelates, or emulsions and their efficient release is becoming
possible in recent days. Green synthesis of nano particles seems to be less toxic when
compared to chemical synthesis. In the present study chemical and green synthesis of
copper, zinc, silver and iron nano particle was done by using ocimum and neem leaves.
The synhesised nanoparticles were tested against fungal and bacterial plant pathogens
under laboratory conditions. Soil borne fungal pathogens viz., Sclerotium rolfsii
Rhizoctonia solani Fusarium oxysporum and bacterial plant pathogens viz.,Xanthomonas
campestris pv. campestris Xanthomonas axonopdis pv. punicae were tested by inhibition of
mycelial growth and inhibition of growth by paper disc method respectively. Further,
phytotoxicity of these particles was tested on potato leaves. .Zinc oxide nano particles
in isoprpanol solvent has shown inhibition of mycelial growth of S. rolfsii. Silver nano
and copper iodide did not show any inhibition zone.Calcium phosphate nano particle
has shown jelly type nature. These particles have shown phytotoxic effect on potato leaf
(necrotic lesion).The present study is in progress to characterize these particles.

36

[SCOP-12]
EXTRACTION OF NATURAL NANOSCALE CLAY PARTICLES FROM RED
SOILS AND THEIR CHARACTERIZATION
Prasad TNVKV*, Reddy PVRM, Nagamadhuri KV and Giridharakrishna T
Institute of Frontier Technology, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Acharya N G
Ranga Agricultural University, Tirupati 517 502, A.P.

* Correpondence: tnvkvprasad@gmail.com
Nanoscience is of crucial importance to the soil sciences because the size of the many
natural compounds of the soils, clay fraction of the soil in particular, in at least one
dimension falls in nanoscale range (1-99nm). In general, soil scientists have not
usually looked at nanoparticles in soils other than phyllosilicates and imogolite. But
the clay fraction of the soil is instrumental in soil behavior. In the present study we
collected red clay loams from farmers fields and extracted the nanoscale clay
particles using the standard extraction method. The extracted nanoscale clay
particles were then characterized using the techniques, UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier
Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The measured hydrodynamic radius
ranges from 90-128nm and recorded higher zeta potential of -40mV indicates the
extracted clay nanoparticles are highly stable and monodispersed. FT-IR studies
revealed the presence of amino groups which confirms the organic matter
composition. The extracted nanoscale clay materials could have potential
applications in developing materials for environmental remediation.

37

[SCPP-1]
GREEN SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES AND CATALYZED
REDUCTION OF 3-NITROPHENOL (3-NP)
Himagirish kumar S and Jyothi NVV*
Department of Chemistry, S.V. University, Tirupathi -517502, A.P.
E-mail: nvvjyothi73@gmail.com

The biosynthesis of nanoparticles has been proposed as a cost effective and

environmental friendly alternative to chemical and physical methods. Plant mediated
synthesis of nanoparticles is a green chemistry approach that interconnects
nanotechnology and plant biotechnology. In the present study, synthesis of silver
nanoparticles (AgNPs) or (Green Silver) has been demonstrated using extracts of
sphaeranthus indicus and it reducing aqueous silver nitrate. The AgNPs were
characterized by Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-vis) Spectrometer, Infrared Spectroscopy (IR),
X-ray Diffraction Analysis (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Were used for the catalyzed reduction of 3nitrophenol (3-NP) with NaBH4 in alkaline aqueous solutions. The effect of the
reduction of 3-NP catalyzed by the catalysts in the presence of variable concentration
NaBH4 was investigated. It was found that the reduction rate increased with the
increasing of the amounts of NaBH4. And the larger amounts of NaBH4 reduced the
induction time.

38

[SCPP-2]
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYMERIC NANOFORMULATION OF ACEPHATE
Venugopal NVS* and Sainadh NVS
Department of Chemistry, G.I.T, GITAM UNIVERSITY, Visakhapatnam-530045, A.P,
*Correspondence: venu7000@gmail.com
Nano pesticides are the best way to conventional pesticides. Nano pesticides can
provide better penetration and accelerated resistance of microbes through the plant and
controls different diseases. Nano formulation of pesticides certainly protects the
premature degradation in the environment and delivers high impact on targeted
species. In this communication we reported a novel nano-acephate

with

polypropyleneglycol as capping agent for plant disease control and its subsequent
characterisation of encapsulated complex. Nano-acephate encapsulated particles were
characterised by dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier transform infrared
spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The bioactivity study was
conducted against various fungi and bacteria. The performance of Nano particles was
many fold times effective when compared to the original parental particles. Nanoacephate shows better bio-active results. Less environmental contamination and safe
handling are the advantages of nano-pesticides. This method is an eco-friendly
formulation and it is useful to farmers.

39

[SCPP-3]
SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERISATION OF NANO-LIME FOR EFFECTIVE
REMEDIATION OF ACID SOILS
Bhargavrami Reddy1 and K. S. Subramanian2
1
2 Department

Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry,

of Nano Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University,

Coimbatore-641003, Tamil Nadu, India.
Correspondence: bhargava.basf@gmil.com

The synthesis of pure calcium carbonate nano crystals using top down , high energy ball
milling and encapsulate with chitosan system produced uniform nanosized particles,
which were characterised using particle size analyzer, zeta potential ,ramanspec,
transmission electron microscopy (TEM),scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray
diffraction (XRD)and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).The identified
particles were aragonite polymorphs with a rod shape and were approximately 100nm
in size. The aragonite polymorph of calcium carbonate was prepared from biogenic
materials, cockle shells, and exhibited unique characteristics (i.e., a higher density than
that of calcite), which makes it biocompatible and potentially suitable for applications in
the agricultural, medical, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and paint industries. The methods
adopted and the non-ionic surfactant used in the synthesis of calcium carbonate nano
crystalline aragonite polymorphs were environmentally friendly and can be scaled up
for agricultural production. The sources are naturally available materials, which offers
an opportunity for reclamation of acid soil applications. Among the amendments, nanolime proved its efficacy in reclaiming the acidic soils significantly than conventional lime
which could be attributed to its smaller particle size, larger surface area and there by
greater solubility.

40

[SCPP-4]

BIOSYNTHESIS OF SIVER NANOPARTICLES BY AZADIRACHTA INDICA

AND ITS ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY AGAINST POWDERY MILDEWS ON BER
(ZIZIPHUS MAURITIANA)
Megharaj M*, Sharanagouda H, Kalal AY, Nagaraj N, Udaykumar N
Department of processing and Food Engineering, College of Agricultural Engineering,
University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, Karnataka, India
* Correspondence: megharajmadake@gmail.com

Biosynthesis of nanoparticles has a potential to develop simple, cost effective and ecofriendly methods for the production of technologically important materials. In this
study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized by Azadirachta indica with different
concentration s of silver nitrate 0.5Mm, 1Mm, 1.5Mm. The synthesis of silver
nanoparticle was confirmed by changing its colour from light yellow to dark brown
colour. Characterization of silver nanoparticles was done by using UV-Vis spectroscopy
at the range of 300-600nm which showed the surface plasmon peak at 440nm. The peak
showing the standard surface plasmon resonance wavelength confirms the formation of
silver nanoparticles. The particle size was analysed using zeta potential size analyser,
the size of particles varies with concentration i.e., for 0.5Mm, 1Mm, 1.5Mm average size
was 45.37nm, 65.20nm, 91.75nm respectively. Anti-fungal activity of silver nanoparticles
was analysed using percent inhibition of spore germination by cavity side method
against powdery mildew (Leveillula taurica). Results revealed that highly significant
percent inhibition of spore germination is in the range of 80-92%. Synthesized silver
nanoparticles of 1Mm silver nitrate concentration had significant inhibition effects
against powdery mildew.

41

[SCPP-5]
CHARACTERIZATION AND VALIDATION OF GREEN SYNTHESIZED
SILVER NANOPARTICLES FROM ADANSONIA DIGITATA (L.) STEM BARK.
AN IMPORTANT MEDICINAL PLANT
Maruti Kesava Kumar Ch, Yugandhar P and N. Savithramma
Dept. of Botany, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati-517502,
Andhra Pradesh, India.
E-mail: yugandharbotany@gmail.com

In the present study green synthesis of silver nanopartiles (SNPs) is prepared by using
aqueous stem bark extract of Adansonia digitata (L.) as a reducing, stabilizing and
capping agent. The synthesized SNPs are characterized by UV-VIS Spectroscopy, FTIR,
XRD, AFM, SEM with EDAX and TEM. Validation of SNPs was performed on 07
bacterial species and 05 fungal species. For preliminary conformation of SNPs, the
colour change pattern is observed from light brown to thick brown confirms the
formation of silver nanoaprticles and UV-VIS studies shows 450 nm broad peak further
confirms the synthesized nanoparticles are SNPs. FTIR studies shows that the Phenols
and Primary amines of Proteins are mainly responsible for the reduction of
nanopartilces and AFM, SEM and TEM studies shows that the particles are spherical in
shape, having the size range from 5 to 30 nms. The EDAX pattern shows the 2.69 weight
percentage of silver present in the synthesized sample solution and XRD studies shows
that the particles are mostly crystalline in nature. Further these biologically synthesized
nanoparticles were found to be highly toxic against different multi drug resistant
bacterial and fungal pathogens. This is the first report on synthesis of SNPs from stem
bark of A. digitata was used for synthesis of SNPs and its antimicrobial studies.

42

[SCPP-6]

ORGANIC SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES AND ITS

ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY AGAINST FUSARIUM INCARNATUM
ASSOCIATED WITH CROSSANDRA WILT IN TAMIL NADU, INDIA
Mallaiah B1*, Chinna muthu CR 2 and Muthamilan M1
1Department

of Plant Pathology 2Department of Agronomy, TNAU

Agricultural College and Research Institute -Madurai 625104.

*Correspondence: mallyagrico@gmail.com
Crossandra (Fire cracker) is an important commercial flower, mainly grown in India, is
affected by various fungal diseases. Among the various fungal diseases, wilt disease
caused by Fusarium spp. is one of the major problem in Crossandra production and
limits the crop cultivation. Reports are available stating that improved properties of the
nanoparticles compared to the application of bulk materials have greater opportunity to
reduce the load of unwanted chemicals especially plant protectants. Indian
greeneries/weeds are the chief and cheap source of medicinal plants and plant products.
From centuries till date, these plants have been extensively utilized in Ayurveda.
Recently, many such plants have been gaining importance due to their unique
constituents and their versatile applicability in various developing fields of research and
development including disease management. In the present work, synthesis of silver
nanoparticles has been done using Tridax procumbense plant leaf extract. The organic
synthesis of silver nanoparticles was done by the bioreduction of silver nitrate(AgNO3).
The AgNPs were characterized by UV-visible (vis) spectrophotometer, particle size
analyzer (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron
microscopy . UV-visible studies were conducted to confirm the formation of silver
nanoparticles, thus the peak showing the standard surface plasmon resonance
wavelength in UV-visible studies confirm the formation of silver nanoparticles(418 to
435nm).The surface morphology of nanoparticle examined under SEM revealed that the
particles are spherical shape with size ranging from 30-45nm.To conform the results of
SEM, the same particles were characterized under TEM and found to be spherical
shaped scattered without clumps with size ranging from 18 to 40nm accounting for an
average of 28nm. Later, the antimicrobial activity of the synthesized silver nanoparticles
against F.incarnatum was tested by fallowing poisoned food technique. Ag nanoparticles
are inhibiting the mycelial growth of F. incornatum at all the concentrations tested but
100% inhibition was observed at 600ppm.Morphological studies under stem indicating
that hyphae were broken, thin walled, or abnormal. In addition the cell surface of
hyphae was observed to be crinkled. These results leads us to consider that organic
silver nanoparticles may be the most effective way to manage plant diseases with least
hazard to environment.
43

[SCPP-7]

SYNTHESIS OF NANOPARTICLES USING PLANT EXTRACTS

Abraham K, Ramesh P, Suresh B and Damodharam T*
*Department of Environmental Sciences, S. V. University, Tirupati 517502, A.P
Email: thotidamodharam@yahoo.co.in
Nanobiotechnology is emerging as a field of applied biological science and
nanotechnology. Nanoparticles synthesis has become the matter of great interest in
recent times due to its various advantageous properties and applications in various
fields. Synthesis of nanoparticles is done by various physical and chemical methods but
the

biological

methods

are

relatively

simple,

cost-effective,

nontoxic,

and

environmentally friendly methods. The present study focuses on the synthesis of

nanoparticles with special emphasis on the use of plant parts for the synthesis process,
its applications and future prospectus.

44

[SCPP-8]

LEAF EXTRACT MEDIATED SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANO PARTICLES:

NOVEL APPROACH TOWARDS WEED UTILIZATION
Prathima T1, Prasad TNVK, Devaki K and Shobha Rani P
Regional Agricultural Research Station, Tirupati
Correpondence: ponukuprathima@gmail.com
The use of environmentally friendly material like leaf extracts from different weed
species for synthesis of silver nano particles offers several benefits of eco-friendliness
and compatibility in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications as they do not cause
toxicity due to non use of chemicals in the synthesis protocols. Weeds with medicinal
properties can be used in pharma industries to cure some of the diseases. In this study
several weeds of groundnut and groundnut based cropping systems are tested for their
ability to synthesize silver nano particles. Due to cost effectiveness and eco-friendly
nature bioinspired synthesis of nano particles provides advancement than using
chemical and physical methods of synthesizing silver nano particles. Though weeds are
considered as unwanted plants, but can provide new ways by making them a value
added materials for nano technology based industries. Earlier research indicated several
native and invasive weed species like Parthenium hysterophaorus, Eichhornia crassipes,
Datura stramonium etc., are having potential in synthesizing nano form of elements like
zinc, silver and copper. In the present study several weeds were tested for the potential
in synthesizing silver nano particles. Among the weeds tested before Euphorbia hirta and
Trianthema portulacastrum when processed and analyzed under spectrophotometer and
FTIR (Fourier Transfom Infrared Spectrometer) showed potential in synthesizing nano
particles and these weeds were also found having antimicrobial properties for Spodoptera
litura.

45

[SCPP-9]

SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING THE MEDICINALLY

IMPORTANT LEAF EXTRACTS OF TRIBULUS TERRESTRIS AND
ENICOSTEMA AXILLARE AND EVALUATION OF THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL
ACTIVITY
Nagalakshmi Devamma M, Durga Prameela G and Prasad TNVKV *
1Dept.
2Microbiology

of Botany, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati-517502

division, Dept. of Virology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati.

*Dept. of Soil Science, RARS, Acharya N.G.Ranga Agricultural University, Tirupati.

* Correpondence: tnvtvprasad@gmail.com

Nanobiotechnology deals with the production of nanoscale biomaterials and their

applications in various fields including medicine. It has an important emerging branch
of science concerns the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles using plants and plant
materials. Use of medicinal plants and plant materials for the synthesis of noble metals,
silver in particular has been a recent advancement. Herein, we used the extracts of two
important medicinal plants Tribulus terrestris and Enicostema axillare for the reduction
and stabilization of aqueous silver ions. The silver nanoparticles formation was
confirmed by the colour change of plant extracts from pale yellow to dark brown. The
prepared silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). characterized using the techniques like, scanning
electron microscopy (SEM), Dynamic light scattering (DLS), Energy dispersion X-ray
spectroscopy (EDS). The formed silver nanoparticles were spherical in shape with the
size range of 100-200nm.The antimicrobial efficacy of these BAgNPs was evaluated
against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aureginosa using disc diffusion method.
The increase in measured inhibition zone with the application of BAgNPs indicates the
antimicrobial potentiality of the synthesized silver nanoparticles over conventional
antibiotics.

46

[SCPP-10]

GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERISATION OF NANO IRON

PARTICLES
Vakada Manasa, Chaitra SP*, Hebsur NS and Hebbara M, Nargund VB
University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad ,Karnataka-580005.
CorresponDENCE: chaitrasp.sp@gmail.com

The synthesis of nano-particles has become a matter of great interest in recent years due
to their functional properties and applications in the various fields. Among the various,
synthesis methods, green synthesis of nanoparticles has gained significant importance in
recent years due to several advantages such as simple, inexpensive, highly stable, rapid,
non-toxic and ease of large-scale production. Iron nanoparticles were produced by using
plant leaf extracts such as Rose (Rosa indica), Tulasi (Ocimum sanctum) and Neem
(Azadirachta indica) as reducing agents. Aqueous extracts of plants were obtained by ball
milling, centrifugation and filtration. Ferric chloride was added to these plant extracts as
a precursor to produce nano iron particles. The colour of the plant extracts changed from
green to black colour and decrease in pH was observed. Nanoparticles so synthesized
were characterised by using UV-visible spectrophotometer, absorption peaks were
developed at 200-240 nm regions due to the excitation of surface plasmon vibrations by
the iron nanoparticles.

47

[SCPP-11]

EVALUATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY OF BIOGENIC AMMONIA

(UREOLYTIC BACTERIA) MEDIATED SYNTHESIS OF SILVER DOPED
CALCIUM HYDROXY APATITE
Supraja N
Department Of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Vellore-632001

Hydroxyapatite (HP, Ca10 (PO4)6(OH)2) is the main mineral constituent of human bone.
Calcium hydroxyapatite is a bioactive compound that supports for the regeneration of
bone on the substrate. Recently in human urine, the CO2 gas was captured and
sequestrated. As an alternative way, biological activated ammonia can be used for the
CO2 gas captured from urine, as resultant product of ammonia carbonate and ammonia
bicarbonate. Many studies underwent in ureolytic bacteria and calcium precipitating
bacteria which was isolated and identified from toilet dropping. Bacterial CaCO3
formation through urea hydrolysis is known as bacterial calcite precipitation (BCP).
Commonly various biocatalyst such as plant urease, bacterial urease enzyme are
involved in precipitation of hydroxyapatite and thus the waste product is used to
synthesis calcium hydroxyapatite. In this study ureolytic bacteria isolated from toilet
dropping was used to mediate the synthesis of calcium hydroxyapatite and silver doped
calcium hydroxyapatite. Further it was characterized by the FTIR, XRD, Laser Raman
spectrum, Solid State

31PNMR

and TGA/DTA. The result of Transition Electron

Microscope (TEM) showed that the resultant product was in pure crystalline structure.
The ureolytic bacteria mediated synthesis of calcium hydroxyapatite and silver doped
calcium hydroxyapatite showed antibacterial activity.

48

[NAOP-1]
NANO-HERBICIDE TO EXHAUST THE WEED SEED BANK
Akshata S Patil1, Roopadevi2 and Vinod S Sankari3
Department of crop physiology1; Department of Plant Pathology2
College of Agriculture and University of Agricultural Sciences Dharwad,
3Department

of Horticulture college of Agriculture and University of Agricultural

Sciences, Raichur.

Soil weed seed banks are reserves of viable seeds present on the surface and in the soil.
The seed bank is an indicator is an indicator of past and present weed populations.
There are enormous numbers of viable weed seeds in the soil. For example: the seeds of
striga spp produce thousands of seeds per plant per season and remain viable in the soil
for more than 20 years.

The seeds will germinate when the weather factors are

favorable. The tubers and rhizomes of the sedges are dormant and viable during
unfavourable seasons. The easiest way of reducing the weed incidences is exhausting
the weed seed bank, the source for weeds over generations. Existing stale seedbed
technique, a follow period cultural weed management method often practiced during
summer to reduce the weed seed bank. It involves frequent tilling and irrigation, adds
weed management cost. Molecular characterization of problem weed seed coat will help
to us to identify the receptor having specific binding property with nano-herbicide
molecules. Developing receptor based herbicides tagged with nanoparticles like carbon
nanotubes for delivery will destroy the specific weed species completely from the soil.
The present day herbicide target domains in a plant cells are destruction of structure and
function of the plant specific chloroplast, inhibition of lipid biosynthesis, and
interference with cell division by disrupting the mitotic sequence or inhibiting the
mitotic entry, inhibition of biosynthesis and deregulation of auxin induced cell growth.
Developing or modifying the herbicide molecules in nanoscale or encapsulated in a
biodegradable polymer nanoparticle matching the receptor identified in the
underground plant parts to kill a specific weed species.

49

[NAOP-2]
BIOSENSOR AND AGRICULTURE IN NANOTECHNOLOGY
Vinod S Sankari1, Akshata S Patil2 and Roopadevi3
Department of Horticulture-1
College of Agriculture and University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur,
Department of crop physiology -3 Department of Plant Pathology-2
College of Agriculture and University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad
Correspondence: roopadevism@gmail.com
New technologies like biotechnology, information and communication technology/ICT,
and nanotechnology are poised to revolutionize agriculture in the 21st century. As
important as waste materials and preservations of food is in the agricultural field, a
major concern is that of the safety of the food products. Far too often food contains
bacteria and viruses, which frequently ends in illness and sometimes fatality. The most
likely area in which nanotechnology will initially enter the agricultural industry is the
world of analysis and detection, such as biosensors to detect the quality of and the
health of agricultural products and livestock, advanced nano-sensors that can detect
surface and airborne pathogens are already leaving the laboratory. A biosensor is
composed of a biological component, such as a cell, enzyme or antibody, linked to a tiny
transducer; a device powered by one system that then supplies power to a second
system. The biosensors detect changes in cells and molecules that then are used to
measure and identify the test substance, even if there is a very low concentration of the
tested material. When the substance binds with the biological component, the
transducer produces a signal proportional to the quantity of the substance. So if there is
a large concentration of bacteria in a particular food, the biosensor will produce a strong
signal indicating that the food is unsafe to eat. With this technology, mass amounts of
food can be readily checked for their safety of consumption.

50

[NAOP-3]
EFFICACY OF NANO ZINC OXIDE SEED PRIMING IN RADISH
Hajira Khanm*, Rameshraddy, Muktha J, Basava Rajeshwari, Shankar AG
University of Agricultural Science, Gandhi Krishi Vignana Kendra (GKVK),
Bangalore - 560 065, Karnataka, India.
*Corresponding author e-mail: hajirakhanm7@gmail.com

Nano fertilizer (<100nm in size) a new compound with rapid absorption property and
optimized delivery of nutrients to the plant, is being studied to replace conventional
fertilizer. To evaluate the effect of nano fertilizer two sets of experiments were
conducted using radish cultivar (arka nishanth). Nano zinc oxide was used against
control and zinc sulphate( regular zinc source in agriculture). Lab experiment was
conducted where in seeds treated with different concentrations of both fertilizers against
control (ranging from 100ppm, 200ppm.. 2000ppm). From this three different
concentrations were selected based on highest root length, shoot length and
intermediate root and shoot length in both the sources of zinc. The field experiment was
also conducted. The highest yield with highest Zn content was found in nano zinc oxide
treated seeds.

51

[NAOP-4]
BREAKING DORMANCY IN THE TUBERS OF THE WORLDS WORST WEED
THE CYPERUS ROTUNDUS BY IRON NANOPARTICLES
Viji N* and Chinnamuthu CR2
Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai - 625104,
Tamil Nadu, India.
Correspondence: mathumitha08@gmail.com

Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) is a perennial and most noxious weed in tropical and
sub-tropical regions. Often forms dense colonies and greatly reduces the crop yields. It is
considered as the worlds worst weed. Tubers are recognized as the primary dispersal
unit for purple nutsedge and the spread of the plant in the short term is accomplished
through rhizomes. Increasing phenolic compounds and abscissic acids in the tubers
reduced the sprouting. Due to apical dominance and bud dormancy, tubers stay in the
soil for extended periods before sprouting. Control would be facilitated if tuber
longevity is short enough so that all buds could sprout at the same time so that the
resultant plants can be killed. A laboratory experiment was carried out at the
Department of Nano Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University to
degrade the phenolic compounds present in the Cyperus rotundus tubers using iron oxide
nanoparticles. Iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized in the wet lab by chemical
method.

The

synthesized

nanoparticles

were

characterized

by

UV-VIS

spectrophotometer, FTIR and XRD. Cyperus rotundus tubers were collected and sorted
based on diameter. The uniform sized tubers (3 cm diameter) were treated with iron
oxide nanoparticles at different concentration viz., 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 mg 25 ml
water-1 for 12 hours. Results revealed that the iron oxide nanoparticles at the
concentration of 30 mg 25 ml water-1 recorded higher rate of phenol degradation of
tubers i.e 10.5 per cent over initial concentration. It was on par with 25 mg of iron oxide
nanoparticles 25 ml water-1. Since, iron oxide nanoparticles lead to production of more
OH- radicals (as a major agent of degradation at photocatalytic reactions). Increased
reactive hydroxyl radicals results in the oxidation of phenol into other intermediates.

52

[NAOP-5]
IMPACT OF NANO PARTICLES ON SELECTED CROP
Sahaja Deva
Department of Agronomy, Indira Gandhi Krishi viswavidyalaya, Raipur, C.G. 492012
Correspondence: sahajareddy.deva@gmail.com

Effects of nano-particles on plants can be beneficial (seedling growth and development)

or non- beneficial (to prevent root growth). The propensity of the NPs to cross barriers
and their interaction intracellular structures owing to their small size and high surface
reactivity contribute to potential cellular and genetic toxicity by the induction of
oxidative stress. In comparison to bulk materials, nano particles may be more toxic and
or beneficial and they have the potential ability of passing the cell membrane of plant
because of their general size between 1 to 100nm. SiO2 and Mo nano particles are one of
the major and frequently used engineered oxide nano particles. Good germination of
seeds were observed in the presence of SiO2 (10-20 nm) and Mo (<100 nm) nano
particles. SiO2 nano particles had showed no toxic effect on rice growth, whereas root
growth and elongation were arrested with Mo nano particles after 50 mg L-1. In many
cases root necrosis was occurred. Massive adsorption of Mo nano particles into the root
system was responsible for the toxicity. The uptake of both the nano particles was
observed with rice seedlings. Application of silica nano particles enhanced the root
length, root volume and dry matter weight of shoot and root of rice crop. Aluminum
oxide nanoparticles, commonly found in everything from cosmetics to environmental
catalysts that reduce pollution, can stunt root growth in five plant species (corn,
cucumber, soybean, carrot and cabbage. Effect of Nano-TiO2 on Strength of Naturally
Aged Seeds and Growth of Spinach" showed that titanium dioxide nanoparticles
promote photosynthesis and nitrogen metabolism, and then greatly improved growth of
spinach at a proper concentration. Several types of manufactured nanoparticles
inhibited seed germination and root growth of radish, rape, ryegrass, lettuce, corn, and
cucumber, particularly zinc and zinc oxide nanoparticles. Zinc and zinc oxide
nanoparticles inhibited root growth of rape seeds, corn and practically terminated root
development of the other five plant species. Alumina nanoparticles had no phytotoxicity
except for corn whose root elongation was reduced by 35%. Aluminum nanoparticles
had no obvious effect on cucumber, but, promoted the root growth of radish and rape,
and significantly retarded root elongation of ryegrass and lettuce.

53

[NAOP-6]
NANOSTRUCTURAL BASIS OF FOOD PRODUCT QUALITY
Vinod S Sankari1, Roopadevi 2 and Akshata S Patil3
1Department

of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and University of Agricultural

Sciences, Raichur

2Department

of Plant Pathology and 3Department of Crop Physiology

College of Agriculture and University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad.

Correspondence: roopadevism@gmail.com
Despite the existing problems of food insecurity in many parts of developing countries,
global agriculture in the 21st century has undergone the consumers are increasingly
demanding for steady supply of consistent quality extending organoleptic attributes to
meeting and their health and their nutritional needs. Measuring and predicting quality
reliable is therefore an important for postharvest engineering of agri-foods. Agriculture
and other bio-industries inherently generate large volume of data on the environment,
crops, animals, inputs and processes. Mining these data and integrating the results into
an agricultural information system facilitates good enterprise management. As most
farms and other agricultural enterprises are often located in rural areas distant from
main communication centres, the development of high capacity information networks
will facilitate the collection, analysis and transmission of vital information, which the
backbone of precission agriculture. Boosting the carrying capacity of existing optical
networks using nanowires and nanocircuits could make it possible to achieve
instantaneous mining and transmission huge data for multiple applications including
agriculture.

54

[NAOP-7]
NANOAGRICULTURAL MECHANIZATION
Roopadevi1, Akshata S Patil2 and Vinod S Sankari3
1Department

of Plant Pathology

2Department

of crop physiology

College of Agriculture and University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad,

3Department

of Horticulture

College of Agriculture and University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur.

Correspondence: roopadevism@gmail.com

Development in electric technology, in conjugation with mechanical technology, paved

the way for automation and control of agricultural operations. Such electrochemical
systems have enhanced equipment nanouverability and control, environmental
quantification and control such as greenhouse and animal hosing. In this regard, silicon
based integrated circuits played a pivotal role, the predicted that integrated circuit
performance would double every 18 months, presumably from increased transistor
counts and operating frequencies and reduced dimensions. Today, the prospectors of
transistors at the molecular and atomic scale further enlarge the opportunities in the
evolution and application of nanotechnology in the development of the next phase of
miniaturized micro electro machinery for agriculture mechanization. We consider
nonagricultural mechanization as the revolutionary technology that extends the horizon
where the current farm mechanization stops. The prospects of scaling transistors all the
way down to the size of individual molecules and incorporating this into future
agricultural machinery is an exciting application of nanotechnology which is set to have
wide application in agricultural automation and control as well as other industries.

55

[NAOP-8]
FOOD PATHOGEN DETECTION BY USING NANO-BIOTECHNOLOGY
Roopadevi1, Vinod S Sankari2 and Akshata S Patil3
1Department

of Plant Pathology; 3Department of Crop Physiology

College of Agriculture and University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad.

2Department

of Horticulture

College of Agriculture and University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur

Correspondence: roopadevism@gmail.com

Pathogen detection market encompasses medical, military, food and environmental

industries along with the food pathogen testing markets are close. Microorganisms are
producing a range of characteristics volatile compounds that may be useful as well as
harmful to human beings. E.g., yeasts are beneficial for fermentation, bacterial eat sugar
there by producing alcohol as by-product. Dairy products, bakery products and other
food products are ideal media for rapid growth for wide range of microorganisms.
Bacteria are the most common cause of food rotting. The presence of foul odour is an
indication for food rotting. Human nose can literally detect and distinguish thousands of
odours, which are sometimes impractical and could also be a further cause for
poisoning. Sometimes it is more practical to use instruments to detect these odours with
what we popularly known as rapid detection biosensors can minimize the need for food
processors to perform lengthy microbial testing and immunoassay on materials
suspected of carrying food-borne pathogens. Detecting contaminants through by using
of enzymes simply will release products which might be harmful. Enzymes can be used
as sensing element, since they are known to be very specific in attachment to certain
biomolecules.

56

[NAOP-9]
NANOTECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN
CROP IMPROVEMENT
Jhansi Rani P1*, Satyanarayana PV2 , Lal Ahamed M1 and Chamundeswari N2
1Department

of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Agricultural College, ANGRAU, BapatlaAndhra Pradesh.

2Department

of Genetics and Plant Breeding, APRRI & RARS, ANGRAU, Maruteru.

* Correspondence: jhansiranipuli@gmail.com

Nanotechnology has the potential to advance agricultural productivity through genetic

improvement of plants, delivery of genes and drug molecules to specific sites at cellular
levels, and nano-array based gene-technologies for gene expressions in plants under
stress conditions. The potential is increasing with suitable techniques and sensors being
identified for precision agriculture, natural resource management, early detection of
pathogens and contaminants in food products, smart delivery systems for agrochemicals
like fertilizers and pesticides, smart systems integration for food processing, packaging
and other areas like monitoring agricultural and food system security. Further
developments in nanotechnology in this sector can be expected to become the main
economic driving forces in the long run and benefit consumers, producers, farmers,
ecosystems, and the general society at large. In India, the importance of research and
development in nanotechnology has been recognized as of paramount importance. If
Indian agriculture is to attain its broad national goal of sustainable agricultural growth
of over 4%, it is important that the nanotechnology research is extended to the
agricultural total production-consumption system, that is, across the entire agricultural
value chain. Nanotechnology will give rise to a host of novel social, ethical,
philosophical and legal issues. It is important to have a regulatory mechanism in place
to predict and work to alleviate anticipated problems.

57

[NAOP-10]
ROLE OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
Naseeruddin R1, Prasad TNVKV*2 and Sumathi V1
1Department
2Nanotechnology

of Agronomy, S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati-517 502

laboratory, Institute of Frontier Technology, Regional Agricultural

Research Station, Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Tirupati 517 502.

*Correspondence: tnvkvprasad@gmail.com
Presently, the agricultural sector is facing various global challenges: climate change,
urbanization, sustainable use of resources, and environmental issues such as run-off and
accumulation of pesticides and fertilizers. These situations are further exacerbated by
the growing food demand that will be needed to sustain an estimated population
growth from the current level of about 6 billion to 9 billion by 2050. Agronomists are left
with the critical duty of feeding more people from agricultural fields which are
decreasing correspondingly. Consider that, the amount of arable lands changed very
slightly and may even have reduced in some parts of the world due to urbanization. In
addition, satellite images reveal that the earth is quickly running out of fertile land and
that food production will soon be incapable to keep up with the growing world
population. In India, fertilizers, along with quality seed and irrigation, are mainly
responsible for enhanced food grain production. Fertilizers have an axial role in
enhancing the food production especially after the introduction of high yielding and
fertilizer responsive crop varieties. It has been conclusively demonstrated that fertilizer
contributes to the tune of 35-40% of the productivity of any crop. In spite of this, it is
known that yields of many crops have begun to depression as a result of imbalanced
fertilization and decrease in soil organic matter. Moreover, excessive applications of
nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers affect the groundwater and also lead to
eutrophication in aquatic ecosystems. Such cases along with the fact that the fertilizer
use efficiency is about 20-50 percent for nitrogen and 10-25 percent for phosphorus
fertilizers implies that food production will have to be much more efficient than ever
before. In order to address issues of low fertilizer use efficiency, imbalanced fertilization,
multi-nutrient deficiencies and decline of soil organic matter, it is important to evolve a
nano-based fertilizer formulation with multiple functions. Nanostructured formulation
through mechanisms such as targeted delivery or slow/controlled release mechanisms,
conditional release, could release their active ingredients in responding to
environmental triggers and biological demands more precisely. There is the possibility
of using these mechanisms to design and construction of nanofertilizers. The use of
these nanofertilizers causes an increase in their efficiency, reduces soil toxicity,
minimizes the potential negative effects associated with over dosage and reduces the
frequency of the application. Nanofertilizers mainly delay the release of the nutrients
and extend the fertilizer effect period. Obviously, there is an opportunity for
nanotechnology to have a significant influence on energy, the economy and the
environment, by improving fertilizers. Hence, nanotechnology has a high potential for
achieving sustainable agriculture, especially in developing countries.

58

[NAOP-11]
NANO HERBICIDES- A SMART WAY OF NANO TECHNOLOGY FOR
ERADICATION OF WEEDS
Shobha Rani P and Prathima T
1&2 Regional

Agricultural Research Station, Tirupati

Correpondence: pshobharani1990@gmail.com

Nanotechnology is a science of manipulating materials at Nano scale. Among the latest

technological advancements, nanotechnology occupies a central position. It has many
applications in all stages of production, processing, storing, packaging and transport of
agricultural products. Among all the areas one of the most important invention in Nano
technology is Nano Herbicides. Weeds are big hazard in agriculture; they reduce the
yield up to a great extent. So there is no other option except eradicating them.
Nanotechnology has potential to get rid of weeds by using Nano herbicides in an ecofriendly way, without leaving any toxic residues in soil and environment. Less amount
of herbicide will be used if active ingredient is combined with a smart delivery
system. Having size in Nano dimensions, these will blend with soil particles and
prevent the growth of weed species that have become resistant to conventional
herbicides. Developing a target specific herbicide molecule encapsulated with Nano
particle is aimed for specific receptor in the roots of target weeds, which enters into roots
system of the weeds and translocated to parts that inhibit glycolysis of food reserves in
the root system ultimately making the specific weed plant to starve for food and gets
killed. The reduced use of herbicides with increased efficiency, controlled release and
targeted delivery will lead to sustainable agriculture and opens way for precision
farming.

59

[NAOP-12]
NANOTECHNOLOGY: A POTENTIAL TOOL IN SPICE, AROMATIC AND
DRUG INDUSTRY
Surya Kumari S1, Giridhar K1 and Naram Naidu L2
1AICRP
2Chillies

on Spices, Horticultural Research Station, Lam, Guntur-522034

Improvement Scheme, Horticultural Research Station, Lam, Guntur-522034

Correpondence: surya.surepeddi@ gmail.com

Spices, medicinal and aromatic crops are commodities of commerce with significant
secondary metabolites and bio-active compounds, where quality of the produce is an
exceedingly important aspect for trade. The present scenario offers numerous avenues
for the application of nanotechnology which improves the characteristic of microstructured bioactive compounds by enhancing their water solubility, bio-availability,
increasing absorbancy and antioxidant properties, facilitating stable dispersion and
dissolving of ingredients homogeneously. Organic nano-sized additives help in
retaining function and taste attributes. Edible nanocoatings work as a tool to deliver
colours, flavours, antioxidants, enzymes and anti-browning agents, and improve the
shelf life of manufactured foods even after the pakage is opened. Apart from general
applications, detection of geographical origin, preservation of quality and freshness,
better traceability and security of food products, residue, adulterant and aflatoxin
detection and monitoring, packaging and preservation, drug preparation and delivery,
and detection of bio-contaminants are imperative. The health benefits, stability and oral
bioavailability could be enhanced by encapsulation in nanoemulsions. Nanoparticles
when used during transit and storage of spices avoid lumping. Robust electronic nose
systems can be deployed for spice flavour discrimination. Adulterants with sudan dyes
can be detected with polyethyleneimine coated copper nano clusters and cFLISA was
developed for AFB1 detection. Microbial contamination can be reduced with irradiation
of samples packaged by Poly Ethylene films with nano silver particles as in saffron.
Phytosynthesis of NPs was promising for packaging, delivery and enhancing the
efficacy of various drugs. AuNPs-conjugated cfH (ciprofloxacin) derived from garlic
were found to have better antibacterial activities. CeO2 and NPS as soil application
altered the nutritional properties of coriander leaves opening vistas for new research in
toxicological studies. The delivery, fate and toxicity of engineered nano particles (ENPs)
need a comprehensive research approach to ensure safe, high quality produce. Issues
pertaining to food quality, safety and toxicity are of primary importance as these are
widely used in numerous food preparations. As these crops are unique in nature, a
special attention is needed on evolving data on risk assessment and regulatory aspects
so that trans-national trade is unhindered.
60

[NAOP-13]
FORTIFICATION AND MODIFICATION IN AGRICULTURE THROUGH
NANOTECHNOLOGY
Sharath Kumar Reddy Y, Eswara Reddy G, Nagendra Reddy B, Deepthi kiran Y
S.V. Agricultural College, Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University.
Tirupati,
Agriculture is the backbone of most developing countries with more than 60% of the
population reliant on it for their livelihood. But, today agriculture world facing major
challenges like climate change, urbanization, sustainable use of natural resources and
environmental issues like run off and accumulation of pesticides, fertilizers and
pollution etc., Nanotechnology is the art and science of manipulating matter at the
atomic (or) molecular scale and holds the promise of providing significant improvement
in technologies for protecting the environment. Nanotechnology is the emerging
scientific field of 21st century which involves working with materials and devices that
are at nanoscale level. The definition of nano food is that nanotechnology techniques (or)
tools are used during cultivation, production, processing (or) packaging of food.
Food fortification and modification: Nanotech companies are working to fortify
processed food with nano-encapsulated nutrients, its appearance and taste boosted by
nano-developed colours, its fat and sugar content removed (or) disabled by nanomodification and its mouth feel improved. Food fortification will be used to increase the
nutritional claims that can be made about a given processed food . Nanotechnology will
also enable junk foods like icecream and chocolate to be modified to reduce the amount
of fats and sugars that body can absorb. This could happen by replacing some of fats
and sugars with other substances (or) by using nanoparticles to prevent the body from
digesting (or) absorbing these components of food. In this way, nano industry could
market vitamin and fibre- fortified, fat and sugar blocked junk food as health promoting
and weight reducing.
Monitoring quality of agriculture products: Many vitamins and their precursors, such
as carotenoids are insoluble in water. However, when formulated as nanoparticles these
substance can be easily be mixed with cold water and their availability in the human
body also increases. Many lemonades and fruit juices contains these specially
formulated additives which often also provide an attractive colour. In future bio and gas
sensors could gain importance which could be integrated in packaging materials to
monitor the freshness of food.
Conclusion: Research in nanotechnology has extremely high potential to benefit society
through application in agriculture and food systems. Nanotechnology holds the
potential of such system becoming a reality, agriculture has long dealt with improving
the efficiency if crop production, food processing, food safety and environmental
consequences.

61

[NAOP-14]
IMPACT OF NANO ZnO SPRAY IN INFLUENCING THE GROWTH AND
BIOMASS PRODUCTION OF BRASSICA CROPS
Satisha GC*, Prasad T NV K V1, Bharathi K, Shruthi TS, Mazhar Jamil and
Ganeshamurthy AN
Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bengaluru 560
089, Karnataka, India
1Institute

of Frontier Technology, Acharya N.G Ranga Agricultural University,

Tirupati 517 502, India
*Correspondence: satishagc@gmail.com

Zinc plays an important role in nutrition of horticultural crops and its deficiency is now
known to be widespread in soils of India. The corrective measures involve application
of zinc fertilizers (ZnSO4) to the soils or to foliage as sprays. Recently the colloidal
solution of zinc oxide nanoparticles is known to be better source of Zn as fertilizer
without the harmful factors of chemical fertilizer and also have potential to boost the
yield and growth of crops. The effect of foliar application of zinc oxide nanoparticles
(ZnO NPs) on growth and biomass production of brassica crops viz., cabbage and
cauliflower was

studied in field experiments conducted during Rabi season of 2014-15

at Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore. At 45 days after planting, plant

height, plant growth parameters and plant dry matter yield were measured. Zn contents
were partitioned into leaves, stump and roots.

Plant height and dry matter yield of

both cabbage and cauliflower differed markedly between different levels of Nano ZnO
and ZnSO4 (a common source of Zn supplement).

A positive significant

growth response was apparent in plants sprayed with ZnO NPs as compared to control.
A significant increase in all plant growth parameters was obtained at the concentration
of 150 mg l-1 ZnO NPs.

In contrast, a significant reduction of the growth parameter

measured was obtained at a concentration of 250 mg l-1. Analysis of the Zn contents in

plants sprayed with ZnO NPs showed that substantial amount accumulated in the
leaves, stump, and roots of these crops.

62

[NAOP-15]
ADULTERANT, MYCOTOXIN AND BIO-CONTAMINANT DETECTION IN
SPICES: RELEVANCE OF NANO-TECHNOLOGY
Giridhar K1, Surya Kumari S1 and Naram Naidu L2
1AICRP
2Chillies

on Spices, Horticultural Research Station, Lam, Guntur-522034

Improvement Scheme, Horticultural Research Station, Lam, Guntur-522034

E-mail: gkalidasu@yahoo.com

Spice trade requires preservation of quality, aroma, flavour and taste over extended
periods. Nanotechnology is an area of emerging interest and opens up a whole
gamut of new possibilities for the challenges in spice industry. Nano spice packaging
improves and alerts food safety, maintains stability of packaging, produce stronger
flavours and colour quality, and even release preservatives to extend shelf life.
Formation of nanocomplexes or nanocomposite immobilizing matrices that can be
easily detected with biosensors paved the way for easy and reliable adulterant
detection in spice industry. Modification of present adulterant detection systems like
HPLC with carbon nano-tube-ionic liquid gel modified electrode, opened new vistas
for novel detection systems. Plasmon resonance light scattering signals of silver
nanoparticles and rapid fluorescence assay for the detection of adulterants as Sudan
dyes using polyethyleneimine-coated copper nanoclusters were found promising.
Novel mycotoxin detection systems using anti-fungal monoclonal antibodies and
magnetic NPs with remarkable purification which takes approximately 5 minutes for
detection and may replace the lengthy conventional immuno-affinity columns
methods and offer immense scope in monitoring and control of mycotoxins. Biocontaminant detection in packaging for safety by increasing the barrier properties
can be achieved through nanomaterial use. The gold label developed from
denatured

amplicons

of

biocontaminant

provided

reliable

detection

of

biocontamination. Nanotechnology changes the scope of adulterant, mycotoxin and

bio-contaminant detection in spices immensely.

63

[NAOP-16]
NANOTECHNOLOGY - APPLICATION IN CROP IMPROVEMENT
Hemalatha V*, Dilip Babu J, RVSK Reddy and Rajasekhar M
Dr.Y.S.R. Horticultural University (Dr.Y.S.R.H.U), Venkataramannagudem,
West Godavari-534 101, Andhra Pradesh, India.
*Correspondence: hema.vutukuri@gmail.com

Nanotechnology is the design, fabrication and utilization of materials, structures,

devices and systems through control of matter on the nanometer length scale and
exploitation of novel phenomena and properties (physical, chemical, biological) at
that

length

scale

in

at

least

one

dimension.

Potential

applications

of

nanobiotechnology in agriculture are high throughput DNA sequencing and

nanofabricated gel-free systems, microarrays and expression profiling, increasing the
speed and power of disease diagnostics, creating bio-nanostructures for getting
functional molecules into cells and miniaturizing biosensors. Coupled with powerful
approaches such as association genetic analysis, DNA sequencing data of the crop
germplasm, including the cultivated crop gene pool and the wild relatives can
potentially provide highly useful information about molecular markers associated
with agronomically and economically important traits. DNA microarrays are being
used to detect mutations in disease-related genes, monitor gene activity, identify
genes important to crop productivity and improve screening for microbes used in
bioremediation. Tiny sensors offer the possibility of monitoring pathogens on crops
and livestock as well as measuring crop productivity. In addition, nanoparticles
could increase the efficiency of fertilisers. Thus, nanotechnology has wider uses in
biotechnology, genetics, plant breeding, disease control, fertilizer technology,
precision agriculture and allied fields etc.

64

[NAOP-17]
BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF MGO NANOPARTICLES ON MUNG BEAN
(VIGNA RADIATA L.) PLANT GROWTH PARAMETERS
Siva Kumari B1, Jayarambabu N1, Venkateswara Rao K2, Prabhu YT2
1Department
2Centre

of Botany, Andhra Loyola College, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India

for Nano Science and Technology, Institute of Science and Technology,

JNTU Hyderabad, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, Telangana-500085, India.

E-mail: alcbotanyvij@gmail.com

Agricultural science is a branch of science and is familiar with the properties of

nanomaterial and their potential applications. Current research work aimed to test the
beneficial effects of MgO nanoparticles on seed germination of mung bean (Vigna radiata
L.)

The MgO nanoaprticles were prepared by chemical method in this method,

magnesium acetate used as a precursor and sodium hydroxide used as a reducing agent.
The synthesized MgO nanoparticles were subjected to characterization techniques such
as viz., XRD, PSA, FTIR, TG/DTA and SEM. The graded concentrations (0.0, 50, 100 and
150 mg) of MgO nanoparticle suspensions were prepared using ultrasonicator. The
selected seeds were soaked in the suspension for 12 hours and transferred into pots. The
observations were noted regarding seed germination and growth parameters of the
mungbean plants.

Application of MgO nanoparticles significantly enhanced the

characteristics of seed germination. In current work the MgO treated material has
improved seed germination, seed germination index, seed vigour index, seedling fresh
shoot, root length, seedling fresh weight and dry weight. Therefore the results obtained
were very clear that MgO nanoparticles has a significant impact on seed germination.

Figure 1: Illustrating the effect of MgO nanoparticles

65

[NAOP-18]
EFFECT OF NANO ZNO PARTICLES ON GERMINATION AND SEEDLING
VIGOUR IN RABI SORGHUM
Poornima R1* and Koti RV2
Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Science,
Dharwad-580005, Karnataka
* Correpondence: poornimarjoshi@gmail.com

The soil of North Karnataka is calcareous in nature with high pH and has low Zn
content. The rabi sorghum grown in the region suffers from low Zn nutrition and low Zn
content in the seed. Zinc sulphate application to the soil is usual practice but, not
sustainable in long run. In recent years, Nanotechnology has been found to solve many
of the agriculture related problems with tremendous improvement as compared to
conventional agriculture systems. The applications of nano sized nutrients are efficient
in their uptake and translocation because of high surface area and reactivity. Hence, an
attempt has been made to see the response during seedling stage for nano particle Zn.
The sorghum (cv M-35-1) seeds were treated with 1,10,100,500,1000 ppm of nano ZnO
(30nm size) and bulk ZnSO4. Then the seeds were kept in petriplates for incubation at
2610C. The observation indicated the highest germination in nano ZnO 500 ppm (100%)
as compared to Zn SO4 (95%). Root (21.4 cm) and shoot length (15.97cm) was
significantly higher in ZnO treatment than ZnSO4 (19.63, 14.57). Overall data indicates
that nano particles are having significant positive effect on root growth and seedling
vigour. Further, growth and yield related studies have to be conducted.

66

[NAOP-19]
THE ROLE OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN HORTICULTURAL CROPS
Koteswara Rao G*, Ashok P and Sasikala K
Horticultural College & Research Institute, Dr YSRHU, V R Gudem 534 101
* Correspondence: gkraohorti@gmail.com

Horticulture science has been defined as science and art of cultivating and
handling of fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants. Human population is
increasing rapidly, so providing sufficient and healthy food is becoming a very
important problem in the near future. Now, increasing production efficiency and
decreasing post-harvest wastage with using the findings of novel scientific researches
such as biotechnology and nanotechnology in products, could be counted as the best
solution to this problem. Nanotechnology using particular characteristics of
nanoparticles can be a very useful technology in all science and industry branches.
Nowadays, a lot of usages of nanotechnology in agricultural sciences have been
established.

In

relation

with

extension

of

horticultural

products

shelf

life,

nanotechnology can help us in some grounds viz., controlling growth and development
of microorganisms, introducing a new generation of packaging coverages (Films) and
controlling influence of gases and the harmful rays (UV), increasing strength, quality
and packaging beauty, and using the multiple chips (Nanobiosensors) for labeling
products that considered as fundamental step to automated control of storages. Several
investigations support that nano-packing material had quite beneficial effects on
physicochemical and physiological quality compared with normal packing material.
Furthermore, these nano-packing materials have the advantages of simple processing
and industrial feasibility in contrast with other storages, some of which are timeconsuming, costly and alter color and flavor. Therefore, the nano-packing may provide
an attractive alternative to improve the preservation qualities of fruits, vegetables and
other valuable horticultural crops during extended storage.

67

[NAOP-20]
EFFECT OF TIME OF APPLICATION AND CONCENTRATION NANO ZINC
SULPHIDE (ZnS) ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF SUNFLOWER
(HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.)
Dharam Singh Meena1, Aravinda Kumar BN1 and Savalgi VP 2
1Department

of Agronomy and 2 Department of Agricultural Microbiology

College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad-580005

In India, Zn is now considered the fourth most important yield-limiting nutrient. Zinc is
required for chlorophyll production, pollen function, fertilization and germination. Zinc
plays important role in biomass production and has a vital role in several body
functions. Similarly, plant nutrient Sulphur (S) is required by the plants in amounts
similar to phosphorus (P) and is important for protein synthesis and is known to be a
constituent of sulphur containing amino acids like cystine, cysteine and methionine.
Functionally, sulphur significantly influences the yield and quality of crops, improves
odour and flavors and imparts resistance to cold and hence it is generally considered a
quality nutrient. Among oilseed crops, sunflower has gained good popularity among
the growers because of its attractive price and demand for its oil. Because it is an energyrich oilseed crop, sulphur nutrition assumes greater importance in comparison to other
nutrients. In the absence of sulphur, carbohydrates are not fully utilized for the
formation of oil. Sulphur deficiency in sunflower is detrimental to seed yield and
quality. Further the problem is aggravated by excessive use of chemical fertilizers which
cause serious environmental hazards as only a fraction is really absorbed by plants,
about 40-70% of nitrogen and 80-90% of phosphorus of the applied normal fertilizers are
lost to the environment and could not absorbed by crops, which not only causes large
economic and resource losses but also very serious environmental pollution. In this
situation, use of nanofertlizers play a great role. The nano-fertilizers have higher surface
area, solubility and particles size of less than 100 nm has been found desirable in
increasing use efficiency of nutrients in the plant system. Roots and leaves have nano
and micro-pores, nano fertilizers have small size and large surface area can increase the
interaction with plant surface and improve uptake. Preliminary studies were conducted
to test the effect of ZnS nano fertilizer applications on sunflower crop under polyhouse
conditions. Green synthesis of nano zinc sulphide was carried out at the Department of
Biotechnology, UAS, Dharwad, Karnataka based on One-step colloidal synthesis of
biocompatible water-soluble ZnS quantum dot/chitosan nano conjugates (Mansur et. al,
2013). For characterization of nano zinc sulphide solution UVVis spectroscopy
measurements were conducted and observed for similar wave length and bandgap
energy by indirect calculation following a standard procedure. Nano zinc sulphide
solutions used as foliar spray on sunflower crop and observed that all the five
concentrations (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm) of nano zinc sulphide significantly
resulted in higher plant height, no. of leaves/ plant and chlorophyll content over
control. Among concentration 400 ppm recorded maximum plant height.

68

[NAOP-21]
NANONEPHROLOGY: A NOVEL TOOL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
Saisruthi K* and Sreedevi A
Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology,
Sri Padmavathi Mahila Visvavidyalayam, Tirupati.
Correspondence: sruthisai7@gmail.com
Nanoparticles have emerged in the medical field as a technology well-suited for the
diagnosis and treatment of a variety of disease states. They have been heralded as
efficacious owing to both in terms of improved therapeutic efficacy as well as reduction
of treatment side effects in some cases. Nanomaterials have unique physicochemical
properties; can be used to overcome some of the limitations found in traditional
therapeutic agents and diagnostic methods. Nanonephrology is a branch of
nanomedicine and nanotechnology that deals with the study of kidney protein
structures at the atomic level, nanoimaging approaches to study cellular processes in
kidney cells and novel medical treatments that utilize nanoparticles and to treat various
kidney diseases. The diverse research and applications of NPs in the field of kidney
disease alone has opened new avenues of treatment, disease detection, and disease
monitoring. Nanoparticles had been employed in kidney targeting and kidney imaging,
renovascular hypertension, in acute renal failure, kidney transplantation, ischemic
reperfusion injury, chronic kidney disease and renal malignancy. The ability to direct
events in a controlled fashion at the cellular nano level has the potential of significantly
improving the lives of patients with kidney diseases.

69

[NAOP-22]
NANOPESTICIDES FOR ENHANCED EFFICACY AND GREENER
ENVIRONMENT
Pinnamaneni Rajasekhar1 and Potineni Kalidas2
1Department

of Biotechnology, Sreenidhi Institute of Science and Technology,

Yamnampet, Ghatkesar, R. R. District-501 301

2Entomology

Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Oil Palm Research,

Pedavegi, West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh. 534 450

Correspondence: pinnamaneniraj@yahoo.com

The beginning of civilization depended on agriculture, so is its future. There has

been an increase in the use of biodegradable materials of biological origin as matrix
material such as beeswax, cornoil, or lecithin, or cashew gum being viewed
ecofriendly, when associated with active ingredients of natural origin, could be
considered for use in organic crop production. Many natural substances are known
to exhibit pesticidal properties but they are generally rather unstable and require
protection against premature degradation. Nanopesticides represent an attractive
technological advancement in contrast to pesticide usage, offering a range of benefits
including increased efficacy, durability, and a reduction in the amounts of active
ingredients that need to be used in protecting the environment and human health.
Biologically more active and relatively environmentally-safe pesticides as
nanoformulations in the form of nanospheres, nanogels, or nanobers, have the
objective of developing less harmful plant-protection products through the use of
biodegradable polymers or active ingredients of natural origin. The types of
polymers considered for nanopesticides are similar to those used in the
pharmaceutical or cosmetic sectors, consisting mainly of polysaccharides (e.g.,
chitosan, alginates and starch), polyesters (e.g., poly--caprolactone, and
polyethylene glycol). More than 3,000 patent applications for nanopesticides have
been lodged in the past decade. Polymer-based nanoformulations have greater
efficacy compared to commercial formulations and have multiple applications such
as the release of active ingredients in a slow and targeted manner, protecting active
ingredients against degradation and increasing the apparent solubility of active
ingredients that are poorly water soluble.

70

[NAOP-23]
NANOTECHNOLOGY IN PLANT DISEASE DIAGNOSIS AND
MANAGEMENT
Santoshreddy Machenahalli, Nargund, VB and Madhu S Giri
Department of Plant Pathology,
College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad-580005
e-mail: santosh3881@gmail.com

Plant diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, viroids and phytoplasma are of
paramount importance to farmers because they reduce quality and crop yield. In order
to manage these plant diseases early detection is most important. Molecular techniques
like PCR based methods and serological techniques are being used. In addition to this
nanotechnology can be used as diagnostic tool for early and quick disease detection.
Nano particles and quantum dots have emerged as pivotal tool for detection of a
particular

biological

marker

with

extreme

accuracy.

The

advancement

in

nanofabrication and characterization tools has enabled studies of physical, chemical and
biological interactions between plant cell organelles and various disease causing
pathogens. A better understanding of plant pathogenic mechanisms such as flagella
motility and bio film formation will lead to improved treatment strategies to manage the
diseases and protect the crops. Various forms of silver, zinc, gold and copper
nanoparticles finding better place in plant disease management. Nanotechnology
provides new agrochemicals and new delivery mechanisms to improve crop
productivity; promises to reduce pesticide use and reduce overall pollution of
environment.

71

[NAOP-24]
AN OVERVIEW OF NANOTECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS IN AGRONOMY
Srinivasulu DV, Prabhakara Reddy G, Nagarjuna V and Prajapati P
Department of Agronomy, S. V. Agricultural College, Tirupati, A.P.
Correspondence: dv.seenujnv20@gmail.com
Agriculture in 21st century facing a wide spectrum of challenges today such as
stagnation in crop yields, low nutrient use efficiency, declining soil organic matter,
multi-nutrient deficiencies, climate change, shrinking arable land and water availability
and shortage of labour besides exodus of people from farming. So to address these
problems and to attain a sustainable growth in agriculture at the rate of 4% there is a
need to explore such a technology that can shape the modern agriculture in a more
productive fashion that would ultimately lead to precision farming in a cost-effective
way with the delivery of just the right amount of input at the right time. Among the
latest line of technological innovations in the field of agriculture one of the frontier
technologies is Nanotechnology which occupies a distinguished position in
remodelling agriculture and food production to fulfil the demands in an efficient and
cost-effective way while ensuring environmental safety and higher use efficiency. In the
past few decades use efficiencies of N, P and K fertilizers have remained constant as 3035%, 18-20% and 35-40%, respectively. In order to address various issues of low fertilizer
use efficiency it is important to evolve a nano-based fertilizer formulation with multiple
functions. It was shown that 640 mg ha-1 foliar application (40 ppm concentration) of
nanophosphorus gave 80 kg ha-1 P equivalent yield of clusterbean and pearl millet
under arid environment. These preliminary results suggest that balanced fertilization
may be achieved through nanotechnology. Further nano-based fertilizers have greater
role in hydroponics in the near future. Super water adsorbents made by nanotechnology
has an important role in storage and protecting water in arid and semiarid regions.
Detoxification of weed residues is necessary as excessive use of herbicides for longer
period of times leaves residues in soil and causes damage to succeeding crops.
Nanotechnology has potential to get rid of weeds by using Nano-herbicides in an ecofriendly way without leaving any toxic residues in soil and environment. Up to 88%
detoxification of a herbicide atrazine by Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC)
nanoparticles has been reported. Less amount of herbicide will be used if active
ingredient is combined with a smart delivery system. Having size in nano dimensions,
these will blend with soil particles and prevent the growth of weed species that have
become resistant to conventional herbicides. Wireless nano-sensors across the cultivated
fields providing essential data for agronomic processes like optimal time of planting,
time and amount of water, fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides application, harvesting of
the crops etc. The reduced use of herbicides, pesticides and fertilizers with increased
efficiency, controlled release and targeted delivery will lead to precision farming. This is
moving precision agriculture to a much higher level of control. It will increase
agricultural potential to harvest higher yields in eco-friendly way even in challenging
environment.

72

[NAOP-25]
EFFICIENCY OF NANOFERTILIZERS IN AGRICULTURE
Vakada Manasa, Chaitra SP*, Hebsur NS, Hebbara M and NargundVB
University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka-580005.
Correspondence: chaitrasp.sp@gmail.com

Nano fertilizersare the particles of nano size which can supply essential nutrients for
plant growth, have higher use efficiency and can be delivered in a timely manner to a
rhizospheric target or by foliar spray. Nanofertilizers are molecular modified or
synthesized materials used to improve the fertility of soil for a better yield and increased
crop quality.Use of nano-fertilizer to control delivery of nutrients can be a powerful tool
towards attaining sustainable agriculture. Fertilizer contributes to the tune of 35-40% of
the productivity of any crops. Implement of nanotechnology in agriculture through
fertilizer modification is one of the possible choices to increment in the crop production
and feed the worlds increasing population. Encapsulation of fertilizers within a
nanoparticle can be done in three ways a) the nutrient can be encapsulated inside
nanoporous materials b) coated with thin polymer film or c) delivered as particle or
emulsions of nanoscales dimensions. Nanofertilizers will combine nanodevices in order
to synchronize the release of nutrients with crop uptake, so as to prevent undesirable
nutrient losses.

The use of nanofertilizers causes an increase in their efficiency,

minimizes the potential negative effects associated with over dosage of fertilizers and
reduces the frequency of fertilizer application.

73

[NAOP-26]
NANOTECHNOLOGY: A POTENTIAL TOOL IN SPICE, AROMATIC AND
DRUG INDUSTRY
Surya Kumari S1, Giridhar K1 and Naram Naidu L2
1AICRP
2Chillies

on Spices, Horticultural Research Station, Lam, Guntur-522034

Improvement Scheme, Horticultural Research Station, Lam, Guntur-522034

Correpondence: surya.surepeddi@ gmail.com

Spices, medicinal and aromatic crops are commodities of commerce with significant
secondary metabolites and bio-active compounds, where quality of the produce is an
exceedingly important aspect for trade. The present scenario offers numerous avenues
for the application of nanotechnology which improves the characteristic of microstructured bioactive compounds by enhancing their water solubility, bio-availability,
increasing absorbancy and antioxidant properties, facilitating stable dispersion and
dissolving of ingredients homogeneously. Organic nano-sized additives help in
retaining function and taste attributes. Edible nanocoatings work as a tool to deliver
colours, flavours, antioxidants, enzymes and anti-browning agents, and improve the
shelf life of manufactured foods even after the pakage is opened. Apart from general
applications, detection of geographical origin, preservation of quality and freshness,
better traceability and security of food products, residue, adulterant and aflatoxin
detection and monitoring, packaging and preservation, drug preparation and delivery,
and detection of bio-contaminants are imperative. The health benefits, stability and oral
bioavailability could be enhanced by encapsulation in nanoemulsions. Nanoparticles
when used during transit and storage of spices avoid lumping. Robust electronic nose
systems can be deployed for spice flavour discrimination. Adulterants with sudan dyes
can be detected with polyethyleneimine coated copper nano clusters and cFLISA was
developed for AFB1 detection. Microbial contamination can be reduced with irradiation
of samples packaged by Poly Ethylene films with nano silver particles as in saffron.
Phytosynthesis of NPs was promising for packaging, delivery and enhancing the
efficacy of various drugs. AuNPs-conjugated cfH (ciprofloxacin) derived from garlic
were found to have better antibacterial activities. CeO2 and NPS as soil application
altered the nutritional properties of coriander leaves opening vistas for new research in
toxicological studies. The delivery, fate and toxicity of engineered nano particles (ENPs)
need a comprehensive research approach to ensure safe, high quality produce. Issues
pertaining to food quality, safety and toxicity are of primary importance as these are
widely used in numerous food preparations. As these crops are unique in nature, a
special attention is needed on evolving data on risk assessment and regulatory aspects
so that trans-national trade is unhindered.
74

[NAOP-27]
POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURE
Nagamani C* and Deepthi Kiran Y
Department of Agronomy, S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati 517502.
*Correspondence: cnagamani80@gmail.com

Nanotechnology is the engineering of functional systems at the molecular scale. Several

applications of nanotechnology are of interest to agriculture, although even in
developed countries, nanotechnology is not currently in widespread use in the
agricultural sector. Applications of nanotechnology currently noted to be in the food
production chain include nanosensors and nanoagricultural chemicals. Nanosensors are
capable of detecting very small amounts of chemical contaminants, viruses, and bacteria
in food, water, and environmental media. Of particular importance to developing
countries are the nanotechnology applications addressing low use efficiency of inputs
(such as nutrients, irrigation water, and pesticides) and stress of drought and high soil
temperature. Nanoscale agrichemical formulations increase the use efficiency and
decrease losses into the environment. More efficient nutrient delivery can be expected to
result in increased yields. Nanoporous materials capable of storing water and slowly
releasing it during times of drought can also be expected to increase yields. Applications
of nanotechnology to reduce the effects of aflatoxin will increase the weight of food
animals, resulting in more usable meat.

75

[NAOP-28]
NANOTECHNOLOGY IN AGRI-FOOD PRODUCTION
Reshma A*, Parlapalli Sharmila and Bhagavatha Priya T
Dept. of Crop Physiology, S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati
*Correspondence: reshmaamasa@gmail.com

Agri-food nanotechnology is anticipated to become a driving economic force in the near

future. Agri-food themes focus on sustainability and protection of agriculturally
produced foods, including crops for human consumption and animal feeding.
Nanotechnology provides new agrochemical agents and new delivery mechanisms to
improve crop productivity, and it promises to reduce pesticide use. Nanotechnology can
boost agricultural production, and its applications include:

nanoformulations of

agrochemicals for applying pesticides and fertilizers for crop improvement;

the

application of nanobiosensors in crop protection for the identification of diseases and

residues of agrochemicals; nanodevices for the genetic manipulation of plants; plant
disease diagnostics;

animal health, animal breeding, poultry production; and

postharvest management. Nanotechnology uses include nanoparticle-mediated gene or

DNA transfer in plants for the development of insect-resistant varieties, food processing
and storage, nanofeed additives, and increased product shelf life. Nanotechnology
promises to accelerate the development of biomass-to-fuels production technologies.
Raising awareness of nanotechnology in the agri-food sector, including feed and food
ingredients, intelligent packaging and quick detection systems, is one of the keys to
influencing consumer acceptance.

76

[NAOP-29]
APPLICATIONS OF NANO-SENSORS IN PRECISION FARMING
Parlapalli Sharmila*, Kadiri mohan, Amasa Reshma
Department of Agricultural economics,
S.V. Ag. College, Tirupati 517502.
Correpondence: sharmilareddyagrico08@gmail.com

Agriculture provides food for humans, directly and indirectly. Given the increasing
world population, it is necessary to use the modern technologies such as bio and
nanotechnologies in agricultural sciences. Nanotechnology has been defined as
relating to materials, systems and processes which operate at a scale of 100
nanometers (nm) or less Nanotechnology has many applications in all stages of
production. Wireless nanosensors for precision agriculture Crop growth and field
conditions like moisture level, soil fertility, temperature, crop nutrient status, insects,
plant

diseases,

weeds,

etc.

can

be

monitored

through

advancement

in

nanotechnology. Such real-time monitoring is done by employing networks of

wireless nano-sensors across the cultivated fields, providing essential data for
agronomic processes like optimal time of planting and harvesting of the crops. It is
also helpful for monitoring the time and amount of water application, fertilizers,
pesticides, herbicides and other treatments. This has moved precision agriculture to
a much higher level of control, for instance, in water usage, leading eventually to
conservation of water. More precise water delivery systems are likely to be
developed in the near future. The factors critical for such development include water
storage, in situ water holding capacity, water distribution near roots, water
absorption efficiency of plants, encapsulated water released on demand, and
interaction with field intelligence through nano-sensor systems.

77

[NAOP-30]
ROLE OF AGRINANO TECHNOLOGY FOR SECOND GREEN REVOLUTION
Parlapalli Sharmila*, Kadiri mohan, Amasa Reshma
Department of Agricultural economics,
S.V. Ag. College, Tirupati 517502.
Correpondence: sharmilareddyagrico08@gmail.com

Agriculture is the backbone of most developing countries like India, with more than
60% of the population relying on it for their livelihood. India is basically an agrarian
economy and has experience production boost during First Green Revolution. But
the agricultural growth rate is experiencing a plateau and there is immediate need
for enhancing agricultural productivity for maintaining self-sufficiency in
agriculture. Nanotechnology is the latest buzz word in the field of engineering and
technology which can play as a catalyst for enhancing agricultural growth rate.
Nanotechnology as an interdisciplinary technology can play a leading role in
overcoming problems in agriculture. The First Green Revolution witnessed during
early 70s culminated in tremendous yield increase through four basic elements of
production system viz. semi-dwarf high yielding varieties of rice and wheat,
extensive use of irrigation, fertilizers and agro-chemicals. It is going to make drastic
changes in almost every aspect of economic life of 21st century. Initial spurt in
agricultural growth rate as a result of the First Green Revolution has experienced
distinct slowdown in recent years. There is urgent need to enhance productivity
through technological as Nanotechnology, intervention. In general parlance,
nanotechnology is a science of miniature. The road map for development of
Nanotechnological application in agriculture is very logical.

78

[NAOP-31]
ROLE OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURE AND ANIMAL SCIENCES
Sukumar K1, Swapna G2, Kumar G*, Udaya Bhanu K3, Praveen Kumar Y**,
PedaBabu B4 , Kaladhar Babu K5 and Raghu B6
1

Scientist (Pl.Br), AICRP on Soybean, ARS, Adilabad; 2Assistant Professor, College of

Veterinary Science, Korutla; 3Senior Research Fellow, IIMR, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad;

4

Assistant Professor, College of Horticulture,Mojerla; 5Assistant Professor, College of

Horticulture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad; 6 Seed officer, Nizamabad; *Senior Research

Fellow, ARS,Adilabad; **Programme Coordinator, KVK,Adilabad
Correpondence: rennysukmar@gmail.com
Population has been increasing at an alarming rate. Due to excessive exploitation of
resources resulted in depletion of raw materials in various sectors, especially the
petroleum on which Agricultural sector depends mostly. Anthropogenic activities
further aggravated the problems of present agriculture and animal sectors. Conventional
plant breeding techniques followed by the present Biotechnology provided solutions
and resulted in increased productivity. However, land resources have been limiting day
by day and hence there is a need of another technology to meet the food demand of the
increasing population. Nanotechnology has been emerging as a potential technique to
provide the solutions for early and effective control of pest and diseases, quality
improvement and also the, animal health. Nanosensors and nano-based smart delivery
systems will be employed in efficient use of agricultural natural resources like water,
nutrients and chemicals through precision farming. Through the use of nanomaterials
and global positioning systems with satellite imaging of fields, farm managers could
remotely detect crop pests or evidence of stress such as drought.Accordingly, there
would be automatic adjustment of pesticide applications or irrigation levels when the
problem is identified. Nanosensors can also detect the presence of plant viruses and the
level of soil nutrients. Nano encapsulation increases the life of the active ingredient by
providing protection against adverse climatic conditions. Nanoencapsulation comprises
nano-sized particles of the active ingredients will be sealed by a thin-walled sac or
protective coating.This helps in controlled release of the active ingredient with efficient
pest and disease control. Nano pesticides reduce the rate of application by 10-15 times.
Nanoencapsulation comprises nano-sized particles of the active ingredients being sealed
by a thin-walled sac or protective coating. Among plant disesses, viral diseases are
difficult to control but this technology helps in early detection of viral DNA and initial
viral protein so as to take up early and effective control measures. Nanoencapsulated
slow release fertilizers have also become a trend to save fertilizer consumption and to
minimize environmental pollution. In rural areas, it is a common problem with the
artificial insemination due to failure of fertilization. In this, nanotube will be implanted
under skin to measure the real time changes in estradiol in blood. Nanotubes help in
detecting the oestrus in the animal and hence Nanotechnology improves the efficiency
of artificial insemination.
79

[NAOP-32]
ASSESSMENT OF PLANT DISEASE THROUGH NANOTECHNOLOGY
Somashekhargouda Patil and Poornima R
Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural sciences, Dharwad-580005,
Karnataka, INDIA

Nanotechnology is a promising field of interdisciplinary research and opens up a wide

array of opportunities in various fields like agriculture, medicine, pharmaceuticals and
electronics. The potential uses and benefits include insect pests management through
the formulations of nanomaterials-based pesticides and insecticides, enhancement of
agricultural productivity using bio-conjugated nanoparticles for slow release of
nutrients and water, nanoparticle-mediated gene or DNA transfer in plants for the
development of insect pest resistant varieties and use of nanomaterials for preparation
of different kind of biosensors, which would be useful in remote sensing devices
required for precision farming. Nanomaterials-based pesticides and insecticides
includes nano solution for protecting the food and agriculture from bacteria, fungus and
viral agents. Nanoparticles may act upon pathogens in a way similar to chemical
pesticides or the nanomaterials can be used as carrier of active ingredients of pesticides,
host defence inducing chemicals, etc. to the target pathogens. Because of ultra small size,
nanoparticles may hit/target virus particles and may open a new field of virus control in
plants. The disease diagnosis, pathogen detection and residual analysis may become
much more precise and quick with the use of nanosensors. Some of the nano particles
that have entered into the arena of controlling plant diseases are nanoforms of carbon,
silver, silica and alumino-silicates. Still there is a need to critically analyse the effect of
nano particles and its biosafety aspects with respect to environment.

80

[NAOP-33]
NANOTECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURE
Sasikala K* and Ashok P
Horticultural College & Research Institute, Dr YSRHU, V R Gudem 534 101
*

Correpondence: sasiagron@yahoo.in

Nanotechnology has great potential, as it can enhance the quality of life through its
applications in various fields like agriculture and the food system. Around the world it
has become the future of any nation. It deals with the physical, chemical and biological
properties of matter considered at nanoscale (1100 nm) and their implications for the
welfare of human beings. Nanoscale carriers can be utilized for the efficient delivery of
fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, plant growth regulators. The opportunity for
application of nanotechnology in agriculture is prodigious. Research on the applications
of nanotechnology in agriculture is less than a decade old. Nevertheless, as conventional
farming practices become increasingly inadequate, and needs have exceeded the
carrying capacity of the terrestrial ecosystem, we have little option but to explore
nanotechnology in all sectors of agriculture. Nanotechnology promises a breakthrough
in improving our presently abysmal nutrient use efficiency through nanoformulation of
fertilizers, breaking yield and nutritional quality barriers through bionanotechnology,
surveillance and control of pests and diseases, understanding the mechanism of hostparasite interactions at the molecular scale, development of new-generation pesticides
and safe carriers, preservation and packaging of food and food additives, strengthening
of natural fiber, removal of contaminants from soil and water bodies, improving the
shelf-life of vegetables and flowers, and use of clay minerals as receptacles for
nanoresources involving nutrient ion receptors, precision water management,
regenerating soil fertility, reclamation of salt-affected soils, checking acidification of
irrigated lands, and stabilization of erosion-prone surfaces, to name a few. But one must
be very careful with this new technology regarding its possible unforeseen related risks
that may come through its positive potential.

81

[NAOP-34]
NANOTECHNOLOGY ROLE IN HORTICULTURE
Majjiga Komala
Dr.Y.S.R Horticultural University
Horticultural college and research institute Anantharajupet-516105
*Correspondence: komalayadav89@gmail.com

Human population is increasing rapidly, so providing sufficient and healthy food is

becoming a very important problem in the near future. Now increasing production
efficiency and decreasing post-harvest wastage and control pest and diseases with
using the findings of novel scientific researches such as bio-technology and nanotechnology in products, could be counted as the best solution to this problem.Nanotechnology using particular characteristics of nano- particles can be a very useful
technology in all science and industry branches. In relation with extension of
horticultural products shelf life and control pest and diseases. Using the multiple
chips (Nano biosensors) for labelling products that considered as fundamental step
to automated control of storages. They have advantages over conventional chemical
methods which associated with ecotoxicity. Application of nanomaterial in crop
protection and in post-harvest technology for a cleaner and greener horticulture.

82

[NAOP-35]
SCOPE OF NANO TECHNOLOGY IN PATHOGEN CONTROL
Jyosthna MK, Chaithanya BH, Bhaskar B, Naga Lakshmi T, Khayum Ahmmed S,
Anil Kumar P, Sarada Jayalakshmi Devi R.
S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati 517 502.
Fungal and bacterial pathogens cause losses agricultural crops both during pre and post
harvest. Some of these organisms are host specific whereas others affect a wide variety
of crops causing huge economic losses. With the estimated doubling of global food
demand in next 50 years and huge challenges in food production, and the growing
demand for pesticide worldwide to control the pathogens and pests, there is a need to
tackle the excessive usage of pesticides and fertilizers by exploring alternate strategies.
One of the potential solutions will be controlled release of encapsulated pesticides
against pests and pathogens, early detection of plant disease and pollutants including
pesticide residues by using nanosensors. Among the biopolymer nano particles, chitosan
nanoparticles have got various applications in biology due to its biodegradable and
nontoxic properties. The modes of inhibition of chitosan are: alteration of permeability
of plasma membrane and leakage of cellular contents leading to death of cell due to
interaction of positively charged chitosan with negatively charged phospholipids of
pathogenic fungal membranes; Chelating of chitosan with trace elements, thus making
them unavailable for fungal pathogen growth (competition); penetrating into fungi and
binding to fungal DNA, leading to inhibition of synthesis of mRNA. Among the metallic
nano particles, silver, silica, copper and zinc nano particles can be used as new
antimicrobial agents and an alternative to synthetic fungicides to delay or inhibit the
growth of many pathogens species because of their multiple mode of inhibition. The
nano particles would be effective, especially for those organisms that are less sensitive to
antibiotics because of poor penetration of some antibiotics into microbial cells. Silver
ions and nano particles affect colony formation of spores and disease progress of fungi
and it was also found that inhibition of fungal pathogens with silver nanoparticles is
concentration dependent and on type of silver nanoparticles used. Silicon (Si) increases
disease resistance and stress resistance in plants and also stimulates the physiological
activity and growth of plants. Because of bio-compatibility of copper with chitosan,
nanohydrogels can be included as a new generation of copper-based bio-pesticides and
it could also be developed into an efficient delivery system for copper based fungicides
for plant protection. Low melting point soda-lime glass powder containing copper
nanoparticles showed efficient antimicrobial activity against gram-positive, gramnegative bacteria, yeast and fungi, due to inhibitory synergistic effect of the Ca2+
lixiviated from the glass. ZnO nanoparticles cause deformation of fungal hyphae and
prevent the conidiophores and conidial development which ultimately leads to the
death of fungal hyphae. Nanotechnology holds the promise of controlled delivery of
agrochemicals to improve disease resistance, plant growth enhancement. Nano
encapsulation shows the benefit of more efficient and targeted use of pesticides in ecofriendly manner. Barring the minute limitations, nanomaterials have a tremendous
potential in making crop protection methodologies cost effective and environmental
friendly. But it needs further research investigations for putting it practically in vivo,
keeping in view of its application in agriculture being newer.

83

[NAOP-36]
AN OVERVIEW OF NANOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH ACTIVITES IN THE
AGRICULTURAL SECTOR
VIJAY KUMAR NAIK D1 , Sarada Jayalakshmi Devi R2, Reddy BVB3
1
2 Professor

Dept of Plant Pathology , Agricultural college Mahanandi

and Head, Dept of Plant Pathology, S. V. Agricultural college, Tirupati

3 Senior

Scientist, Dept of Plant Pathology, IFT, RARS, Tirupati

Correpondence: d.v.naik07@gmail.com

The aim of application of nonmaterials in agriculture is to reduce utilisation of plant

protection products, minimize nutrient losses in fertilization and increase the yield
through optimized nutrient management. Nanotechnology devices and tools like
nanocapsules, nanoparticles and viral capsids used for the detection and treatment of
diseases, the enhancement of nutrients absorption by plants, the delivery of active
ingredients to specific site and water treatment processes. The use of target specific
nanoparticles can reduce the damage to non-target plant tissues and the amount of
chemicals released into the environment. Nanoparticles derived from biopolymers such
as proteins and carbohydrates with low impact on human health and the environment.
The potential of starch based nanoparticles as nontoxic and sustainable delivery systems
for agrochemical and biostimulants is being extensively investigated. Nanomaterials
and nanostructures with unique chemical, physical and mechanical properties such as
electrochemically active carbon nanotubes, nanofibers and fullerenes. These nanosensors
have also relevant implications for application in agriculture particular for soil analysis,
easy biochemical sensing and control, water management and delivery, pesticide and
nutrient delivery. In recent years, agricultural waste products used as a source of raw
materials for nanometerial production. Nanocomposites have beneficial properties
compared to traditional micro and macro composite materials and additionally their
production is more sustainable.

84

[NAOP-37]
INSECTS AND NANOSCIENCE: AN INTIMACY
Naveena NL1, Saroja S2 and Ranganath HR3
1Department

of Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore

2&3Division

of Entomology and Nematology, IIHR, Bangalore.

Over years of evolution nature has developed many unique structures with very
attractive properties. One such creation is Insects. These small creatures could be
harmful to mankind in many ways, i.e., by destroying the crops and spreading deadly
diseases. In mean time they give us thoughts to manage the wealth and health of human
kind from being affected and further if we carefully study them we could achieve
wonderful things in the history of evolution. Researchers across the world have come up
with innovative ideas by use of insect structures like wing surface having nano-inmicrostructures with hydrophobic and frictionless properties, complicated elytra design
of beetles, compound eyes and hearing system. By imitating these insect models, they
have developed advanced instruments viz, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), nanotaggants, machine-insects and nanocides which in turn are useful to the researchers to
understand these small creatures more precisely and further extract immense
information to develop the field of nanotechnology. Nanotechnology is an area of
research with an ability to manipulate the structure and property of complex material at
tiny level. The advantage of these nanotechnology-based approaches in the field of
insect science is enormous. At present we are applying nanotechnology to study insect
physiology, morphology and pest management. Nanotechnology plays a major role to
increase the effectiveness of pheromones and botanical insecticides in terms of shelf life
and efficacy However, it is immensely required to study the risks involved in using this
new approach in insect science, their possible effects on insect biodiversity, health and
environmental issues. What may be the issue, in nature Insects are unbelievable
nanotechnologists, but at present nanoscience is an emerging field in entomology and is
in nascent stage, but it could take off at any time.

85

[NAOP-38]
POTENTIALS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT
AGRICULTURE
Basavesha, KN1, Poornima R2 Noor Nawaz AS1 and Jagadeesh Yadav DK1
1Department

of Agricultural Microbiology, 2Department of Crop Physiology

University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad-580 005

*Corresponding author: poornimarjoshi@gmail.com

The prediction is that nanotechnology will transform the entire food industry, changing
the way food is produced, processed, packaged, transported and consumed. The nano
sized particles show differences in physical strength, chemical reactivity, electrical
conductance, magnetism, and optical effects. The developed countries have emerged
efficiently to utilize nanotechnology in modern agriculture for crop management called
Controlled Environment Agriculture (CEA) providing excellent platform to apply
nanotechnology in agriculture. With many of the monitoring and control systems
already in place, nanotechnological devices for
CEA that provide scouting
capabilities could tremendously improve the growers ability to determine the best time
of harvest for the crop, the vitality of the crop, and food security issues, such as
microbial or chemical contamination. Nanosensors and nano-based smart delivery
systems could help in the efficient use of agricultural natural resources like water,
nutrients and chemicals through precision farming. Use of nonmaterials and global
positioning systems with satellite imaging of fields, farm managers could remotely
detect crop pests or evidence of stress such as drought. In such cases, there would be
automatic adjustment of pesticide applications or irrigation levels. Nanosensors
dispersed in the field can also detect the presence of plant viruses and the level of soil
nutrients. Nanoencapsulated slow release fertilizers have also become a trend to save
fertilizer consumption and to minimize environmental pollution. In addition, it can offer
routes to added value crops or environmental remediation. With the help of
electrospinning, scientists produce 100 nm fibers used as a fertilizer or pesticide
absorbent. Scientists have also succeeded in effective production of ethanol from maize
and cellulosic feed stocks through aligning their work on nano-engineered enzymes that
will allow simple and cost-effective conversion of cellulose to ethanol. Similarly, Rice
husk is used in the production of nanosilica through nanotechnology can alleviate the
growing rice husk disposal concern. Hence, future agriculture has to rely on
nanotechnology with the perspectives of prospection.

86

[NAOP-39]
NANOTECHNOLOGY: SECOND GREEN REVOLUTION IN INDIA
Sasikala K and Ashok P
Horticultural College & Research Institute, Dr YSRHU, V R Gudem 534 101
Correpondence: sasiagron@yahoo.in

India is basically an agrarian economy and has a experience production boost during
First Green Revolution. But the agricultural growth rate is experiencing a plateau and
there is immediate need for enhancing agricultural productivity for maintaining self
sufficiency in agriculture. Nanotechnology is the latest buzz word in the field of
engineering and technology which can play as a catalyst for enhancing agricultural
growth rate. Nanotechnology has myriad agricultural application across the spectrum
which includes both on-farm as Nanosensors which may detect plant disease and offfarm which include nano packaging or nano coating which increases self life of the food
products. At least, forty four countries of the world including India are pursuing R&D
for Nanotechnological application in agriculture for alleviating malnutrition and to
achieve Second Green Revolution. So far, it has been done mainly for developed
countries only and now it is up to the Indian researchers and scientists to innovate and
adapt them to suit the socio-economic milieu. The broad implication of Nanotechnology
for society can be grouped into two categories, namely environmental, health and safety
implication and societal dimensions. Responsible development of Nanotechnology
entails along with aggressive R&D towards agricultural application of Nanotechnology,
research must be carried out towards understanding the public health and safety of all
those who are producing and will consume them. Even if India does not adopt
nanotechnological initiative in agriculture, there are chances that they will come in the
Indian market due to liberalization and opening up of the economy.

87

[NAOP-40]
NANOCOMPOSITES - FUTURE PERSPECTIVE OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
Sreedevi A and Prasanthi D
Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology,
SPMVV, Tirupati.
Correpondence: prasanthi.doppalapudi@gmail.com
Nanoparticles represent promising drug carrier for various drug delivery systems.
Nanotechnology helps in increasing the solubility and bioavailability of drugs. Recently
Nanotechnology has acquired great importance because of its applications in several
areas such as pharmacy, electronics, computers, biotechnology etc. In spite of such
importance the instability of nanoparticles gives rise to aggregation which deters its use
for specific applications. Other disadvantages of Nanoparticles include limited drug
loading, formation of toxic metabolites, difference in physical handling of nanoparticles
in liquid and dry forms. Stabilization of nanoparticles can be achieved by making a
composite. Polymer nanocomposites consist of a polymer having nanoparticles or
nanofillers dispersed in the polymer matrix. Various methods have been reported for
stabilizing and capping of nanoparticles. Coating of nanoparticle and its surface
modification with functional polymers have been achieved to give resistance to
oxidation and possibility of embedding such modified nanoparticles in different
composites. Benefit of coating nanoparticle is avoidance of spread of nanoparticle to the
environment due to bonding between the substrate and coated nanoparticle. Synthesis
of Polymer nanocomposites is carried out based on insitu polymerization of monomers
inside the galleries of the inorganic host and melt intercalation of polymers.
Nanocomposites thus formed were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis),
X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron Microscopy (SEM). Not only polymer
nanocomposites are helpful in speeding up the growth of replacement bone when
applied as a scaffold but also helpful to the surgeons to better see the tumour during
surgery. The technological advance and manufacturing cost reduction have promoted
their use in the different fields.

88

[NAOP-41]
FUNGICIDAL ACTION OF THE MYCOGENIC SILVER NANOPARTICLES
AGAINST ASPERGILLUS NIGER INCITING COLLAR ROT DISEASE IN
GROUNDNUT (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L)
Bhaskar Ba, Khayum Ahammed Sa, Sarada Jayalakshmi Devi Ra and Prasad
TNVKVb
aDepartment

of Plant Pathology, S.V. Agricultural College, Acharya N G Ranga

Agricultural University, Tirupati 517 502

bNanotechnology

laboratory, Institute of Frontier Technology, Regional Agricultural

Research Station, Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Tirupati 517 502

Myconanotechnology is the study of nanoparticles synthesis using fungi and their

applications. The present work reports on preparation, characterization and antifungal
activity of biogenic silver nanoparticles produced by the fungus Trichoderma sp. which
was collected from groundnut rhizosphere. The culture filtrate of Trichoderma sp. was
used for the reduction of silver ions (Ag+) in AgNO3 solution to the silver (Ag0)
nanoparticles. The different ages (4 days, 6 days, 8 days, 12 days and 15 days) of culture
filtrates were screened for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Synthesized silver
nanoparticles were characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometer, Particle size and
Zeta potential analyzer, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR) and
Transmission Electron Microscopy. Among the all treatments the silver nitrate solution
treated with six days aged culture filtrate of Trichoderma sp. showed the UV absorption
peak

at

440

nm

The TEM micrographs

with

maximum

showed the spherical

intensity

(0.59) after 24 hrs incubation.

shaped silver nanoparticles

with

an

average size of 30 nm. The antifungal activity of silver nanoparticles against Aspergillus
niger causing collar rot disease in groundnut and aspergillosis in humans showed the
highest per cent inhibition at 100 ppm concentration (74.8%). The results points to the
usage of these mycogenic AgNPs in agriculture to control plant diseases.

89

[NAOP-42]
EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT OF FRUIT PESTS BY PHEROMONE NANOGELS
Jahnavi M, Ramakrishna Rao A, Venkateshwarulu NC, Devaki K
Institute of Frontier Technology, Department of Entomology, Regional Agricultural
Research Station, S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati- 517502, A.P., India
Environment-friendly management of fruit flies involving pheromones is useful in
reducing the undesirable pest populations responsible for decreasing the yield and the
crop quality. The nanogel was thermoreversible in nature, a property which was found
to be useful for its long term use in the field. A nanogel has been prepared from a
pheromone, methyl eugenol (ME) using a low-molecular mass gelator. ME alone is a
colorless semi-viscous liquid which turns yellow on solubilization of the gelator 1 (2.5
mg/mL) upon brief warming of the mixture to ~65C. In this condition, the pheromone
did not undergo any decomposition. When cooled to room temperature without any
external perturbation for a period of 1015 min, the yellow solution turned into a thick,
viscous orange colored mass, which did not flow under the influence of gravity when
the vial was inverted upside down demonstrating the onset of gelation. The gelation
was retained unperturbed even after several consecutive heating and cooling cycles
(from room temperature to 70C). Thus the preparation of the nanogels (1 + ME) is
indeed convenient without requiring addition of any organic solvents or chemical crosslinking agents etc. Also, after several heat-cool cycles, or upon exposure to open orchard
for a number of weeks, neither a thermal or photo-chemical decomposition of ME
occurred. This ensured good chemical stability of the resulting nanogels. This was very
stable at open ambient conditions and slowed down the evaporation of pheromone
significantly. This enabled its easy handling and transportation without refrigeration,
and reduction in the frequency of pheromone recharging in the orchard. Notably the
involvement of the nano-gelled pheromone brought about an effective management of
Bactrocera dorsalis, a prevalent harmful pest for a number of fruits including guava. Thus
a simple, practical and low cost green chemical approach is developed that has a
significant potential for crop protection, long lasting residual activity, excellent efficacy
and favorable safety profiles. This makes the present invention well-suited for pest
management in a variety of crops.

90

[NAPP-1]

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURE: SCOPE AND ITS CURRENT

RELEVANCE
Koteshi Lamani
Department of seed science and technology,
Agricultural college, UAS, Dharwad, Karnataka-580005
Correspondence: koteshlamani@gmail.com

Agricultural scientists are facing a wide spectrum of chanllenges in crop

production system such as crop yield stagnation, low nutrient use efficiency,
declining organic matter, multi-nutrient deficiencies, climate change, shrinking
arable land and water availability, resistance to GMOs and shortage of labour
besides exodus of people from farming. Under the immense pressure from various
spheres of Indian agricultural scenarios, we need to attain a sustainable growth in
agriculture to the tune of 4% to meet the food security challenges. To address all
the demand ahead, we should think of an alternate technology such as
Nanotechnology to precisely detect and deliver the correct quantity of nutrients
and pesticides required by the crops in suitable proportion that promote
productivity while ensuring environmental safety and use efficiency. The
nanotechnology can be exploited in the value chain of entire agriculture
production system from plough to plate. This would require focussing on
technologies that increase agricultural productivities, product quality and
resource use efficiencies that reduce on farm costs, raise the value of production,
and increase farm incomes; as well as on conserving and enhancing the quality of
the natural resource base. It would also require conscientious efforts to provide a
system to deliver these innovations based on nanotechnology to a product
delivery stage and ensure that these reach the rural stakeholders at the end of the
agri-value chain. However, their success depends on many factors like market
demand, profit margin, environmental benefits, risk assessment and management
policies in the back ground of other competitive technologies. Therefore, a
brainstorming session is essential.

91

[NAPP-2]

BENEFICIAL EFFECT OF ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES ON RICE PLANTS

Rameshraddy, Pavithra GJ, Hajira khanm and Shankar AG*
University of agricultural science, GKVK-Bangalore
*Corresponding author: ambara8@hotmail.com or rameshreddy4844@gmail.com

Nanotechnology is an innovative science and its application in agriculture field is well

appreciated. Its major scope in agriculture is been addressed for using nano fertilizer in
crop production and for biofortification. In our study an attempt was made to know the
effect of nano zinc particle (ZnO) for improving growth, yield and nutrient content of
rice over bulk zinc sources such as Zn sulphate and Zn gluconate. Initially the Zn
concentrations for seed priming were standardized in-vitro. The standardized Zn
concentrations were used to conduct pot experiment with different method of
applications like seed priming, foliar application and their combinations. Results
showed that the use of nano ZnO through any method of application has a significant
positive effect on growth, yield and seed Zn content compared to Zn-gluconate and Zn
sulfate. Furthermore, the investigation on the effect of nano ZnO particles during water
stress revealed the importance of Zn in imparting stress tolerance. The expression
analysis of Zn/Cu SOD has significantly supported the activated plant tolerance
mechanism during stress as a result of Zn treatments. Overall the study exposes the
promising effect of nano Zn fertilizers and its scope in improving the plants and the
human nutrition.

92

[NAPP-3]
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES
FOR EFFECTIVE ORAL DELIVERY OF CUCUMIN
Sowmya C1 and Lava Kumar V*2
1Raghavendra
2Sri

Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapur-515721

Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy, Sree Sainath Nagar, Tirupati-517102

*Corresponding : lavanyalavakumar@gmail.com

Curcumin is a polyphenol obtained from the plant Curcuma longa. It is non-toxic and
proved effective as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-septic. More
recently Curcumin was investigated for anti-cancer property by its cell cycle regulation,
apoptosis, tumerogenesis and metastasic effects. Though it was proved as an effective
anticancer drug, it was not being administered by convenient oral routes as it has lower
oral bio-availability, since it is attributed for its lower solubility and poor dissolution.
The aim of the present investigation is to prepare curcumin nanoparticles with a vision
of increase in its solubility and dissolution further to increase its oral bioavailability. The
High pressure homogenization technique was adopted in the preparation of

drug

nanoparticles using lipids. The drug and excipient compatibility were studied by FT-IR
studies. The size of obtained nanoparticles was ranging from 100 to 1000 nm and the
zetapotential was -20 to - 38 mVs . The SEM picture showed the developed nanoparticles
was spherical in shape with smooth surface. The results of in-vitro dissolution studies
reported the enhanced solubility and dissolution of drug Hence, preparation of
curcumin nanoparticles using lipids is a promising approach to enhance the dissolution
of poorly soluble drugs like curcumin.

93

[NAPP-4]
APPLICATIONS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN MODERN
AGRICULTURE PRACTICES
Vinod Kumar P1 and Kishore Kumar Yadav N2
1Krishi

Vigyan Kendra, Utukuru,

2Project

Officer, DWMA, Kadapa.

Correspondence: p.vinod.horti@gmail.com
Nanotechnology has the potential of application in the food industry and processing as
new tools for pathogen detection, disease treatment delivery systems, food packaging
and delivery of bioactive compounds to target sites. Although nanofood is still in its
infancy; however, these particles are now finding application as a carrier of
antimicrobial polypeptides required against microbial deterioration of food quality in
the food industry. Another challenging area is nano-encapsulation of pesticides that
releases the pesticides within the stomach of the insect, thus minimizing contamination
of crops and vegetables. The current nanotechnology applications in food science
provide the detection of food pathogens, through nanosensors, which are quick,
sensitive and less labour-intensive procedures. With the increasing health consciousness
among consumers, it is possible to use nanosensors in plastic packaging to detect gases
released due to food spoilage. However, it is well known that the nanoparticles
equipped with new chemical and physical properties that vary from normal macro
particles of the same composition may interact with the living systems thereby causing
unexpected toxicity. Limited toxicological/safety assessments have been carried out for
a few nanoparticles; hence studies relevant to oral exposure risk assessment are required
for particles to be used in food.

94

[NAPP-5]
EFFECT OF TiO2 NANO PARTICLES ON SEED GERMINATION AND
GROWTH OF TOMATO

Bimal Das*, Priya B1, Debnath K, Satyanarayana NH, Sarkar KK and Mukherjee S
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, BCKV, Nadia, West Bengal, 741252
* Correpondence: bimal.das987@gmail.com

Nanotechnology, the process to generate, manipulate, and deploy nanomaterials,

represents an area holding significant promise for the agricultural scenario. The present
experimental investigation demonstrates the effect of nano Anatase -TiO2 (<100nm size),
particles on the seed germination and growth of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedling
using local variety Patharkuchi. Tomato seeds were treated with different concentrations
of nanoscale TiO2 (10, 20, 30, 40, 50mg L-1) and the effect of this treatment was studied
on seed germination and seedling growth characteristics. The experiment was
conducted at laboratory and arranged on base on completely randomized design (CRD)
with 3 replications including 20 seeds in each replicates. The study was carried out in a
glass plate for 10 days of seedling growth. Application of nTiO2 significantly enhanced
the characteristics of seed germination and seedling growth for most of the treatment as
compared from the control. Based on biomass assay, it was found that the seedlings
displayed good growth over control, demonstrating a positive effect of the nanoparticle
treatment. Different concentration of nano particles showed good germination of seeds
and had no toxic effect on growth. Best performance was observed for germination
percentage in concentration 40 mg/lit and maximum roots and shoots growth in 50
mg/lit TiO2 concentration. Application of TiO2 stimulated a significant impact on the
seed germination potential and growth but it was found that the accumulation and
uptake of nanoparticles was dependent on the exposure concentrations. In particular,
the exposure of plants to nano materials and the impacts of such an exposure on plant
systems could open a new direction research on nanotechnology.

95

[NAPP-6]
IMPACT OF METALLIC NANOPARTICLES ON GROWTH AND
METABOLISM OF MAIZE

Elanchezhian R, Dameshwar Kumar and Guhey A

Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabi Bagh, Bhopal, India
Correspondence: elanrc@gmail.com; sinhadameshwar@yahoo.in

Nanomaterials have potential for improved nutrient utilization for enhanced plant growth.
The impact of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) on growth and metabolism of maize was studied
under hydroponic system using ZnO, CuO and Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Plant growth parameters
viz. plant height, root length, shoot biomass and root biomass were recorded in the
nanoparticle treated plants. Enhanced chlorophyll content and proline content of the plant
were observed with the application of nanaoparticles. The activity of antioxidant enzymes
viz. Super oxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and Peroxidase (POX) were recorded in
plants treated with NPs. It was observed that NPs doesnt affect the root growth of maize up
to 45 DAS but shoot growth was variably influenced after 30 DAS. Taller plants with more
biomass were observed with CuO NP treatment but not with Fe3O4 NP treatment. SOD
activity was observed after 30 DAS and CAT & POX activity was observed after 45 DAS.
FeNP and ZnNP treated plants showed moderate of activities of SOD/ CAT and CuNP
treated plants showed moderate POX activity. This indicated that the nanoparticles may
induce anti-oxidant enzymes in the plants which may scavenge the reactive oxygen species
and thereby reduce the oxidative damage in the maize plant.

96

[NAPP-7]
NATURAL NANOPARTICLES IN SOME INSECTS
Harathi PNa, Snehasish Routraya, Shilpakala Va, Lalitha Kb
aDepartment

of Entomology, bDepartment of Agronomy

S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati -517502.

Correspondence: harathip25@gmail.com, snehasishroutray@gmail.com

Nanoparticles are small in size with more charge and larger surface area with higher
stability and solubility, so behave differently from their bulk sized counterparts.
Naturally, insects are potential rich sources of nanoparticles, which help them in
geomagnetic sensing, foraging, homing, orientation, increasing aerodynamic
efficiency etc. In case of Solenopsis substitute (Fabricius), an ant, they act as
geomagnetic sensors which are located in the head, thorax and abdomen. The
presence of ferric iron in the abdomen of Solenopsis invicta worker ants recognize
magnetic signals with the help of magnetite. Isolated nanoparticles of insects have
diameters of about 12 and 11 nm in abdomen with petiole and head with antennae,
respectively. It is also reported that some insects behaviour is influenced by the
geomagnetic field due to the presence of biogenic magnetite in their body. Also,
ferromagnetic material (magnetic nanoparticles) has been detected in the abdomen
of Apis mellifera L., involved in magnetic reception. Honey bees use geomagnetic
field information for orientation, homing and foraging. Studies showed that
intracellular biomineralized magnetite could interact with the geomagnetic field
monitoring information on its intensity and direction. The ant Formica rufa L. uses
information from the geomagnetic field for orientation during the foraging process.
Studies reveal that magneto sensors are present in Pachycondyla marginata Roger, a
migratory and termitephagous ant, which hunts only the termite species
Neocapritermes opacus Hagen. Wings of butterflies possess bright colour components
in scales and these colour components are nothing but nanoparticles. In case of
silkworm, electrospun silk fibroin-based fibers with average diameter of 700 nm
were prepared from aqueous regenerated silkworm silk solutions. The electrospun
nanocomposite of silkworm silk helps in producing single wall carbon nanotubes
(SWNT) for drug delivery system. Numerous nanoparticles and their role in
physiology and behaviour of different insect species could be revealed using NanoScience.

97

[NAPP-8]
NANODEVICES FOR SCALING UP OF PRODUCTIVITY IN HORTICULTURE
Lalitha Kadiri1, Gopal K2, Mohan Kadiri3, Sadarunissa S1and Madhumathi C4
1Assistant

Professor, 2Associate Dean, Horticulture College and Research Institute,

Anantharajupet, Scientist, RARS, Tirupati,

4 Senior

Scientist & Head, HRS, Anantarajupet. Dr. Y.S.R. Horticultural University,

Anantharajupet, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh- 516105
(Email: lalithaprakash03@gmail.com)

Nanodevices such as nanocapsules, nanoparticles and nano containers etc. at a scale

ranging from 0.1 to 1,000 nm act as delivery systems to specific plant tissues for crops
fertilization and

plant protection. A nanocapsule consists of a shell constituted by

different elements, such as polymers, lipids, viral capsids or nanoclays that contains an
active compound, like an agrochemical product. Shell protects the active compound
until it is released, but it can also improve the solubility and the entry of the compound
into the plant tissues. Based on the characteristics of the shell, the active compound may
be released slowly or completely after the shell opening is triggered under certain
situations (e.g. pH change or enzymatic degradation). Nanodevices can be used in
horticulture to deliver nutrients into plants tissues at slow release rates for the long-term
feeding of plants, and to protect macro and micronutrients (e.g. P, Fe, Mn, Zn) in
alkaline soils, to detect low level of pesticide residues and soil nutrients etc , for the
delivery of plant protection products, to deliver biostimulant compounds slowly
through nanocontainers according to the plant needs, while being protected from
microbial degradation before plant uptake. These pesticides may be time released or
released upon the occurrence of an environmental trigger (e.g., temperature, humidity,
light). Nanofertilizers have the opportunity to profoundly impact energy, the economy,
and the environment by reducing nitrogen loss due to leaching, emissions, and longterm incorporation by soil microorganisms. It is unclear whether these pesticide
products will be commercially available in the short term. Finally, horticulture is not
only a field of application of different nanotechnological devices, but it can also be a
mean for the sustainable production of nanomaterials to be employed in horticulture or
other fields.

98

[NAPP-9]
CONTROL OF INSECT PESTS USING NANO PARTICLES- NOVEL
APPROACH
Hemasree E, Devaki K, Muralikrishna T, Ramakrishna Rao A,
Giridhara Krishna T
Regional Agricultural Research Station, Tirupati 517 502.
Correspondence: devaki_kayam@rediffmail.com

Nanotechnology is a promising field of interdisciplinary research. It opens up a wide

array of opportunities in various fields like insecticides, pharmaceuticals, electronics and
agriculture. The potential uses and applications of nanotechnology are enormous. These
include management of insect pests through the formulations of nanomaterials-based
insecticides. Traditional strategies like integrated pest management used in agriculture
are insufficient, and application of chemical pesticides have adverse effects on animals
and human beings apart from the decline in soil fauna and soil fertility. Therefore,
nanotechnology would provide green and efficient alternatives for the management of
insect pests in agriculture without harming the nature. Nanopesticides defined as any
formulation that intentionally includes elements in the nm size range claims novel
properties associated with these small size range, it would appear that some
nanopesticides have already been on the market for several years. Nanopesticides
encompass a great variety of products and cannot be considered as a single category.
Nanopesticides can consist of organic ingredients (e.g., a.i., polymers Ligninpolyethylene glycol-ethylcellulose Polyethylene glycol) and/or inorganic ingredients
(e.g., metal oxides) in various forms (e.g., particles and micelles) and natural products
like garlic essential oils. In recent studies it is known that many insects possess
ferromagnetic materials in the head, thorax and abdomen, which act as geomagnetic
sensors. This nature can be utilized effectively for the development of nano based
pesticide or biorational products for the management of crop pests. Use of nano
particles in surveillance and control of pest and diseases understanding the mechanisms
of host parasitic interactions at molecular level development of new generation
pesticides. The wider applicability of nano pesticides i.e., nano particles coated with
polyethylene glycol that were coated with natural oil of garlic can be utilized in the field
of storage pest management against adult stage of red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum
and Rhizopertha dominica. Polyphagous pests like Spodoptera littoralis in various field
crops can also be effectively managed by using silica nanoparticles which affects feeding
and reproductive preference. These also offered inbuilt resistance in tomato plants
against S.littoralis

99

[NAPP-10]
APPLICATIONS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN PLANT DISEASE
MANAGEMENT
Ranga Rani A, Khayum Ahammed S, Patibanda AK, Sarada Jayalakshmi
Devi R, Shaheda Nasreen S, Chandra sekhar Y, Sunil kumar Y
Department of Plant Pathology, S.V. Agricultural College,
Tirupati, ANGRAU, Andhra Pradesh.
Correspondence: atlarangarani@gmail.com
Plant pathologists are striving to develop a successful solution for protecting food
and agricultural products from bacteria, fungal and viral agents. Several
conventional and biological methods have been used for the control of these
pathogens and each of these methods has one or other limitations. Use of fungicides
cause hazardous effect on the environment and human health. Use of
nanotechnology provides a new solution to the problems in detection and plant
disease management. Fluorescent silica nanoprobes conjugated with the secondary
antibody of goat anti-rabbit IgG was used for detection of a bacterial plant pathogen
Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria (bacterial spot on solanaceous plants).
Application of silver in management of plant diseases with reference to two fungal
pathogens of cereals viz. Bipolaris sorokiniana (spot blotch of wheat) and Magnaporthe
grisea (rice blast). In vitro assays indicated that silver both in ionic and nanoparticle
forms inhibited colony growth of both the pathogens but M. grisea was
comparatively more sensitive to silver application. Antifungal effect of nano silver
colloids (average diameter of 1.5 nm) was studied against the powdery mildew
pathogen of rose caused by Sphaerotheca pannosa var. rosae. Nanosized silica-silver
particles were applied in field condition to control powdery mildew diseases of
cucurbits, 100% control was achieved after 3 weeks. These nanoparticles were found
to be phytotoxic only at a very high dose of 3200 ppm in cucumber and pansy plants.
Nanosized silica silver inhibited the growth and development of both Gram-positive
and Gram-negative bacteria. Nano-copper was reported to be highly effective in
controlling bacterial diseases viz. bacterial blight of rice (Xanthomonas oryzae
pv.oryzae) and leaf spot of mung (X. campestris pv. phaseoli).The antifungal activity of
zinc oxide (ZnO) and magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles were effective against
Alternaria alternate, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizopus stolonifer and Mucor plumbeus.
Fungicidal activity of nano-hexaconazole and conventional hexaconazole against
isolates of Rhizoctonia solani was evaluated and revealed that nanohexaconazole was
about two times more effective as compared to commercial hexaconazole.These
nanoparticles were found to be phytotoxic only at a very high dose of 3200 ppm in
cucumber and pansy plants. So use of nanotechnology in plant disease management
will protect the crops from loss of yield due to damage caused by diseases.
100

[NAPP-11]
NANOPARTICLES AS SMART TREATMENT-DELIVERY SYSTEMS IN
PLANTS
Chandra Sekhar Y, Khayum Ahammed S, Sarada Jayalakshmi Devi R, Prasad
TNVKV, Sunil Kumar Y, Ranga Rani A, Shaheda Nasreen S
Department of Plant Pathology, S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati-517 502.
Correspondence: chandu.008y@gmail.com
The great potential of using nanodevices as delivery systems to specific targets in living
organisms was first explored for medical uses. In plants, the same principles can be
applied for a broad range of uses, in particular to tackle infections. Nanoparticles tagged
to agrochemicals or other substances could reduce the damage to other plant tissues and
the amount of chemicals released into the environment. To explore the benefits of
applying nanotechnology to agriculture, the first stage is to work out the correct
penetration and transport of the nanoparticles into plants. Mainly the research is aimed
to put forward a number of tools for the detection and analysis of core-shell magnetic
nanoparticles introduced into plants and to assess the use of such magnetic
nanoparticles for their concentration in selected plant tissues by magnetic field
gradients. Gene transfer by bombardment of DNA-absorbed gold particles has been
successfully used to generate transgenic plants in a species-independent manner. The
efficient delivery of DNA and chemicals through silica nanoparticles internalized in
plant cells, without the requirement of specialized equipment. The nanoparticles can be
charged with different substances, introduced within the plants and, if necessary,
concentrated into localized areas by using magnets. some of the examples are Delivering
DNA into Plant Cell by Gene Carriers of ZnS Nanoparticles in tobacco cells by means of
ultrasound-assisted method for production of transgenic plants. In human beings
Nanoparticle-mediated systemic delivery of siRNA for treatment of cancers and viral
infections.

101

[NAPP-12]
NANOTECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN INSECT PEST
MANAGEMENT
Venkata Reddy LP and Hari Prasad KV
Department of Agricultural Entomology, S.V.Agricultural College,
Tirupati, AP- 517502.
*Correspondence: venki.ag.25@gmail.com
Nanotechnology is a promising field of inter-disciplinary research working at nano (10-9
m) levels. It opens up a wide array of opportunities in various fields such as agriculture,
pharmaceuticals, electronics etc. Modern agriculture is encountered with various biotic
and abiotic constraints. Among the biotic constrains, insect pest causing damage to
crops at various stages poses a serious threat to food production. Sole reliance on
synthetic chemicals for combating insect pest menace has not only led to resistance and
resurgence problems but also poses serious health hazards as residues. Under these
circumstances, nano technology could play a vital role as a component of IPM in areas
such as precision farming (controlled release formulation), nano pesticides (low
quantities as against bulk pesticides) etc. This technology not only reduces amount of
pesticide usage, thus minimising the danger of human exposure but also helps in
minimizing environmental pollution which is inherent in application of pesticides in
bulk quantities. Some of the successful instances are; The fumigant toxicity of Nanoencapsuled Essential Oil (NEO) against stored grain pest, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst)
where LC50 values were 11.24 ppm for NEO and 15.68 ppm for Pure Essential Oil (PEO)
for adult insects after 7 days of exposure time. Use of biodegradable nano particles for
the management of stored grain insects have been experimented by many workers with
promising results. The larvicidal effects of nano-silica against the larvae of Spodoptera
littoralis (Boisduval), have shown a mortality percentage of 64.18, 68.93 and 98.24 in the
250, 300 and 350 ppm concentrations respectively in comparison with control. The
miticidal activity of nanosulphur has been proved as superior than commercial sulphur
against red spider mite. In the field of biorationals, slow release Methyl eugenol
nanogels have been tested for efficient management of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel)
(Potential pest on number of fruits), over a longer period of time.

102

[NAPP-13]
NANOTECHNOLOGY-MONITORING QUALITY OF AGRICULTURAL
PRODUCTS
Shantha Kumari T
College of Horticulture & Research Institute. Anantharaj pet Rly. Kodur, Kadapa dist.

Nanotechnology is the creation and utilization of materials, devices and systems

through the control of properties and structure of matter at the nanometric level.
Nanotechnology is new and exciting field of research, in which recent advances in
nanotechnology are integrated into the biology team and in particular into molecular
biology and cell biology. Nature has been performing nanotechnological facts for
millions of years. Nanotechnology will leave no field untouched by its ground breaking
scientific innovations. The agricultural industry is no exception. Nanotechnology also
has applications in the agri food sector. Many vitamins and their precursors such as
carotenoids are insoluble in water. However, when formulated as nanopatticles, these
substances can be easily being mixed with cold water and their bio availability in human
body also increases. Many lemonades and fruit juices contain these specially formulated
additives, which often also provide an attractive colour. The world market potential of
such micronized components is estimated at $ 1 billion. In future bio and gas sensors
could gain importance. These sensors could be integrated into packing materials to
monitor the freshness of the food. Spoiling of the food could be indicated by a colour
change of the season. Bio surfaces are the new innovation of nano science technology
with a principle that surfaces are the environment and location on which most chemical
and biological interactions occurred. A bioselective surface has either an enhanced
ability to bind or hold specific organisms or molecules. With this bioselective surfaces
minute amount of chemicals and even presences of bacteria and viruses can be detected
with ease. These surfaces are important to the development of biosensors, detectors,
catalysts and the ability to separate or purify mixtures of bio molecules.

103

[NAPP-14]
NANOTECHNOLOGY- A BOON TO AGRICULTURE
Chamundeswari N*, Satyanarayana PV, Ravi Kumar BVNSR, Girija Rani M
Ranmana Rao PV and MohanVishnuvardhan K
APRRI & RARS, Maruteru
Nanotechnology is the concept of working with materials at a very small scale. To get an idea of just how small
this scale is, one nanometre is one-millionth of a millimetre, or half the width of a strand of DNA. At this scale,
the properties of materials change tremendously because of the large surface to volume ratio and changes in the
quantum mechanical behaviour of materials. The enormous surface area of nano-materials facilitates their
interaction with other substances, giving the nano-materials unique properties such as exceptional strength or
greater chemical activity. Researchers are exploring new applications for these unique properties, and the field of
nanotechnology is expanding rapidly, with applications in areas of medicine, electronics, engineering,
computers, energy, environment, plastics, Agriculture and food science etc. Although discoveries in these areas
may be of relevance for agriculture, there is also some direct interest in nanotechnology to aid agricultural
production. A few of them are Nano biotechnology offers a new set of tools to manipulate the genes using nanoparticles, nano-fibers and nano-capsules. Properly functionalized nano material serve as vehicles and could carry
a larger number of genes as well as substances able to trigger gene expression or to control the release of genetic
material throughout time in plants. Nanotechnology is heading towards taking the genetic engineering of
agriculture to the next level down atomic engineering. Atomic engineering could enable the DNA of seeds to be
rearranged in order to obtain different plant properties including colour, growth season and yield (Shweta
Agrawal and Pragya Rathore, 2014.). In mutation breeding instead of using physical mutagens like X ray, gamma
rays and chemical compounds like EMS and MMS for conventional induced mutations, nanotechnology has
shown a new dimension in mutation research. This technology involves drilling a nano sized hole through the
wall and the membrane of the rice cell inorder to insert a nitrogen atom, which stimulate the rearrangement of
DNA. The newly derived organisms are called atomically Modified organisms (AMOs). Fertilizers based on
nanotechnology have the potential to surpass conventional fertilizers, due to high surface area relative to the
amount of nanomaterials. In nanofertilizers, nutrients can be encapsulated by nano-materials, coated with a thin
protective film, delivered as emulsions or nano-particles. Nano-materials could even be used to control the
release of the fertilizer such that the nutrients are only taken up by the plant, and not lost to unintended targets
like soil, water, or microorganisms results in efficient nutrient use. Conventional methods to control the
pathogens and pests have affected both the environment and economy of farmers as 90% of the applied
pesticides are lost to the air during application and as run-off, affecting both the environment and application
costs to the farmer. Pesticides/ fungicides inside nanoparticles are being developed that can be timed-release or
have release linked to an environmental trigger (Nair et al. 2010). Use of nano-structured alumina (NSA) on two
insect pests common in the milling, food processing and storage of dry grains showed that NSA may provide a
cheap and reliable alternative to commercially available insecticidal dusts . In weed management also the
benefits of nano-application are similar: Less herbicide is required to achieve the weed reduction effects desired.
If the active ingredient is combined with a smart delivery system, herbicide will be applied only when necessary
according to the conditions present in the field. Adjuvants for herbicide applications are currently available that
claim to include nanomaterial. Nano-coating of seeds using elemental forms of Zn, Mn, Pa, Pt, Au, Ag will not
only protect seeds but reduces the requirement of elements to far less quantities than done today. The use of
quantum dots (QDs) technique, developed by Su et al. 2004, as a fluorescence marker coupled with immunomagnetic separation for E coli 0157:H7, proved useful to separate unviable and infected seeds. Early detection of
grain spoilage during storage is one of the applications of nano technology. Each insect produces a specific
chemical inside the grain bin. Similarly, if the grain is being infested with fungus, it produces different chemicals.
The particular sensor will identify which insect or fungus is causing the spoilage. Use of nanotechnology could
permit rapid advances in agricultural research but still, the full potential of nanotechnology in the agricultural is
yet to be realized and is gradually moving from theoretical knowledge towards the application regime.

104

[NAPP-15]
NANO-HERBICIDES NEW VISTAS OF WEED MANAGEMENT IN PRECISION
AGRICULTURE
Reddi Ramu Y and Sunitha N
Department of Agronomy, S.V. Agricultural college, Tirupati 517 502 (A.P.)
Annual worldwide losses due to weeds are estimated to comprise approximately 10-15%
of attainable production among principal food crops. Worldwide consumption of
herbicides represents 47.5% of the 2 million tons of pesticides consumed each year.
However, the heavy use of herbicides has given rise to serious environmental and public
health problems. It is therefore important to develop new herbicide formulations that
are highly effective, safe (for the worker and for the environment), and that involve a
low cost/production ratio. In this sense, Nano herbicides have become necessary in
recent years, since they often increase herbicide efficacy at reduced doses. Hence
development of formulations with special emphasis on controlled release formulations
based on nano herbicides has become more relevant in recent years. Nanoherbicides
are being developed to address the problems in perennial weed management and
exhausting weed seed bank. Adjuvants for herbicide applications are currently
available that claim to include nanomaterial. One nano-surfactant based on soybean
micelles claims to make glyphosate-resistant crops susceptible to glyphosate when it is
applied with the nanotechnology-derived surfactant. The Nano biosensors developed
using PSII (photosystem II), known to bind several groups of herbicides, Systems of
controlled liberation (SCL) represent an alternative to the conventional systems of
herbicide application, where the active agent is available for a specific product to a
speed and duration designed to achieve the intended effect. Molecular characterization
of underground plant parts for a new target domain and developing a receptor based
herbicide molecule h with specific binding property like carbon nanotubes are capable
of killing the viable and dormant weed seeds in soil. Precision farming is one of the
most important areas where tiny sensors and monitoring systems enabled by the
nanotechnology will have a large impact on future precision farming methodologies.
Developing a target specific herbicide molecule encapsulated with nano particle are
aimed for specific receptor in the roots of target weeds, which enter into system and
translocated to parts that inhibit glycalasis, which make the specific weed plant to
starve for food and gets killed. Residual problems due to the application of atrazine
herbicide pose a threat towards widespread use of herbicide and limit the choice of
crops in rotation. Application of silver modified with nanoparticles of magnetite
stabilized with Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) nanoparticles recorded 88%
degradation ofe atrazine residue under controlled environment. Sulfonylurea (SU),
imidazolinone (IMI),and sulfonamide (SA) herbicides are new classes of herbicides
where the observed toxicity of SUs,IMIs, and SAs to crop varies by a factor of greater
than 1,000. Some of these herbicides are active on crop species at low dosages. Field
studies indicate that some yield is lost in the most sensitive crop species when these
herbicides are applied or present at between1/100th and 1/500th of the typical
application rate of 0.5 to 0.1 g (gram) active ingredient per ha. Technological innovation
involving nano herbicides will open new vistas for modern weed management in
compliance with the current requirements of environmental and human safety

105

[NAPP-16]
EFFECT OF NANO SIZED CALCIUM OXIDE ON CALCIUM UPTAKE, KERNEL
QUALITY AND YIELD IN GROUNDNUT CROP
Sujatha K, Latha P, Sudhakar P, Prasad T N V K V and Giridhara Krishna T
Institute of frontier technology, Regional Agricultural Research Station,
Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University, Tirupati, A.P.

Calcium is one of the major macro nutrient involved in cell elongation, cell division and
plays a major role in maintenance of membrane integrity. The most critical element in
the production of groundnuts with sound mature kernels is calcium. Due to the
immobility of Ca2+ ions in phloem, calcium is applied as gypsum to groundnut plants
through soil. But under rainfed cultivation, application of gypsum at flowering is nonadaptable. Hence, providing calcium to plants through foliar application is need of the
day. Any elemental nano scale amenable to change in properties especially surface area
which enhances biological activity. Calcium oxide at nano scale is presumed to acquire
changed properties including mobility in phloem. A field trial was conducted during
kharif 2010 in groundnut crop Var. Narayani. The crop was subjected to 5 treatments
(Control, Gypsum control, Nano CaO @ 200ppm, Nano CaO @ 100ppm, Nano CaO @
50ppm). The uptake of calcium in different plant parts showed high calcium content in
stem (top and middile parts), root, pegs, and pods compared to Gypsum control.
Particularly nano calcium oxide @ 100ppm showed high uptake of calcium in pegs and
pods compared to other foliar spray treatments. The results revealed that, nano calcium
oxide @ 100 ppm treated plants recorded high yield 1512 kg/ha and showed 25 %
increase compared to gypsum control. The protein and oil % was high at all
concentrations of nano calcium oxide treatments compared to gypsum control. Results
of the study revealed that, calcium content increased in different plant parts in nano
calcium oxide sprayed treatment compared to gypsum. It draws an important
conclusion that, nano sized calcium oxide became mobile in phloem. However, it has to
be confirmed with further in house experiments.

106

[NAPP-17]
EVIDENCE BASED IMPACT OF NANO SCALE MICRONUTRIENTS ON
CROP GROWTH

Sudhakar P, Prasad TNVKV, Latha P, Giridhra Krishna T and Raja Reddy K

Institute of Frontier Technology, Regional Agricultural research Station, Acharya N G Ranga
Agricultural University, Tirupati, A.P.

Nanoparticles are high energy cluster of atoms or molecules of 1 and 100 nm size, which could
act as excellent activation site and transmit energy to the surroundings either themselves or via
capping layer. The energy thus transmitted could be used for a number of biological applications.
Nanoparticles prepared from water insoluble materials are classically termed as true nanoparticles
whereas others are known as `nanosized materials. All nanoparticles are nanosized materials but
all nanosized materials are not true nanoparticles. Nanaotechnology research was initiated in the
year 2006 at Regional Agricultural Research station, Tirupati mainly focussed on development of
nanaoscale micronutrients and their applicability for agricultural purposes. Effect of ZnO, FeO,
CaO was studied on seed germination, physiological, biochemical and yield components in
groundnut. Our group have shown that nano sized micronutrients are triggering various
physiological and enzymatic activities in plants. Nano CaO mobility was demonstrated in phloem
of groundnut through hydroponics .Evidence on modulated activity of antioxidant leaf pigments
Lutein and -carotein due to nano FeO and photosynthetic rate due to nano ZnO spray and
superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activity in comparison with respective bulk nutrients
and control established. Nano sized micro nutrients have significant effects on crop growth and
yield, however, their positive and negative effects are dependent on size and shape of the
nanoparticles and their concentration treating the plants.

107

[NAPP-18]
EFFECT OF NANO BASED FERROUS OXIDE PARTICLES ON LUTEIN AND
-CAROTENE CONTENTS IN GREEN LEAFY VEGETABLES
Latha P, Sujatha K, Sudhakar P, Prasad TNVKV and Giridhara Krishna T
Institute of Frontier Technology, Regional Agricultural research Station, Acharya N G
Ranga Agricultural University, Tirupati, A.P.
Nano materials are third generation bio materials predicted to revolutionize biological
activity. Nano based nutrients owing to their smaller size (1-100 nm), there is every
possibility of breaking barriers to improve productivity and nutritional values.
Carotenoids are fat soluble pigments comprising of carotenes and xanthophylls (lutein,
-carotene). Green leafy vegetables (GLV) are rich in lutein and -carotene which offer
benefit to human health in general and in particular to eye health. Nano based iron
oxide was obtained from nano technology lab, Regional Agricultural Research Station,
Tirupati, A.P. Seeds of Rumex vesicarius L. (Bladder dock), Amaranthus tricolor L.
(Josephs coat) were sown in pots (20cm x 40cm) comprising of five foliar treatments i.e.,
nano ferrous sulphate @ 200, 400 and 600 ppm and bulk ferrous sulphate (EDTA based)
@ 0.2 % and one unsprayed control. Lutein and -carotene were analysed using
reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. The results revealed that
when bulk ferrous sulphate and nano ferrous oxide were sprayed at different
concentrations, in Rumex vesicarius, nano based ferrous oxide particles at 200 ppm
concentration significantly improved the lutein and -carotene by 17.9 % and 28.8 %
respectively compared to bulk ferrous sulphate @ 0.2 %. Similar effect was recorded in
Amaranthus tricolor, nano based ferrous oxide particles at 200 ppm concentration
significantly improved the lutein and -carotene by 15.9 % and 27.3 % compared to bulk
ferrous sulphate @ 0.2 %. The study revealed that, nano particles are beneficial at low
concentration and phototoxic at higher concentrations like growth hormones and
judicious use of these particles benefit the plants.

108

[NAPP-19]
EFFECT OF NANO SCALE CAO ON MOBILITY, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND
BIOCHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES AND YIELD COMPONENTS IN GROUNDNUT
(ARACHIS HYPOGEAE L.)
Deepa M, Sudhakar P, Prasad TNVKV, Reddy KB, Nagamadhuri KV, Latha P
Institute of Frontier Technology, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Acharya N G
Ranga Agricultural University, Tirupati, A.P.
Calcium plays a variety of structural roles in cells and also functions as a second
messenger in plant growth, development and adaptation to environment. Lack of
calcium uptake by griundnut results in pops or ill filled pods and darkened plumules
in the seed. These disorders are mostly caused by slow absorption and poor distribution
of Ca2+ after transport. Any element at nano scale amenable for change in property
specially increased surface area which enhances biological reactivity in plant cells.
Calcium at nano scale is presumed to acquire enhanced properties in a biological system
including its mobility. Hence, the present study was taken up with to investigate foliar
nutrition of CaO nano particles on physiological, biochemical attributes and yield
components in groundnut in comparison with field application of gypsum and foliar
nutrition of bulk calcium sources along with confirmation of nano CaO transport
through phloem tissue using solution culture technique. Nano sized CaO ( 69.9nm) with
negative zeta potential of -28.2 mV and 90o of scattering angle was obtained from
nanotechnology lab, Institute of Frontier technology, RARS, Tiruapti. Results of
hydroponics experiment revealed that nano based CaO spray at 500 ppm evidenced
entry of calcium into leaves and stems through phloem compared to bulk source of
calcium sprayed. Results from field study indicates that, nano scale CaO of 500ppm
recorded superior growth, physiological, biochemical, yield and quality parameters
compared to control, gypsum, CaNO3 and bulk CaO. Hence established that, nano based
calcium oxide showed mobility in phloem when it was sprayed on leaves and triggered
several positive physiological effects in groundnut plants specially at 500ppm foliar
spray imposed at 35DAS. Foliar spraying of nano CaO (69.9nm) @ 500ppm can be
recommended in groundnut instead of soil application of gypsum specially under
rainfed conditions.
109

[NAPP-20]
EFFECT OF NANO-FERTILIZERS FOR BALANCED CROP NUTRITION
Nagarjuna V1, Naidu MVS2, Srinivasalu DV3
Department of Soil Science, S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati, ANGRAU.
Correpondence: nagarjunav54@gmail.com

Agricultural scientists are facing a wide spectrum of challenges such as stagnation in

crop yields, low nutrient use efficiency, declining soil organic matter, multi-nutrient
deficiencies, climate change, shrinking arable land and water availability and shortage
of labour besides exodus of people from farming. In spite of immense constraints faced,
we need to attain a sustainable growth in agriculture at the rate of 4% to meet the food
security challenges. To address these problems, there is a need to explore one of the
frontier technologies such as Nanotechnology to precisely detect and deliver the
correct quantity of nutrients and pesticides that promote productivity while ensuring
environmental safety and higher use efficiency. In the past few decades, use efficiencies
of N, P and K fertilizers have remained constant as 30-35%, 18-20% and 35-40%,
respectively, leaving a major portion of added fertilizers to accumulate in the soil or
enter into aquatic system causing eutrophication. Fertilizers encapsulated in
nanoparticles will increase the uptake of nutrients. In the next generation of
nanofertilizers, the release of the nutrients can be triggered by an environmental
condition or simply released at desired specific time.

110

[NAPP-21]
NANO ZINC OXIDEFORMULATIONS Vs. CONVENTIONAL Zn CARRIERS
ON GROWTH PARAMETERS OF MAIZE
Chaitra SP , Vakada Manasa , Hebsur NS, Hebbara M and Nargund VB
University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad,Karnataka-580005.
Correspondence: chaitrasp.sp@gmail.com

Nanoparticles beingsmaller in size and having large surface area are expected to be
the ideal forms for use as a Zn fertilizer in plants. The efcacy of conventional zinc
fertilizers is low. Nano fertilizers with controlled release and higher efficiency found
to be better for achieving higher yields. The present study was taken to evaluate the
comparative performance of Nano Zinc oxide formulations v/s conventional Zn
carriers on growth parameters of maize variety (900-M-Gold).The pot culture
experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design ,with eleven
treatments and four replications ,where Nano ZnO foliar sprays applied at different
concentrations of (100,250,500,750,1000,1250 and 1500ppm) against control and
conventional zinc sulphate. The growth parameters like plant height, Number of
leaves, chlorophyll content and dry matter production were significantly increased
in case of Nano ZnO sprayed plants over control and conventional zinc sulphate.

111

[NAPP-22]
EFFECT OF NANO PARTICLES ON GROWTH OF PULSES
Swarnalatha V1, Sukumar K2, Hemalatha V3, Prasanth Y4, Kumar G5,
Mohan das D6 and Praveen Kumar Y7
1Scientist
2

(Pl.Br.),Maize Research Centre, ARI,Hyderabad

Scientist (Pl.Br), AICRP on Soybean, ARS, Adilabad rennysukmar@gmail.com

3Associate

Professor, College of Horticulture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad

4Scientist
5Senior

(Pl.Br), ARS, Adilabad

Research Fellow, ARS,Adilabad

6Scientist
7 Programme

(Agro), ARS, Adilabad

Coordinator, KVK, Adilabad

Population is growing at an alarming rate but the cultivable land has been limiting day
by day. However, pulses are grown mostly under rain fed conditions. Hence, utility of
nano-ZnO, nano-FeO and nano-Zn CuFe-oxide particles found positive effect on growth
of the pulses. In mung bean seedlings recorded vigorous growth when treated with
nano-ZnCuFe-Oxide followed by nano-FeO and nano-ZnO. Root and shoot length and
also biomass accumulation was found high over the control when treated with the nano
particles. Hence, there is an urgent need to utilize the technology to improve the pulse
production to meet the food demand.

112

[NAPP-23]
NANO PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY IN MEDICINAL AND
AROMATIC PLANTS
Kaladhar babu K1, Rohini G, Sukumar K2, Udaya Bhanu K3, Kumar G*, Prasanth
Y**, Pedababu B4 and Raghu B5
1College

of Horticulture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, 2 (Pl.Br), AICRP on Soybean, ARS,

Adilabad, 3Senior Research Fellow,IIMR, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, *ARS, Adilabad, **

( Pl.Br ), ARS, Adilabad, 4 College of Horticulture, Mojerla, 5 Seed officer, Nizamabad
Correspondence: kaladharbabu98@gmail.com
Nanotechnology is one of the fastest developmental, the most potential and the farreaching high and new technologies in current world, and it greatly promotes the
development of biological medicine and bioavailability enhancement of herbal drugs.
With the application of nanotechnology of nanomization of herbal drugs, it will make
the development of nano herbal medicine possess high bioavaibility which consequently
will open the new era of herbal drug discovery. Its pointed out that breakthrough will
be achieved from the research of the nanomization of herbal phytochemicals likenanocurcumin, nanopiperine, nanoberberine etc. Herbal nanotechnology helps
incorporation of the active phytoconstituents to obtain desired therapeutic effect. The
increased solubility, stability, bioavailabity, pharmacological activity of many popular
herbal extracts including Milk thistle, Ginkgo biloba, grape seed, green tea, hawthorn,
ginseng using nano dosage forms such as polymeric nanoparticles nanospheres and
nanocapsules, liposomes, proliposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, and nanoemulsion has
been reported. Other advantage of herbal nanomedicine include protection from
toxicity, improving tissue macrophages distribution, sustained delivery, protection from
physical and chemical degradation. Bhasma are the ayurvedic metallic preparations in
which metal act as a nanocarrier for drug delivery and are widely recommended for
treatment of a variety of chronic ailments and are taken along with milk, butter, honey,
or ghee to eliminate the harmful effects of metals and enhancing their biocompatibility
in the body.

113

[NAPP-24]
SYNTHESIS OF NANO SCALE ZINC OXIDE AND ITS EFFECT ON
GERMINATION OF PADDY
Naga Madhuri KV, Reddy PVRM , Latha P, Prasad TNVKV, Sudhakar P, and
Giridhara Krishna T
Acharya NG Ranga Agricultural University, Institute of Frontier Technology, Regional
Agricultural Research Station, Tirupati
The zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles were prepared by wet chemical method using zinc
nitrate and sodium hydroxides precursors and soluble starch as stabilizing agent. The
particle size of the synthesized Zinc Oxide was analyzed using particle size analyzer and
found to be 77.5 nm. The Zinc oxide particles were characterized by using UV-Vis
spectrophotometer where the maximum peak was obtained at a wave length of 260nm.
These nano scale Zinc Oxide particles were used to fix the optimum dose for paddy crop
through germination test. The germination test was carried out at different
concentrations ranging between 0 to 2000ppm against bulk Zinc Sulphate. At the
concentration of 750 ppm highest germination percent of 92 was observed and other
characters like shoot length, root length were studied. From the study, nano zinc oxide
@ 750 ppm can be fixed as optimum for paddy crop without any toxic effects on crop.

114

[SAOP-1]

FUTURE PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES OF SUGARCANE AS

AN ENERGY CROP
Rana DP Singh1*, Abhishek Kumar Singh1, Singh RK2, Singh J2, Tripathi RD3,
Raj SK3, Jagdish Prasad1 and Upendra K Singh1
1Sugarcane
2Indian

Research Station, Gorakhpur- 273008, Uttar Pradesh, India

Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow- 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India

3National

Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow- 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India

*Corresponding author Email: singhranadp@gmail.com

Sugarcane crop sustains the second largest organized agro-industry (sugar industry)
which has more than 450 factories in operations in India. The average cane yield in
tropical zone is 80 t/ha where in subtropical is 58 t/ha. An increasing number of plant
scientists, including breeders, agronomists, physiologists and molecular biologists are
working towards the development of new and improved energy crops. Research is
increasingly focused on how to design crops specifically for bioenergy production and
increased biomass generation for biofuel purposes out of various usage (Sugar, Gur,
Khandsari, Molasses, Pressmud etc.) sugarcane is being used for alcohol, methanol and
some part of bagasse as co-generation of electricity. The most important biofuel to date
is bio-ethanol produced from sugars (sucrose and starch) and as per an estimate from
one ton of sugarcane about 70-90 litres of ethanol can be produced. There is a need to
explore the possibility to use the sugarcane as bioenergy (ethanol and co-generation and
other products) and if a crop is to be used for bioenergy production, the crop should be
high yielding, fast growing and requiring relatively small energy inputs for its growth
and harvest. Obtaining high yields in nonprime agricultural land is a key for energy
crop development to allow sustainability and avoid competition with food production.
Efforts should be made to produce more biomass having more available juice and fibre
content in sugarcane varieties and use the more efficient economic agronomic practices
for the area in which sugarcane is being grown. There is much scope to increase in the
productivity of sugarcane in different states depending upon the facility available,
climatic conditions etc. Area under sugarcane can be increased by adapting suitable
intercrops, while yield through adopting improved technologies, assured irrigation and
proper harvest scheduling. Thus by reducing the gap between potential yield and
average yield of cane, the production of sugarcane can be increased significantly which
may provide us sugar security as well as bioenergy security in future.

115

[SAOP-2]

EVALUATION OF DIVERSE PIGEONPEA (CAJANUS CAJAN L. MILLSP.)

GERMPLASM LINES FOR HIGH PHOSPHOROUS UPTAKE THROUGH
ACID PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY
Manikanta S1*, Aftab Hussain2
1Department

of Crop physiology, University of Agricultural sciences, GKVK campus,

Bangalore-560065

2Department

of Crop physiology, University of Agricultural sciences, GKVK campus,

Bangalore-560065
* Correspondence: manikant.ikc@gmail.com

Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for plants. Plants take up P as phosphate

(Pi) from the soil solution. Out of total P ,Organic P comprises 3080 % in most
agricultural soils. It has been proven that Acid phosphatase facilitates P uptake from an
organic P source . In this study, diverse pigeonpea germplasm lines were taken and acid
phosphatase excreted from pigeonpea roots is quantified and the contribution of acid
phosphatase to the facilitation of P uptake is done to identify the germplasm line with
higher P uptake. In the first experiment 120 germplasm lines of pigeonpea were grown
in normal conditions and harvested at 45days for acid phosphatase activity, based on
the activity, some contrastings were selected. The selected lines are sowed for
reconformation, in these lines growth parameters and activity will be checked again and
contrasts will be selected. Based on this experiment the contrasts selected will be grown
under organic and inorganic phosphorous condition and identified best performing
germplasm lines by estimating acid phosphatase acitivity and P uptake in the second
experiment. In the third experiment the identified gemplasm lines were checked for
gene expression.

116

[SAOP-3]

SELECTION CRITERIA FOR ENHANCING THE YIELD IN MAIZE UNDER

WATER STRESS CONDITIONS
Govind Narayan*, Singh HC and Khan MA
Email- govindnarayan94@gmail.com
C.S. Azad university of Ag. & Technology, Kanpur (India) 208002.
Maize (Zea mays L.) is the third most important cereal in India after wheat and rice. In
addition to staple food for human being and quality feed for animals, maize serves as a
basic raw material to various industries and more recently for bio-fuel. The present
study was under taken to search a suitable procedure for selection of physiologically
efficient maize genotype based on genetic variability for growth, yield and physiological
components under water stress condition. The experimental material consisting twentyone maize hybrids sowed during kharif 2012 at Oil Seeds Research Farm, Kalyanpur,
Kanpur. Each genotype was sown in two rows each of 4 meter long spaced at 60x25 cm
between rows and plants respectively in a randomized complete block design replicated
thrice. The observations were recorded on plant height at (30 DAS, 60 DAS and
maturity), total leaf area cm2 at (30 and 60 DAS), RGR at (60 DAS and maturity), NAR at
(60 and 90 DAS), RWC at (30 and 60 DAS), Harvest index and yield. The results showed
high heritability in broad sense coupled with high genetic advance for all the characters
except NAR at 60 and 90 DAS for genetic advance. An advancement of 1150 cm2 in leaf
area at 60 DAS followed by 154cm2 for its 30 DAS stage was observed from single cycle
of selection at K=2.06. The probable genetic gain was high for NAR at 90 DAS. On the
basis of the results obtained it can be concluded that NAR and Leaf area at various
stages can be considered as selection criteria while making selection for yield
improvement in queen of the crop under water stress condition.

117

[SAOP-4]
SURVEY AND PREVALENCE OF ASPERISPORIUM CARICAE, INCITANT
OF BLACK LEAF SPOT OF PAPAYA AND EVALUATION OF CERTAIN
NEW FUNGICIDAL
Reddi Kumar M, Giridhara Krishna T and Raja Reddy K
Department of Plant Pathology, Institute of Frontier Technology, Regional Agricultural
Research Station, Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Tirupati-517502.
Chittoor (Dt), Andhrapradesh, India.
Correpondence: reddi_kumar01@yahoo.com

A roving survey was conducted in western mandals of Chittoor district for the incidence
of

black leaf spot of papaya caused by Asperisporium caricae.

Formation of black

pustules on the abaxial surface of the leaf are characteristic of this disease. The
symptoms are scattered small spots, visible on both leaf surfaces. On the upper surface,
the lesions are rounded or somewhat angular, 2-5 mm in diameter, pale yellow, with
dark margins. Later the lesions become necrotic and whitish. On the lower surface, the
lesions are covered with masses of fungal spores which appear as dark dots. The
pustules can cover the whole lesion. The disease is more intense on the lower leaves.
Sometimes the leaf lesions can cover an extensive area, causing yellowish and premature
drop. The pustules also occur on fruit. Conidiophores closely packed together and
covering the surface of the stroma, usually unbranched, hyaline to olivaceous brown,
with several prominent conidial scars at the apex. Conidia solitary, ellipsoidal, pyriform
or clavate, 1-septate, hyaline to mid pale brown, verrucose, 1426 x 710 m in diam.
Among the fungicides tested, combi product Hexaconazole+ Zineb had shown 100%
inhibition at 100 ppm under in vitro conditions.

118

[SAOP-5]

YIELD AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE IN SWEET SORGHUM AS

INFLUENCED BY MAJOR NUTRIENTS
GANGA DEVI M, SRIDHAR V, Munidra Naidu SM and Naidu MVS
Dept. of Agronomy, S.V. Agricultural College,
Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Tirupati, India
Correspondence: devimadu@gmail.com

A study on Yield and nutrient uptake in sweet sorghum as influenced by major

nutrients was conducted at S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati. The experiment was
laid out in a split split plot design and replicated thrice on sandy clay loam soils of dry
land. The treatments consisted of three genotypes viz., SPV-422 (V1), ICSV-700 (V2) and
Madhura hybrid (V3) assigned to main plots, four fertilizers levels viz., 60-40-40 (F1), 8060-60 (F2), 100-80-80 (F3) and 120-100-100 (F4) Kgha-1 of N, P2O5 and K2O allotted to sub
plots during Kharif season. The combination of V1F3 resulted in maximum uptake of
96.17 Kgha-1 N, 19.67 Kgha-1 P2O5 and 97.27 Kgha-1 K2O respectively. The interaction
effects between varieties and fertilizers levels were found to be significant in case of dry
matter production (132.77 g/plant) at 90 DAS with V1F4. Stripped stalk yield (52.60
t/ha), grain yield (827kg/ha) at 90 DAS harvest with V1 F3. Significantly highest BC ratio
(3.12) was recorded with V1F3. The variety SPV 422 coupled with 100-80-80 Kgha-1 of N,
P2O5 and K2O recommended for higher stalk and grain yields and better economics in
sweet sorghum.

119

[SAOP-6]

DETERMINATION OF POTASSIUM SUPPLYING POWER OF RICE

GROWING SOILS OF KURNOOL DISTRICT, A.P BY NEUBAUERS
SEEDLING METHOD
Siva Prasad PN*1, Kavitha P2, Sreenivasa Chari M3 and Srinivasa Reddy M4
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry,
1,2,4Agricultural

college, Mahanandi, 3ARS, Utukur, Kadapa, ANGRAU, A.P.

Correspondence: sivassac007@gmail.com

Neubauers seedling experiment was carried out for determining the Potassium
supplying power of thirty rice growing soils, of which fourteen are black soils, eleven
are red soils, five are mixed red soils covering eleven mandals of canal ayacut area of
Kurnool district. In this experimental study Bajra is the test crop. 100 gms of 2 mm
sieved soil was mixed with 50 gms of nutrient free quartz sand in a plastic pot of 6.5 cm
depth and 12 cm diameter. Over this, 150 gms of quartz sand was spread uniformly and
a slight compaction was made using a glass rod. 100 seedlings of bajra were made to
feed exhaustively on 100 grams of soil mixed with 200 grams of quartz sand for 23 days
in plastic dishes. The dry matter produced by bajra seedlings after 23 days was
recorded. The mean dry matter yields of root, shoot and whole plants is 0.303, 0.427,
0.730 g per 100 g of soil. The mean potassium contents of the root and shoot was 0.576
and 1.543 per cent. The mean dry matter yield and potassium content was more in shoot
than root. The mean potassium uptake by root, shoot and whole plant were 20.02, 85.64
and 105.66 mg kg-1 respectively. The total K uptake by bajra seedlings from soil was
calculated from which the blank value was deducted to obtain the root-soluble K in
soil. These values are designated as the Neubauer numbers, expressed as mg kg-1 of airdry soil. The Neubauer limit value for bajra and rice is 95 & 100 mg per kg of air dry soil
by Venkata subbaiah et al. (1976) and the soils which are having less value than the
above is being considered to have poor K supplying capacity. Among the studied black,
mixed red and red soils the Neubauer number values are 124.1, 107.03, and 81.5 mg kg-1.
It was observed that the black soils are having more capacity to supply K than the mixed
red and red soils.

120

[SAOP-7]
ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS FOR YIELD AND YIELD ATTRIBUTING TRAITS
IN GREENGRAM [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]
Narasimhulu R, Naidu NV, Reddy KHP, Rajan CPD and Mohan Naidu G
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding
S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati.
Corresponding author: narsi46@gmail.com
An investigation in greengram was carried out subjecting twenty crosses along with
nine parents MGG-295, MGG-351, WGG-42, LGG-460, TM-96-2, WGG-37, PM-112,
PM-115 and PM-110 to get the information on nature of association between yield
and yield attributing traits at Sri Venkateswara Agricultural College Farm, Tirupati
during kharif 2013. The parents and crosses exhibited significant variation among
themselves for all the fifteen characters studied. Association studies revealed that
selection based on number of pods/plant, plant height and dry weight/plant in both
parents and crosses would be rewarding. In addition to above mentioned traits,
number of branches/plant, clusters/plant and pods/clusters in crosses will be
effective on improving seed yield as they exhibited significant positive correlation
with seed yield/plant. Path analysis revealed high positive direct influence of dry
weight/plant and harvest index on seed yield both in parents and crosses. Hence,
selection for

dry weight/plant, harvest

index, pods/plant, plant

height,

branches/plant, clusters/plant and pods/clusters could be considered while

constructing selection indices for selecting desirable genotypes.

121

[SAOP-8]
EVALUATION OF MEDIUM DURATION PEARL MILLET HYBRIDS FOR
ECONOMIC TRAITS
Madhavilatha L and Subba Rao M
Agricultural Research Station, Perumallapalle, Tirupati - 517505, ANGRAU,
Andhra Pradesh
Correspondence: lmlreddy@rediffmail.com

Pearl millet is a major food grain crop after rice, wheat and maize crops. Recently the
productivity level in this crop was hiked due to the adoption of high yielding hybrids.
Evaluation of pearl millet hybrids, which were developed throughout India, will result
in identification of high yielding hybrids suitable for different zones. Hence the study
was conducted with twenty two newly developed medium duration pearl millet hybrids
developed from various centers in India along with three checks in coordinated trial at
Agricultural research station, Perumallapalle during Kharif 2013. Data on mean
performance of the hybrids along with checks for population count at harvest, days to
maturity, plant height (cm), productive tillers per plant and grain yield (q/ha) was
recorded. The maturity duration for the hybrids was ranged from 80 days to 104 days.
Plant height was ranged from 117 cm (Mahabeej 1203) to 163 cm (KBH 2191). Highest
population count was recorded in Mahabeej 1203 hybrid (142 plants per plot) followed
by the check entry GHB 744 (135 plants per plot). More number of productive tillers was
observed in RHB 220 (2.2). Among the tested entries, GHB 1025 (25.45 q/ha), GHB 1022
(20.78 q/ha) and RVSBH 22 (19.0 q/ha) recorded significantly higher grain yields than
high yielded check RHB 173 (18.01 q/ha).

122

[SAOP-9]
EVALUATION OF THE EARLY CLONES FOR CANE YIELD AND JUICE
QUALITY PARAMETERS IN PLANT AND RATOON CROPS OF
SOUTHERN ZONE, A.P
Sabitha N, Hemanth Kumar M, Subba Rao M, Sarala NV, Vajantha B, and
Hemalatha T
ARS, Perumallapalle, ANGRAU- 517 505
Sugarcane (Saccharum sps hybrids) is an important agro-indusrial crop earning high
returns to the farmers. Regardless of vast development and huge expansion in
sugarcane crop research

low productivity is being experienced now-a days. To

overcome this current situation cultivation of improved sugarcane clones is one of the
best remedies. The present investigation was taken up to identify suitable sugarcane
clones under early maturity group for the southern zone of Andhra Pradesh. The
performance of ten early maturing test clones

were assessed for cane yield, its

components and juice quality parameters in the first plant crop during the year 2010-11,
second plant crop and Ratoon crop during the year 2011-12. The experiments were
conducted at Agriculture Research Station, Perumallapalle, Chittoor(dt). Ten sugarcane
clones of early maturity group were tested and evaluated during this period against
three standards Co 94008, Co 85004 and Co 6907. The clones, 2006T3 and 2006T36 have
recorded significantly superior cane yield, CCS yield & juice quality traits viz, sucrose
%, CCS % and purity %

among all the other clones against the early standards Co

94008, Co 85004 and Co 6907 in the first and second plant crops. In the ratoon crop also
2006T3 and 2006T36 clones were observed significantly superior in the cane and sugar
yields against their respective checks. Thus, it was concluded that 2006T3 and 2006T36
clones can be further recommended for testing in the farmers field.

123

[SAOP-10]
SOIL FERTILITY STATUS, YIELD, QUALITY OF SUGARCANE AND JAGGERY
AS INFLUENCED BY ORGANIC MANURES AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS
Vajantha B, Sarala NV, Hemanth Kumar M and Subba Rao M
Agricultural Research Station, Perumallapalle
Acharya N.G.Ranga Agricultural University, Andhra Pradesh

Boosting yield, reducing production cost and improving soil health are three interlinked
components of sustainable triangle. Intensive cultivation, growing of exhaustive crops,
use of unbalanced and inadequate fertilizers accompanied by restricted use of organic
manures and have made the soils not only deficient in nutrients but also deteriorated
soil health resulting in declining crop response to recommended dose of fertilizers.
Hence, the field experiment was conducted during 2013-14 to study the effect of organic
manures and inorganic fertilizers on yield and quality of sugarcane and jaggery and soil
fertility status after harvest at Agricultural Research Station, Perumallapalle, ANGRAU.
The experiment consisted of two treatments i.e. organic and inorganic treatments. FYM
and vermi compost were applied to organic treated plot based on N equivalent and
recommended dose of fertilizers (224:112:112 kg NPK ha-1) were applied to inorganic
treated plot. Yield and juice quality parameters were recorded after harvest. Soil
samples were collected to determine available nutrient status at harvest. Results
revealed that inorganic treated plot recorded higher cane yield (101 t ha-1), cane girth
(2.63 cm), CCS% (12.87%) and CCS yield (12.86 t ha-1) compared with organic treated
plot (94.5 t ha-1 of cane yield, 2.51 cm of cane girth, 12.42% of CCS). Cane length (240 cm)
and sucrose (16.46%) were higher with application of organic manures than inorganic
treated plot. Highest jaggery yield (11.46 t ha-1) was recorded with inorganic treated plot
than organic plot (10.03 t ha-1). However less reducing sugars (4.87%), good colour
intensity and high spindle brix were recorded with application of organic manures.
Regarding to soil properties available N was significantly higher with organic treated
plot (254 kg ha-1) than inorganic plot (248 kg ha-1). Available P, K and OC% were also
higher in organic treated plot than inorganic treated plot.

124

[SAOP-11]
GENETIC DIVERGENCE STUDIES FOR YIELD AND PHYSIOLOGICAL
TRAITS IN BAJRA
Ravi S1*, Subba Rao M2, Reddi sekhar M1, Sudhakar P3 and Madhavi latha L2
1Department

of Genetics and Plant Breeding, S.V.Agricultural College,

Tirupati, AP- 517502.

2Department

of Genetics and Plant Breeding, ARS, Perumallapalle, Tirupati, AP- 517502.

3Department

of Crop Physiology, RARS, IFT, Tirupati, AP- 517502.

*Correspondence: ravi2raviag@gmail.com
Genetic divergence analysis is a powerful tool in quantifying the degree of divergence
between biological populations and to assess the relative contribution of different
components of total divergence. The present investigation aimed to study the genetic
divergence and clustering pattern of 76 pearl millet genotypes for selection of suitable
parents that can be utilized in hybridization programme. The analysis of data revealed
significant differences among the genotypes for all the traits. Based on the genetic
distance (D2 value), the 76 accessions were grouped into 12 clusters. Of them, cluster I
with 38 genotypes forms the largest followed by cluster II and III with 13 in each. The
character relative injury contributed the maximum to the divergence. Based on the
average inter-cluster distance (D), the clusters VI and XI followed by XI and XII were
found to be highly divergent from the other clusters. Selection of parents from these
clusters and crossing them in a breeding programme is advocated to develop male
sterility based heterotic single cross hybrid (AR) combinations. Maximum diversity
was observed between 65 R (VI) vs. (XI) followed by 80 R (XI) vs. 1 B (XII).

125

[SAOP-12]
PROTEIN NETWORK ANALYSIS TO IDENTIFY COMMON DRUG TARGETS
AGAINST BACTERIAL LEAF BLIGHT AND BACTERIAL LEAF STREAK
PATHOGENS OF RICE
Hemanth Kumar M1, Umamaheswari A2, Sivakrishna V2 and Sudheer Kumar K2
1Institute

of Frontier Technologies, RARS, ANGRAU, Tirupati,

2Department

of Bioinformatics, SVIMS, Tirupati.

Correspondence: hemanthangrau@gmail.com

Rice (Oryza sativa (L.)) is one of the important staple food crops in India fulfilling 43% of
the caloric requirement of Indian population. An improvement in the production from
105.3 mt to 140 mt strengthens the countrys food grains security by 2025. This target is
challenged by various abiotic and biotic factors. Of the many causes for low
productivity, biotic factors contribute more and make rice cultivation difficult. Among
the biotic factors bacterial diseases are difficult to control. The two most important
bacterial diseases are bacterial leaf blight and bacterial streak caused by Xanthomonas
oryzae pathovars oryzae (Xoo) and Xanthomonas oryzae pathovars oryzicola(Xoc),
respectively. Xoo and Xoc collectively cause crop losses up to 50%. Control methods that
are in vogue are not effective and are not practiced. Many researchers have focused on a
single strain of one pathogen to develop control measures. Presence of different strains
of the pathogens makes the control complicated. However availability of genomes of the
pathogens and host along with bioinformatics tools opens a possibility of developing a
common bactericide to combat the devastating effects of many strains of more than one
related pathogens. Genome sequences of nine strains of Xoo and Xoc were retrieved
from NCBI. Among them the genomes of four strains were completely sequenced. Pv.
oryzae KACC 10331 is prevalent in Asiatic countries and was used as reference
organism. The strains; KACC 10331, MAFF 311018, PXO 99 A and BLS 256 genomes
were compared to find 4115 common genes. Analysis of 4115 common proteins using
Database of Essential Genes revealed that 1748 genes were essential for survival of
Xanthomonas oryzae. 1012 essential genes were non-homologous to Oryza sativa therefore
could be considered as common potential drug targets. 51common drug targets were
very unique to the pathogens and were further analyzed for domain search and network
analysis. Protein network analysis of the identified drug targets was performed using
STRING database which includes more than 1100 completely sequenced organisms. The
analysis showed that 51 proposed drug targets showed interactions with the high
confidence scores of 0.900 and with low confidence interactions. Hence, the 51 pathogenspecific essential proteins important in the metabolic network were regarded as
potential drug targets. These drug targets would be intriguing starting point for rational
drug design against bacterial leaf blight and bacterial streak diseases in rice.
126

[SAOP-13]
STUDIES ON COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROSIS FOR YIELD AND ITS
COMPONENTS IN GROUNDNUT (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L.)
Trivikrama Reddy A and Reddisekhar M
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, S.V.Agricultural College,
Tirupati - 517 502, A.P.

A diallel cross involving six parental lines and their 15 F1 crosses (without reciprocals)
were evaluated for combining ability effects of 13 characters in Groundnut. Variances
due to sca were greater than that of gca indicating predominance of non-additive gene
action control on all the traits except days to maturity and plant height. The parents
TCGS-29 and K-134 were found to be good general combiners for kernel yield, pod
yield, mature pods per plant and 100 kernel weight while the parent K-1238 was found
to be good general combiner for shelling percentage, harvest index and percent pod set
and Faizapur local for pegs per plant and pods per plant. Further the most heterotic
crosses identified in the study, involved either one or both good general combiners. Four
heterotic crosses K-134 x TCGS-29, TCGS-29 x K-1238, K-134 x K-1238 and TPT-4 x Local
Red were found to be good specific combiners for kernel yield, pod yield, mature pods
per plant, pods per plant, pegs per plant, shelling percentage, 100 kernel weight, harvest
index, percent pod set and primary branches per plant. The cross combination TPT-4 x
Faizapur Local was earlier to flower and mature with good sca effects. An attempt of
intermating of selects in the advance generations of these five crosses is suggested to
obtain transgressive segregants for pod and kernel yield in groundnut.

127

[SAOP-14]
SEQUENCE DIVERSITY OF MUNGBEAN YELLOW MOSAIC INDIA VIRUS
INFECTING BLACKGRAM IN ANDHRA PRADESH .
Bhaskara Reddy BV*, Obaiah S, Prasanthi L, Shareef M, Saradha Jayalakshmi R
Genomics Lab, Institute of Frontier Technology,
Regional Agricultural Research Station, Tirupati-517502.
* Correspondence: bvbreddy68@gmail.com
Blackgram ((Vigna mungo L. Hepper) is one of the major pulse crop in different parts of
India The disease is caused by a Yellow mosaic virus (YMV) of the genus Begomovirus and
family Geminiviridae. The virus is transmitted by whitefly vector (Bamisia tabaci). The
virus
infect major leguminous crops like blackgram, greengram, frenchbean,
pigeonpea and soybean causing an annual yield loss of about US $ 300 millions. The
viral genome consists of bipartite, two single stranded covalently closed circular DNA
molecules. The DNA-A contains coat protein gene and other products involved in
replication and gene expression of virus. The DNA-B component encodes two genes
(BC1, BV1) which are involved in intra- and intercellular movement of the virus. The
two components have a highly conserved intergenic common region (CR) containing
stem loop structure with loop containing
the invariant nonanucleotide motif
(TAATATTC) that marks the origin of virion-strand DNA replication.Total DNA was
isolated from YMV infected blackgram samples and amplified by rolling circle
amplification (RCA) using Phi29 DNA polymerase. The RCA products were digested
with Bam HI, HindIII and EcoRI , gel eluted 2.7Kb fragments and cloned into pUC18.
The full length positive clones were sequenced, assembled and deposited in GenBank
(JX110618, KF928962, KF947526). Sequence analysis of Hind III clone shows >95%
homology with Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus (MYMIV) DNA-A segment and
<81% homology with Mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV). The total length of
MYMIV DNA-A sequence was determines as 2746bp and encodes 2ORFs(AV1, AV2) on
sense strand and 5ORFs on antisense strand (AC1,AC2,AC3,AC4,AC5). The common
region (CR) was identified by pairwise alignment of non-coding regions between ORFs
AC1/AC2 in MYMIV DNA-A. The Rep binding iteron in the CR was predicted as to be
GGTGT and occurs as invert repeat followed by tandem repeat before the TATA box in
DNA-A. Sequence analysis of BamH and HindIII clones shows 93-95% nucleotide
identity with MYMV DNA-B segment and <90% with MYMIV. The above data reveals
that YMV in AP is caused by two species of begomoviruses and probably utilise DNA-A
of MYMIV and DNA-B of MYMV to cause infection. The DNA-B of MYMIV was not
yet detected in AP. The CR region of MYMIV clone has >95% homology with MYMIV
and <66% with MYMV. The CR region of MYMV DNA-B clones has 100% homology
with MYMIV and 86-95% with MYMV indicating that there is recombination taking
place in CR region of MYMV DNA-B clones.

128

[SAOP-15]
INHIBITION OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC ELECTRON TRANSPORT ACTIVITIES
IN MAIZE SEEDLINGS BY TREATMENT WITH TOXIC
CONCENTRATIONS OF ZINC
Adam S1, Murthy SDS1, Fareeda G2, Prasad TNVKV3
1Department
2Department

of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati.

of Soil Science, S.V. Agricultural College, Acharya NG. Ranga Agricultural

University, Tirupati.

3Nanotechnology

laboratory, Regional Agricultrual Research Station (RARS), Acharya

NG. Ranga Agricultural University, Tirupati.
Correspondence: shaikadam@gmail.com

Effect of zinc at high concentration (60-180M) has been investigated in maize seedlings
in controlled environment. Zinc treatment caused inhibition in whole chain electron
transport and photosystem (PS)-II catalyzed electron transport activity by 48% at 120M
concentration. Further rise in concentrations to 180M caused damage and inhibits PS-II
activity. But at the same concentrations 29% loss was noted in PS-I catalyzed electron
transport activity. Further Light intensity alterations clearly demonstrated that the
inhibition was at light saturating conditions (416 Wm-2) than that at light limiting
condition (24Wm-2) indirectly this concludes that LHC-II of PS-II is the main target for
zinc stress. Among the two photosystems PS-II seems to be the target than that of PS-I
under zinc stress mainly.

129

[SAOP-16]
EFFECT OF NITROGEN AND WEED MANAGEMENT ON POST
HARVEST SOIL NUTRIENT STATUS IN PADDY UNDER AEROBIC CULTURE
Tirumala Reddy S
Programme Coordinator, KVK, Kalikiri

Field experiments were carried out for two consecutive years of rabi, 2009, and 2010 on
sandy clay loam soils of S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati to evaluate the nitrogen and
weed management practices for maximizing the productivity and quality of aromatic
rice under aerobic culture in Southern Agro-climatic Zone of Andhra Pradesh. The
experiment was laid out in split plot design, replicated thrice. The treatments consisted
of four levels of nitrogen viz., 100 kg ha-1 (N1), 120 kg ha-1(N2), 140 kg ha-1(N3) and 160
kg ha-1 (N4) as main plots, seven weed management practices viz., Un-weeded check
(W1), Pre emergence (PE) application of pretilachlor @ 500 g a.i ha-1 (W2), PE of
oxadiargyl @ 75 g a.i ha-1 (W3), PE of pyrazosulfuron ethyl @ 20 g a.i ha-1(W4), W1+ HW
at 25 DAS (W5), W2 +HW at 25 DAS(W6) and W3 +HW at 25 DAS(W7) as sub plots. The
test variety of rice was Sugandha samba (RNR 2465). Post harvest soil fertility status
estimated in terms of available nitrogen, available P2O5 and available K2O immediately
after the harvest of rice crop. Available nitrogen content of the soil was influenced by
graded levels of nitrogen and weed management practices, as well as their interaction,
where as available phosphorous and potassium content of the soil was influenced by
graded levels of nitrogen and weed management practices, while the interaction effect
was non significant during both the years of study with unaltered trend. Among the
different nitrogen levels tried, the highest post harvest soil available nitrogen was
recorded with highest level of nitrogen tried (160 kg N ha-1) where as phosphorus and
potassium were noticed with application of nitrogen at 140 kg ha-1. Relatively higher soil
available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium status with higher nitrogen supply might
be due to unutilized nutrients tapped in the soil. The lowest values of all major soil
available nutrients were recorded with application of 100 kg N ha-1. With different weed
management practices tried, the highest post harvest soil available nutrients were
recorded with PE application of oxadiargyl @ 75 g ha-1 supplemented with HW at 25
DAS (W6) due to optimum removal of nutrients by crop and effective control of weeds,
where as un-weeded check (W1) recorded lowest post harvest nutrients due to over
exploitation of all major nutrients by heavy weed infestation.

130

[SAOP-17]
IDENTIFICATION AND PYRAMIDING OF GENES FOR DROUGHT
RESISTANCE , YIELD AND YIELD ATTRIBUTES IN ADVANCED
BREEDING LINES OF GROUNDNUT
Vasanthi RP*, Amaravathi Y, Sudhakar P, Latha P, Siva kumar E, Jhansi Rani P,
Purushotham M, Kiran Jyothi G and Giridharakrishna T
Institute of Frontier Technology, RARS, Tirupati-517502
*Correspondence: vasanthi.rrs@gmail.com

Drought is the major abiotic constraint deciding yield of rainfed groundnut during
kharif season. To stabilize yield in rainfed situation, it is necessary to develop high
yielding drought resistant groundnut varieties. Towards this objective, a lot of breeding
material was generated from massive hybridisation programme taken up during 2002 in
Regional Agricultural Research Station Tirupati. One selection from VRI2 X TCGP6
cross that possesses optimum combination of high yield and drought tolerance traits
was released as Dharani (TCGS1043) in 2012. Many advanced breeding lines with
different combination of different traits are available in groundnut breeding section of
RARS, Tirupati. To identify genes for drought related traits, yield and yield attributes in
groundnut, a total of 331 advanced breeding lines are being evaluated for drought
related traits and also yield and yield attributes. The same lines are genotyped with SSR
markers available in the public database (http://marker.kazusa.or.jp/Peanut/). To
identify more informative SSR markers we are following two different strategies. One is
screening SSRs in parental lines namely Kadiri6 and Dharani (susceptible and resistant
parents, respectively) for drought. 54 SSR markers were screened between Kadiri 6 and
Dharani, sixteen (29%) were found polymorphic. The positions of informative SSRs are
available in the integrated linkage maps in public domain and will be used to screen all
the 331breeding lines. If large gaps are there between polymorphic makers in the linkage
groups, then the second strategy would be followed by choosing 25 lines which are
phenotypically different from Kadiri6 and Dharani with respect to drought related traits
like water use efficiency, wax coating, root length and volume etc. These lines will be
screened with markers in the gap position which were monomorphic in these two
parents. Based on the segregation pattern, the markers will be chosen for genotyping all
the 331 lines. The SSR markers identified can be used to accumulate desirable genes into
a single or a few genotypes by marker assisted selection to ultimately arrive at a high
yielding drought tolerant genotype.

131

[SAOP-18]
ITK LED AGRICULTURE IN PADDY AND GROUNDNUT CROPS OF YSR
DISTRICT
Ramalakshmi devi S1 and Padmodaya B2
1SMS

(Agril. Extension), KVK, Kadapa-516003, AP

2Programme

Coordinator, KVK, Kadapa-516003, AP

Correspondence: shilpamohan5050@gmail.com

A study was conducted in Krishi Vigyan Kendra adopted villages viz., Kulumulapalli of
C.K Dinne mandal, Gotur of Vallur mandal and Upparapalli of Chennur mandal of YSR
district during 2014-15 to identify, document and validate Indigenous Technical
Knowledge (ITKs) in Paddy and Groundnut crops and their adoption by the farmers
was also studied. In this study 10 no. of ITKs in Paddy and 8 no. of ITKs in Groundnut
were identified by in-depth discussions with old aged farmers, Concerned Mandal
Agricultural Officers, Progressive farmers. Scientific rationality of the identified ITKs
was obtained through mailed questionnaire from 12 no. of scientists. 40 no. of Paddy
farmers and 40 no. of Groundnut farmers from the above mentioned villages were
selected and their adoption of identified ITKs was studied. The results revealed that
among the identified Paddy ITKs Fencing with old saris to control wild boars was
widely adopted (100%) and Storing paddy grains along with neem leaves was highly
rational (100%). Among the identified Groundnut ITKs Keeping Calotropis branches in
Groundnut field to control Red Hairy Caterpillar was widely adopted (100%) and highly
rational (100%).

132

[SAOP-19]
IDENTIFICATION OF NEW SOURCES OF RESISTANCE FOR BLAST AT
MARUTERU, ANDHRA PRADESH
Chamundeswari N*, Satyanarayana PV, Krishnam Raju S, Bhuvaneswari V, Girija
Rani M, Vishnu Vardhan KM, Ravi Kumar BNVSR, Ramana Rao PV and
Vishnuvardhan Reddy A
Andhra Pradesh Rice Research Institute, Maruteru, West Godavari District
Andhra Pradesh 534 122, India
Correspondence: narne_chamundeswari@rediffmail.com
The blast disease is one of the major rice diseases in rice growing areas all over the world and
often causes significant yield losses in rice. Growing resistant varieties has been the most
effective and economical method of controlling this disease. In the present study the test entries
include the entries received as nominations from national and International institutes across the
world to be evaluated in International Rice Blast Nursery (IRBN) which is an integral part of the
International Network for Genetic Evaluation of Rice (INGER) coordinated by International rice
Research Institute (IRRI), Philippines around the world. The material consists of 55 test entries
and 2 checks. The check varieties are B 40 (Susceptible check) and IR 1552 (Resistant purple
check). The local resistant and susceptible cultivars viz., MTU 1001 and RDR 763 respectively
were also included in the nursery. The four check varieties along with 55 test entries were sown
during Kharif 2013 in augmented design in 4 blocks. Data was recorded on yield and yield
components. The test set was screened for leaf blast and neck blast separately during Rabi 2014.
Leaf blast and neck blast scores were given as per Standard Evaluation system (SES) of
International Rice Research Institute. The analysis of variance shown that there are significant
differences among test entries, check varieties and between test entries and check varieties. The
results revealed that the mean grain yield plant -1 was 22 grams (g), highest in IRBL9-W (41.5 g)
followed by IRBLSH-T/RL (40.5 g) and IR 09N500 (40 g). The leaf blast scores indicated that
only one entry IR 09A224 recorded leaf blast score 1 and found highly resistant. This entry also
recorded highest grain yield of 39.3g per plant under normal conditions. Of the seventeen entries
recorded score 2, the entries IR 06N209 and IR 10A227 showed highest grain yield of 37 and
36.3g plant-1 respectively indicating that these entries are high yielders possessing blast
resistance. Leaf blast score 3 was recorded by 14 entries. Two entries recorded score 4 and six
entries recorded score 5 indicating that these are moderately resistant to leaf blast. The entry
IRBL1-Cl recorded score 7 while IRBLK-KA andIRBLKP-K60 recorded score 9 revealing that
these entries are susceptible to leaf blast. The neck blast scores revealed that none of the entries
had shown resistant reaction to neck blast. Only one entry IRBLZ-FU/RL had shown moderate
resistant reaction with score 5, while two cultures IRBL 7-M/RL and IR 09N247 recoded score 7.
Remaining all entries showed highly susceptible reaction of score 9. The entries which are
highly resistant to leaf blast had also shown susceptible reaction to neck blast which clearly
indicated that the leaf blast resistant cultures need not be resistant to neck blast and there is no
entry which was resistant to neck blast. From the present study it is concluded that under normal
conditions the entries highest in IRBL9-W (41.5 g) followed by IRBLSH-T/RL (40.5 g) and IR
09N500 (40 g) recorded highest grain yield. The entries IR 09A224, IR 06N209 and IR 10A227 are
found highly resistant to leaf blast. Because of their high yield potential coupled with leaf blast
resistance these entries can be directly used as cultivars in irrigated low lands and can also be
used as donors in breeding programmes for development of rice varieties for cultivation under
blast endemic areas.

133

[SAOP-20]
IDENTIFICATION AND EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF MUNG(VIGNA
RADIATE L.) FLOUR ON SOLVENT RETENTION CAPACITY OF MUNGWHEAT COMPOSITE FLOUR
Thiruchenduran* S and Priyadharshani WMD
Department of Food Science and Technology,
Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, BelihulOya, Sri Lanka.

Partial replacement of wheat flour with de-hulled mung flour in producing analogous
functional products may cause sensory problems and limits the usage of composite
flour. Among various tests to predict the functionality of flour in products, solvent
retention capacity (SRC) profile (for solvents: water (WSRC), 5% Sodium carbonate
splution (SCSRC) and 50% Sucrose solution (SSRC)) of composite flour was evaluated.
Wheat flour was replaced 5%,10%,15% and 20% levels with Mung flour (MF) based on
sample weight. SRC was quantified after shaking and centrifuging solvent-flour mixture
at 1000*g for 20 min, removing decant and weighing the gel. Results shows that mung
flour percentage has significant effect on wheat flour SRC at 0.05 alpha (p-vals for:
WSRC=0.0481, SSRC<0.0001 and SCSRC=0.0012), mung amount with SSRC and SCSRC
had strong negative correlation (-0.758 and -0.741 respectively), 55.2% ov variation in
SSRC can be explained using equation SSRC=110.14465-0.83107Mung percentage,
52.99% of variation in SCSRC can be explained using equation SCSRC=86.10166-0.84663
Mung percentage, 20% and 10% MF have acceptable SSRC and SCSRC for good cookie
flour respectively and for acceptable sponge and dough system(S&D) 15% and 20% MF
has acceptable SSRC and 10%,15% and 20% MF has acceptable SCSRC. Over all
acceptability of composite flour for cookie and S&D system increases within the study
range.

134

[SAOP-21]
SOIL HEALTH ISSUES AND THEIR MANAGEMENT
Yamini M1*, Thanusha R2 and Vedadri U3.
1,3

Department of Soil Science and Agricultural chemistry, S.V.Agricultural College,

Tirupati, AP- 517502.

2Department

of Genetics and Plant Breeding, S.V.Agricultural College, Tirupati, AP

Correpondence: yaminisaraswathi9@gmail.com

In India over 97 million hectares of the cultivated area is under rainfed agriculture.
Soil is the most important resource for crop and livestock production in rainfed
ecosystem. The demand for food is increasing, which is necessitating the higher
productivity from rainfed regions; emphasize the critical importance for rainfed
agriculture in Indian economy and food security of growing population. India
would need to produce 350 Mt of food grains to feed the population of 1.41 billion
by 2025. Contrary to ever increasing demand for food, the rate of response of crops
to added fertilizers is declining year after year. To meet the requirement of growing
demand of food grains it is imperative to increase the production potential through
improving soil health in rainfed dryland regions besides the irrigated regions. The
decline in the rate of response of crops to added fertilizers under intensive cropping
is resulted from deterioration in physical, chemical and biological health of soils. The
term soil quality and soil health are often used interchangeably in the scientific
literature. Soil quality as the degree of fitness of a soil for specific use. Soil quality
encompasses not only crop productivity and environmental protection but also food
safety and animal/human health. Important issues related to soil health degradation
are, physical degradation such as compaction, crusting etc by excessive cultivation
or puddling. The major reasons for chemical degradation of soils are; wide nutrient
gap between nutrient demand and supply, high nutrient turn over in soil-plant
system coupled with low and imbalanced fertilizer use, emerging deficiencies of
secondary and micronutrients , poor nutrient use efficiency, acidification, salinity
and alkalinity in soils. Biological degradation by organic matter depletion and loss of
flora and fauna. Soil pollution from industrial wastes, excessive use of pesticides and
heavy metal contamination. Management strategies for sustaining better soil health
and higher productivity are choice of suitable crops and cropping systems, site
specific nutrient management for higher productivity and profitability besides
positive environmental benefits and integrated plant nutrient supply strategies for
different cropping systems.

135

[SAOP-22]
STUDIES ON HETEROSIS FOR GRAIN YIELD AND ITS COMPONENT
TRAITS IN MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.)
Raghu B1*, Suresh J2, Usharani G3, Saidaiah P4 and Sudheer Kumar S5
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture,
PJTSAU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad - 500030
*E-mail: raghu.plantbreeder@gmail.com
Maize being the world's widely grown cereal owes its importance and its high
cultivation area to its adaptation ability to a wide variety of climatic conditions. Maize
unveiled excessive ability for heterotic expression which is a pre-requisite in boosting up
yield. Heterosis is the foundation of modern maize breeding programs and depends on
the direction and magnitude, biological feasibility and the type of gene action involved.
Therefore, the present investigation was carried out at Maize Research Centre,
Rajendranagar, Hyderabad during rabi, 2008-09 to know the direction and magnitude of
different kinds of heterosis. The basic material comprised of ten diverse genotypes and
their forty five crosses obtained from 10 x 10 half diallel mating fashion. Crosses along
with parents and their standard checks were grown in a Randomized Block Design with
three replications. The cross SRRL-79 X SK-3 with 128.50 % of heterosis over better
parent showed significant heterotic responses to traits like days to 50 % silking, days to
50 % maturity, ear height, ear length, ear girth, number of kernels per row and 100 grain
weight. CM-211 X ACROSS with 99.69 % yield heterobeltiosis had significant
heterobeltiotic response to days to 50 % tasselling, days to 50 % maturity, plant height,
ear height, ear girth, number of kernels per row; SK-1 X SK-3 with heterobeltiosis of
97.35 % registered significant heterosis to days to 50 % tasseling, days to 50 % silking,
days to 50 % maturity, plant height, ear height, ear length, ear girth, number of kernels
per row; SRRL-79 X SK-1 with 91.85 % yield heterobeltiosis showed significant heterosis
to plant height, ear height, ear length, ear girth, number of kernel rows per ear, number
of kernels per row, 100 grain weight; while the cross CM-211 X SRRL-79 showed
heterobeltiosis of 91.58 % and significant response for plant height, ear height, ear
length, ear girth, 100 grain weight. The present investigation clearly showed large
magnitude of heterosis for grain yield and yield contributing characters in the five
hybrids viz., SRRL- 79 X SK-3, CM-211 X ACROSS, SK-1 X SK-3, SRRL-79 X SK-1 and
CM-211 X SRRL-79. These promising hybrids help in exploring suitable heterotic hybrid
combinations for future breeding programmes devoted to obtain superior hybrids and
commercial utilization in maize.

136

[SAOP-23]
CORRELATION STUDIES BETWEEN YIELD, YIELD ATTRIBUTES AND
DROUGHT TOLERANT TRAITS IN MUNGBEAN
Govardhan G1, Hariprasad Reddy K1, Mohan Reddy D1, Sudhakar P2 and
Bhaskara Reddy BV3
1Department

of Genetics and Plant Breeding, S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati

2Department

of Crop Physiology, RARS, Tirupati

3Department

of Plant Pathology, RARS, Tirupati

An investigation in mungbean was carried out with 58 mung genotypes including 4

checks (MGG 347, MGG 348, MGG 351 and LGG 460) to study the association between
yield, yield attributes and drought tolerant traits were sown in two sets simultaneously
in field as well as under rainout shelter during kharif, 2012 by adopting augmented block
design-II. Sufficient irrigation was provided for one set in field condition whereas
moisture stress was imposed to the crop under rainout shelter from 40 days to until
maturity. A perusal of correlation studies revealed that selection based on harvest index,
number of pods per plant and relative water content could be considered during
selection process to bring about improvement for high yield with drought tolerance
which would be suitable for both the irrigated and moisture stress conditions as they
had significant and positive association with seed yield. Further, adopting selection
based on days to 50% flowering, number of pods per cluster in irrigated condition and
plant height, days to maturity in moisture stress condition could also be beneficial as
they exhibited significant positive association with seed yield. Hence, these traits
especially relative water content could be used as selection criterion aimed for the
development of drought tolerant lines coupled with high yield.

137

[SAOP-24]
EFFECT OF BASAL Vs SPLIT APPLICATION OF FARM YARD MANURE ON
SOIL AND CROP PRODUCTIVITY OF SUGARCANE
Sreelatha T, Rama Lakshmi ChS and Veerabhadrarao K
Regional Agricultural Research Station, Anakapalle 531001.

Present study was conducted to study the effect of different doses of chemical fertilizers
along with farm yard manure either basal or split application on juice quality and
productivity of sugarcane. Effect of integrated nutrient management on cane juice
quality revealed that, though there was no significant difference among treatments,
highest cane juice sucrose of 19.21 % was observed in farm yard manure @ 25 t/ha as
basal which was on par with Farm Yard Manure @ 25 t/ha as two splits (19.10 %).
Integrated nutrient treatments exhibited significantly highest stalk population and
milleable canes (NMC) over farm yard manure alone treatments and also observed that
population counts were increased with increasing doses of nitrogen fertilizers over
recommended dose of chemical fertilizers (100 % chemical fertilizers) alone. Highest
mean stalk population counts (109405/ha) and No. of milleable canes (104915/ha) were
recorded in the treatment which received 150 % fertilizer N + Farm yard manure @ 25
t/ha as basal, which was on par with the treatment which received 100 % fertilizer N +
Farm yard manure @ 25t/ha. Cane and sugar yields were also followed the same trend
like yield attributes. Highest mean cane and sugar yield of 99.63 and 13.05 t/ha was
observed in the treatment which received 150 % fertilizer N + Farm yard manure @25
t/ha as basal however it was on par with 100 % fertilizer N + Farm yard manure 25 t
/ha as basal. Lowest sugar yield of 8.11 t/ha was observed Farm Yard Manure @ 25
t/ha alone. Though the juice quality is more in organic manure alone treatments sugar
yield is significantly less is due to minimum cane yields were recorded in these plots.

138

[SAOP-25]
GENOMICS ASSISTED BREEDING FOR PULSES
Thanusha R1*, Yamini M2, Manju Bhargavi M3 and Kavitha G3
1,3Department
2Department

of Genetics and Plant Breeding, S.V.Agricultural College, Tirupati.

of Soil Science and Agricultural chemistry, S.V. Agricultural College,

Tirupati 517 502.
*Correpondence: thanusharevuru22@gmail.com

The global population is continuously increasing and is expected to reach nine billion by
2050. This huge population pressure will lead to severe shortage of food, natural
resources and arable land. Such an alarming situation is most likely to arise in
developing countries due to increase in the proportion of people suffering from protein
and micronutrient malnutrition. Pulses being a primary and affordable source of
proteins (20-25%) and minerals play a key role in alleviating the protein calorie
malnutrition and micronutrient deficiencies. Though considerable success has been
achieved through conventional breeding so far in most of the pulse crops, could not
be enough to feed the ever increasing population. In this context, among various
approaches genomics-assisted breeding (GAB) holds promise in enhancing the genetic
gains. Though pulses have long been considered as orphan crops, recent advances in the
area of pulse genomics are noteworthy, e.g. discovery of genome-wide genetic markers,
high-throughput genotyping and sequencing platforms, high-density genetic
linkage/QTL maps and, more importantly, the availability of whole-genome sequence.
With genome sequence in hand, there is a great scope to apply genome-wide methods
for trait mapping using association studies and to choose desirable genotypes via
genomic selection. It is anticipated that GAB will speed up the progress of genetic
improvement of pulses, leading to the rapid development of cultivars with higher yield,
enhanced stress tolerance and wider adaptability. Marker- assisted back crossing
(MABC) is the simplest way to introgress QTLs. To capture multiple QTLs with
smaller effects, the idea of marker-assisted recurrent selection (MARS) was
pronounced. In conclusion, the developed genomic tools and technologies can be a
great supplement to the conventional breeding to experience a quantum leap in the
genetic gains of pulse crops. Strong interfaces are needed to be developed among the
pulse breeders, biotechnologists and bioinformaticians, so that the enormous amount
of the genomics information which has been accumulated in last years could be
translated into superior high yielding cultivars.

139

[SAPP-1]

THE SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF SALICYLIC ACID AND MALIC ACID IN

ALLEVIATING ALUMINUM INDUCED TOXICITY IN FINGER MILLET
(ELEUSINE CORACANA L.)
Hemalatha S*, Varalakshmi S and Balaji M
Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University,
Tirupati 517 502, A.P. India.
*Correspondence: hemasade.biochem@gmail.com
Al toxicity is a major constraint for crop production in acidic soil worldwide. When the
soil pH is lower than 5, Al3+ is released in to the soil and enters into root tip cell and
ceases root development of plant. The alleviating effect of salicylic acid (SA) and malic
acid (MA) in reducing the effects of Aluminum (Al) toxicity in Finger millet (Eleusine
coracana L.) cultivars like IE 3618 (Resistant) and Ratnagiri (Sensitive) were studied. The
concentrations like Al-100M, Al-100M +SA-50 M, Al-100 M+SA-100 M, Al-100
M+SA-100 M+MA-100 M were given to the seedlings of Finger millet cultivars.
Organic acids with Al-chelating ability play an important role in the detoxification of Al
both externally and internally. Al is detoxified externally by the secretion of organic
acids such as Malic acid (MA) and Salicylic acid (SA). Al treatment (100 M) caused 40%
- 65% drop in plant growth, relative water content (RWC) and 0.5 to 2 folds increase in
proline content respectively, when compared to their control plants grown in Al free
medium. Al treatment also resulted in 2-5 fold raise in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels,
and 2 -3 fold higher Al uptake. Al also caused 2-5 fold decrease in other elements (Ca
and P) concentrations. The antioxidant enzymes like Catalase (CAT), superoxide
dismutase (SOD) and Peroxidase (POD) showed varied activities under Al alone. CAT
activity decreased after Al treatment, followed by increase in SOD and POD activity.
Under SA-priming conditions, the efficiency of the antioxidant enzymes was slightly
increased, whereas by the adding of MA, the enzyme activities were significantly
elevated. MA and SA showed gradual increase in these antioxidants, retention of
proline, improvement in elements concentration and decrease in MDA content. Our
results indicated that MA and SA showed better performance to overcome Al toxicity
when administered synergistically than individually. IE3618 showed better recovery
than Ratnagiri.

140

[SAPP-2]

EVALUATION OF ANTI-BACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF DE-HULLED MANGO

SEED EXTRACT
Venkata Rao KV1 , PavanKumar C2 , Alpha Raj M1 , Syaama Sundar N2,
Ananda Kumar P3.
1Department

of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 2Department of Veterinary Medicine,

3Department

of Veterinary Microbiology,

College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur 516 360 (A.P) India

This study is aimed at evaluating the anti-bacterial activity of de hulled Mango seed
extract. De- hulled Mango seeds were used to produce aqueous and methanolic extracts.
100g of de-hulled mango seed was shade dried, powdered & extracted with either 500ml
of distilled water or methanol. The yield in both extracts ranged between 25-30%. The
extracts were evaluated for anti-bacterial activity against Escherichia coli, which is the
most common cause of diarrhoea, using micro plate dilution method. The MIC of
aqueous extract was 1.65mg/mL and that of methanolic extract was 0.83mg/mL. The
Tannin content in the extracts ranged from 35.23mg/g in aqueous to 68.43mg/g in
methanolic extract. In conclusion the antidiarrhoeal effects of mango seed extract can be
attributed mainly to the Tannin content than the

antibacterial activity. Hence

concomitant use of antibacterial agent with mango seed extract is advocated for use in
diarrhoea.

141

[SAPP-3]

STUDIES ON CRITICAL PERIOD OF CROP WEED COMPETITION AND

WEED DYNAMICS IN HYBRID MAIZE
Jitendra Kumar Singh, Prabhakara Reddy G and Nagamani C
Department of Agronomy, S.V. Agricultural College,
Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh-517 502
Correspondence: reddygp67@yahoo.co.in

A field experiment was conducted during rabi 2009-2010, at wetland farm of

S.V.Agricultural college, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh to study the critical period of crop
weed competition and weed dynamics in hybrid maize. The experiment was laid out in
Randomized Block Design, replicated thrice with twelve treatments, viz; Weed free
condition (WFC) up to 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 DAS and weed interference (WI) up to 15, 30,
45, 60 and 75 DAS along with weed free and weedy check. The test cultivar was DHM
117. The major weed flora of the experimental field consisted of Cynodon dactylon,
Cyperus rotundus, and Commelina benghalensis, Dactyloctenium aegyptim, Cleome viscosa and
Euphorbia hirta. The density and biomass of weeds (broad leaved weeds, grasses and
sedges) tended to decrease with increasing weed free condition up to harvest. The
growth parameters, yield and economics of maize were significantly influenced by
varying periods of weed free and weed interference conditions. The critical period of
crop weed competition in hybrid maize in alfisols was found to be from 30 to 45 DAS
(Days After Sowing).

142

[SAPP-4]
DISEASE REACTION OF FINGER MILLET GENOTYPES TO BLAST DISEASE
CAUSED BY PYRICULARIA GRISEA
Hemalatha TM, Madhavilatha L and Subbarao M
Agricultural Research Station, Perumallapalle
Correspondence: hema_agri@yahoo.com
Finger millet blast is the most devastating disease affecting different aerial parts of the
plant at all growth stages starting from seedling to grain formation. The average loss
due to blast has been reported to be around 28-36% and in endemic areas, yield losses
could be as high as 80-90%. Effective management of blast disease in finger millet can
best be achieved through host- plant resistance. Growing cultivars with durable
resistance is the best means of combating the blast disease of finger millet, which is
predominantly grown by resource-poor and marginal farmers. Hence development and
screening of finger millet varieties for blast disease is a continuous process. Seventeen
entries were evaluated for their reaction to all the three types of the blast disease under
field conditions during Kharif and Rabi 2011-12 at Agricultural Research Station,
Perumallapalle. In the study, almost all the varieties showed moderately susceptible
reaction to neck and finger blast while the susceptible check variety, Champavathi (VR708) showed highly susceptible reaction to both the neck and finger blast. Only one
variety ie., VR-959 showed moderately resistant reaction to both neck and finger blast
during both the seasons of Kharif and rabi, 2012 with a least mean incidence of 4.98%
neck blast and 7.66% of finger blast with highest mean grain yield of 34.31q/ha. The
varieties VR (W) 978, PR 10-45, PR 10-7 and VR 948, though recorded an incidence of
neck blast ranging from 5.65-10.45% showing moderately susceptible reaction to Neck
blast, are on par with the best variety, VR 959 in yield production (33.93, 33.07, 31.41 and
30.49 q/ha respectively).

143

[SAPP-5]
GRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF YIELD AND DROUGHT TRAIT RELATIONS OF
GREENGRAM BY USING GENOTYPE BY TRAIT (GT) BIPLOT
Paramesh M, Mohan Reddy D, Shanthi Priya M, Sudhakar P and Reddy KHP
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, S.V. Agricultural College,
Tirupati 517502.
Correspondence: parameshm03@gmail.com
The present investigation was carried out during rabi, 2013-14 at Sri Venkateswara
Agricultural College, Tirupati to study the interrelationship among greengram traits by
using genotype by trait biplot technique. A total of thirty one greengram genotypes
were assessed using RBD with three replications. GT biplot analysis revealed that, seed
yield was highly positively correlated with number of pods per plant and number of
clusters per plant indicating that higher the values of these two traits, more will be the
seed yield. It was also positively correlated with days to maturity, plant height, specific
leaf area, relative injury and chlorophyll stability index. However, seed yield was
negatively correlated with relative water content and showed independent association
with chlorophyll content and SCMR indicting that zero contribution of these traits in
manifestation of seed yield. For the drought related traits a strong positive correlation
was observed between relative injury and chlorophyll stability index, between SCMR,
chlorophyll content and relative water content and between relative injury, chlorophyll
stability index and specific leaf area. The characters chlorophyll content, specific leaf
area, relative injury and chlorophyll stability index showed a positive correlation with
seed yield indicating the importance of these traits in manifestation of seed yield. Hence
it could be suggested that the traits number of pods per plant, number of clusters per
plant, days to maturity, plant height, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll stability index
could be considered as momentous in the breeding programme aimed for the
development of high yield and drought tolerance.

144

[SAPP-6]
INFLUENCE OF WATERLOGGING ON CETAIN BIOCHEMICAL AND YIELD
PARAMETERS OF PIGEONPEA (CAJANUS CAJAN (L.) MILLSP)
Yohan Y, Umamahesh V, Sudhakar P and Reddi Ramu Y
Department of Crop Physiology, S.V.Agricultural College,
Tirupati-517502, (A.P), India
Correspondence: yohanpg30@gmail.com

A pot culture experiment was conducted at Department of Crop physiology, S.V.

Agricultural College, Tirupati during kharif 2013 to know the effect of waterlogging on
certain Physiological parameters of Redgram (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp).The experiment
was conducted in a spilt pot design with different time periods of waterlogging as main
treatments and genotypes as subplots. LRG 30, Maruti and Asha were the genotypes
tested. Waterlogging affected all the biochemical and yield parameters viz., reducing
and total reducing sugars, superoxide dismutase, membrane stability index, number of
pods per plant, pod dry weight and seed yield. The three different periods of stress
imposition were 40 DAS (vegetative stage), 80 DAS (reproductive stage) and 120 DAS
(pod formation stage). Sensitive stage for different biochemical and yield parameters
were recorded.

Water logging at 40DAS affected super oxide dismutase, reducing

sugars and total sugars. When stress was imposed at 80DAS only pod dry weight
affected. A greater decrease in number of pods per plant and seed yield was observed
when stress was imposed at 120 DAS. The present study forms a biochemical and yield
basis to understand the sensitive stage of redgram to waterlogging stress.

145

[SAPP-7]
EVALUATION OF GLADIOLUS CULTIVARS UNDER OPEN FIELD
CONDITIONS FOR QUALITY AND VASE LIFE ATTRIBUTES
Devi Priya A, Swarajya Lakshmi K, Nagaraju R and Srinivasa reddy D
Department of Horticulture, Dr. Y.S.R. Horticultural University
H.C & R.I, Anantharajupet, Y.S.R. District-516 105, A.P.
Correspondence: avilala.devipriya@gmail.com
A study was conducted to evaluate fourteen cultivars of gladiolus at Horticultural College
and Research Institute, Anantharajupet, Y.S.R. District for spike quality and vase life
parameters. Significant variations were observed for floral characters, among all cultivars,
cv. Bindya (52.20, 59.67, 63.67 days), Ac. No 7 (54.73, 61.00, 63.80 days) and Swarnima
(55.53, 63.67, 67.73 days) were found early to spike initiation, first floret to show colour
and first floret to open respectively. The cultivar Swarnima (90.60, 54.47 cm) recorded
maximum Spike length and rachis length. Cultivars Swarnima (13.40) and Arka Amar
(13.00) also produced more number of florets spike-1. Maximum diameter of first floret
was noticed in cultivar Arka Gold (12.37 cm) and Bindya (12.27 cm). Maximum longevity
of spike on plant and vase life period was observed in cultivar Arka Gold (16.40, 12.03
days).

146

[SAPP-8]
ROLE OF PHYTASE IN AGRICULTURAL CROPS
Sandhya A, Sridevi A and Suvarnalatha Devi P
Department of Applied Microbiology, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam,
Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh
Correspondence: sandhya.penna@gmail.com

Soil phosphorous is an important macronutrient for plant growth. This element helps
crop plants to form strong root systems and develop flowers or fruit. P is usually added
to soil as chemical P fertilizer, however synthesis of chemical P fertilizer is highly energy
intensive processes, and has long term impacts on the environment in terms of
eutrophication, soil fertility depletion, and carbon footprint. Plants can use only a small
amount of P since 75 90% of added P is precipitated by metal cation complexes like
phytate, and rapidly becomes fixed in soils. Such environmental concerns have led to
the search for sustainable way of P nutrition of crops. Microorganisms hydrolyze this
organic form of phosphorous secreting phosphatases such as phytases and
acidic/alkaline phosphatases and helps in phosphorous uptake. This study reveals the
use of efficient Phytase producing organisms that opens up a new horizon for better
crop productivity besides sustaining soil health.

147

[SAPP-9]
IDENTIFICATION OF GROUNDNUT GENOTYPES SUITABLE FOR EARLY
KHARIF SITUATION IN SOUTHERN ZONE OF ANDHRA PRADESH
Vasanthi RP, Purushotham M, Bharath kumar CG, Siva kumar E and
Giridhara Krishna T
Regional Agricultural Research Station, Tirupathi - 517502

Groundnut is cultivated in three to four major situations i.e. early kharif (irrigated),
kharif (rainfed), kharif (irrigated) and rabi (irrigated) in Andhra Pradesh. In early kharif,
about 50,000 ha is being cultivated in different districts wherever there is irrigation
facility. This situation demands different plant type as the existing popular varieties
grow tall and lodge resulting in reduction in yield. The short statured TAG 24 occupies
maximum area in this situation. In this variety, the constraints are in-situ germination
and non-synchronous podding and maturity. About 18 cultures were evaluated
involving five check varieties of groundnut during kharif 2014. Out of the genotypes
evaluated, TCGS 1157, TCGS 1157A and TCGS 1330 were found to be significantly
superior over the best check variety, Dharani (2065 kg/ha) while TCGS 1073, 1345, 1346,
1349, 1375 and 1387 were at par with respect to pod yield. Highest 100 kernel weight
was recorded by TCGS 1330 and 1375 (41g) while it was 40g in TCGS 1157A. Dharanis
100-kernel weight was 37g while Kadiri6 and Narayani recorded 31g. Genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) ranged from 6.46% (SMK %) to 21.87% (kernel yield kg/ha)
while the heritability was high (>50%) for all the traits studied i.e. pod yield, kernel
yield, 100-pod weight, 100-kernel weight, shelling % and sound mature kernel
percentage. Genetic advance as percentage of mean (GAM) was high for pod yield,
kernel yield, 100-pod weight and 100-kernel weight indicating that phenotypic selection
would be more fruitful in selection to bring about improvement in yield and yield
attributes while GAM was moderate for shelling and SMK % indicating moderate scope
of improvement in these traits through phenotypic selection.

148

[SAPP-10]
BIO FORTIFICATION OF ZINC IN RICE
Vineetha U, Surendra Babu P, Chandini Patnaik M, Rajan CPD, RameshBabu P,
RajaSekhar P, Harathi PN and Paramasiva I
Agricultural Research Station, Nellore, A.N.G.Ranga Agricultural University
Correspondence: vineethaharanath@yahoo.co.in
One third of the world population is reported at the risk of zinc malnutrition due
to inadequate dietary intake of zinc (Cakmak 2009). Singh (2010) reported wide spread
hidden hunger of zinc in seeds and feeds which is affecting a large segment of resource
poor families whose food comes mainly from cereals grown on zinc deficient soils.
Continuous intensive cropping of high yielding crop varieties has further aggravated
the depletion of soil zinc leading to low zinc concentration in edible grains. Fortification
of food grains is the best option as a permanent solution. The viable and quick option
would be to opt for ferti-fortification of zinc in food grain crops. . The best way is
thought to be the biofortification of the rice grains by applying Zn fertilizers as poor
people cannot afford Zn supplementation. Present study was carried out at Agricultural
Research Station, Nellore during Kharif and rabi, 2012 on Bio Fortification of zinc in
rice. The experiment was conducted in clay loam soil with 0.45 % O.C, 7.8 PH & 0.84
EC (dsm-1). The available nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium were 66, 147 and 574
kg/ha respectively. Field trial was laid out in Randomized block design with 12
Treatments namely T1: Control (Only NPK but no zinc), T2: 25 kg Zinc Sulphate / ha
(SA), T3: T2 + 1 ZS Spray at 21 DAT (@ 2 g / lit), T4: T2 + 1 ZS Spray at 60 DAT, T5: T2+ 2
Sprays of Zn (21 & 60 DAT), T6: 12.5 kg ZS /ha (SA), T7: T6+ 1 ZS Spray at 21 DAT (@ 2 g
/ lit), T8: T6 + 1 ZS Spray at 60 DAT, T9: T6 + 2 Sprays of Zn (21 & 60DAT), T10: Only 1
Foliar Spray (@ 2g/ lit) at 21 DAT, T11: Only 1 Foliar Spray (@ 2 g / lit) at 60 DAT, T12:
Two Foliar Sprays(@2g/ lit) (at 21 & 60 DAT) and replicated thrice and T13: Zinc
Sulphate @ 50 kg / ha Basal Soil Application (For Rabi Crop only) Application of zinc
either through soil application or through spraying at one or two splits did not influence
the grain yield at recommended doses in Kharif season. But in rabi season, The highest
grain yield (7070 kg/ha) was obtained with soil application of Zinc@ 50 kg/ha followed
by 25 kg ZNSO4 as soil application and two sprays of Zinc at 21&60 DAT which was on
par with soil application of Zinc @ 25 kg/ha with one spray of zinc at 21 DAT. But with
regard to Zinc Fortification, The highest mean zinc content 24.27, 21.99 & 29.05 mg/kg
was recorded in Whole grain, Brown rice and rice husk respectively when zinc was
applied @ 25 kg Znso4/ha + 2 Sprays of zinc at 21 & 60 DAT. The percent zinc
fortification was also highest i.e 24.24 (Whole grain), 19.42 (Brown rice) & 42.94 (Rice
husk) when zinc was applied @ 25 kg Znso4/ha + 2 Sprays of zinc at 21 & 60 DAT.

149

[SAPP-11]
PURIFICATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND HPLC ANALYSIS OF AMYLASE FROM RICE
Fareeda G1, Adam S2, Nagalakshmi Devamma M3, Prasad TNVKV2
1Dept.

of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, S.V. Agricultural College,

Tirupati- 517 502

2 Nano

Technology Laboratory, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Tirupati-517 502

3Dept.

of Botany, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati-517 502.

Correspondence: fareeda_rgm@rediffmail.com

Amylases are hydrolytic enzymes which are widely distributed in animals, plants
and microorganisms. Amylases are of great significance in present-day biotechnology.
In present study, -amylase is isolated from rice. Conventional protein purification
techniques such as salt fractionation, CM-cellulose and sephadex G-75 was employed
for the purification of -amylase from the seeds of rice. The -amylase activity was
eluted in one peak. The specific activity and yield of the purified -amylase was 8.23
and 29.6 respectively. SDS-PAGE was used to determine the molecular weight of the
purified -amylase. The purified -amylase was nearly homogenous and its molecular
weight was found to be 44 kDa. The enzyme randomly attacked the bonds in the inner
region of the starch and produced various maltoligosaccharieds. The minimum length of
maltooilgosaccharides cleaved by the enzyme was maltohexose. This work contributed
with the advances in biochemistry generating of conditions for application of a new and
of low price amylases source.

150

[SAPP-12]
NUTRIENT UPTAKE AND PRODUCTIVITY OF HYBRID MAIZE (Zea mays L.)
AS INFLUENCED BY INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT
Nagavani AV* and Subbian P
*Department of Agronomy, S.V. Agricultural college, Tirupati- 517502
Maize is a miracle crop. Due to its tremendous yield potential, maize is popularly called
as Queen of cereals. With the intention of achieving evergreen revolution, intensive
research in maize has been started anticipating its importance for food and feed. Though
the continuous use of fertilizers had significantly improved the crop productivity, heavy
fertilizer application on the same plot every year will drain the soil fertility rapidly and
result in a plethora of problems viz., decline in crop productivity, deficiency of several
micro nutrients, environmental pollution etc. Thus, it has been realized that application
of chemical fertilizers in conjunction with organic manures and bio fertilizers will
sustain and maintain the productivity of soil. A field experiment was conducted on clay
loam soil at the irrigated upland farm of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University,
Coimbatore, during kharif and rabi seasons of 2008 and 2009. The experiment was laid
out in randomized block design with three replications. The experiment consisted of ten
treatments comprising four treatments of different organic manures and their
combinations viz., 100 per cent Recommended Dose of Fertilizer (RDF) through
farmyard manure, vermicompost and poultry manure and all the manures at 1/3, 1/3,
1/3 proportion. Four treatments were integrated i.e., 50 per cent RDF through organic
manures and 50 per cent RDF through inorganic fertilizers. The remaining two
treatments were 100 per cent RDF through inorganic fertilizers and control. The results
revealed that significant increase in yield components, grain and stover yield of maize
were recorded with the application of 50 per cent RDF through poultry manure + 50 per
cent RDF through inorganic fertilizers followed by 50 per cent RDF through
vermicompost + 50 per cent RDF through inorganic fertilizers. Improvement in N and P
uptake and enrichment in soil available nutrients status at the end of two year cropping
sequence were recorded with the application of 50 per cent RDF through inorganic
fertilizers + 50 per cent RDF through poultry manure whereas, K uptake was recorded
with 50 per cent RDF through inorganic fertilizers +50 per cent RDF through
vermicompost.

151

[SAPP-13]
INHIBITION OF SOIL ENZYME ACTIVITIES TO HIGHER DOSES OF
HERBICIDES
Rama Lakshmi ChS, Rao PC, Madhavi M and Sireesha A
AICRP on Weed Control, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad
Correspondence: sitaramalakshmi20@yahoo.com

Intensive use of herbicides without adequate knowledge of its effects on soil enzymes
may have adverse impact on soil biochemical processes and cycling of nutrients. Hence,
a study was conducted to assess the effects of oxadiargyl on soil enzymes i.e urease,
phosphatase and dehydrogenase were chosen for study because of their influence on
transformation of nitrogen and phosphorus in soil and on microbial activity of soil. A
field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different doses of oxadiargyl on
soil enzyme activities in spinach grown soils. In both the seasons and in both the sub
plots (FYM 10 tha-1 and without FYM) significantly higher urease, phosphatase and
dehydrogenase activity was recorded in the treatment which received oxadiargyl @ 0.75
kg a.i ha-1 and lower urease activity was recorded in the plots which received
oxadiargyl @ 1.5 kg a.i ha-1, however it was on par with un weeded check. Irrespective
of the seasons and treatments all the enzymes activity increased from 0 to 30 days after
application and showed maximum activity at 30 days after application and decreased at
the time of harvest. The treatment with hand weeding recorded lower soil urease
activity than oxadiargyl @ 0.75 kg a.i ha-1 during both the years, however it was
significantly higher than oxadiargyl @ 1.5 kg a.i ha-1and un weeded check. Acid and
alkaline phosphatase activity in soils was in order of oxadairgyl @ 0.75 kg ha-1 >
oxadairgyl @ 1.5 kg ha-1 > hand weeding > un weeded check. The dehydrogenase
activity was significantly higher in herbicide treated plots as compared to control.
Dehydrogenase activity in soils was in order of oxadiargyl @ 0.75 kg ha-1 > oxadiargyl @
1.5 kg ha-1 > hand weeding > un weeded check. It can be summarized that there has
been increased activity of enzymes at lower levels of herbicide as compared to un
weeded check and at higher levels there was decreased activity than lower levels. Which
may be due to the availability of carbon source for the growth of microorganisms. A
change in species composition of soil microorganisms may occur after pesticide
application but elimination of a single species is very unlikely. After initial disturbance,
there is generally a tendency to restore the original level quickly, as there is rarely a total
exposure of soil microorganisms to biologically active concentration of herbicide.

152

[SAPP-14]
PREPARATION OF SOIL NUTRIENT STATUS THEMATIC MAPS OF
NANDYAL MANDAL OF KURNOOL DISTRICT BY GEOGRAPHIC
INFORMATION SYSTEM
Reddy PVRM, Naga Madhuri KV, Kumar KV, Prasad TNVKVand
Giridhara Krishna T
Acharya N.G. Ranga Agricultural University, Insistuite of Frointer Technology,
RARS, Tirupati.

The present study is an attempt to assess the spatial variability by generating

thematic maps of available soil fertility status of Nandyal mandal in Kurnool District
by GIS technique. Two hundred and forty three geo-referenced soil samples were
collected from sixteen villages at random and analysed for soil fertility adopting
standard procedures and mapped by Geographic information system. The pH of the
soil samples was neutral to highly alkaline in reaction. Available nitrogen was
generally low to medium whereas Phosphorous and potassium are available in all
the three ranges i.e. low, medium and high. The available micronutrient viz., Iron,
copper, zinc and manganese were deficit in 13.54 %, 18.76 %, 31.22% and 16.83 %
area respectively in these soils. The spatial variability of the various soil parameters
helps the farmers to take up sustained crop management practices.

153

[SAPP-15]
PARENTAL LINES SCREENING FOR IDENTIFICATION OF STEM ROT
RESISTANCE GENES IN GROUNDNUT (ARACHIS HYPOGEA L.) USING SSR
MARKER
Amaravathi Y*, Jhansi Rani, Siva kumar E, Vasanthi RP and Giridhara Krishna T
Institute of Frontier Technology, RARS, Tirupati-517502
*Correspondence: dryellaridreddy@gmail.com

Groundnut or peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the most economically important
crops in India. Groundnut productivity has been adversely challenged by several biotic
and abiotic stresses. Stem rot, a major disease of groundnut caused by Sclerotium rolfsii
causing production losses ranging from 10 to 25% annually and reaches up to 80% when
the outbreak of disease epidemics. This disease is wide spread and causes serious losses
.Groundnut cultivars differ greatly in their reaction to stem rot disease and little is
known about the inheritance of this disease. Germplasm lines viz., NC2, Toalson, Nc
Ac18016, Nc8C, NCAc18416, Southern Runner, NC9, GAT2741, ICGV87359, ICGV
86590, CS19, ICGV 87160, 1364, TCG1525, NCAc 18019, SS34, Haryanawadi, ND8-2,
VRR472 and RR5290 were screened for stem and pod rot disease. CS 19 was found to be
comparatively more resistant than other accessions and was included for mapping
population development by crossing with the susceptible variety Narayani. The same
parental lines were used for SSR marker polymorphism screening. Molecular studies
reported extremely low levels of polymorphism within the cultivated species compared
to wild relatives of Arachis. The low diversity detected with SSR markers in the
cultivated genepool demanded large-scale SSR marker development (Panday et al.,
2011). Recent availability of SSR markers in the public database will greatly facilitate
molecular mapping breeding in this crop. 180 SSR markers were screened between
parental lines.The position of these markers were identifies by blast seach in silico. Of
these, 31 SSR markers were belonged to A genome; 30 SSR markers were on B
genome and 22 on found on both genomes which spread on 10 chromosomes. Out of
180 markers 29 (17 %) markers viz., AH229, AH264, IPHAM284, IPHAM207,
IPHAM165, IPHAM71C,IPHAM41, AP46, AP176, PM145, GA53, SEQ3G07, PMC468,
PM208, RN09C02, RN09C08, RN02F12, IPAHM23, IPAHM308, IPAHM33, IPAHM352,
IPAHM534, IPAHM556, IPAHM589, IPAHM207, AH282, AH296, AH330 and GA6 were
found to be polymorphic between stem and pod rot resistant (CS 19) and susceptible
(Narayani) parents. These markers can be employed for genotyping the germplasm and
mapping populations for stem and pod rot resistance.

154

[SAPP-16]
MANAGEMENT OF GROUNDNUT LEAF MINER, APROAREMA MODICELLA
IN RAINFED GROUNDNUT
Devaki K, RamaKrishna Rao A, Murali Krishna T , Suma K, Srividya PB, Pavana
Jyotsna and Areefa P
Institute of Frontier Technology, Regional Agricultural Research Station,Tirupati-517502
A.P

Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oilseed crop of tropical and

subtropical regions of the world. India is also one among the major groundnut growing
countries of the world. The low level of groundnut productivity in India is largely
because the crop is raised under rainfed/dry land condition. The groundnut leaf miner
(GLM) Aproaerema modicella Deventer, (Gelechiidae; Lepidoptera) is an oligophagous
insect pest feeding on leguminous host plants and a serious insect pest of groundnut
and soybean in rainy and post rainy seasons in India, South and South East Asia. Yield
losses more than 50 per cent are reported in groundnut due to GLM. Keeping the
economic importance of this pest in view, field experiments were conducted in
randomized block design with nine treatments and three replications for three years at
Regional Agricultural Research Station, Tirupati during kharif, 2009 to 2011 seasons. The
treatments included were both conventional and new insecticides. The results from
three seasons data indicated that, treatments with quinalphos @ 2.0mL/L (4.37%),
monocrotophos@1.6mL/L (4.25%), chlorpyriphos @ 2.5mL/L (4.04%) were effective
against GLM in reducing larval population as well as foliar damage caused by GLM.
Apart from the conventional insecticides, new molecules like spinosad @ 0.25mL/L
were also found effective in reducing foliar damage by GLM. In untreated control the
damage of 9.54 per cent was recorded with a larval population of 10 No/ 10 plants. Pod
yield was also high in all the three treatments viz., quinalphos @ 2.0mL/L,
monocrotophos@1.6mL/L and chlorpyriphos @ 2.5mL/L i.e., 1498, 1347 and 1309 kg/ha
respectively, when compared to control (740Kg/ha). These three treatments were also
effective in terms of cost compared to spinosad @0.25mL/L.

155

[SAPP-17]
NUTRIENT UPTAKE, SOIL AVAILABLE NUTRIENT STATUS AS
INFLUENCED BY USE OF ORGANIC MANURES AND PANCHAKAVYA
IN ONION
Lalitha Kadiri1, Prabhakara Reddy G1, Chandrika V1 and Kadiri Mohan2
1Department

of Agronomy, 2 Department of Extension , Acharya N.G.Ranga

Agricultural University, Tirupati-517502 (Andhra Pradesh).

Correpondence: lalithaprakash03@gmail.com
A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of organic manures and
Panchakavya on nutrient uptake and soil available nutrient status of onion during
rabi, 2007 at S.V. Agricutural College, Tirupati . There were eleven treatments
comprising of five different sources of nitrogen viz. farm yard manure, poultry
manure, green leaf manure, sheep manure with and without Panchakavya to supply
recommended dose of nitrogen on equal nitrogen basis. Nutrient uptake by shoots,
bulbs and total nutrient uptake followed similar trend. The highest nitrogen uptake
of onion was registered with recommended dose of NPK, since it was applied in
suitable number of splits, to match the physiological needs of the crop, resulting in
greater absorption compared to the organic source of N applied totally as basal. The
highest phosphorus uptake was recorded with poultry manure and that of
potassium was found with farm yard manure. Among the organic sources tried,
green leaf manure, farm yard manure replenished more available nitrogen to soil
than with that of sheep manure and poultry manure The build up of soil available
phosphorus status with varied anorial practices was in the descending order of
poultry manure, fertilizer, green leaf manure, sheep manure and farm yard manure.
While the build up of soil available potassium status was in the descending order of
green leaf manure, farm yard manure, sheep manure, poultry manure and fertilizer.
All the three major nutrients were found depleted after harvest of onion crop with
the control and periodical spraying of Panchakavya alone, which might be due to
non-supply of NPK through any source coupled with exhaustion of native soil
nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by the crop. Among the organic manures, the
residual left over with respect to the major nutrients was commensurate with
respective nutrient content of different organic manures and depletion pattern of
nutrients due to differential uptake by different crops.

156

[SAPP-18]
APPROACHES TO IMPROVE DROUGHT TOLERANCE IN CROPS
Manjubhargavi M1, Thanusha R2, Kavitha G3
Department of Genetics and Plant breeding, S.V. Agricultural college, Tirupathi
Correpondence: manjubhagravimotupalli@gmail.com
Drought is one of the most serious production constraints for world agriculture.
Which is caused by insufficient rainfall and/or altered precipitation patterns (Toker
et al., 2007). There is a need to reduce the losses due to drought by improving
drought tolerance in crops. Drought is a complex trait controlled by a polygenes it
can be improved by both conventional and molecular breeding approaches. In
conventional breeding drought tolerance in the crops can be improved by directly
selecting for yield in drought environment , selecting the yield in both drought and
non drought environments and also by selecting the plant based on physiological
trait related to drought tolerance such as osmotic adjustment, root volume, stay
green character etc. Drought tolerance score and pod per plant can be good selection
criteria for improving seed yield per plant in chickpea for drought environment
(Kanouni et al.,2012). Both additive and non additive genes affected variation for
drought tolerance, but the influence of additive gene was more pronounced in
cotton, single plant selection in later segregating generations improve drought
tolerance (Iqbal et al.,2011). The drought selected introgression lines represent useful
genetic resource to develop improved cultivars in rice (Lafitte et al., 2006) and also
the physiological trait such as osmotic adjustment can contribute to drought
tolerance in maize crop (Claudio et al.,2006). The molecular dissection of drought
tolerance through identification of QTLs related to drought related traits, QTL
cloning, candidate genes from model plants, transcriptomics and functional
genomics can be used for improving drought tolerance. The yield under drought has
been successfully improved in rice varieties IR64 and vandana through marker
assisted backcross breeding approach and QTL introgression in several other
popular varieties is in progress (Kumar et al.,2014). Genome wide selection could
increase genetic gains per unit time for grain yield under drought (Ziyome, and
Bernardo 2013). Stress - inducible expression of AtDREB1A transcription factor
greatly improves drought stress tolerance in transgenic indica rice (Ravikumar et al.
2014). In conclusion it is essential to integrate crop physiology, genomics and
breeding approaches to dissect complex drought tolerance traits, understand the
molecular basis of drought tolerance and develop next generation crops.

157

[SAPP-19]
HETEROSIS AND INBREEDING DEPRESSION FOR RESISTANCE TO
KALAHASTI MALADY, YIELD AND YIELD ATTRIBUTING TRAITS IN
GROUNDNUT (ARACHIS HYPOGAEA L.)
Venkata Ramana E1, Vasanthi RP2, Hariprasad Reddy K3, Bhaskar Reddy BV4 and
Ravindra Reddy B5
1.2,4Regional

Agricultural Research station, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India

3,5S.V.Agricultural;

College, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India

Correpondence: evr.rars@yahoo.co.in

Twenty one crosses produced during rabi 2010-11 in half diallel fashion excluding
reciprocals using seven genotypes were evaluated to study the heterosis and inbreeding
depression for kalahasti malady resistance, pod yield and yield attributing characters in
groundnut. The traits viz., number of primary branches per plant, pod yield per plant
and total phenolic compounds showed heterosis over better parent (heterobeltiosis)
while the traits viz., number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary
branches per plant, kernel number per plant, kernel yield per plant, harvest index,
SCMR, pod yield and total phenolic compounds showed heterosis over mid parent.
Kadiri 6 Tirupati 3 for days to 50% flowering and day to maturity, Kalahasti Prasuna
for number of primary branches per plant and number of secondary branches per
plant, Tirupati 4 ICG(FDRS) 79 for kernel number per plant and kernel yield per plant,
Narayani Kalahasti for SCMR and cross combinations viz., Narayani ICG(FDRS) 79,
Tirupati 4 ICG(FDRS) 79 and Tirupati 3 ICG(FDRS) 79 for tolerance to kalahasti
malady and Kadiri 6 ICG(FDRS) 79 for pod yield were identified as best heterotic
cross combinations.

158

[SAPP-20]
INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT IRRIGATION REGIMES ON GROWTH AND
YIELD OF JATROPHA CURCAS
Maheswara Reddy P, Krishna Reddy G, Prasanthi L and Giridhara Krishna T
Dept of Agronomy, SV Agriculture College, Tirupati.
A filed experiment was initiated during the year 2005 on sandy clay loam soils at
Regional Agricultural Research Station, Tirupati to study the influence different
irrigation regimes on growth and seed yield of Jatropha curcas. The results obtained after
five years of planting (2010) revealed that Jatropha plants irrigated with 75% crop ET
level showed higher plant growth (294 cm), number of branches per plant (53), E-W
spread (210 cm), N-S spread (208 cm), number of capsules per plant (274), seed yield per
plant (463.3) and per hectare (9.58 q) as compared to control, 25% and 50% CPE levels.

159

[SAPP-21]
MASS MULTIPLICATION OF SCLEROTIUM ROLFSII FOR DEVELOPMENT
SICK PLOTS TO SCREEN GROUNDNUT GERMPLASM
Amaravathi Y*, Poojitha, Jhansi Rani, Vasanthi RP, Bhaskar Reddy BV, Reddi
Kumar and Giridhara Krishna T
Institute of Frontier Technology, RARS, Tirupati-517502
*Correspondence: dryellaridreddy@gmail.com
S. rolfsii is a soil borne fungus with extensive host range of at least 500 species
belongs to 100 families. The most common hosts are the legumes, crucifers, and
cucurbits. S. rolfsii commonly occurs in the tropics, subtropics, and other warm
temperate regions. It is widely spread in tropics, subtropics, and other warm
temperate regions. It grows, survives, and attacks plants at or near the soil surface.
Before the pathogen penetrates host tissue it produces a considerable mass of
mycelium on the plant surface within a span of 2 to 10 days. Mycelium is sensitive to
low temperature and hibernates by producing sclerotial bodies. High moisture is
required for optimal growth of the fungus. Sclerotia fail to germinate when the
relative humidity is much below saturation. Mycelial growth and sclerotial
germination occur rapidly either in continuous light or in darkness. Sclerotium rolfsii
causes stem and pod rot disease in groundnut resulting in both yield loss and poor
quality produce. For screening ground nut germplasm lines in sick plots against
stem and pod rot fungus Sclerotium rolfsii, there is a need for mass multiplication.
This experiment aim at developing suitable method for mass multiplication of
sclerotium to apply to the soil and facilitates screening germplasm in sick plots (insitu) or sick pots (ex-situ). The PDA media prepared by adding 39 gm potato
dextrose agar per litre of water and autoclaved. The media reached around 40C, it is
poured in to petriplates and inoculated with sclerotial bodies with the help of
forceps and incubated at 252C. The pure culture of isolate of S. rolfsii raised in PDA
media was inoculated into the jowar seed meal in the conical flasks under aseptic
conditions in the laminar air flow and incubated at 27 + 3 0C. Three different
methods were employed to multiply the inoculum viz., 1. Jowar seeds soaked,
course grinded and soaked in 30% dextrose, 2. Jowar seeds soaked in 10% yeast
extract and incubated in conical flasksks after wet sterilization and 3. Jowar seeds
incubated in 10% yeast extract and incubated in autoclavable plastic bags. Method 1
and 2 resulted in uniform growth of the fungus and Growth of the fungus was slow
and most of the times observed rotten smell in method 3. Method 2 resulted in faster
multiplication (4 days early) of fungus and within 7days covered the seed meal in
the conical flask in comparison to method 1 which require 10 to 11 days and
therefore method 2 can be recommended for mass multiplication of S. rolfsii.

160

[SAPP-22]
EVALUATION OF CERTAIN TRADITIONAL PRODUCTS IN GROUNDNUT
PEST MANAGEMENT
Murali Krishna T, Devaki K, RamaKrishna Rao A, Suma K, Srividya PB, Pavana
Jyotsna and Areefa P
Institute of Frontier Technology, Regional Agricultural Research Station,
Tirupati-517502 A.P

Groundnut is an important oilseed crop grown in Andhra Pradesh with major area in
Anantapur, Chittoor, Kadapa, Kurnool, Nellore, Prakasam and Vizianagaram districts of
Andhra Pradesh. It is mainly grown in rainfed conditions under resource poor
conditions. Farmers of the area cannot afford for costly inputs in management of insect
pests. Hence a study on Evaluation of different traditional practices was done in rainfed
alfisols during 2008-2010 for three seasons at Regional Agricultural Research Station,
Tirupati. Traditional practices like panchagavya, cow-dung urine extract, green chilli garlic extract, neem seed kernel extract (NSKE) 5% along with untreated control were
evaluated against incidence of sucking pests like thrips, leafhoppers, defoliators such as
Spodoptera litura and groundnut leaf miner. Three years pooled data indicated that,
Neem seed kernel extract 5% was found to be effective in reducing thrips (9.20%) and
leaf hopper damage (5.06%). The damage in case of S.litura and GLM was low and there
was no statistical difference found among the treatments. In case of economics, highest
pod yield (2118 Kg/ha), added returns over control (Rs. 14815/ha) and B:C raio (3.3:1)
were recorded with NSKE 5% treatment. Other treatments like Panchagavya, green
chili- garlic extract and cow dung- urine extract were not as effective NSKE 5%. Many
constraints are involved in preparation of Panchagavya. Collection of by-products like
cow dung and urine from a single cow is a tedious process for preparation of
panchagavya and cow dung - urine extract. The present study revealed that, foliar
sprays of materials such as panchagavya, cow-dung urine extract and green chilli garlic extract are not as effective as neem seed kernel extract 5% in groundnut.

161

[SAPP-23]
DESIGNING OF AGRO TECHNIQUES FOR ENHANCING THE
PRODUCTIVITY OF EXPORT ORIENTED GROUNDNUT
Pratap B, Reddi Ramu Y, Sunitha N and Subramanyam D
Department of Agronomy, S.V.Agricultural college, Tirupati 517 502 (A.P.)

Field experiments were conducted during two consecutive rabi seasons of 2008 and
2009 on sandy clay loam soils of S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati, to develop
agro- techniques for enhancing the productivity and quality of export oriented
groundnut in Southern Agro climatic Zone of Andhra Pradesh. Bold kernelled
(export oriented) groundnut cv. Bheema (TG-49) was tried during the study. The
results revealed that Pooled mean pod yield of groundnut was the highest with the
planting pattern of 22.5 x 10 cm (P1), which were comparable with 30 x 10 cm (P2)
and they were the lowest with 37.5 x 10 cm (P3). During both the years of study the
highest mean pod yield was recorded with application of 50% N each through
fertilizer and poultry manure (N3), followed by 100% N through poultry manure
(N2), 100% N through fertilliser (N1), with significant disparity between any two of
them and all of them were at their lowest with 25% N through fertilizer and 75% N
through poultry manure (N4). The ed mean pod yield was found the highest with
two hand weedings at 20 DAS and 40 DAS of groundnut (W1), which were
significantly higher than with the other weed management practices tried. The next
best practice was pre-emergence application of pendimathalin @1.0 kg a.i ha-1
followed by one hand weeding at 40 DAS (W2), which was in parity with post
emergence application of Quzilofop --p-ethyl @54 g a.i ha-1 at 20 DAS followed by
one hand weeding at 40 DAS (W3) and all the above mentioned crop parameters
were found the lowest with pre-emergence application of pendimathalin @1.0 kg a.i
ha-1 followed by post emergence application of Quzilofop -p-ethyl @54 g a.i ha-1 at 40
DAS (W4) during both the years of study. In conclusion, the study has revealed that
bold kernelled (export oriented) groundnut could be successfully grown in the
southern agro-climatic zone of Andhra Pradesh, with a promising and viable
package of agro techniques, comprising of sowing groundnut with planting pattern
of 22.5 x10 cm, supply of 30kg N ha-1 @ 50 per cent each through fertiliser and
poultry manure along with hand weeding twice at 20 and 40 DAS, for obtaining
higher yield with better quality and remunerative monetary returns, without any
objectionable drain on the soil productivity status.

162

[SAPP-24]
A STUDY ON THE EFFICACY OF ULTRA LOW VOLUME HERBICIDES FOR
WEED CONTROL IN TRANSPLANTED FINGER MILLET
(ELEUSINE CORACANA (L.) GAERTN)
Bhargavi B, Sunitha N, Reddi Ramu Y, Nagavani AV and Sudhakar P
Department of Agronomy , IARI, Pusa, New Delhi
Finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) is the most important small millet in tropics
particularly in Africa and Asia, providing nutritious food security. Uncontrolled weed
growth during crop period has significantly reduced the grain yield ranging from 34 to
61 per cent. Under this perspective, relying on herbicides may be the best choice for
timely weed control. However, increased consciousness about the chemical pollution of
soil and water has widened the scope for exploring the advantage of ultra low volume
herbicides such as sulfonyl urea group, which are very effective against wide range of
weeds in short time even at as low as few grams per hectare. The present investigation
entitled Weed management in transplanted finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.)
Gaertn.) was undertaken at S.V. Agricultural College Farm, Tirupati during kharif, 2013
to evolve a profitable weed management strategy. Among the weed ten different weed
management practices tried, the lowest density and dry weight of grasses, sedges and
broad leaved weeds along with higher weed control efficiency were associated with
pre-emergence application of oxyflourfen @ 0.1 kg a.i ha-1 fb azimsulfuron @ 20 g a.i ha-1
applied at 20 DAT and it was closely followed by pre-emergence application of
oxyflourfen @ 0.1 kg a.i ha-1 fb hand weeding at 20 DAT. Post-emergence application of
azimsulfuron @ 20 g a.i ha-1 was effective in suppressing the density and dry weight of
sedges and broad leaved weeds compared to chlorimuron-ethyl @ 5 g a.i ha-1 at 20 DAT.
The highest stature of growth and yield components, yield and economic returns of
finger millet were recorded with pre-emergence application of oxyflourfen @ 0.1 kg a.i
ha-1 fb azimsulfuron @ 20 g a.i ha-1 applied at 20 DAT which was on par with preemergence application of oxyflourfen @ 0.1 kg a.i ha-1 fb hand weeding at 20 DAT.
However, the highest benefit: cost ratio was obtained with pre-emergence application of
oxyflourfen @ 0.1 kg a.i ha-1 fb azimsulfuron applied at 20 DAT.

163

[SAPP-25]
SCREENING OF CERTAIN GENOTYPES AGAINST THRIPS IN GROUNDNUT
Ramakrishna Rao A, Raja Reddy K1, Muralikrishna T, Sudhakar P, Devaki K and
GiridharaKrishna T
Institute of Frontier Technology
Regional Agricultural Research Station, Tirupati-517502, Andhra Pradesh
1Administrative

office, ANGRAU, Hyderabad

ABSTRACT

The field experiment was conducted with 69 groundnut genotypes in a randomized

block design during kharif, 2011 and kharif, 2012 with three dates of sowing at S. V.
Agricultural College Farm, Tirupati, A.P.. The studies revealed that IVK-I-2007-I-16, K1814, K-1789, K-9, K-1811, TCGS-1114, TCGS-1137, TCGS-1218, TCGS-1274, TCGS-1043,
ICGV-07045, ICGV-06039, ICGV-07045, ICGV-00351, ICGV-07234, ICGV-87846, ISK-I-2011-16
and ISK-I-2011-14 were the resistant genotypes for thrips during Kharif season. The
resistance to thrips in these genotypes might be due to high leaf and stem trichomes,
more leaf thickness and dark green foliage. Some of the genotypes had the characteristic
features of wavy margin leaves and downward folding of the leaves, which contribute
to the restriction of thrips movement. The resistance in these genotypes was also
conferred due to high phenol content. High phenol content was observed in ICGV-94358
and high sugar content in TCGS-1114. These genotypes could

be used as source of

resistance to thrips in groundnut. The studies also revealed that the use of cultivars with
resistance to thrips is one of the most promising alternative control.

164

[NEOP-1]

ROLE OF NANOPARTICLES TO IMPROVE ANTIMICROBIAL PACKING IN

FOOD INDUSTRY
Perapogu Sreevani1 and Perapogu Vinod Kumar2
1Lecturer

in Botany, HOD Biotechnology, Dr. V. S. Krishna Govt. UG & PG College (A),

Visakhapatnam-13

2Research

Associate, Rajiv Krishi Vignan Kendra, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Correspondence: srvani6@gmail.com

Today, food packaging and monitoring are a major focus of food industry-related
nanotechnogy. Packaging that incorporates nanomaterials can be smart, which means
that it can respond to environmental conditions or repair itself or alert a consumer to
contamination and/or the presence of pathogens. Now a days there is wide range of
nanoscale applications for food & beverage packaging. Transparent plastic film (called
Durethan) containing nanoparticles of clay, the nanoparticles are dispersed throughout
the plastic and are able to block oxygen, carbon dioxide and moisture from reaching
fresh meats or other foods. The nanoclay also makes the plastic lighter, stronger and
more heat-resistant. Kodak, best known for producing camera film, is using nanotech to
develop antimicrobial packaging for food products that will be commercially available
in 2005. Some of the companies developing other active packaging, which absorbs
oxygen, thereby keeping food fresh. Developing small sensors to detect food-borne
pathogens will not just extend the reach of industrial agriculture and large-scale food
processing. With present technologies, testing for microbial food-contamination takes
two to seven days and the sensors that have been developed to date are too big to be
transported easily. Research is going on towards developing biosensors that can detect
pathogens quickly and easily, reasoning that super sensors would play a crucial role
in the event of a terrorist attack on the food supply.

165

[NEOP-2]

STRATEGY FOR INTRODUCING NANOTECHNOLOGY IN TEXTILE

INDUSTRY OF INDIA
M. Shiresha, D. Anitha
Department of Apparel and Textiles, College of Home Science, ANGRAU,
Saifabad-500004
Correspondence: siri.manyam1819@gmail.com
Textile Industry is one of the oldest industries in India and considered as the backbone
of the countrys economy, even then, it is lagging behind in competition among the
global textile players and losing its position because of traditional conservative culture
of the industry Thus industrial and technological revolution is directly needed in the
industry to stay competitive in the international market. Textile industry in the global
world is adopting more promising technologies to achieve functional and high
performance characteristics which include specialized coating, plasma based products,
smart/technical technologies and nanotechnologies. Nanotechnology has applications
across most economic sectors and allows the development of new enabling science. The
ability to see materials down to nanoscale dimensions and to control how materials are
constructed at the nanoscale is providing the opportunity to develop new materials and
products in previously unimagined ways. Nanotechnology has a great potential to
generate modern/ innovative products that could strengthen the economy and create
new trade opportunities for the global textile industry, consequently, strengthening the
economy of a country and resolving the major communal problems of the society.. The
aim of this paper is to discuss the current status of Indian Textile Industry and possible
application of nanotechnology in textiles followed by a strategy for transferring
conventional Industry of India into a nano-based textile Industry.

166

[NEOP-3]

NANO SCALE MATERIALS IN SOIL AND WATER REMEDIATION

Naveen Kumar B
Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry,
Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, College of Agriculture,
Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, 500 030, Telangana
Correspondence: naveenb.agri999@gmail.com
Nanotechnology is the design, fabrication and utilization of materials, structures,
devices and systems through control of matter on the nanometer length scale and
exploitation of novel phenomena and properties (physical, chemical, biological) at that
length scale in at least one dimension. With the many hi-tech functions of
nanotechnology, environmental remediation would seemingly prove an unlikely place
to find many applications of nanotechnology. However, the

emergence of

nanotechnology presents a number of potential environmental benefits, both directly

and indirectly. A variety of nanomaterials are in various stages of research and
development, each possessing unique functionalities for treatment. Some nanoparticles
destroy contaminants, for instance, while others sequester them. The high surface area
and surface reactivity compared with granular forms enable the nanoparticles to
remediate more material at a higher rate and with a lower generation of hazardous
byproducts. Majority of field applications have utilized nano iron to remediate
chlorinated organic compounds, such as TCE. Unlike iron, aluminum and gold particles
are non-reactive or inert. Subsequently, they can only serve as base metals used in
conjunction with a catalyst coating. Despite the lack of reactivity, base metals have been
shown to increase the catalytic rates of the coating metal which enhances degradation.
Semiconductor photocatalysts act much in the same manner as traditional catalysts;
however, they obtain their energy from the absorption of light. A number of materials,
such as titanium dioxide (TiO2), zinc oxide (ZnO) and iron oxide (Fe2O3) act as
photocatalysts. Nanocrystalline Zeolites have the enhanced absorbency capacities of up
to 50% greater than those for micron-sized zeolites. Carbon-based Dendrimers are
hyper-branched polymers, effective in ultra-filtration of heavy metals.

167

[NEOP-4]

HEALTH IMPLICATIONS OF NANOTOXICITY

Galla Rajitha* and Chandi Priya S
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology
Sri Padmavathi Mahila VisvaVidyalayam, Tirupati-5170502, Andhra Pradesh
Correspondence: rajitha.galla@gmail.com

Nanotoxicology is emerging as an important subdiscipline of nanotechnology which

refers to the study of the interactions of nanostructures with biological systems for the
induction of toxic biological responses. The extensive application of nanomaterials in a
wide range of products for human use poses a potential for toxicity risk to human health
and the environment. Many of the nanoparticles may have toxic effects on cells.
Nanomaterials and nanodevices are being produced intentionally, unintentionally, and
manufactured or engineered by different methods and released into the environment
without any safety test. They can move freely as compared to the large-sized particles,
therefore, they can be more toxic than bulky materials. It has been previously reported
in pulmonary toxicity studies that lung exposures to nanoparticles (defined herein as
particle size < 100 nm in one dimension) produce enhanced adverse inflammatory
responses when compared to larger particles of similar composition. Surface properties
(particularly particle surface area) and free radical generation, resulting from the
interactions of particles with cells may play important roles in nanoparticle toxicity. In
vitro methods are commonly used for toxicity assessment of nanoparticles. Nanoparticle
risk assessment can be done with existing cytotoxicity methods, or with the
development of new test systems with new standards for a general in vitro toxicity
testing of nanoparticles.

168

[NEOP-5]

ETHICAL, LEGAL AND SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN

INDIA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO AGRINANOTECHNOLOGY
Viswanath Buddolla
Principal Investigator (SERB-DST), Department of Virology,
Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517 502. India.
Correspondence: buddolla@gmail.com

The word nano derives from Greek word nanos, meaning dwarf very small man
and the Nanotechnology is the next wonder after the internet and is referred to as the
third industrial revolution. Consciousness of nanotechnology has dramatically increased
in recent years among lawmakers, regulators, and environmental activists alike. The rise
of novel technologies continually forces us to ask whether our laws provide the proper
balance between protecting us from potentially harmful consequences of those
technologies, and allowing us to reap the benefits. The development of nanotechnology,
a molecular-precision manufacturing technology which is surprisingly close to
realization, will seriously challenge the capability of our regulatory system to respond
quickly and to continue the critical balance between dangers and benefits. Numerous
concerns have been raised by scientists, advocacy groups and the general public alike
that the specific properties of nanomaterials arising from their small size the same
properties associated with their tremendous potential and numerous possible
applications and benefits may lead to different interactions in humans at the cellular
level and with the environment. There is currently only limited knowledge available
regarding the potential health, safety, and environmental impacts of nanotechnology.
This presentation will explain the ethical, legal and social implications of
nanotechnology in India with special reference to agrinanotechnology.

169

[NEOP-6]

IMPACT OF NEW SEED BILL ON INDIAN AGRICULTURE

Madhan Mohan Reddy CH, Sreedhar M, Keshavulu K, Prasad TNVKV
Department of seed science & technology
College of agriculture, Rajendra nagar, PJTSAU, Hyderabad
The Seeds Bill seeks to regulate the production, distribution and sale of seeds. It requires
every seller of seeds (including farmers) to meet certain minimum standards. The Standing
Committee has recommended that farmers selling or exchanging seeds from other farmers
be exempt from this requirement. The Bill has been pending since December 2004. The
government has proposed new amendments to the Bill in April 2010 and November 2010,
accepting most of the recommendations given by the Standing Committee.Proponents of the
new Seeds Bill list a number of supposed deficiencies in the 1996 Seeds Act to be fixed,
including, To make the registration of varieties obligatory (previously voluntary), Creation
of a comprehensive National Register of Seeds, To regulate (make easier) the imports and
exports of seeds,New regulations on GM crops, To improve market conditions for private
seed companies. Compulsory registration of varieties, This is a significant change from the
existing law, which sought to regulate the quality of only a limited number of varieties
notified under the law. Now, however, any seed for sowing or planting cannot be sold
unless it is registered.Provision for compensation to the farmer in case of seed failure has
been made.The Bill proposes to emphasize the rights of the Farmers in conformity with the
Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers Rights Act, (PPV & FR Act) 2001.The farmer will
have the right to grow, sow, re-sow, save, use, exchange, share or sell his farm seeds and
planting materials except when he sells such seed or planting material under a brand name.
The Government will have the right to exclude certain kind or variety of seeds from
registration to protect public order or public morality or human, animal and plant health or
to avoid serious prejudice to the environment.Seed health has been added as an additional
standard for quality seed.GURT (Restriction technology including terminator technology)
has been prohibited. Any person intending to import seed or planting material will declare
that such material is, or is not, as the case may be a product of transgenic manipulation or
involves Genetic Use Restriction Technology.Provisions to regulate import and export of
seeds have been largely incorporated into the Seeds Bill. Enhancement of penalties is
proposed from Rs.500 / Rs.1000 with or without imprisonment in the Seeds Act 1966 to
Rs.25,000/ Rs.5,00,000 with or without imprisonment. The official government line, when
arguing in favour of this bill, is that "if we don't know who is selling the seeds, we cannot
control their quality". This, of course, is the same argument used by the seed industry
around the world. So this new law is being presented as a consumer protection act for
farmers.Other problems cited with the billincludeConsolidation of the private sector,
Introduction of GMOs, Centralising power and Prices. A public opinion has emerged on the
fact that Seed Bill provisions are contradictory to the PPV & FR legislations and that the Seed
Bill has been drafted to suppress the merits of PPV & FR Act, 2001.So far climate has been
considered as the most unpredictable variable affecting the agricultural sector. But, the
influence of global market forces, whose behaviour is always not amenable to prediction and
control, has become another factor affecting the progress and well-being of farmers" says
Justice P.A.Chowdary.

170

[NEOP-7]

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN FOOD AND AGRICULTURE IN OECD COUNTRIES

Naga Jyothi M* , Aparna B**, Shiney Israel K***
* Department of Soil & Water Engineering, CAE, Bapatla
** Department of Agricultural Economics, S.V Agricutural college, Tirupati
*** Department of MABM, S.V Agricutural college, Tirupati

Agriculture is the backbone of most developing countries, with more than 60% of the
population reliant on it for their livelihood. For developing countries the drive is to
develop drought and pest resistant crops, which also maximize yield. Nanotechnology
can improve our understanding of the biology of different crops and thus potentially
enhance yields or nutritional values. In recent years, there has been an increased interest
in the potential use of nanotechnology applications in agriculture and food sector.
Nanotechnology-enabled products can be broadly defined as products derived or issued
from materials at scales measuring less than 100 nm in at least one dimension.
Nanotechnology research and development have mostly focused on improving and
better delivering input use, from water to nutrients, nano-pesticides, and nanoherbicides and Interesting applications include the use of nanoporous zeolites to slow
the release and increased efficiency of fertilizers, nanosensors to measure soil quality,
and smart delivery mechanisms for herbicides. The application of nanotechnology to the
agricultural and food industries was first addressed by a United States Department of
Agriculture roadmap published in September 2003. In agriculture and food, a wide
range of nanotechnology applications are being developed and commercialized with
different goals, ranging from improved food safety to reduced agricultural inputs,
enhanced packaging and improved processing and nutrition, and the potential to
promote sustainable agriculture to deliver better foods. More specifically a diversity of
agrifood products have been commercialized under research and development in OECD
countries. The present paper analyzes the growth of nanotechnology in the agriculture
and food sector in OECD countries. The paper shows that there has been research and
development effort in this area in OECD countries and that a number of commercialized
agri-food nano enabled products are available in these countries. As seen at the global
level, most commercially available nano products are related to food packaging and
food additives. Three main policy challenges are identified related to funding and
investment, risk governance, and public acceptance. Each of these interconnected
challenges underlines a number of ethical questions assuming the objective of safety
regulations to manage the risk of nano-enabled products. The success or failure of
communication efforts could also spread rapidly to non-OECD countries and impact the
future use of nanotechnology in food and agriculture.

171

[NEOP-8]

NANOTECHNOLOGY- BOON OR A BANE: A NANOTOXICITY PERSPECTIVE

Noor Nawaz1 AS, Basavesh KN1, Poornima R2 and Chaya S Patil1
1Department

of Agricultural Microbiology, 2Department of Crop Physiology

University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad-580 005.

Correpondence : poornimarjoshi@gmail.com
Our knowledge about Nanoparticles though evolving fast, is only in its infancy.
Albeit, nanotechnology and its applications are encountered in every next industrial
processes as it has its use at present day situation. Be it biomedical, prosthetics,
household appliances, clothes etc, the exploitation of inorganic nanoparticles play a
major role. But unfortunately studies pertaining to their hazardous implications are
meager. Hitherto the evaluation of technology has received very less attention. Hence
the present analysis is intended to uphold the unprecedented impacts of
nanotechnology and nanoparticles that have on environmental and human health. The
use of inorganic nanoparticles such as ZnO, quantum dots, gold and iron oxides are
known to cause cellular cytotoxicity. Today science strongly urges that the technology
should be evaluated for its pros and cons which is alarming. The main focus on
nanotoxicity especially of cellular toxicity of nanoparticles is of important area as far as
safety is a future concern. Recent bioassays of nanotechnology itself attested as an issue
in cytotoxicity. A great number of nanoparticles and engineered nanoparticles are
widely studied which enter into the food chain posing the treat of biomagnification. On
the whole, the synergy among the researchers, technologist is essential to resolve
nanotoxicity through careful assessment. These issues to be dealt harmonically which
would otherwise implications of nanotechnology are elusive. After careful investigation
these nanomaterials must be allowed for further application in safe and controlled
manner for the benefit of mankind to be called this as boon.

172

[NEOP-9]

NANOPOLLUTION AND ITS EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENT

Sailaja K, Chiranjeevi N, Khayum ahammed S, Anil kumar P,

Sarada Jayalakshmi Devi R
Department of Plant pathology, S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati

Nanopollution is the introduction of nanosized contaminants in to the natural environment. Nano

Engineered nanoparticles are produced by Humans & are specifically designed for a specific
function (e.g. packaging coating, protection of radiation in sunscreens). When they are inhaled
nanomaterials have the potential to pass directly to the brain, and from the lungs into the blood
stream. Ingested nanomaterials pass from the gut into the blood stream. Nanoparticles cause
pulmonary injury, hepatotoxicity, immunotoxicity, neurotoxicity, renal toxicity. Recently, severe
pulmonary fibrosis also noticed. The female population is particularly vulnerable and deserves
special attention because toxicity in this group may impact both female and fetal development.
Silver nanoparticles (though they are not toxic to humans), dissolve in water and release silver
ions (which are antibacterial). If silver nanoparticles are released into the environment, these
types of concentrated silver ion releases could devastate local bacterial populations, with drastic
consequences for the affected ecosystems. Many metal and metal oxide nanomaterials are
excellent catalysts. If these catalytic nanomaterials are released into the environment, they can
enable chemical reactions that generate toxic chemicals, such as free radicals or reactive oxygen
species (ROSs). One of these nanomaterials is titanium dioxide (TiO2), which is an excellent
photocatalyst. These reactive oxygen species are known to be harmful to many aquatic
organisms, including plankton and small fish. Nanopollution affects crop growth also. Nanocerium accumulated around the soybeans roots and stunted plant growth and the nodules arent
functional because of the cerium oxide. Nano-zinc allowed crops to absorb much more zinc than
plants grown in regular soil. They are taken by bacteria .Basic precautionary measures for
nanomaterials usage are choosing the right nanoscale materials is one of the key parameters for
the future direction of nanotechnology. Prohibit the untested or unsafe use of nanomaterials.
Conduct full life-cycle impact assessments as a prerequisite to commercialization. Assess
nanomaterials as new substances, since unique physical properties impart unique hazard profiles
.Facilitate full and meaningful participation by public and workers in nanotechnologies
development and control, assess the social and ethical impacts of nanotechnologies. Engineering
ethics need to be defined before the commercial use of nanotechnology. Risk assessment on new
nanomaterial based application is important to evaluate potential risk to our environment when
the products are in use. We have to act on early warnings to protect communities and workers.

173

[NEOP-10]

NANOTECHNOLOGY IN WATER PURIFICATION

Chaitra SP and Vakada Manasa
University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka-580005.
Corresponding author e-mail: chaitrasp.sp@gmail.com

Water is the most essential substance for all life on earth and precious resource for
human civilization. Reliable access to clean and affordable water is considered one
of the most basic humanitarian goals. Rapid industrialization and urbanization
leads to contamination of water. Advances in nano scale science and engineering are
providing unprecedented opportunities to develop more cost eective and
environmentally acceptable water purication processes. Nanomterials are well
suited for water purification, disinfection and wastewater treatment due to their
large specific surface area, high reactivity, high degree of functionalization, size
dependent properties, affinity for specific target contaminants. Membranes and
filters synthesized using nanomaterials have selective permeability, good flux rates,
increased durability, reliability in purification and reusability and thus are energy
saving and cost effective. Nanotech based technologies applied in water treatment
consists of reverse osmosis, nano filtration, ultrafiltration membranes. Which
involves nano scale filtration techniques adsorption of contaminants on nano scale
materials

and

degradation

of

contaminants

by

nanoparticle

catalysts.

Nanotechnology is expected to deal more efficiently with contaminants which

conventional water treatments systems struggle to treat, including bacteria, viruses
and heavy metals

174

[NEOP-11]

ECOTOXICITY OF ENGINEERED NANOSCALE MATERIALS AN

AGRICULTURAL PERSPECTIVE
Murali G, Nagamadhuri KV, Reddy PVRM, Giridhara Krishna T and Prasad
TNVKV*
Nanotechnology laboratory, Institute of Frontier Technology, Regional Agricultural
Research Station, Acharya N G Ranga Agricultural University,
Tirupati 517 502, A.P.
*Correpondence: tnvkvprasad@gmail.com
Nanotechnology the technology of this millennium - a set of technologies which deals
with the materials at their lowest ultimate scale has gained much interest among the
scientific community in the recent past than anything before. Novel properties were
exhibited by the material when the size in at least one dimension falls between 1-99nm
with quantum confinement and with varied sizes and shapes. Synthetic route is one of
the determining factors of venue of application of any material. Interestingly, toxicity of
the engineered nanoparticles is of the major concern which limits their applications in
several sectors including agriculture. Several reports in the literature evidenced the
toxicity of engineered nanoparticles (ZnO, TiO2, Ag, MgO, Carbon nanotubes etc.,) in
the plant system even at lower applied doses (10ppm). One of the reasons for toxicity of
the engineered nanoparticles could be their toxic chemical coatings on their surface
coupled with the higher retention time in the biological system. Therefore, there is a
need of developing purposeful synthetic protocols for varied applications in biological
systems like plants. At present a number of avenues in agriculture require technological
refinement for enhancing productivity and quality. Nanotechnologies are one of the best
left out option to find some potential applications to solve critical issues in global food
security and agricultural sustainability.

175

[NEPP-1]

ENCAPSULATED PLANT EXTRACTS FOR ANTIBACTERIAL FINISH ON

CELLULOSIC TEXTILES
Pushpalatha K, Anitha D and Sharada Devi A
Department of Apparel and Textiles, College of Home Science, ANGRAU,
Saifabad-500004

Increasing global competition in textiles has created many challenges for textile
researchers. Novel finishes of high added value for apparel fabrics are also greatly
appreciated by the most demanding consumer market. An attempt was made in the
present study to finish cotton textiles with microcapsules from plant sources with
combination of gum sources to impart the antimicrobial finish. Microcapsules were
prepared with plant sources as a core material and gum sources as wall material at two
different concentrations. These microcapsules were scanned under Scanning Electron
Microscope (SEM) at 1600 to 8500 magnification. The size obtained was between 1.24m
to 2.29 m. Increase in gum per cent resulted in increased in size of microcapsule. Finish
was applied to woven and knitted textiles using pad-dry-cure method with curing at 35
to 40C. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by a modified qualitative test method
AATCC-147, 2004 for the growth inhibition and AATCC-30, 2004, for anti-fungal activity
against both Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E.coli). Antibacterial
activity was found to be zero in both untreated woven and knitted fabrics. Among the
treated fabrics, periwinkle with all gum sources showed higher Zoi against E. coli over S.
aureus in both woven and knitted fabrics. Fabrics finished with microcapsules with 5 per
cent gum as wall material had high Zoi than their counter parts. Treated knitted samples
performed better than woven samples for all sources (Cassia ariculata, Punica granatum,
Catharanthus roseus with combination of Guar gum, Gum acacia and Bhagavati gum).

176

[NEPP-2]

NANOTECHNOLOGY: PARADIGM SHIFT IN PERSPECTIVE OF NEW

PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT IMPACTING FOOD VALUE CHAIN
Ambedkar YR and Sarvesh Kumar
1Deptartment

of Livestock Production Technology, Govt.Veterinary Polytechnic College,

S.V. University, Garividu, Vizayanagaram

2Department

of Marketing & Supply Chain Management, School of Business &

Management Studies, Central University Of Himachal Pradesh, District: Kangra,

Himachal Pradesh
Correspondence: rram17844@gmail.com

Food is the primary need of human being which is the outcome of different agricultural
activities. An opportune time as agriculture is facing several challenges driven by
climate change, degradation and depletion of land and water resources, use of food for
fuel, and ever-increasing human population. Nanotechnology as new technology for
existing problem is being seen as future hope; during this challenging period, it is
important for us to engage all stakeholders in constant dialogue in order to make the
offering of Bio-Nanotechnology commercially viable.

Amalgamation of this

Nanotechnologys product as offering to the market needs process innovation and

product innovation. These changes present both opportunities and challenges to
industries like food processing, pharmaceuticals, agro-industries, etc. The potential of
new technology certainly reconfigure the processes involved in product development,
reconfiguring the entire supply chain impacting food value chain. Nanotechnology
based products and the firms making these products should be considered as a sun
rising industry having huge untapped potential thus envisaging a tremendous growth
potential. The Nanotechnology based industry in India can play a decisive role in
augmenting the value addition in the agri-food supply chain.

177

[NEPP-3]

KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE KJ194599 NANOPARTICLES AS A NEW

NANOBIOSORBENT FOR REMOVAL OF PB (II) FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION
Patricia Raj Kumari J1, M Nagalakshmi Devamma*
Dept. of Virology1, Dept. of Botany*
S.V. U College of Sciences, S. V. University, Tirupati.
Correspondence: devi.bot@gmail.com

Klebsiella pneumoniae resisted growth in higher concentration of heavy metal cation lead
invitro, isolated from soils of Barite mines chosen to be applied as a nanosorbent for lead
metal cations removal with pursued metal adsorption studies before and after
adsorption to the nanosorbent, standardized the parameters ph, contact time, adsorbent
dose optimal for adsorption instrumented with ICP-OES, Nanoparticle characterized
with AFM, EDAX, FTIR as well.

178

[NEPP-4]

CLIMATE CHANGE AND BREEDING APPROACHES IN CROPS FOR

CHANGING CLIMATE
Kavitha G1, Manjubharghavi M2, Thanusha R3
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, S.V. Agricultural College , Tirupati
Authors email id : kavitha6409@gmail.com

Climate change refers to the change in the long term weather pattern mainly due to the
increased levels of carbondioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases (GHGs). The
current climate change scenarios demand adaptation to temperature increases, changing
amounts of available water, climatic instability and increased frequency of extreme
weather events, and rises in sea level and saline intrusion in the coastal zones. In
response, the scientists are working on gene discovery and improving plant tolerance
for heat, drought, and submergence. This work should be expanded to consider the
basic energy and water efficiency of plants improving their photosynthetic capacity and
reducing evapotranspiration. Vanaja et al. (2010) studied response of seed yield and its
components of redgram (Cajanus cajan L ) to elevated CO2 and found improvement of
total biomass by 91.3%, grain yield by 150.1% and fodder yield by 61.7% under elevated
CO2. Drought tolerant groundnut varieties were developed in groundnut by pedigree
method.(Upadhaya et al. 2005). Heat tolerant rice varieties were developed in rice by
wide hybridization.(Jagadish et al 2005). Singh et al. (2013) have reported that salinity
tolerance, drought tolerance, submergence tolerance varieties in rice (Oryza sativa L)
were developed through molecular assisted breeding. Vu et al ( 2012) developed salinity
tolerance in rice ( Oryza sativa L ) by marker assisted backcrossing (MABC). Shewan et al
(2004) proposed a novel nitrous oxide mitigation strategy by expressing nitrous oxide
reductase from Pseudomonas stutzeri in transgenic tobacco plants. Virus resistant musk
melons were developed by recombinant DNA technology (Sultana et al 2014). Integrated
biotechnological approach has developed water efficient and drought tolerant maize in
Africa. Strategies to overcome climate change includes policies to facilitate land use and
timing of farming operations, adopting improved climate resilient varieties and crop
management, forecasting and managing pests and diseases, improved water and
nutrient management. Reorienting the plant breeding programme and use of advances
in genomic genomic technologies and bioinformatics offer good opportunity to meet
challenges of climate change.

179

[NVOP-1]

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF WOUND HEALING ACTIVITY OF

CITRATE AND CINNAMOMUM VERA EXTRACT MEDIATED NANOSILVER
IN RATS
Sreevani P1, Adilaxmamma K2, Alpha Raj M2, Eswara Prasad P3, Prasad TNVKV4
1Dept.

of Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science,

Tirupati

2Dept.

of Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science,

Proddatur

3Dept.

of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati

4NanotechnologyCenter,

Institute of Frontier Technology, RARS, Tirupati

Cinnamomumveraextract (CVE) mediated nanosilver (CVNS) and citrate mediated

nanosilver (CNS) were comparatively evaluated for their wound healing activity in
excision, incision, and dead space wound models in rats against CVEt and povidone
iodine treatments. Green synthesis with CVEyielded nanosilver particles of 1 to 100 nm
in diameter. CVNS showed a minimum inhibitory concentration of 7.09g/mL against
Staphylococcus aureus. CVNS, CNS, CVE and povidone iodine treatments were evaluated
in eachexcision, incision and dead space wound models. CVNS showed significantly
(P<0.05) higher percentage of wound contraction (97.9%) and shortest period of
epithelialization (19.8 days) with complete re-growth of hair in excision model.
Histopathologically, mild cellular infiltration with angiogenesis, fibroblast proliferation
and thick collagen deposition were also observed. Both CVE and CVNS significantly
(P<0.05) increased wound breaking strength in incision model. In dead space model, the
granulation tissue in CVNS treatment had significantly (P<0.05) increased content of
hydroxyproline, hexosamine, protein and vitamin C. Further, catalase activity increased
with a reduction in lipid peroxide content. In conclusion, CVNS exhibited rapid wound
healing and stabilization compared to povidone iodine and CNS treatments suggesting
its application in therapeutic management of wounds.

180

[NVOP-2]

EFFECT OF NANO ZINC FEEDING IN ANIMAL PERFORMANCES

Partha Sarathi S1, George Dominic2, Bhakthavatsalam KVS3
1, 2

Dairy Cattle Nutrition Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal,

Haryana-132001

3Dairy

Economics Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana-132001

Correspondence: sampu.apr13@gmail.com

When the particle size of Zinc (Zn) is in the range of 1- 100 nm called as nano Zn (nZn).
Nano ZnO (nZnO) has been reported to enhance growth performance, improve the feed
utility and provides good economical profit weanling piglets (@500 mg/kg) and
promotes the production performance and dressing performance of broilers (@40
mg/kg). In subclinical mastitis cows, nZn reduced somatic cell count and improved
milk production than other larger ZnO sources. nZn, as feed supplement, in dairy
animal can increase the milk production as well as supress sub-clinical mastitis by
strengthening the immunity. Supplementation of nZnO is been reported to improve the
growth of ruminal microorganisms, increase the ruminal microbial protein synthesis
and raise the energy utilization efficiency in early phase of incubation in vitro. nZn can
be used in the semen extender to improve the quality of the semen. nZnO is having
bactericidal effects on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and also effective
against high temperature and high pressure resistant spores. Antimicrobial formulations
comprising nZnO can be used as an effective bactericidal agent in animal practices
without the fear of antibiotic resistance and residues. Along with this nano Form of Zn is
highly bioavailable, so these can be used at lower doses and can provide better result
than the conventional Zn sources thus indirectly prevents environmental contamination.

181

[NVOP-3]

USE OF NANO MINERALS IN DAIRY INDUSTRY

Srinivasa Rao D
ILFC, College of Veterinary Sciences,
Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, TIRUPATI- 517 502. A.P.
Correspondence: sri17560@rediffmail.com

Minerals play a vital role in improving milk production and increasing profits for dairy
farmers. The bioavailability of minerals in a particular source is determined relative to
its functional availability from a standard source. Several technologies were adopted to
increase the bioavailability of the minerals; nano mineral is one among them. The
information about the effect of utilization of nano minerals in dairy industry is scanty.
Nano minerals improve bioavailability due to increase in the surface area. In ruminants
nano-Se supplementation in basal diet improved rumen fermentation and feed
utilization by stimulating the rumen microbial activity, digestive microorganisms or
enzyme activity. Supplementation of nano zinc drastically reduced somatic cell count in
subclinical mastitis cow with increased milk production. The scope of application of
nano minerals for tracking the animals in estrus, to study the causes of abortion, to
prevent retained placenta and other reproductive problems after calving and for
improving infertility problems are to be explored. Nano minerals could be useful
feeding strategies for enhanced milk production, reproduction and profits in dairy
farming. However, use of nano minerals in dairy farming is immense, the safety aspects
of application to be addressed before being utilized in dairy rations.

182

[NVOP-4]

COMBATING BACTERIAL RESISTANCE - pGlo PLASMID TRANSFORMED

ESCHERICHIA COLI HB 101 K-12 A NOVEL MODEL FOR SCREENING
AGAINST -LACTAMASE RESISTANCE
Alpha Raj Ml, Muralidhar Y1, Sravanthi Mannem2, Shoba T3, Sirisha P4, TNVKV
Prasad5, Adilaxmamma Kl, Anand Kumar P6
1Dept,

of Veterinary Pharmacologv and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science,

Proddatur, A.P., India.

Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur,

India.

Food Science, London Metropolitan University London, UK, United Kingdom, MSc
scholar, food science, london metropolitan university london, UK.
4Division

of Pathologv, Veterinary Biological Research Institute, Hyderabad, India

5Nanotechnology

Laboratory, Institute of frontier technology, Regional Agricultural

Research Station, Tirupati

6Department

of Veterinary Microbiologv, College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur,

India.
Correspondence: sravanthi.mannem@gmail.com

We Present pGLO plasmid transformed Escherichia Coli 1-1B 101 k12 as novel model for
screening antimicrobial agents against Beta-lactamase resistance. The transformation
was effective through heat shock. The genes coding for beta lactamase (-bla) and glow
fluorescent protein (GFP) were expressed by growing on luria bertani (LB) agar
containing ampicillin (amp) and arabinose (ara). Successful transformation and
induction of antibiotic resistance against beta-lactam antibiotics was confirmed by
observing growth in the presence of UV light. A transformation efficacy of 100 cells per
microgram of pGLO plasmid was achieved. Both untransformed and transformed were
used for screening citrate mediated nanosilver (CNS), Aloin mediated nano silver
(ANS), I I alpha keto beta Boswellic acid (AKBA) mediated nano silver (BNS), nano Zinc
Oxide (NZO), nano manganese oxide (NMO) and phytochemicals such as aloin and
AKBA. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for aloin, AKBA, NMO and NZO was
performed by micro plate method using para iodo nitro tetrazolium (INT) as indicator.
All compounds used in the study were effective against transformed bacteria except
MNM and AKBA. Transformed exhibited reverse cross resistance being more
susceptible for aloin than untransformed bacteria. ANS showed highest antibacterial
activity with a MIC of 0.32 ppm followed by BNS (10.34 ppm), CNS (20.64 ppm) and
NZO (34.83 ppm). In conclusion, pGLO plasmid can be used to induce resistance against
beta lactam antibiotics and the model can be used for rapid screening for new
antibacterial agents effective against resistant bacteria.

183

[NVOP-5]

DOPING OF EDIBLE COATINGS WITH NANOMATERIALS AND THEIR

EFFECT ON QUALITY AND SAFETY OF MEAT- A REVIEW
Bhagath YB*1 and Manjula K2
1&2Food

Technology division, Department of Home Science, College of Sciences, Sri

Venkateswara University, Tirupati-517502, Andhra Pradesh, India.
*Author

for correspondence: Email: bhagathfoodtech@gmail.com

Nanotechnology in food sector is a frontier approach in this decade; especially in the

case of food the research is limited due to the consumer safety and regulations. Present
the research in food nanotechnology has been speed up and significant changes in world
trade scenario was observed in nanotechnologically processed foods. Edible coatings are
a polymeric compounds used for the formation of coat/film which have direct contact
with the foods. These edible films/coatings can be doped with nanomaterials for their
effective action against microorganisms to keep the foods safe for a long time. Silver
nanoparticles, silver zeolite (Approved by FDA for food use), chitosan nanoparticles,
starch nanoparticles, clay nanoparticles and cellulose based nanofibres are good
example in this way, because with its broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity and
potential barrier properties. Several researchers have been tried to utilise these
nanoparticles in edible coating systems. In the way of constructing a unique edible
coatings, researchers have been attained several problems in the dyanamics/kinetics of
nanoparticles, correlation and structural arrangement between the nanoparticles and
coat forming agents. Four types of nanoparticles, that is an unmodified montmorillonite,
an organically modified montmorillonite, a nano-silver, and a silver-zeolite to chitosan
based nanocomposite films showed good mechanical and barrier properties. In the case
of meats/flesh foods, fabrication of nanocomposite edible coatings/films is in base level
because meats are highly perishable, penetration and release of nanoparticles into the
meat substrate is not yet well understood. In the same manner, more research findings
on structural, functional and chemical properties of nanomaterials and meats together
must be discovered to develop potential nanocomposite edible coatings. Nanoparticles
have unique, different physical and mechanical properties. Silver nanoparticles has
broad spectrum of anti-microbial activity against various strains of bacteria, fungi and
some viruses also. With this applications several researchers has been tried to utilise
these nanoparticles in edible coating systems. In the way of constructing a different
edible coatings researchers have been attained several problems in the dyanamics and
kinetics of nanoparticles as the same time correlation between the nanoparticles and coat
forming edible polymers. Present a limited number of researchers have been tried to
fabricate edible coating solution with nanoparticles for the preservation meats. Research
in applications of nanoparticles and fibres in construction of edible coating/films is
limited in the case of meats because of several obstacles and health hazards associated
with nanomaterials and meat physicochemical properties are not well suited to the these
type of coatings.

184

[NVOP-6]
EVALUATION OF AMELIORATING EFFECT OF PHYTOGENIC NANOSILVER IN
AFLATOXICOSIS IN BROILERS
Ravi Babu, G1., Srilatha, Ch2., Sujatha, K2., Srinivasuslu, D3., Adilaxmamma, K4., Prasad,
TNVKV5*., Alpha Raj, M4.
1

Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Veterinary Polyclinic Complex, Kurnool 518

002 (AP) INDIA.

Department of Veterinary Pathology, 3 Department of Veterinary Microbiology College

of Veterinary Science, Tirupati 517 502 (AP) INDIA

Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur

516 360 (AP) INDIA
5

Nanotechnology Research Center, Institute of Frontier Technology, Regional

Agricultural Research Station, Tirupati 517 502 (AP) INDIA
Correspondence: ravibabuaddl@gmail.com

This study was aimed at evaluating the ameliorating effect of phytogenicnanosilver in

aflatoxicosis in broilers. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles was carried out by maize
(Zeamays) leaf extract. The nanoparticles were 40-50nm in diameter with a purity of
83.3%.120 Male broiler chicks were randomly divided into six groups. Group I served as
control and groups II, V and VI were fed aflatoxin (AFB1) @ 2 ppm in diet. In addition,
groups V and VI were supplemented with nanosilver @ 25 and 50 ppm respectively
through water. Groups III and IV served as controls for nanosilver@ 25 and 50 ppm
respectively. Feeding of aflatoxin in group II resulted in decreased body weight, feed
consumption, and higher FCR. The PCV, Hb, were reduced with an increase in
heterophil, eosinophil counts and decreased lymphocyte counts. Total protein and
albumin was also reduced and AST was increased. Significant increase in TBARS and
decrease in GSH was found in liver. Significant gross and histopathological lesions were
observed in group II. Maximum AFB1 content was found in group II (8.62 1.05) with a
significant (P<0.05) decreasein groups V (3.26 1.05) and VI (3.41 0.50). Treatment
with nanosilver in groups V and VI could significantly reverse the damage of AFB1.
However, nanosilver controls III and IV also revealed damage in several organs.

185

[NVOP-7]

INTRAVENOUS ADMINISTRATION ALONE RESULTS IN

BIOAVAILABILITY OF NANOSILVER: A PHARMACOKINETIC STUDY IN
MURRAH BUFFALOES
Siva Manohar Rao V1, Adilaxmamma K2, Alpha Raj M2, Eswara Prasad P3, Prasad
TNVKV4, Dilip Reddy G2
1Department
2Dept,

of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati,

of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur, India

3Department

of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati,

India4Nanotechnology Centre, Institute of Frontier Technology, RARS, Tirupati, India,

Pharmacokinetic evaluation of citrate mediated nanosilver (CNS) was carried out in
eight male murrah calves, which were randomly divided into two groups. Silver nano
particles synthesized were 77.97 nm in size, irregular and spherical in shape with
uniform distribution. Invitro safety evaluation was performed using MTT assay in
mouse spleenocytesbefore the study. CNS was administered at 7.3 micro gram/Kg
through intra-venous (i.v) route in Group 1 and through intra-muscular (i.m) route in
Group 2. Whole blood samples were collected at time intervals of 0, 0.067, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8,
12, 16, 24 and 36 h. The samples were subjected to acid digestion in microwave sample
digester for quantification of nanosilver and other metals like calcium, manganese,
sodium and potassium by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy.
In i.v route, the whole blood nanosilver concentrations could not be fit into any
compartmental model. Hence, non-compartmental analysis was used to determine
various pharmacokinetic parameters. In i.m route, pharmacokinetic analysis could not
be performed as there was no systemic absorption. Nanosilver exhibited significant
interactions with calcium (p<0.01) and manganese (p<0.01). Since nanosilver exhibited
unpredictable pharmacokinetics, erratic redistribution, long resident time, slow
elimination rates and considerable interactions with other metals, it is conluded that
CNS is not suitable for systemic administration either through i.v or i.m route.

186

[NVOP-8]

PROSPECTS OF ANIMAL & VETERINARY NANO TECHNOLOGY IN INDIA:

AN OVERVIEW
Hina Ashraf Waiz1, Sunita Pareek2 and Barkha Gupta2
1Department
2Department

of Livestock Production Management

of Physiology and Biochemistry

College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Udaipur, Rajasthan

Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Science
Correspondence:drhinavet@gmail.com

In the last decade nanotechnology emerged as technology that is promising.It has

potential to revolutionize agriculture and livestock sector. It can provide a new tools of
molecular and cellular biology, biotechnology, veterinary, physiology, reproduction and
genetics etc., that will allow researchers to handle DNA, proteins or cells in minute
quantities usually nanoliters or picolitres. Nanotechnology has potential to solve many
problems related to animal health, production, reproduction, prevention and treatment
of diseases. This paper explores the developments of nanotechnology research that will
revolutionize animal health and help to boost up livestock production.

187

[NVOP-9]

NANOTECHNOLGY: NOVEL THERAPEUTIC TOOL TO COMBAT

MULTIDRUG RESISTANT BACTERIAL PATHOGENS
Uday Sankar Allam
Department of Biotechnology, Vikrama Simhapuri University, Nellore-524003, Andhra
Pradesh, India
Correspondence: usallam@gmail.com
Infections have been the major cause of disease throughout the history of human
population. Infectious diseases still remain the second leading cause of death
worldwide. With the introduction of antibiotics, it was thought that this problem should
vanish. However, the overuse and misuse of antibiotics/drugs led to the evolution of
multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens. Nowadays, about 70 percent of the
bacteria that cause infections in hospitals are resistant to at least one of the drugs most
commonly used for treatment. The situation in India is particularly worrisome, given the
indiscriminate use of antibiotics, and inconsistent standards of medical care. Two recent
studies (U. P. Rathnaker et al. J. Clin. Diagn.Res. 6, 951954, 2012, and A. Kotwani et al. J.
Clin. Pharm. Ther. 37, 308312; 2012) have highlighted the magnitude of this problem.
Nanotechnology in the recent years has been a highly promising field of research and
hence has occupied centre stage in the modern era of scientific research. Recent
advances in nanotechnology enabled to engineer nanoparticles with desired
physicochemical properties, which have been shown as a new line of defense against
many MDR bacterial pathogens, such as Klebsiella pneumoniae Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
Acinetobacter baumanii, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus
aureus and others. This brief report focuses on the recent developments in the
applications of the nanoparticles to fight against the MDR bacterial pathogens.

188

[NVOP-10]

FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF LANSOPRAZOLE LOADED

NANOSPONGES
Priyanka KS, Sai Lakshmi BNS, Nagaraju R
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology,
Sri Padmavathi Mahila Visvavidyalayam, Tirupati. 517502
Correspondence: psv2395@gmail.com
The present study involves the preparation and evaluation of lansoprazole loaded
nanospoges by Emulsion solvent diffusion method using ethylcellulose and pluronic F68 as polymers, Poly vinyl alcohol as a surfactant, dichloromethane as a solvent.
Lansoprazole is proton pump inhibitor drug with short half-life 1.5 hrs and extentively
degraded in acidic pH conditions.The prepared nanosponges (six formulations
NSI,NSII,NSIII,NSIV,NSA,NSB) were evaluated for percentage yield, incorporation
efficiency, particle size, porosity, drug polymer compatibility (IR study, DSC study),
scanning electron microscopy and in-vitro drug release. The % yield and % entrapment
efficiency was found to be best for NS II formulation as 59.56% and 95.78% respectively.
Scanning Electron Microscopic studies confirmed their porous structure with number of
nanochannels. The FTIR spectra showed stable character of Lansoprazole in mixture of
polymers and revealed the absence of drug polymer interactions. The drug release was
also found to be extended upto 10 hrs.These best formulated nanosponges were
incorporated in to enteric coated tablet dosage using cellulose acetate phthalate as
enteric polymer. Further these were evaluated for weight variation, thickness, hardness,
friability and dissolution studies.As per the IP limits the results were found to be
satisfactory. The drug release profiles of prepared enteric coated lansoprazole loaded
nanosponge tablet are compared with the marketed product which is a capsule filled
with enteric coated pellets. The disimilarity factor (f1) and similarity factor(f2) was
found to be 85 and 14 respectively and which clearly indicate that they are not similar
and proven to be better than the marketed formulation .The data obtained in this study
suggests that nanosponges of Lansoprazole are promising for sustained drug delivery,
which can reduce dosing frequency.

189

[NVOP-11]

PHYTOCHEMICALLY SYNTHESIZED NANO SILVER PARTICLES USING

BOSWELLIC ACID HAS POTENTIATED ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY IN
STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS INDUCED MURINE MASTITIS
Muralidhar Yegireddy1, M Alpha Raj1, TNVKV Prasad2, K Adilaxmamma1, G
Srinivasarao3, Ch Srilatha4
1Dept,

of vet.pharmacology and toxicology, college of veterinary science, proddatur,

India. 2Department of Nano biotechnology, Regional Agricultural Research Station,

Tirupati, India 3Dept, of veterinary pharmacology and toxicology, NTR college of
veterinary science,Gannavaram, India,4Department of veterinary pathology, College
of veterinary science, Tirupati, India
murali4357@gmail.com
This study was conducted to evaluate the therapeutic potential of phytogenically
derived

11-alpha-keto-beta-boswellic

acid

mediated

nanosilver

particles

(KBAAgNPs), prepared by reduction of silver nitrate with 11- alpha-keto-betaboswellic acid, in staphylococcus aureus induced murine mastitis. A total of 40
female mice were divided into five groups of eight animals each. Group I served as
lactating control, group II-V were inoculated with 20 microliters of 24 hour broth
culture of S.aureus containing 4.0xl05cfu/quarter under ketamine anesthesia using
Hamilton 33G blunted needle. After 6 h post inoculation, groups III and IV received
20 microliters of 11-alpha-keto-beta-boswellic acid nanosilver through intramammay
and intraperitoneal routes respectively. Group V received antibiotic cefepime at 1
mg/kg body weight through intraperitoneal route. After 18 h posttreatment, weights
of mammary glands, mammary gland bacterial load, serum C reactive protein,
thiobarbituric acid reactive substances content, reduced glutathione content,
superoxide dismutase activity and catalase activity and histopathology were
determined. The compound showed a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.91
micrograms per milliliter against S.aureus. Significant reduction (95 percent) in polymorpho nuclear cell infiltration was observed with KBAAgNPs than antibiotic (50
percent).

190

[NVOP-12]

SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLES-A CHALLENEGING NOVEL DRUG

DELIVERY SYSTEM
Sandhya Rani J* and Vidyavathi M
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Sri Padmavathi Mahila Visvavidyalayam,
Tirupati, A.P
Correpondence: sandhyaranij1089@gmail.com

Nanotechnology is rapidly expanding research area, encompassing the development

of man-made materials in nanometer size range. Nanoscale drug delivery system
using various nanomaterials is emerging technology for the rational delivery of
many therapeutic agents. Formulation scientists are facing the challenges such as
poor solubility and bioavailability of the newly invented drugs. Solid lipid
nanoparticles are sub-micron colloidal carriers ranging from 50 to 1000 nm, which
are composed of physiological lipid, dispersed in water or in aqueous surfactant
solution. Solid lipid nanoparticle or liposphere or nanosphere system is the most
feasible particulate carrier system. SLN technology represents a promising new
approach to deliver hydrophilic as well as lipophilic drugs. This system offers added
advantages in comparison to other related particulate drug delivery systems. The
ability to incorporate drugs into nanocarriers offers a new prototype in drug
delivery that could be used for secondary and tertiary levels of drug targeting. The
present review emphasizes on various basic and applied aspects of solid lipid
nanoparticles in novel drug delivery system especially techniques involved in their
production, characterization and various applications. If appropriately investigated,
solid lipid nanoparticles may open new vistas in therapy of complex diseases.

191

[NVOP-13]

COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF WOUND HEALING PROPERTIES OF

NANOSILVER AND PHYTOGENIC NANOSILVER IN WISTAR RATS
Aparna Reddy N1, Eswara Prasad P2, Padmaja K3, Adilaxmamma K4, Alpha Raj
M5, Prasad TNVKV6.
1Dept.

of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati

Dept. of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati
3 Associate Professor, Dept. of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science,
Tirupati. 4Professor, Dept. of Veterinary Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of
Veterinary Science, Tirupati. 5 Assistant Professor, Dept. of Veterinary Pharmacology &
Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur
6 Scientist, Nanotechnology Center, Institute of Frontier Technology, RARS, Tirupati
2 Professor,

Green plants possess a variety of bioactive constituents like alkaloids, flavonoids,

tannins, terpenoids and saponins which possess wound healing properties. The
reducing properties of the bioactive constituents have been exploited in the synthesis of
silver nanoparticles. In the present study, ethanolic extract of stem bark of
Boswelliaovalifoliolata have been used in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (phytogenic
nanosilver). The aim of the present study was to compare and evaluate the wound
healing potential of nanosilver and phytogenic nanosilver in wistar rats. The rats were
divided into five groups i.e., Group 1 treated with 0.9% normal saline (control), Group 2
with 1% povidone iodine solution (Standard), Group 3 with silver
nanoparticles(AgNPs), Group 4 with B.ovalifoliolatabark ethanolic extract and Group 5
with phytogenic nanosilver. In each group the wound healing activity was evaluated in
three different wound models i.e., excision, incision and dead space wound models.
Significant (P<0.05) increase in percent wound contraction, skin breaking strength and
decrease in period of epithelialization, lipid peroxidation was observed in animals
treated with phytogenic nanosilver compared to control. Further a significant (P<0.05)
increase in biochemical parameters viz, hydroxyproline, hexosamine, protein content
and antioxidant parameters viz, catalase and vitamin C confirmed wound healing
potential of phytogenic nanosilver. Histological section of granulation tissue of
phytogenic nanosilver showed mild cellular infiltration with increased of number of
mature angioblasts and fibroblasts and with increased amount of thick collagen
deposition. Thus, in conclusion better wound healing properties of phytogenic
nanosilver may be due to the additive effect of antimicrobial, antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties of bioactive constituents of plant and silver nanoparticles.

192

[VSOP-1]
ENVIRONMENTALLY CONTROLLED DAIRY HOUSING SYSTEM - A NOVEL
APPROACH
Ravindra Reddy Y
Department of Livestock Production Management
College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur-516360, Y.S.R. Kadapa District
Correspondence: yeddularavi88@gmail.com
Climate change can affect the productivity and economic viability of the Livestock
Production Systems. High ambient temperature affects particularly high yielding, low
disease resistant and low heat tolerant crossbred population than the indigenous
livestock. In the present scenario, the commercial dairies with high yielding animals are
increasing at a faster pace on one hand and the environmental temperatures are soaring
year by year. The control of microclimate in the shed helps in exploiting the maximum
potential of the animals. To mitigate the adverse effects of extreme weather events,
technologies suitable to local conditions and modifications in housing of animals,
managemental and feeding practices need to be designed for future. An integrated
approach was made in the model project on the Environmentally Controlled Housing
for Dairy cattle designed at Dairy Experimental Station, College of Veterinary Science,
Tirupati. The various components of the designed model installed are 1.Free stall system
2. Rubberized Mattress 3.Cooling Pads 4.Exhaust Fans 5.Automatic Bowl Water drinkers
6.Automatic Concentrate dispenser system7.Control unit containing temperature sensor
8.Water tank (outside the shed) for recirculation of water 9.Drinking water tank 10.Feed
bin A housing system was designed to sustain the productivity of high yielding animals
giving due consideration to orientation, effective cooling systems (Exhaust fans +
Cooling Pads), reducing feed and labour requirements (Automatic Bowl Water drinkers
and Automatic Concentrate Dispenser system) besides the control of the temperature
and humidity inside the shed. Depending The microenvironment around the animal
needs to be modified to a greater extent to reduce heat load on the animal besides
making the animal more comfortable by providing free stall system for each animal to
lie down. The automatic concentrate feeding and water system helps to reduce the
labour costs. The Rubberized mattress laid the shed helps to reduce the injuries to udder
besides reducing the slipping of animals and resulting in injuries in high yielding
animals.

llustration: I Model of Environmentally controlled Dairy housing system

193

[VSOP-2]

BINDING MECHANISM OF LUPEOL COMPOUND WITH HUMAN

SERUM ALBUMIN
Monika Kallubai1, Aparna Rachamallu2, Daniel Yeggoni3, Rajagopal
Subramanyam1*
Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad,
National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Miyapur, Hyderabad 500046, India;
Correspondence: monikasku.7@gmail.com

Lupeol a phytocompound, possesses beneficial effects like anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. Binding of lupeol to plasma protein such as human serum albumin
(HSA) is a major determinant in the disposition of drug. Cytotoxic studies with mouse
macrophages (RAW 246.7) and HeLa cell lines revealed an anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects and also reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in LPS
induced macrophages. The fluorescence quenching of HSA was observed upon titration
with different concentrations of lupeol and the binding constant found to be 3 0.01x
104 M-1, with binding free energy of -6.59 kcal M-1. Molecular displacement studies based
on competition with site I-binding phenyl butazone (which binds site I of HSA) and
ibuprofen (which binds site II) suggest that lupeol binds in site II. Molecular docking
studies also confirmed that lupeol binds to the IIIA domain of HSA. Secondary structure
changes was observed upon formation of HSA-lupeol complex by circular dichroism
spectroscopy, and stability of complex was observed through Molecular dynamics
simulations.

194

[VSOP-3]

BIODISTRIBUTION AND TOXICITY STUDIES OF SESBANIA MOSAIC VIRUS

(SeMV) IN MICE
Vishnu Vardhan GP1, Koteswara Rao G1, Hema M1*, Savithri HS2 and
Murthy MRN3
1Department
2Department
3Department

of Virology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati.

of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru.

of Molecular Biophysics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru.

*Correspondence:

hemamasarapu70@gmail.com

Nanoparticles intrinsically have varying biological behaviors dependent on their size,

composition, surface chemistry which can greatly influence the deposition, toxicological
nature and clearance from the body. Viruses (viral nanoparticles; VNPs) are excellent
examples of naturally occurring nanomaterials because of their regular geometries, wellcharacterized surface properties, and uniformity of size. A variety of nanoparticles are
being developed for biomedical applications including viral nanoparticles (VNPs)/
virus-like particles (VLPs), but very little is known about their biological behavior in vivo
and these studies are very crucial for the design and development of a triumphant bionanoparticle. The biodistribution and clearance of Sesbania mosaic virus (SeMV), a plant
icosahedral virus was analyzed in mice following oral and intravenous (IV) inoculations
(500 g orally, 100 g intravenously). Fecal samples collected from orally administered
mice showed the presence of SeMV CP till 16 hours post administration (hpa) by
western blot analysis. RT-PCR analysis of blood RNA showed the presence of SeMV
RNA till 72 hpa in both oral and intravenous routes, and till 72 hpa in intravenously
administered liver and spleen total RNA. To check the toxicity of SeMV VNPs, doses of
100 mg and 200 mg/kg body weight orally, 20 mg and 40 mg/kg body weight
intravenously were used and no visibly concerned clinical signs were observed (0-45
days). There was no significant difference in the body weights of animals and
biochemical parameters. Histology studies of tissue samples showed no major changes
in the tissue morphology. The results demonstrated that SeMV is safe, compatible and
can act as a promising nanoparticle for biomedical applications.

195

[VSOP-4]

OXIDATIVE STRESS INDUCED HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN BPA

TREATED CHICK EMBRYOS
Sravani J1, Padmaja K1, Eswara Prasad P1, Srilatha Ch2
1Department

of Veterinary Biochemistry, 2Department of Veterinary Pathology

College of Veterinary Science,
SV Veterinary University, Tirupati.

A study was conducted on the toxic effect of Bisphenol-A (Environmental pollutant) on

oxidative stress induced histopathological changes in chicks during embryonic
development. Four groups of eggs were incubated; group 1 served as control and
received 10l of distilled water on 11th day of embryonic development. Groups II, III and
IV were treated on 11th day with 10 ul of 100 M, 250 M and 500 M concentrations of
BPA respectively. The embryos were sacrificed after 24 and 48 hours of treatment to
collect the liver and brain tissues for estimation of Thiobarbituric acid reacting
substances (TBARS) and for histopathological studies. The results showed a significant
dose dependent increase in TBARS after 24 and 48 hours in both liver and brain tissues.
Significantly high TBARS level was observed after 24 hours compared to 48 hours. The
decreased percentage of induction in TBARS after 48 hours may be due to high capacity
of protective pathways. In histopathological sections, degenerative, necrotic changes
with mononuclear cell infiltration, congestion, proliferation of fibroblasts and focal areas
of karyorrhexis are prominent in liver which may be due to significant induction of
oxidative stress. Neuronophagia, satellitosis, extensive demyelinating changes,
proliferation of the capillaries, perineuronal vacuolation was observed in brain of BPA
treated chick embryos. These results implied that exposure to BPA progressively
increased the intensity of these degenerative changes such as increased dilation and
congestion of sinusoids and central vein and hydroponic degeneration with focal array
of hepatic cords. Vacuolation of hepatocytes as ballooning degeneration observed after
48h interpreted as a kind of cellular defensive mechanism against injurious substances.
Histopathological changes observed are due to induction of ROS and disruption of
balance between ROS and antioxidant defense system. It was concluded that BPA
exposure induced oxidative stress and caused damage to liver and brain tissues during
embryonic development in chicks.

196

[VSOP-5]

INFLUENCE OF MEAT PARTICLE SIZE ON QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF

RESTRUCTURED MUTTON SLICES
Bhaskar Reddy GV, Sen AR1, Sudhakara Reddy K, Kondal Reddy K, Madhava
Rao T and Kondaiah N1
Department of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary Science,
Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030
1 National

Research Centre on Meat, Chengicherla, Hyderabad-500 092

The influence of meat particle size on quality characteristics of restructured mutton

slices (RMS) processed by hot-set binding system was evaluated. The treatments
were T1 (RMS formulated with 0.5 cm particle size), T2 (RMS formulated with 1.0
cm particle size), T3 (RMS formulated with 1.5 cm particle size) and T4 (RMS
formulated with 2.0 cm particle size) and the remaining ingredients are same for all
treatments. The developed RMS were analyzed for physico-chemical, proximate,
textural and sensory characteristics. T1 had significantly (P<0.05) highest cooking
yield, batter stability, water-holding capacity than remaining formulations. Highest
per cent diameter shrinkage (14.44) was observed in T4 than other formulations. T1
showed significantly (P<0.05) more protein extractability values than big particle
size (T2, T3 and T4) formulations. Meat particle size significantly (P<0.05) influenced
various proximate composition (moisture, protein and fat) of RMS. Meat particle size
significantly (P<0.05) influenced the chewiness values of RMS. T1 and T2 had
significantly (P<0.05) less chewiness and hardness, more cohesiveness and
gumminess than T3 and T4. T1 rated significantly (P<0.05) superior sensory scores
compared to remaining formulations. Among all treatments, T1 showed highest
quality characteristic than remaining formations.

197

[VSOP-6]

KNOWLEDGE ON POULTRY FARMING OFCOMMERCIAL POULTRY

FARMERS OF ANDHRAPRADESH
Harilal R
Department of Veterinary Extension, College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati 517502
Andhra Pradesh
Correspondence: hlhari7@gmail.com

An expost facto research design followed in the present investigation for which 120
commercial poultry farmers ( 60 layer + 60 broiler farmers) of Rangareddy, Chittoor and
East Godavari districts were selected randomly to study the impact of Information and
Communication Technology (ICT) on farming performance of commercial poultry
farmers. The data pertaining to dependent variables viz. ICT utilization and farming
performance and independent variables collected with the help of a pre-tested interview
schedule developed for the purpose. After collection of data, farmers were divided into
three groups based on type of flock i.e. layer farmers, broiler farmers and total farmers
for better analysis and presentation of results. Majority of layer farmers (55.00%), broiler
farmers (58.33%) and total (56.67%) farmers were in medium category of knowledge on
poultry farming.

198

[VSOP-7]

SARCOPTIC MANGE IN A PERSIAN CAT

Revathi P1*, Bharathi B2, Syaama Sundar N3, Sivasudharsan L4
College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur
Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati
1Veterinary Medicine, TVCC
2Veterinary Surgery, TVCC
3Department of Veterinary Medicine
4Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, TVCC
* Correspondence: pagadalarevathi@gmail.com
A two year old Persian cat was presented to the Teaching Veterinary Clincal Complex
with the history of itching and alopecia over pinna of both the ears. Microscopic
examination of skin scrapings revealed heavy infestation of Sarcoptes scabiei mites. The
cat was treated with injection Ivermectin at the rate of 200g/ kg body weight
subcutaneously. Improvement was noticed on 7th day. Moderate skin lesions were still
persisted and ivermectin was repeated on 7th and 14th day along with supportive
therapy. Complete recovery of lesions was noticed after three weeks along with absence
of mites on microscopic examination.

199

[VSOP-8]

CLINICO HEMATOLOGICAL STUDIES ON BOVINE LYMPHOSARCOMA

IN CROSSBRED CATTLE
Sujatha K, Vinod Kumar N1, Venu R2, Nalini Kumari N3 and Srilatha Ch
Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati 517502
1Department

of Veterinary Microbiology, C.V.Sc, Tirupati, 2Department of Veterinary

Parasitology, C.V.Sc, Tirupati, 3Department of Veterinary Medicine, C.V.Sc, Tirupati.

Thirty crossbred cows and calves (aged about 6 months to one year) were belongs to
Kalki Trust, Varadhaiahpalem of Chittor district. As per history, two cows were died
suddenly. On clinical examination of crossbred animals both cows and calves in the
farm revealed emaciated body condition, pale conjunctival mucous membrane, dullness
and swollen superficial lymphnodes. Fever was not observed in all these animals, but
they were severely infested with ticks. Randomly blood samples were collected from
cows and calves into EDTA vials for hematological examination. Hematology revealed
Hb: 7g%, PCV: 23%, WBC: 17.4 thousand/l, in differential count Lymphocytes: 89%
and Neutrophil: 11%. Blood smears of all these animals revealed neoplastic lymphoblast
cells. Morphologically, all these lymphoblast cells were big in size with large
hyperchromatic nuclei and nucleolar prominence with scanty basophilic cytoplasm. The
hematological values of calves and cow indicated anemia, mild to moderate leukocytosis
and severe lymphocytosis (majority lymphocytes are neoplastic blast cells). In the
present study, clinical signs and the hematological values suggest that all these animals
were positive for Bovine lymphosarcoma (Bovine leucosis).

200

[VSOP-9]

A RETROSPECTIVE LABORATORY DATA (2010-2014) ON PARASITISM IN

DOMESTIC LIVESTOCK AND WILD ANIMALS IN AND AROUND TIRUPATI
Venu R, Amrutha D, Srinivasa Rao K, Rama Devi P and Ramya V
Dept. of Veterinary Parasitology
College of veterinary science, Tirupati-517 502, A.P
The aim of this paper is to establish the parasitic infection/ infestation in domestic
livestock and wild animals in and around Tirupati, A. P. over a period of five years, i.e.,
from January 2010 to December, 2014. The laboratory data were collected from the by
screening the suspected clinical samples presented to department of Veterinary
Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati for diagnosis of parasitic
infection/infestation. A total of 993 feacal/dung samples, 524 blood smears and 38 skin
scrapings from different species of animals (cattle, buffaloe, sheep, goat, dog, poultry,
horse, elephant, rabbit and deer) were screened following standard protocols. The
laboratory results revealed that, 341 (34.34%) positives for various parasitic infections
out of 993 feacal samples were observed. Similarly 43 (8.21%) positives out of 524 for
blood smears examined, 13 (34.21%) out of 38 for skin scrapings were found to be
positive for parasitism. Results showed that, Amphistome, Moniezia spp., Toxocara
vitulorum, Strongyle spp., Trichuris ovis, Dipylidium caninum and Ancylostoma eggs; and
Cryptosporidium spp., , Eimeria spp., oocysts and Balantidium coli cysts were detected in
feacal samples. The blood smears were positive for Babesia bigemina, Theileria annulata,
Anaplasma marginale, Trypanosoma evansi, Babesia gibsoni and Ehrlichia canis. Regarding,
skin scrapings Sarcoptes scabiei, Psoroptes spp. and Demodex canis were observed. In
conclusion, parasitic infection/infestations were prevalent in domestic livestock in
around Tirupati, hence, proper preventive measures to be implemented.

201

[VSOP-10]

EFFECT OF MYCOTOXINS ON SERUM ENZYMES IN POULTRY

Ashok Kumar Devarasetti*, Vasili Ashok*, Purushotham Rao G**
*Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science, Rajendranagar,
Hyderabad, Telangana State.
**Department of Anatomy, C.V.Sc, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad.
Correspondence: ashok9901@gmail.com
Mycotoxins are a diverse family of secondary metabolites produced by various genera
of fungi. Mycotoxins cause a serious hazard to livestock health and poultry productivity.
It is estimated that approximately 25% of all food commodities produced on earth are
contaminated by mycotoxins (Harris., 1998). The fungi that produce mycotoxins can
contaminate the feed during production, processing, transport and storage. The poultry
industry has an important role in the Indian agricultural economy. It is facing heavy
economic losses due to mycotoxins in poultry feed. Citrinin and Fumonisin were
produced from Pencillium citrinum and Fusarium monliforme respectively, and both
were quantified using thin layer chromatography (TLC) method. The toxins citrinin @ 50
ppm and fumonisin @ 10 ppm were mixed in broiler feed to attain required
concentrations. Four diets for broilers were prepared Diet 1 Basal diet, Diet 2 Basal
diet + citrinin and fumonisin, Diet 3 Basal diet + citrinin and fumonisin + activated
charcoal (0.4 %) and Diet 4 Basal diet + citrinin and fumonisin + activated charcoal +
lyophilized yeast (0.1 %). On diet 2 containing citrinin and fumonisin, the biochemical
profile revealed elevated serum enzyme activities of AST, ALT, ALP and GGT
indicating Liver toxicity and increased serum creatinine and BUN recorded indicates
toxicity to kidney. The birds on Diet 3 containing citrinin and fumonisin and activated
charcoal (0.4%) recorded that, the serum AST, ALT, ALP GGT were markedly improved
and serum creatinine, BUN and serum uric acid levels were moderately improved when
compared to diet 2. The birds fed on diet 4 recorded the serum enzymes like AST, ALT,
ALP and GGT in the liver nearer to control group (diet-1) indicating that activated
charcoal and lyophilized yeast had a complimentary effect in ameliorating the combined
toxic effect of citrinin and fumonisin.

202

[VSOP-11]

DETECTION OF CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS TOXIN GENES BY

MULTIPLEX PCR
Radhika B1*, Vinod Kumar N2, Lahari L2 and Sudheer Babu G2
1State

Level Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Tirupati. AP-517502.

2Department

of Veterinary Microbiology, College of veterinary science, Tirupati.

The present study was aimed to screen the faecal samples collected from enterotoxaemia
suspected lambs in and around chittoor district. The lambs were of age group of one to
three months. The samples collected aseptically were processed and inoculated into
Robertsons cooked meat medium and thioglycollate broth and incubated anaerobically
at 37C for 24 hrs. The bacterial lysate of 24 hours broth culture from clinical samples
used for the detection of Clostridium perfringens toxin genes by multiplex PCR. Out of 33
samples tested, 24(72.72%) were positive for Clostridium perfringens out of which
amplification of only alpha toxin gene was observed in 12 samples indicating presence
of Clostridium perfringens type A, amplification of alpha and beta toxin genes was
observed in 4 samples which indicated the presence of Clostridium perfringens type C,
amplification of alpha and epsilon toxin genes was observed in 8 samples which
indicated the presence of Clostridium perfringens type D. The amplified PCR product size
of alpha, beta and epsilon toxin genes were 324bp, 198bp and 655bp respectively.
Further these 24 positive samples were attempted for the isolation by culturing and only
15(62.5%) isolates were found which indicates low sensitivity of the culturing for
isolation when compared to multiplex PCR.

203

[VSOP-12]
COMPARISON OF EFFICACY OF PCR WITH CONVENTIONAL CULTURAL
METHODS IN DETECTION OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES IN LIVESTOCK
PRODUCTS
Chinta Siva Swetha1*, Angalakuditi Jagadeesh Babu2, Thirtam Madhava Rao3, Enumula
Kumar4
1Assistant

Professor, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, College of

Veterinary Science, Tirupathi-517 502. 2Associate Professor, Department of Veterinary Public

Health and Epidemiology, College of Veterinary Science, Proddutur. 3Associate Dean,
College of Veterinary Science, Proddutur. 4Assistant Professor, Department of Veterinary
Public Health and Epidemiology, College of Veterinary Science, Korutla, Karimnagar.
Listeria monocytogenes has been recognized as an important emerging food borne pathogen due to its
widespread distribution in nature. Though conventional culture method continues to be an official
method for the detection of L.monocytogenes, it takes 4-5 days for isolation and consequent
confirmation of L. monocytogenes in food stuffs. Hence, there is a need to develop reliable and rapid
methods for detection of L.monocytogenes from foods. The present study was undertaken to
standardize PCR assay for detection of L.monocytogenes and Listeriolysin O from livestock foods and
compare its efficacy with conventional cultural methods. A set of primer derived from iap gene and
other set derived from hlyA gene were used for detection of L. monocytogenes and Listeriolysin O in
the PCR assay. The PCR assay was initially standardized by optimizing the concentration of the
components of the reaction mixture and by annealing temperatures and cycling conditions for two
sets of primers. Electrophoresis analysis revealed the specific amplification products at 131 bp and
456 bp respectively for iap and hlyA. Three different template preparation methods viz. genomic DNA
extraction, heat lysis and lysis buffer methods were compared to determine the most sensitive, rapid
and simple method suitable for PCR technique. Desired amplification products were obtained with
all three template preparation methods, but genomic DNA extraction and heat lysis method gave
specific product with good intensity, where as lysis buffer resulted in lesser intensity. In this study,
heat lysis method was employed as it is simple, rapid, reliable and the efficiency was comparable to
genomic DNA extraction method. The specificity of the standardized PCR assay for the two primers
was tested by subjecting 8 isolates including L.monocytogenes and seven other non-Listeria
monocytogenes bacteria. Only L.monocytogenes isolates gave specific product of 131 bp for iap and 456
bp for hlyA genes respectively. The sensitivity of the PCR assay was evaluated by subjecting serial 10fold diution of pure culture of L.monocytogenes from 4.0X107 cfu/ml to 4.0 cfu/ml to PCR assay with
two sets of primers. The minimum detection level was found to be 4 cfu/ml. Four different broths
i.e. two non-selective and two selective broths were evaluated to assess their PCR compatibility using
four different treatments for concentrating the target organism. Two non-selective broths (BHI and
TSB) produced bands in all four treatments, but they were found as light. Among selective broths,
LEB gave very bright bands to treatment-1 and 2 and bright bands to other treatments whereas
PALCAM medium gave bright bands to treatment-1 and 2, and gave light bands to other two
treatments. Out of 200 naturally contaminated samples ( 25 of milk, 15 of ice cream, 10 of dairy farm
water, 25 each of pork, pork swabs, chicken, chicken swabs, fish, fish swabs samples) screened for
L.monocytogenes (iap) and Listeriolysin O (hlyA), PCR gave 23 positive results. The present study also
suggests the need for improving food safety through the implementation of hygienic measures at all
levels from production to consumption with particular emphasis on ready-to-eat food items which
require no further heat treatment. In conclusion, PCR was found to be a suitable test for screening of
food samples for L.monocytogenes in a rapid way. Overall sensitivity of PCR was higher than cultural
method and amenable to automation. Quite a significant percentage of food samples were found to
be contaminated with L.monocytogenes. This indicates measures for improving the hygienic practices.

204

[VSOP-13]

LACTATIONAL PERFORMANCE OF SAHIWAL COWS ON GROUNDNUT

HAULM BASED COMPLETE DIET
Praveen kumar Reddy K1, Ravindra Reddy Y2, Suresh Babu D3 and Suryanarayana
MVLN4
Department of Livestock Production and Management, College of Veterinary Science,
Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati.

An experiment was conducted to find out the lactational performance of Sahiwal cows
by feeding complete diet (RII) containing groundnut haulms and concentrate mixture at
50:50 level and conventional diet (RI) containing concentrate mixture, green jowar and
paddy straw individually to 12 Sahiwal cows divided into two groups of six each for 60
days during the early stage of lactation. The average milk yield, 4% FCM milk yield, Fat,
SNF , DMI per kg milk yield and 4%FCM yield, cost per kg milk yield and Cost per kg
4%FCM Yield were calculated. On comparison no significant difference among lactation
traits was observed between conventional (RI) and complete diet (RII) except protein per
cent. The cost per kg milk yield with complete diet (RII) was lower when compared to
conventional diet (RII).

205

[VSOP-14]

STUDY ON ANTIBIOGRAM FOR COMMON MICROORGANISMS ISOLATED

FROM BOVINE MASTITIS MILK SAMPLES
Lahari Laddika1*, Vinod Kumar N1, Radhika B2 and Sudheer Babu G1
1Department
2State

of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati,

level animal disease diagnostic laboratory, Tirupati, AP 517 502.

The present study was aimed to isolate and identify the microorganisms and their
antibiogram from clinical mastitis cases. A total of 103 bovine milk samples were
received in and around chittoor district to our state level animal disease diagnostic
laboratory, Tirupati to assess the incidence of mastitis. All the samples were collected
from clinically affected cows with mastitis. Out of 103 milk samples, a total of 68 isolates
were isolated which includes 50(73.52%) of Staphylococcus, 8 (11.76%) of Candida,
3(4.41%) of Aspergillus, 5(7.35%) of Pseudomonas, 1(1.47%) of E.coli and Streptococcus as
per standard protocol. Staphylococcus aureus occupied prime position in Bovine clinical
mastitis. All the positive isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility test in Muller
Hinton agar plates as per standard protocol. A total of 10 commonly using antibiotics
were used in this study. Different forms of susceptibility and resistance pattern were
obtained from each isolates of different microorganisms. Out of 68 isolates, 34(50%)
isolates were highly susceptible to Ciprofloxacin, 23(33.82%) isolates were moderately
susceptible to Chloramphenicol and 15(22.05%) isolates were least susceptible to
Ceftriaxone. However, all the 68 isolates were showed higher resistance against
Penicillin, Amikacin, Gentamicin and Streptomycin. In our present study, most of the
isolates showed multidrug resistance against commonly using antibiotics in milk
samples, it may result in serious health problem in human as well as animals. Hence,
indiscriminate use of antibiotics should be reduced in farm animals.

206

[VSOP-15]

INTESTINAL PARAMPHISTOMOSIS IN SHEEP CASE REPORT

Pavan Kumar C, SyaamaSundar N, Praveena G, Chaitanya Kishore J
Department of Veterinary medicine
College of Veterinary Science,Proddatur, 516 360 (A.P) India

Immature forms of amphistomes located in proximal portion in large number will result
in acute deaths in case of small ruminants especially during

late winter and

earlysummer months (march-April ).Mortality was observed in sheep flocks with a

history of blackish diarrhoea, sub mandibular edema and dehydration. Faecal samples
were found to be negative for parasitic ova. Post mortem examination of dead sheep
revealed ascites and proximal portion of duodenumshowed severe congestion and
thickened mucosa .Duodenal scrapings examined under microscope revealed numerous
immature paramphistomes.Haematological and bio chemical parameters were analysed
in ailing sheep. Ailing sheep were treated successfully with Niclosamide @ 100 mg/kg B
wt and other supportive therapy. Detailed case study will be discussed.

207

[VSOP-16]

ANCHYLOSTOMOSIS IN A MONGREL DOG ----- A CASE REPORT

Praveena G1 , Syaama Sundar N, Pavan Kumar C
Department of Veterinary medicine,
College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur-516360(A.P) India

A Mongrel dog of 4 months age was presented to college hospital with the history of
bloody diarrhoea, vomition, inappetence since 3 days. On clinical examination,
temperature -102.3F, pulse: 130/min, respiration rate: 32/min and severe dehydration.
Haematological parameters revealed PCV-22% and Hb- 6 gm%. Faecal sample was
scanned by using Scan vet kit ( INTAS) and found negative for canine parvo viral
disease and faecal examination revealed positive for Anchylostomes . The dog was
treated with inj- Ivermectin @ of 200 ug/ kg.b.wt, inj-Ferritas-0.5 ml I/M, inj-Perinorm
0.5 ml I/M, inj-DNS-50 ml I/V. Supportive therapy with B- complex injection (B1, B6,
B12) and advised syrup- Sharkoferol daily 5 ml-BID. After 2 days the dog started
recovering and complete recovery was noted after a period of 10 days.

208

[VSOP-17]

C T VARIATION IN TLR2 GENE AND MASTITIS SUSCEPTABILITY IN

BOVINES
Prebavathy T, Thanislass J, Lydia D, Ganesan R and Mukhopadhyay HK
Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research,
Puducherry 605 009, India.

The objective of this study was to understand the association between one of the SNPs
reported in the TLR2 gene of cattle and bovine mastitis. Allele Specific-PCR (AS-PCR)
was developed for the detection of C T variation reported at 2010 mRNA position and
reported to be responsible for change in amino acid present on the LRR-functional
domain of TLR2 gene. Fifty well characterized mastitis cases in terms of California
Mastitis Test, bacterial culture and PCR, and fifty age-matched controls confirmed to be
free from mastitis were selected from Puducherry region, India. DNA was isolated from
blood samples of the above animals. AS-PCR was performed with the custom designed
primers and genotypes determined. The genotypes detected were further confirmed by
sequencing and sequence analysis which had proved the efficiency of AS-PCR
developed for the detection of above SNP in TLR2 gene. Statistical analysis of
association between genotypes detected with the cases and control resulted in the
identification of association between genotype CT for SNP CT at 2010 mRNA position
(p=0.0006) with the mastitis. Odds Ratio (OR) analysis with 95% confidence intervals
(CI) further confirmed significant (OR=5.76; 95 % CI=2.07-15.97) association between the
CT (CT at 2010 mRNA position) heterozygous genotype and mastitis susceptibility.

209

[VSOP-18]

EFFECT OF COW URINE ON LIVER MICROSOMAL ENZYMES IN RATS

Rashmi R*, Jagadeesh, Sanganal S and Shridhar NB
Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary College, KVAFSU,
Hebbal, Bangalore, Karnataka.
Deoni cow urine was evaluated for its effect on pentobarbitone induced sleeping time in
wistar rats. Five groups with ten males and ten females were separately administered
with distilled water (control), Chloramphenicol 100 mg/kg i.p, Phenobarbitone sodium
80 mg/kg i.p, cow urine 0.25 ml/kg p.o, cow urine 0.5 ml/kg p.o for seven days. After
30 min of last dose treatment pentobarbitone sodium 35 mg/kg i.p was administered to
all groups except group III and sleeping time was recorded. After 24 h of last dose
treatment pentobarbitone sodium 35 mg/kg i.p was administered to group III and
sleeping time was recorded. The pentobarbitone sleeping time significantly increased in
treated (Group II, IV and V) compared to their respective control group. This can be
attributed to the inhibitory effect of cow urine on liver microsomal enzymes. Length of
sleeping time after pentobarbitone administration is inversely related to the rate of drug
metabolism.

210

[VSOP-19]

INFLUENCE OF EARLY WEANING ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE

OF SOWS
Sravanthi V, Suresh babu D, Anitha A, Asha latha P and Eswara Rao.
Department of Livestock Production Management, Rastriya Krishi Vikas Yojana Project,
NTR College of veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University,
Gannavaram, 516102.

The influence of weaning age on the reproductive performance of sows was studied in
three weaning age groups such as group 1(25days), group 2 (40days) and grpup
3(56days) of Large White Yorkshire piglets. 6 sows were selected in each group. The
onset of oestrous in group 1,2 and 3 were 39.75 0.34 days, 47.83 0.28 days and 61.67
0.19 days respectively in the increasing order after farrowing. The conception rate in
group 1 sows was 66.6% when compared to group 2 and group 3 in which it was 100%
.The oestrous behaviour was exhibited in the form of lordosis, mounting and
restlessness. 66% of sows in group 1 and 100% of sows in group 2 and 3 exhibited the
oestrus behaviour and conception was also observed in the same order.

211

[VSOP-20]

AVAILABILITY AND ACCESSIBILITY OF INFORMATION

COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) AMONG DAIRY FARMERS IN
CHITTOOR DISTRICT OF ANDHRA PRADESH.
Triveni G,
Dept. of Vety & A.H Extension, C.V.Sc, Tirupati.
Rapid growth of information communication technology (ICT) and introduction of ICTenabled information services provide ways to improve information dissemination to the
knowledge intensive agricultural sector and also help to bridge the information gap
existing among the group of farmers. The study was conducted to assess the
opportunity for using ICT, infrastructure availability, utilization and accessibility of ICT
among the dairy farmers of Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh for Animal Husbandry
purposes. This study is based on primary data collected from a sample of 120
respondents (30 respondents per division from all the four

divisions

of chittoor

district), using random sampling, to assess the accessibility of ICT and secondary data
collected from various sites to assess the availability of ICT. Digital opportunity Index
(DOI) was used to find out the availability of ICT in the state. Frequency, cumulative
square root frequency and Percentage were used to analyze the accessibility of ICT
among the dairy farmers. Findings reveal that availability of ICT in the state based on
DOI was 0.33 and Chittoor District lies in category of economies with medium DOI
scores. Majority of respondents (61.25%) had medium accessibility to ICT whereas
(38.75%) had low accessibility to ICT.

212

[VSOP-21]

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF SODIUM ALGINATE IN

LOW FAT CHEVON PATTIES
Indumathi J
Department of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary science,
Tirupati 517 502.

Study was conducted to determine the levels of sodium alginate while developing lowfat chevon patties. Low fat chevon patties(<10% total fat) made with sodium alginate
added at 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 percentages. The effects of their incorporation on physicchemical properties and sensory quality of low fat chevon patties compared with control
patties with 20% vegetable fat was studied. Incorporation of sodium alginate
significantly (p<0.05) increased emulsion stability (ES)and water holding capacity
(WHC) of meat emulsion with highest values at 0.75% sodium alginate level. The low
fat chevon patties containing 0.25% sodium alginate showed significant(P<0.05) increase
in tenderness, overall acceptability scores and marginal increase in juiciness, flavor and
color scores as compared to the other sodium alginate levels. Sodium alginate at 0.25%
was found preferable to develop low fat chevon patties with better sensory quality.

213

[VSOP-22]

HAEMAPHYSALIS SPP. INFESTATION IN A RESCUED LEOPARD (PANTHERA

PARDUS)
Venu R, Rama Devi P, Arun SP*, Nasreen A** and Preethi M
Dept. of Veterinary Parasitology
*S. V. Zoological Park, Tirupati
**DEPT. Of Veterinary Pathology
College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati-517 502, A. P.
India is well known for its endangered and rare wildlife in all over the world. Parasitic
infections constitute one of the major problems in both captive and free ranging wild
animals causing even mortality. Ticks are the main ectoparasites infesting domestic and
wild animals. Apart from causing anaemia they also act as vectors for many pathogens.
In this paper tick infestation in a wild rescued leopard was reported. One year old
rescued female leopard was presented for post-mortem examination to College of
Veterinary Science, Tirupati. History revealed that, the leopard was rescued from the
nearby forests of Ananthapur district of Andhra Pradesh and brought to Sri
Venkateswara Zoological Park, Tirupati and kept in an isolated cage. On examination
the leopard showed multiple wounds on various body parts, poor condition, anorexic,
anaemia and recumbent in position. The animal did not respond to treatment and died
after three days. During post-mortem examination, pale mucous membranes were
observed. Further, the animal body particularly at ears and inner canthus of both eyes
infested with numerous ixodid ticks. The ticks were collected in 70 percent alcohol and
processed for their identification. Based on the morphological characters the ticks were
identified as Haemaphysalis spp. To the authors knowledge this is the first report
regarding the tick infestation in wild leopard from this area.

214

[VSOP-23]

GENETIC PARAMETERS OF EGG QUALITY TRAITS IN TWO STRAINS OF

JAPANESE QUAILS
Punya Kumari B*, Ramesh Gupta B and Gnana prakash M
Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding
Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh 517 502, India
Correpondence: punya67@yahoo.co.in

The data generated on total of 1218 eggs collected consecutively for three days at 16
weeks of age from 202 Black and 204 Brown Japanese quails were utilized in the present
study to estimate the genetic and phenotypic parameters among external, internal egg
quality traits and quality indices. The data generated on egg quality traits was subjected
to least squares analysis (Harvey, 1979) to study the effects of strain, generation and
hatch and the data adjusted for generation and hatch effects was utilized for estimation
of genetic parameters (Becker, 1985). All the egg quality traits investigated were
significantly influenced by one or the other effects of strain, generation and hatch. The
overall least squares means for egg weight (EW), egg length (EL), egg width (EWD),
shell weight (SW), shell thickness (ST), albumen length (AL), albumen width (AWD),
albumen height (AH), albumen weight (AW), yolk diameter (YD), yolk height (YH),
yolk weight (YW), yolk fan colour (YFC), shape index (SI), Albumen index (AI), Yolk
index (YI) and Haugh unit score (HUS) were 13.63 g, 33.85 mm, 26.76 mm, 1.14 g, 0.21
mm, 42.63 mm, 33.45 mm, 5.04 mm, 7.95 g, 24.53 mm, 11.43 mm, 4.53 g, 5.66, 79.18, 0.13,
0.47 and 60.09, respectively. The estimates of heritabilities were low to moderate for
external (0.07 to 0.32) and internal egg quality traits (0.12 to 0.51) and low to high for
quality indices in Black Japanese quails. Heritability estimates for external egg
quality traits in Brown Japanese quails varied from 0.06 to 0.38; while the estimates for
internal egg quality traits ranged from 0.13 to 0.65. Most of the estimates for egg quality
traits were within the range of moderate to high and suggested the existence of sizeable
genetic variability for exploitation by appropriate selection procedure. The genetic,
phenotypic and environmental correlations of EW with other external egg quality traits
(EL, EWD, SW and ST) varied from -0.09 to 0.95, 0.01 to 0.87 and 0.17 to 0.85,
respectively, in Black strain. The genetic correlation of EW with EWD was 0.61 in Brown
strain, whereas the phenotypic correlations were found to be positive but varied from
low to high (0.10 to 0.84) in magnitude. Majority of the traits studied were secondary
and dependent on the major trait of the egg weight. Hence, any selection programme
aimed to alter egg weight would automatically modify the associated traits as correlated
response to selection.

215

[VSOP-24]

MICROSTRUCTURE OF PINEAL GLAND IN ADULT SHEEP (OVIS ARIES)

Raju NKB, Gopikrishna B, Reddy Dhyana V, Supriya B and Bhagyalakshmi J
Department of Veterinary Anatomy
College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati 517 502

The study was conducted on six adult sheep and the tissue pieces were procured from
the local abattoir at Tirupati. The tissue pieces were fixed in Bouins fluid and 10%
neutral buffered formalin and processed for routine processing technique. The tissue
sections were stained with H&E, Toluidine blue, Gomoris trichrome and Vonkossa
stains. The gland was encapsulated by thin capsule and unlobulated. The parenchyma
consisted of two types of cells. The pinealocytes and interstitial cells were abundant in
medulla than cortex. The mast cells were also noticed. The parenchyma predominantly
consisted of collagen and reticular fibres. The calcareous concretions were noticed in the
centre of the gland.

216

[VSPP-1]

HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA IS PROTECTIVE AGAINST FLUORIDE

TOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS
AlphaRaj M1, Adilaxmamma K1, MadanMohan E2, Naik BR3
1Department

of Pharmacology & Toxicology, 2Department of Veterinary Physiology,

College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur 516 360(A.P) India

3SuperSpecialityVeteirnary

Hospital, Pulivendula 516 390(A.P) India

E-mail: dr.babyrambabu@gmail.com
An interactive acute toxicity study was designed to study the median lethal dose of
fluoride in combination with hypercholesterolemia in wistar rats. Female Wistar albino
rats of 150-160 g weight were administered Triton WR 1339 @ 200mg/Kg i.p to induce
hypercholesterolemia. After, 12 h of administration of triton, the serum cholesterol levels
were estimated to confirm hypercholesterolemia. The median lethal dose (oral LD50) of
sodium fluoride was determined in both control and hypercholesterolemic rats using up
and down procedure as per OECD guidelines 425. The LD50 was determined using AOT
425 software and the data was analyzed using students t-test. The mean serum
cholesterol content of hypercholesterolemic group (222.44 13.55 mg%) was
significantly higher compared to control group (51.92 8.68 mg%) (p< 0.05). However,
there was a paradoxical elevation in the estimated LD50 of Sodium Fluoride in
hypercholesterolemic group which was 170.20 mg/kg (164.00 to 290.00) compared to
92.00 mg/kg (54.07 to 480.00) in the control group demonstrating protective effect of
hypercholesterolemia against fluoride toxicity. It is hypothesized that the antioxidant
properties of cholesterol might have offered protection against fluoride induced free
radical damage.

217

[VSPP-2]

ASSESSMENT OF LEAD AND OTHER HEAVY METAL EXPOSURE THROUGH

THE CONSUMPTION OF CHICKEN MEAT IN AND AROUND PRODDATUR
REGION OF ANDHRA PRADESH IN INDIA
Anil Kumar C1 , Alpha Raj M2 , Naik BR3, Devasena B4, Prasad TNVKV5
Department of Animal Nutrition1,4, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology2,
Department of Veterinary Physiology3, College of Veterinary Science,
Proddatur,-516360 (A.P), India 2, Nanotechnology laboratory, Institute of Frontier
Technology, Regional Agricultural Research Station, ANGRAU, Tirupati 517 5025

Lead is a ubiquitous heavy metal and due to increased industrial activity, the exposure
to lead is increasingly alarming. In the present study, the exposure of human population
to lead and other heavy metals through the consumption of chicken meat was assessed.
Proddatur region of Andhra Pradesh is an industrial area with chemical, cement
industries and thermal power station. Sample of whole blood and meat of chicken were
collected from 50 slaughter houses in and around Proddatur. The samples were digested
using nitric acid with microwave digestion system. The amount of lead in the blood and
meat samples of chicken was estimated using ICP-OES. The public health significance
and impact of the levels of lead along with several other heavy metals found in chicken
meat were discussed. The area wise distribution of lead and other heavy metals and
possible sources were also indicated.

218

[VSPP-3]

PUBLIC HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS THROUGH MILK

AND WATER: A QUANTITATIVE SURVEY IN AND AROUND PRODDATUR
REGION OF ANDHRA PRADESH IN INDIA
Dilip Reddy G1*, Anil Kumar C2, Muralidhar Y1, Prasad TNVKV4, Alpha Raj M1,
Manasa B3
1Department
2Department

of Pharmacology and Toxicology,

of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science,

Proddatur,-516360 (A.P), India

3Department

of Veterinary Pathology, NTR College of Veterinary Science,

Gannavaram, A.P. India

4Nanotechnology

Centre, Institute of Frontier Technology, RARS, Tirupati, India

*Correspondence: dilipreddyg@gmail.com

Heavy metals are unique toxicants which persist in nature and assume different
chemical forms because of their physico-chemical, biological and anthrapogenic
activities leading to potential health hazards for humans and animals. Some of the heavy
metals are essential elements while others pose health hazards. The increased industrial
activity has led to increased heavy metal exposure to both humans and livestock. In the
present study, the exposure of lead and other heavy metals through the consumption of
milk and water was assessed in Proddatur region of Andhra Pradesh as it is an
industrial area with chemical, cement industries and thermal power station. Sample of
milk and water were collected from different areas in and around Proddatur. The
samples were digested using nitric acid with microwave digestion system. The amount
of heavy metals in the milk and water samples were estimated using ICP-OES. The
public health significance and impact of the levels of lead along with several other heavy
metals found in milk and water were discussed. The area wise distribution of lead and
other heavy metals and possible sources were also indicated.

219

[VSPP-4]

AUTOHAEMOTHERAPY IN CLINICAL CASE OF PAPILLOMA IN A COW

Saritha G1 and Nalini kumari k2
Department of Medicine
Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University , Tirupathi 517 502.
Correspondence: drsaritha.vet@gmail.com
Autohaemotherapy is a simple technique where patients own blood is injected
parentarally (s/c, I/M). This method is preferable as it is simple and economical as
compared to other therapeutic procedures. The beneficial effect of autohaemotherapy is
due to its immune stimulatory effects. There is an increased production of both humoral
and cell mediated immunity following auto haemotherapy. One cow was presented to
the medical ward, college of veterinary science tirupati with the history of inappetance
and having small, sessile papillomatous growths in both sides of the neck and under the
mouth. The animal was subjected to autohaemotherapy. About 10ml of avilin was given
to the animal in order to stabilize and to avoid untoward allergic reactions. After a
fifteen minutes, 20ml of blood was taken from the jugular vein of cow and administered
10ml i/m and another 10ml s/c at the neck region for 4 times at regular weekly interval.
Cow was clinically recovered after 4 weeks. Autohaemotherapy might be an alternative
method in the field. It may be recommended as a good therapeutic tool as it is very
simple, safe and economical method compared to other conventional procedures.

220

[VSPP-5]

INFLUENCE OF CALCIUM ALGINATE ON QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF

RESTRUCTURED MUTTON SLICES DEVELOPED BY COLD-SET BINDING
SYSTEM
Bhaskar Reddy GV, Sen AR1, Sudhakara Reddy K, Kondal Reddy K, Madhava
Rao T and Kondaiah N1
Department of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary Science,
Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030
1 National

Research Centre on Meat, Chengicherla, Hyderabad-500 092

A study was conducted to evaluate the different levels of calcium alginate on quality
characteristics of restructured mutton slices (RMS) manufactured by cold-set binding
system. The RMS were formulated with the following treatments as control (C) (without
addition of calcium alginate), T1 (RMS formulated with 0.1 % calcium alginate), T2
(RMS formulated with 1.0 % calcium alginate) and T3 (RMS formulated with 1.5 %
calcium alginate). The developed RMS was analysed for various physico-chemical,
proximate, textural and sensory characteristics. Different levels of calcium alginate
significantly (P<0.05) influenced various quality characteristics of RMS. RMS formulated
with 1.5 % calcium alginate (T3) showed significantly (P<0.05) higher cooking yield,
batter stability, water-holding capacity (WHC), pH and moisture content than other
treatments (C, T1 and T2). Control had significantly (P<0.05) highest collagen solubility,
protein content than RMS formulated with different levels of calcium alginate. T3
showed significantly (P<0.05) more chewiness and springiness values than other
treatments. Control was significantly (P<0.05) more gumminess and hardness values
than RMS formulated with calcium alginate. RMS formulated with 1.5 % calcium
alginate (T3) found to be significantly (P<0.05) more juiciness and overall palatability
scores than other treatments. From these results, it is concluded that RMS formulated
with 1.5 % calcium alginate (T3) shows significantly (P<0.05) higher physico-chemical,
proximate and textural characteristics and rated superior sensory scores compared to
remaining formulations.

221

[VSPP-6]

PESTICIDE POISONING IN A DOBERMAN DOG

Revathi P1*, Syaama Sundar N2, Sumiran N3
College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur
Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati
1Veterinary
2Dept.

Medicine, TVCC

of Veterinary Medicine

3Veterinary

Surgery and Radiology

* Correspondence: pagadalarevathi@gmail.com

A five year old male Doberman dog was presented to the Teaching Veterinary Clinical
Complex with the history of accidental ingestion of pesticide pellets which were sprayed
on near by paddy fields. Clinical examination revealed rise of temperature, vomiting,
hypersalivation, increased heart rate, blackish diarrhea and excitement. The dog was
given fluid therapy (normal saline), atropine sulphate at the dose rate of 0.4mg/ kg
body weight intravenously. Supportive therapy with B-complex vitamins and oral
calcium preparations were given for three days. Complete recovery was noticed after
three days post treatment.

222

[VSPP-7]

LEAD ACETATE INDUCED ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN DIFFERENT

TISSUES OF WISTAR ALBINO RATS AND ITS AMELIORATION WITH
OCIMUM SANCTUM A LEAF EXTRACT
Sujatha K, Srilatha Ch, Anjaneyulu Y1, ChandrasekharRao TS2, Sreenivasulu D3
Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science,
Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati -517502,
Andhra Pradesh, INDIA
1Professor,

Dept. of Pathology, College of Veterinary science, Korutla

2Dean,

Faculty of Veterinary Science, SVVU, Tirupati

3Associate

Dean, CVSc, Tirupati

The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of Ocimum sanctum
against lead acetate induced ultrastructural in adult male wistar albino rats for a period
of twelve weeks. Adult 216 healthy rats were randomly divided into six groups viz.
control (group I), higher dose of lead acetate @60mgs/kg bwt (group II), Lower dose of
lead acetate @ 30 mgs / kg bwt (group III), Higher dose of lead + Ocimum @ 400 mgs/
kg bwt (group IV), lower dose of lead + Ocimum @ 400 mgs/ kg bwt (group V), Ocimum
control (group VI). All lead treated and ameliorated groups given Lead acetate/ lead +
Ocimum orally for three days in a week for a period of twelve weeks. Every fortnight
from each group rats were sacrificed with anesthetic ether and collected kidney, liver
and brain pieces in to glutaraldehyde fixative for ultrastructural examination.In present
investigation it was observed that ultrastructurally kidney revealed swollen
mitochondria with degeneration, fragmented endoplasmic reticulum, increased number
of lysosomes, clumping of nuclear chromatin and intranuclear electron dense lead
inclusions. Where as in liver, increased number of darkly stained lysosomes and swollen
and decreased mitochondria. Swollen and vacuolated vascular endothelial cells,
degenerated myelin sheath and decrease in mitochondrial density margination in brain
were noticed in dose dependent manner. In Ocimum ameliorated group of lower dose
(GroupV) a significant improvement was noticed in ultrastructural changes this might
be due to chemopreventive property of Ocimum. The results of the present study suggest
that Ocimum sanctum herbal extract inhibits lead induced ultrastructural damage.

223

[VSPP-8]

PATHOLOGY OF MASTITIS METRITIS AGALECTIA IN SOWS

Sujatha K, Sreenivasa Naik H, Ramanamurthy R, Nasreen A, Srilatha Ch, Vinod
Kumar N1,
Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science,
Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati 517502
1Department

of VeterinaryMicrobiology, C.V.Sc, Tirupati

Two sows belong to AICRP on Pigs, college of Veterinary Science, Tirupati died
suddenly after parturition and submitted for postmortem examination. Clinically both
the animals were said to be suffering from high fever and anorexia and lethargic after
parturition. The mammary glands were swollen and firm with agalectia, purplish
discolouration of the udder and serosanguaneous secretions through the teat canal was
noticed. On postmortem examination mammary glands were swollen, firm, on cut
section moderate congestion and edema, severe necrotic changes and oozing of
serosanguinous fluid was noticed. Swab was collected from heart blood and mammary
tissue for bacterial isolation. The cultural examination revealed E. coli bacteria.
Histopathological examination of uterus revealed severe congestion and hemorrhages
and mild mononuclear cell infiltration in endometrium. Mammary gland showed severe
desquamated changes in alveoli, at places alveoli filled with cellular debris mixed with
few mononuclear cells and interlobular edema.. Severe degenerative changes in renal
epithelium and desquamated changes were also noticed in kidneys. Heart and lung
revealed

hemorrhages and

pulmonary

edema

respectively.

Based

on

gross,

histopathological changes and cultural examination the present cases were diagnosed as
Mastitis Metritis Agalectia.

224

[VSPP-9]

EFFECT OF LEAD ACETATE AND CO ADMINISTRATION OF LEAD

ACETATE AND OCIMUM SANCTUM (OS) LEAF EXTRACT ON TESTIS OF
ALBINO RATS - AN OXIDATIVE STRESS AND ENDOCRINAL STUDY
Sujatha K, Srilatha Ch, Anjaneyulu Y1 ChandrasekharRao TS2 , Sreenivasulu D3
Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Science,
Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati-517502, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA
1Professor,

Dept. of Pathology, College of Veterinary science, Korutla

2Dean,

Faculty of Veterinary Science, SVVU, Tirupati

3Associate

Dean, CVSc, Tirupati

216 Male wistar rats were divided into six groups (I, II, III, IV, V &VI).Group I and
Group VI act as Distilled water control and OS control respectively. Group II & III rats
were orally administered lead acetate @ 60 mgs & 30mgs /kg. bwt / 3 days in a week
and group IV & V treated with lead acetate @ 60 mgs & 30mgs /kg. bwt / 3 days in a
week + 400mgs/kg.bwt respectively for 90 days. Every fortnight from each group rats
were sacrificed with anesthetic ether and collected serum for hormonal assay and testes
for measurement of lactate dehydrogenase, oxidative damage, lead residues and
histopathological studies. Administration of lead acetate caused a dose dependant
reduction in antioxidant enzymes like catalase, superoxide dismutase & glutathione
reductase and serum testosterone values. Testicular lactate dehydrogenase and lead
residues were increased significantly in lead treated rats. Co - administration with OS
non significantly improved the effects of lead acetate induced changes in group V rats.
So no significant difference was found among lead treated groups (II & III) and its
corresponding OS treated groups (IV & V). Hisopathologically testis shows necrosis of
seminiferous tubules. Complete separation and disappearance of seminiferous tubular
epithelium. Lead acetate induced oxidative stress and endocrine dysfunction in testis of
rats. Coadministration with OS had mild protective effect against the lead acetate
induced toxicity in testis.

225

[VSPP-10]

AWARENESS REGARDING ZOONOTIC DISEASES AMONG THE BUTCHERS

OF PRODDATUR, A.P - A STUDY
Lokesh M, Saidaiah M, SreeSai E, Rakesh Ch and Naveen DZ*
College of Veterinary Science, Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University,
Proddatur-516360
*Department of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary Science
Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Proddatur-516360

Zoonotic diseases present an ongoing public health concern. About 60 percent of all
human diseases and 75 percent of all emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic. Most
human infections with zoonoses come from livestock, including pigs, chickens, cattle,
goats, sheep and camels. Researchers found that zoonoses are responsible for 2.2 million
human deaths world-wide, every year. Butchers constitute the high risk group in the
transmission of zoonotic diseases. The educational status and awareness regarding the
information, identification and transmission of zoonotic diseases among this high risk
group, is critical in controlling the spread of zoonotic diseases. Hence, a study has been
designed to evaluate the educational status of butchers, awareness among the butchers
regarding the various zoonotic diseases and their modes of transmission, the effluent
treatment methods followed by the butchers of Proddatur, Andhra Pradesh. The survey
revealed that most of the butchers had high school education and most of them acquired
this profession from their ancestors. Most of the butchers were having awareness
regarding the commonly occurring zoonotic diseases, identification of the disease by
observing the lesions and their control. All the butchers follow the hygienic practices
and most of them were interested in attending training programmes pertaining to
zoonotic diseases.

226

[VSPP-11]

ISOLATION OF E.COLI FROM PNEUMONIC GOAT LUNGS

Amaravathi M, Satheesh K, Bharath Kumar Reddy C and Reddy Dhyana V
Department of Veterinary Pathology
NTR College of Veterinary Science, Gannavaram -521 102

Bacteriological studies were done on the pneumonic goat lungs for identification of
etiological agent. In this present study, we collected sterile swabs of pneumonic lungs
from sixteen goats from slaughterhouses in and around Vijayawada immediately after
slaughter. Then these swabs were inoculated in nutrient broth and incubated at 370C for
24 hrs. After enrichment, isolation was done in Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) agar as per
standard protocol. Colony showing purple with metallic sheen taken as presumptive
positive isolations and further confirmation was done by Grams Method of staining and
I M Vi C tests. All the presumptive positive isolates appeared as gram negative rods on
Grams Method of staining and + + - - in I M Vi C tests.

227

[VSPP-12]

EFFECTS OF THUJA OCCIDENTALIS AS AN ALTERNATIVE REMEDY IN

TREATMENT OF WARTS ONUDDER OF A NON-DESCRIPT DOE
Bharathi D and Veena P
Dept of Surgery and Radiology, College of veterinary science, Proddatur, SVVU.

Papillomatosis is a condition in farm animals and is treated by surgical excision or

application of caustic agents. A doe with warts on udder was treated by using
thujaoccidentalis (Thuja-30, A homeopathic medicine) @ 10 drops per os OID for a span
of five weeks, resulting in reduction of more than 75% in size of the warts. Different
modalities of treatment and the results are discussed.

228

[VSPP-13]

SOFT TICKS AS PATHOGEN VECTORS: CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT IN

A POULTRY FARM

Gnani Charitha V and Rayulu VC

Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science , SVVU Proddatur

Ticks are worldwide in distribution and are of great significance in veterinary fields
owing to their pathogen carrying ability as vectors besides causing direct damage.
About 12 chickens were brought to postmortem from a poultry farm, near Proddatur
with a history of reduced growth rate, drop in egg production and restlessness, finally
leading to slow death of the birds. Postmortem revealed death due to anemia and on
external examination, soft ticks were recovered. Farm premises were examined for tick
nests which were found near cages and in cracks and crevices. Adult and nyphal stages
were collected and processed to identify the ticks. Chemical control with acaricides was
adopted for immediate control of the tick population along with other management
practices.

229

[VSPP-14]

SELF EMULSIFYING NANO DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS OF ACYCLOVIR:

FORMULATION AND IN VITRO DRUG RELEASE STUDIES
Indira Muzib Y1, Prasanna Kumari1, Ambedkar YR2
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, SriPadmavathi Mahila
Visvavidyalayam, GVPC,Vizianagaram
Tirupati, AndhraPradesh-517502.
Email.i.d:yindira1415@gmail.com

Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) are anhydrous homogenous

liquid mixtures consisting of oil, surfactant, drug and coemulsifier or solubilizer,
which spontaneously form oil-in-water nanoemulsion of approximately 200 nm or
less in size upon dilution with water. In this study Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams
of oil, surfactant/co-surfactant, and water were developed using the water titration
method used to formulate acyclovir SNEDDS. Acyclovir, is a guanosine analogue
antiviral medication. It is primarily used for the treatment of herpes simplex virus
infections, chickenpox. The SNEDDS evaluated for visual charecterization, drug
content, SEM analysis, Zetapotential and invitro drug release. The absolute drug
content of F3 was 98.7%. From the results that, among the various oils, oleic acid :
castor

oil

(3:1)

showed

the

highest

solubilizing

potential

for

acyclovir(45.531.50mg/ml) compared to oleic acid (9.731.50mg/ml), IPM

(1.950.05mg/ml), olive oil (3.480.20mg/ml). Among surfactants, tween 80
(791.1mg/ml) showed the highest solubility followed by glycerol (251.5mg/ml)
was co-surfactants. Results inferred that the oily phase oleic acid and castor oil
exhibited the highest (98%) emulsification efficiency with all the surfactants
employed. F3 formulation optimized as it was clear and stable, drug content was
98.1% and 98.7% of drug was released within one hour. Keywords: In-vitro drug
release, Zeta potential, SNEDDS, Tween 80.

230

[VSPP-15]

IMMUNE-RESPONSE STUDY OF ENTEROTOXAEMIA VACCINE IN SHEEP OF

RAYALASEEMA REGION USING ELISA
Nagendra Reddy T1, Sreenivasulu D2, Satyanarayana Chetty M2 and Eswara Prasad P3
1Dept,

of Microbilogy, College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur, India

2Dept,
3Dept,

of Microbilogy, College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati, India

of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati, India

In the presentstudy, the immune responses in vaccinated sheep were assessed using
Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA). Six sheep were vaccinated under
controlled conditions and serum samples were collected periodically, upto 4 months
after post vaccination.And also, a total of 139 sera samples from organised farms and
247 serum samples from 7 different villages of Kadapa and Chittoor districts of Andhra
Pradesh were collected for comparative study.Percent positivity value 30 is considered
as cut off point for the protective titers.The mean percent positivity values after
vaccinationin controlled conditions varied from 71.17 at 1 month to 31.95 at 4 months
which was a significant (P < 0.05) reduction. The immune responses were significantly
higher in one year age group animals. Immune responses of sheep maintained under
rural conditions were found to be low when compared with sheep maintained under
controlled conditions. The protective titers were maintained up to 3 months in sheep
maintained under village conditions verses 4 months in those maintained in controlled
conditions.The immune status usually measured by mouse neutralization test which is
cumbersome, expensive, time consuming and requires large number of laboratory
animals. As an alternative, ELISA could be used to determine the immune status and to
study the minimum duration of immunity in sheep vaccinated against Enterotoxaemia.

231

[VSPP-16]

MAGOTTED WOUND IN A CAPTIVE LIONESS (PANTHERA LEO) A CASE

REPORT
Venu R, Arun SP*, Naik VCS, Rama DP, Sujatha K** and Mounika K
Dept. of Veterinary Parasitology
*SV Zoological Park, TIRUPATI
**DEPT. OF Veterinary Pathology
College of Veterinary Science, TIRUPATI-517 502, A. P.
Myiasis is the infestation of living vertebrate animals with dipteran larvae, which at
least for a period of time feed on the hosts dead or living tissue, body fluids, or ingested
food. Maggotted wound in a wild captive lioness from Sri venkateswara Zoological
Park, Tirupati was reported in this paper. Case history revealed that, A 25 year old
lioness emitting bad smell from the body with matted hair and discharges from the
wound at the anal region. The wild animal was weak, anorexic, poor body condition
and not responded to routine treatment and the animal died. The dead lioness was
presented to College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati for post-mortem examination On
gross examination lioness was witnessed by having bedsore and wounds on loin region
and also right shoulder region. The wounds were infested with full of maggots and were
collected for their identification. Later, the collected maggots were processed and
identified as Callitroga spp. based on morphology of the posterior spiracles.

232

[VSPP-17]

MICRO ANATOMICAL STUDIES ON THE OESOPHAGUS OF ALBINO RAT

(RATTUS NOVERGICUS)
Reddy Dhyana V, Raju NKB, Supriya B, Bhagya Lakshmi J, Amaravathi M and
Gopi Krishna B
Department of Veterinary Anatomy
College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati 517502
Micro anatomical studies were done on the oesophagus of six adult albino rats at
College of veterinary Science, Tirupati. Immediately after collection samples were fixed
in 10% neutral buffered formalin and processed as per routine histological techniques.
We observed that the wall of oesophagus consisted of four layers viz., tunica mucosa,
tunica submucosa, tunica muscularis and tunica serosa from inward to outward. The
tunica mucosa was made up of stratified squamous non keratinised epithelium. The
lamina propria and sub mucosa blended with each other and formed propria
submucosa. The propria submucosa consisted of collagen, reticular and elastic fibres.
The tunica muscularis was thick and made up of skeletal muscles which were arranged
in different directions. The tunica serosa consisted loose connective tissue with little
amount of collagen, elastic and reticular fibres.

233

[VSPP-18]

MASTITIS IN BUFFALOES A HOMEOPATHIC THERAPY

Soma Sekhar Reddy B1*, Bhakthavatchalam S2, Sudhakara Reddy B3 and
Nagendra Reddy T4
Mastitis is a contagious disease which causes severe economic loss to the farmers. Study
was conducted on the cases presented to the College of Veterinary Science, Proddatur
and surrounding dispensaries around the Proddatur. Buffaloes which were showing
changes in the milk were incorporated in the present study. Milk was collected from the
suspected buffaloes and processed by the CMT and other diagnostic methods for
confirmation of mastitis. Microbiological examination of milk was done. Sixteen mastitis
affected buffaloes were divided into two different groups for therapeutic trail. Group-A
was treated with routine antibiotics and supportive therapy. Group-B was treated with
the same therapy as in the group A and additionally homeopathic medicines for
additional option. Comparison of the both the groups will be discussed.

234

[VSPP-19]

MORTALITY DUE TO HEAVY TICK INFESTATION IN A HEIFER A REPORT

Venu R, Suresh S, Srilatha Ch* and Rama devi P
Dept. of Veterinary Parasitology
*Dept. of Veterinary Pathology
College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati - 517 502, A.P
Ticks are economically the most important ectoparasites of livestock. They cause
great economic losses to livestock production in terms of reduction in live weight
and quality of hides, anaemia and even mortality because of tick-worry and blood
loss. Apart from them they also act as potential vector for haemo-protozoan
parasites. Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus is a one host cattle tick widely prevalent
in tropical countries like India, where the warm, humid climate favours its
perpetuation and propagation. In this paper death of a heifer associated with heavy
tick infestation was reported. A dead heifer from a local farm, near Tirupati was
presented to the College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati for post-mortem
examination with the history of weakness, off-fed, lethargy, finally progressed to
recumbency and death. On gross examination the carcass is emaciated, anaemic with
pale mucous membranes and numerous fully engorged and semi engorged ticks
were noticed all over the body. No other pathological lesions were noticed. These
ticks were collected in 70% alcohol. After processing the ticks were identified as
Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus based on the morphological characters like
brevirostrate mouth parts, absence of festoons, bifid first coxa and presence of
caudal process.

235

[VSPP-20]

SEVERE HORN FLY (HAEMATOBIA IRRITANS) WORRY IN A CATTLE FARM

A REPORT
Venu R, Avinash B, Sujatha K *, Rama Devi P and Chaitanya VK
Department of Veterinary Parasitology
Department of Veterinary Pathology
College of Veterinary Science, TIRUPATI-517 502, A. P.
Horn fly (Haematobiairritans) is one of the common pests of cattle and is a blood
suckingecto-parasite. The fly infestation reduces the animal performance by causing
annoyance, reduced grazing time, decreased weight gain, significant stress, and
anaemia. Apart from this the horn fly act as an intermediate host, and also mechanically
transmit the pathogens which cause anthrax, rinderpest, mastitis and surra.This paper
presents a report about the severe horn fly infestation in a farm near Vardaiapalem,
Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh. On request by the owner of the farm, it was
observed that, all the animals (n=87) with different age groups were infested with
numerous flies buzzing around the face, cervical, shoulder, legs and underneath body
region particularly at udder region of the animals. All the animals were struggling to
avoid the fly bite, restlessness and found bite marks on most of the animals body. Some
of the flies were collected and transported to the Department of Veterinary Parasitology,
College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati for their identification, The processed flies were
identified as biting flies, Haematobiairritansbased on morphological features.

236

[VSPP-21]

NANOTECHNOLOGY: PARADIGM SHIFT IN PERSPECTIVE OF NEW

PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT IMPACTING FOOD VALUE CHAIN
Ambedkar YR and Sarvesh Kumar
1Deptartment

of Livestock Production Technology, Govt.Veterinary Polytechnic College,

S.V. University, Garividu, Vizayanagaram

2Department

of Marketing & Supply Chain Management, School of Business &

Management Studies, Central University Of Himachal Pradesh, District: Kangra,

Himachal Pradesh
Correspondence: rram17844@gmail.com
Food is the primary need of human being which is the outcome of different agricultural
activities. An opportune time as agriculture is facing several challenges driven by
climate change, degradation and depletion of land and water resources, use of food for
fuel, and ever-increasing human population. Nanotechnology as new technology for
existing problem is being seen as future hope; during this challenging period, it is
important for us to engage all stakeholders in constant dialogue in order to make the
offering of Bio-Nanotechnology commercially viable.

Amalgamation of this

Nanotechnologys product as offering to the market needs process innovation and

product innovation. These changes present both opportunities and challenges to
industries like food processing, pharmaceuticals, agro-industries, etc. The potential of
new technology certainly reconfigure the processes involved in product development,
reconfiguring the entire supply chain impacting food value chain. Nanotechnology
based products and the firms making these products should be considered as a sun
rising industry having huge untapped potential thus envisaging a tremendous growth
potential. The Nanotechnology based industry in India can play a decisive role in
augmenting the value addition in the agri-food supply chain.

237

[VSPP-22]

NANOTECHNOLOGY-A POTENTIAL TOOL FOR TARGETING CANCER

CELLS
Rajeswary P*, Varalaxmi S, Vidyavathi M
Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Sri Padmavati Mahila Visvavidyalayam,
Tirupati, A.P
Correpondence: rajeswary0830@gmail.com
Nanotechnology is a branch of science which deals with design, characterisation,
production and application of structures, devices and systems by controlling shape
and size at a nanometer scale. Nanotechnology is being applied to almost every field
of scientific research, including pharmaceutical, medical, chemical, engineering,
electronics, magnetics, optics, information technology, materials development and
biomedicineapplications.Vast developments in nanotechnology have enabled new
research strategies in the field of drug delivery. Considerable interest is focused on
synthesis of nanoparticles as effective drug carriers. There are a wide variety of
nanoscale tools developed for application in medicine. Among which nanoparticles
are revolutionizing in the field of drug delivery.Nanocarriers have modified to
enhance the therapeutic efficacy of a drug, to control the release, stability, to prolong
the circulation time of a drug, protecting it from elimination by phagocytic cells or
premature degradation. These nanocarriers are prepared by dissolving thedrug,
dispersed, attached, adsorbed or encapsulated by polymers which may be synthetic,
semisynthetic or biodegradable. Due to their small size have high penetrating power
and interaction with biomolecules both on the surface of and inside the cells. Cancer
is a broad term given to a group of diseases all involving the unregulated growth of
cells. The effectiveness of anticancer agents may be hindered by low solubility in
water, poor permeability, and high efflux from cells. Hence nanotechnology has
proved a potential toolfor cancer diagnosis and therapy. Nanotechnology has ability
to overcome current obstacles in cancer therapies, because of its unique size and
large surface-to-volume ratios. Nanotechnology can also be used to target certain
tissues because of their size and/or their physico-chemical properties. There are
some examples of nanocarriers discussed in this review for treatment of cancer are
Phthalocyanine(dye) nanoparticles, Mercaptopurine gold nanoparticles, Paclitaxel
PLGAnanoparticles, Cisplatin-loaded PLGA- monomethoxy PEG nanoparticles,
Methotrexate gold nanoparticles, Imatinib mesylate nanoparticles etc.

238

[VSPP-23]
MOLECULAR DETECTION AND CONTROL OF SALMONELLA IN

ANIMAL FEEDS
Sravanthi M1, Eswaraprasad P, Padmaja K and Sreenivasulu D
Department of Veterinary Biochemistry
College of veterinary Science, Proddatur-516360 (A.P)
Salmonellosis is one of the most common infectious diseases in both animals and
humans. Animal feed and feed ingredients have been shown to be a major source of
infection to animals. Present study has been focussed to rapidly detect and control the
pathogenic strains of Salmonella in feed samples. A total of 109 samples have been
collected and tested, out of which, 7 (6.42%) samples were found positive for Salmonella
by culture and PCR targeting fimA gene. Salmonella positive feed samples were subjected
to formaldehyde treatment, UV treatment and sun drying. All the three methods were
found effective in reducing Salmonella levels in feed samples.

239

[VSPP-24]

TRANSPOSON REPROGRAMMING OF MURINE FIBROBLASTS INTO

INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS
Talluri TR1*, Kumar D2, Glage S3, Garrels W3, Ivics Z4, Debowski K5, Behr
R5, Kues WA6
1Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut,

Institut fr Nutztiergenetik, Neustadt, Germany; National

Research Center on Equines, Bikaner, India.
2Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institut fr Nutztiergenetik, Neustadt, Germany; Central
Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, India.
3Medical School Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
4Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, Langen, Germany.
5German Primate Center, Gttingen, Germany.
6Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Institut fr Nutztiergenetik, Neustadt, Germany.
Correspondence: wilfried.kues@fli.bund.de

Reprogramming of a fully differentiated cell to its native or unspecialized state holds a

great promise in the field of regenerative medicine as well as in the therapeutic science.
The generation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells represents a promising approach
for innovative cell therapies. The original method requires viral transduction of several
reprogramming factors, which may be associated with an increased risk of insertional
mutagenesis and tumorogenicity. Transposition of reprogramming cassettes represents
a recent alternative to viral approaches. Since binary transposons can be produced as
common plasmids they provide a safe and cost-efficient alternative to viral delivery
methods. Here, we compared the efficiency of two different transposon systems, namely
Sleeping Beauty (SB) and piggyBac (PB), for the generation of murine iPS from different
genetic backgrounds. Murine fibroblasts derived from an inbred BL/6 mouse line
carrying a pluripotency reporter, Oct4-EGFP, and fibroblasts derived from outbred
NMRI mice were employed for reprogramming. Both transposon systems resulted in the
successful isolation of murine iPS cell lines. The reduction of the core reprogramming
factors to omit the proto-oncogene c-Myc was compatible with iPS cell line derivation,
albeit with reduced reprogramming efficiencies. The transposon-derived iPS cells
featured typical hallmarks of pluripotency, including teratoma growth in
immunodeficient mice. Thus SB and PB transposons represent a promising non-viral
approach for iPS cell derivation.

240

[VSPP-25]

A STUDY ON RELEASE OF MINERALS IN GROUNDNUT HAULM BASED

COMPLETE DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH ORGANIC AND INORGANIC
MINERAL SOURCES BY IN SACCO METHOD IN STEERS
Sudha rani K1, Ramana JV, Devasena B, Ravi A and Sudhakara Reddy P2
1Department

of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati-517 502.

2Registrar,

Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Tirupati

Mineral supplementation is often expensive and could lead to excessive excretion or

poor utilization by the animal. The bioavailability of a mineral is defined as the
proportion of the ingested element that is absorbed, transported to its site of action and
converted to a physiologically active form. Knowledge about the bioavailability of the
minerals will help in providing the animals with the required minerals in the optimum
quantity and right proportion. A study was carried out to evaluate the effect of organic
and inorganic mineral supplementation to groundnut haulm (GNH) based complete
diets on mineral release by in Sacco method. A basal complete diet was prepared with
GNH and concentrate mixture (8% maize, 10% soybean meal, 21.5% deoiled rice bran
and 0.5% salt) in 60: 40 ratio. The basal diet was treated as control (T1) and three more
diets were prepared by supplementing basal diet with commercial mineral mixture (T 2),
inorganic mineral supplements (T3) and organic mineral supplements (T4). The
commercial mineral mixture was added at the rate of 1.5% in T2 diet by adjusting the
deoiled rice bran to 20%. The inorganic mineral supplements were added at the rate of
26.4g (8.3g ZnSO4, 4.0g CuSO4 and 14.0 g MnSO4) in the T3 diet. The organic mineral
supplements were added at the rate of 72g (12g Zn-P, 10 g Cu-P and 50g Mn-P) in the T4
diet. The In Sacco mineral release of Cu, Mn and Zn from experimental diets showed that
the disappearance % was higher in commercial mineral mixture supplemented diet
followed by organic mineral supplemented diet, and then in-organic mineral
supplemented diet. The In Sacco copper, manganese and zinc release from feed
ingredients revealed that copper disappearance (%) was higher in all the feed
ingredients followed by Mn and Zn. The NDF degradability also increased with increase in
incubation time. A correlation was drawn between in Sacco mineral release and NDF
degradability of the treatment diets. Significant (P<0.01) positive correlation was observed
between the NDF degradability and mineral release in the rumen. It can be concluded that
the organic mineral supplements were better bio-available than the inorganic mineral
supplements.

241

[VSPP-26]

VITAL ROLE OF E- JOURNAL DATABASES IN SRI VENKATESWARA

VETERINARY COLLEGE LIBRARIES: AN OVERVIEW
K.Kumar1, Z.Naveen2, S.K.Gurunatha Reddy3
1Dept.

of Library and Information Science, 2Dept. of Livestock Products Technology,

3Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary Science,
Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Prodatur-516360
Correspondence: kumarkkutty@gmail.com

The sprawling cost of print journals, Information providing and Information

seeking community forced to look for cost effective and reliable means of
Information dissemination. Among other resources, electronic journals occupy a
prominent place in digital libraries by providing access to online full- text
Information. The Internet has rapidly become a global publishing platform, and
electronic journals covering a wide range of subject areas are available of electronic
resource now. This article examines the significant role of e-journal databases in
veterinary college library users of Andhra Pradesh. The objective of survey is to
analysis overall satisfaction level of library users on various databases of electronic
journals. It is observed form the survey that 79.70% users are satisfied with J-Gate,
while 65% express their satisfactory level towards Elseviers Science Direct.

242

[VSPP-27]
APPLICATION OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN ANIMAL SCIENCES

Swapna G1, Sukumar K2, Girija Shankar V3,Hemalatha V4 and Kaladhar Babu K5
1College

of Veterinary Science, Korutla , 2(Pl.Br), AICRP on Soybean, ARS, Adilabad

Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, 4College of Agriculture, R. Nagar,

Hyderabad, 5College of Horticulture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad
Correspondence: drswapnavet74@gmail.com

Nanotechnology is believed to revolutionize the science and society with its novel
applications. It is defined as understanding and control of mater at dimensions of
roughly 1 to 100nm where unique phenomena enable novel applications (U.S. National
Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI)). Uniqueness in nanomaterials includes greater
penetrability, reactivity, surface area, and quantum properties due to their size. These
properties can allow for the use of less material and new or more efficient chemical and
physical reactions in comparison to larger scale materials. Nanotechnology not only
helps to detect, bind, removal of pathogens in poultry but also alert the milk producers
about foot and mouth disease with the aid of nano based detector. Veterinary
nanotechnology helps in improved diagnosis and treatment delivery systems provide
novel tools for molecular and cellular breeding, identity preservation of animal history
from birth to a consumers table, the security of animal food products, diet to nutrient
uptake and utilization, modification of animal waste as expelled from the animal,
pathogen detection. Miniature device will be implanted in animal system that samples
saliva and other body fluids at regular intervals and alerts the farmer or the veterinarian
to take up early control measures thus minimizes the health hazards. Nanotechnology is
currently employed in the treatment of African animal trypanosomosis. It opens new
vistas in development of a new drug delivery system against diaminazene (DMZ) a
trypanocidal drug registered for veterinary use. Hence, molecular diagnostics and
therapeutics should be combined with nanotechnology to boost the efficiency in the
diagnosis and treatment of animal diseases

243

[VSPP-28]
ROLE OF QUALITY PROTEIN MAIZE (QPM) IN MEETING NUTRITIONAL

REQUIREMENTS OF POULTRY AND RABBITS

Swapna G1, Sukumar K2, Kaladhar Babu K3, Sreedhar Chauhan, Girija Shankar V4,
Swarnalatha V5 , Hemalatha V6, Kumar G7, Pedababu B8, Raghu B9 and Ramesh R10
1 College

of Veterinary Science, Korutla 2 (Pl.Br), AICRP on Soybean, ARS, Adilabad

3College

of Horticulture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, 4 Department of Science and

Technology, New Delhi, 5 (Pl.Br ), MRC, R. Nagar, Hyderabad, 6College of

Agriculture, R. Nagar, Hyderabad, 7ARS, Adilabad, 8College of Horticulture, Mojerla
9 Seed

Officer, Nizamabad, 10, Dept. of Plant Physiology, College of Agriculture,

R.Nagar, Hyderabad.
Correspondence: drswapnavet74@gmail.com

Maize (Zea mays L) is an important cereal crop which is a major source of food and
can be treated as king of feed ingredients. It is a good source of carbohydrates, fats,
proteins and some of the important vitamins and minerals. Developing countries
derive their protein and calorie requirements primarily from maize. Quality protein
maize (QPM) which contains twice the lysine and tryptophan of normal maize is a
good source of food for poultry, piggery and also for rabbits. It is a tremendous
source of energy supplement and contributing up to 30 percent protein, 60 percent
energy and 90 percent starch in animal diet. About 70-80 percent of maize
production is used as a feed ingredient in the world. Normal maize contains 8-9 %
protein but deficient in two essential amino acids, lysine and tryptophan that are
required for monogastric animals. Hence, utilization of quality protein maize (QPM)
can correct this deficiency and may be advantageous in the diets of livestock, and
monogastric animals in particular. Maize is the main source of energy in the feed
rations of both broilers and layers .It is outstanding feed being high in energy and
easily digested by most livestock species. It provides a critical feed ingredient in
monogastric diets particularly poultry. Most commercial broilers bred for meat reach
slaughter weight at between 5 to 7 weeks of age, although slower growing strains
reach slaughter weight at approximately 14 weeks of age. Broiler chickens are most
efficient converters of feed into animal protein. QPM in poultry diet improved
growth performance of broilers and resulted in higher weight gains than normal
maize. QPM based diet had higher live weight gain and lower feed consumption
However, replacement of Normal Maize with QPM increased the egg production
and improved feed efficiency in laying hen. Also, in rabbits, higher the level of QPM
fed the better the feed efficiency. Body weight gains increase with increased level of
QPM in the diet which is mainly attributed to increased nutrient intake and
utilization. Feed to gain ratios was better on the QPM-based diets, indicating that
lower amounts of the QPM diets were consumed and converted to meat. This
reveals that QPM is superior in feed efficiency than normal maize variety.

244

[VSPP-29]
STUDIES ON PROXIMATE COMPOSITION OF CHICKEN MEAT CHIPS

Devalakshmi N, Prabhakara Reddy K and Nagamallika E

Department of Livestock Products Technology, N.T.R.College of Veterinary Science,
Gannavaram, Krishna (District) Andhara Pradesh

An investigation was carried out to study the incorporation of partially cooked and
raw chicken meat in the preparation of chips by extending with cooked and mashed
potato, Bengal gram flour and black gram flour each at 15 % level. The fresh
samples, as well as those stored under ambient (37C) and refrigeration (7C) were
evaluated for quality characteristics. The formulations extended with Bengal gram
flour and black gram flour each at 15 % level recorded significantly (P<0.01) lower
per cent moisture, ether extract and higher per cent crude protein contents than
those of the control samples. Whereas the formulation extended with 15 % cooked
and mashed potato resulted in significantly (P<0.01) higher per cent moisture, lower
per cent crude protein and ether extract contents than those of the control samples.
The chicken meat chips made with partially cooked meat recorded significantly
(P<0.01) lower per cent moisture and higher per cent crude protein contents than
those of raw meat chips. Storage of chicken meat chips for 8 weeks period at both
ambient (37C) and refrigeration (7C) conditions resulted in significantly (P<0.01)
increase in the per cent moisture and decrease in crude protein and ether extract
contents.

245