Panipat

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article is about the municipality in India. For its namesake district, see Panipat district.

Panipat

Metropolitan city

Panipat
Location in Haryana, India

Coordinates:
Country
State
District
Area
Total
Elevation
Population (2011)
Total
Density
Languages
Official
Time zone
PIN
Telephone code

29.39N 76.97ECoordinates:
29.39N 76.97E
India
Haryana
Panipat
64 km2 (25 sq mi)
219 m (719 ft)
442,277
6,900/km2 (18,000/sq mi)
hindi
IST (UTC+5:30)
132103
0180

Vehicle registration

HR 06

Panipat pronunciation (helpinfo) (Hindi: ) is an ancient and historic city in Panipat

district, Haryana state, India. It is 90 km north from Delhi and 169 km south of Chandigarh on
NH-1. The battles fought at the city in 1526, 1556 and 1761 were turning points in Indian
history. The city is famous in India by the name of "City of Weaver". The first verse of the
Bhagavad Gita is possibly referencing to Panipat as 'Dharmakshetra'

Contents

1 History

2 Geography

3 Demographics

4 Industries

5 Transport

6 Places Of Interest
o 6.1 Panipat Museum
o 6.2 Hemu's Samadhi Sthal
o 6.3 Grave of Ibrahim Lodhi
o 6.4 Kabuli Bagh
o 6.5 Shri Devi Temple
o 6.6 Kala Amb
o 6.7 Salar Gunj Gate

7 Panipat Elevated Expressway

8 Education institutions in Panipat

o 8.1 Schools

9 General Colleges Of Education

o 9.1 Engineering colleges & Management Colleges

o 9.2 Distance Education/Career Consultant

10 Gallery

11 References

12 External links

History

Statue of the Hindu Emperor of India, Samrat Hem Chandra Vikramaditya, at Panipat, who lost
his life in the Second Battle of Panipat
Main articles: Battle of Panipat (1526), Battle of Panipat (1556) and Battle of Panipat (1761)
According to the legend, Panipat was one of the five cities (prasthas) founded by the Pandava
brothers during the times of the Mahabharata; its historic name being Panduprastha. Panipat was
the scene of three pivotal battles in the Indian history. Panipat is first recorded in the
Mahabharata as one of the 5 villages that the Pandavas demanded from Duryodhana. The five
villages are the "panch pat"

Padavaprastha (Now known as Panipat)

Sonaprastha (Now known as Sonipat)

Indraprastha (Now known as Delhi)

Bahakprastha (Now known as Baghpat)

Tilprastha (Now known as Tilpat)

The First Battle of Panipat was fought on 21 April 1526 between Ibrahim Lodhi, the Afghan
Sultan of Delhi, and the Turco-Mongol warlord Babur, who later established Mughal rule in
Northern Indian subcontinent. Babur's force defeated Ibrahim's much larger force of over one
lakh (one hundred thousand) soldiers. This First battle of Panipat thus ended the 'Lodi Rule'
established by Bahlul Lodhi in Delhi.
The Second Battle of Panipat was fought on 5 November 1556 between the forces of Akbar and
Samrat Hem Chandra Vikramaditya, also known as Hemu, a King of North India,[1][2] who
belonged to Rewari in Haryana and had captured the large states of Agra and Delhi defeating
Akbar's forces. This king, also known as Vikramaditya had won 22 battles against the Afghan
rebels from 15531556 from Punjab to Bengal, and had his coronation at Purana Quila in Delhi
on 7 October 1556 and had established 'Hindu Raj' in North India, before the 2nd battle of
Panipat.Hem Chandra had a large army, and initially his forces were winning, but suddenly
Hemu was struck by an arrow in the eye and he lost his senses. On not seeing him in his howdah
on the back of an elephant, his army fled. He was later captured and beheaded by the Mughals.
His head was sent to Kabul to be hanged outside Delhi Darwaza and torso was hanged outside
Purana Quila in Delhi. This Second battle of Panipat thus ended the 'Hindu Raj' established by
Hemu in north India, albeit for a short period.
The Third Battle of Panipat was fought in 1761 between the Maratha Empire and the Afghan and
Baloch invaders.

Geography
Panipat is located at 29.39N 76.97E.[3] It has an average elevation of 219 metres (718 feet).
Panipat is situated on G.T. road or NH-1, 90 km north of Delhi. On three sides, Panipat district
boundaries touch other districts of Haryana Karnal in the north, Jind in the west and Sonipat in
the south. Panipat district borders the state of Uttar Pradesh across the Yamuna river in the east.
Panipat was a part of Karnal district until 31 October 1989. It was separated from Karnal, along
with another subdivision, the Assandh tehsil. When the district was re-formed on 1 January
1992, the Assandh tehsil was excluded. The newly constructed flyover across the Grand Trunk
Road completed in the year 2008 is one of the longest flyovers in India.[citation needed]

Demographics

As per provisional data of 2011 census Panipat urban agglomeration had a population of
442,277, out of which males were 237,006 and females were 205,271. The literacy rate was
81.75 per cent.[4]

Industries
Panipat is a city of textiles and carpets. It is the biggest center for quality blankets and carpets in
India and has a handloom weaving industry. In addition, Panipat city is the biggest centre of
"Shoddy Yarn" in the World. Blankets prepared through Handloom and Power loom are sent to
soldiers. The Samalkha subdivision of this district is famous for Foundry of Agriculture
instruments. In this way, this district, which is continuously developing on the industrial base,
has an unlimited employment capacity. Not only from Haryana but Businessmen and Engineers
and unemployed worker artist Weavers and labour from other states of India visit here in search
of employment and settle here permanently.[5]
Panipat also has heavy industry, with a refinery of the Indian Oil Corporation, a Panipat Thermal
Power station (plant) Corporation (h.p.g.c.l.)and a National Fertilizers Limited plant.
Some salient features of industry in Panipat include:

Three major public sector projects: the Indian Oil Corporation oil refinery, the
National Fertilizers Limited plant and the thermal power station.

Biggest centre in the country for producing shoddy (recycled) yarn, and a large
consumer of rags for reprocessing.

Biggest centre in the country for producing low priced blankets, a traditional
supplier of barrack blankets to the armed forces.

Biggest centre in the country engaged in export of cotton durries, made-ups,

throws and mats.

Samalkha, a small town near Panipat, is known for foundry work and supply of
agricultural machinery to neighbouring Uttar Pradesh.

Relatively high wages compared to the Indian national average a worker earns
Rs.100/- to 250/- per day on Handloom/ Powerloom.

The town has infrastructure such as rail, road and inland container depots well
suited to industry and export.

It has Many Textile Courses and one of the main institute is Institute of Practical
Textile Training (IPTT), Branch of SRSK Group.

First Naphtha Cracker Plant Of Indian Oil.

First plant of Indian Synthetic Rubber Limited (ISRL)

There are various dealers of blankets:- Shree Shyam Texo Fabs(authorized distributor of Renova
brand of ludhiana and dealer of Golden Texo fab pvt ltd.)

Transport

Panipat railway station is on Delhi-Kalka line.transportation is good in Panipat .

Places Of Interest
The main places of attraction are

Panipat Museum

Hemu 'Samadhi Sthal'(Village Sodhapur)

The grave of Ibrahim Lodhi

The dargah (mausoleum or shrine) of the 13th century sufi saint Bu Ali Shah Qalandar

Kabuli Bagh

Shri Devi Mandir

Kala Amb

Shri Ram Sharnam

Salar Gunj Gate

Insaar Bazaar

Shopping Malls in Panipat

Gandhi Park and Library at Quila

Panipat Museum
The Battle of Panipat Memorial society set-up by the Government of Haryana, highlights the
major events that took place for over two hundred years which made Panipat a place of great
historical importance.

Panipat Museum has been especially established for disseminating information about
archaeology, history, art and crafts of Haryana with special emphasis on the Battles of Panipat
which marked the turning point in Indian history, The display of antiquities, inscription,
sculptures, arms and armours, Pottery, old and valuable documents, jewellery and art and craft
objects, have been augumented by maps, writeups photographs and translides, etc. Through
display an attempt has been made to provide an insight into the acts of bravery of some valiant
and patriotic Maratha warriors who sacrificed their lives at Panipat. These include, Samrat Hem
Chandra Vikramaditya-a local hero who belonged to Haryana, Raja Surja Mal of Bharatpur,
Vikramaditya (Vikramajit) of Gwalior, Maharaja of Patiala, Sher Shar SURI, Sadashiv Rao
Bhau, Vishwas Rao Peshwa, and Tukuj Shinde. Enlarged photographs of a large number of
important miniatures, mostly from Babur-Nama and Akbar-Nama, relating to these battles and
personalities connected therewith, have been obtained from the National Museum of New Delhi,
The British Library, Victoria and Albert Museum of London. A Large number of contemporary
weapons, armoury, guns, etc. have been acquired through loan from the Archaeological Survey
of India, The Department of Archaeology and Museums, Haryana is also associated with this
project, has donated a large number of items for display in this Museum. These include replicas
of a large number of artifacts in the form of status, pottery, coins, etc. which were collected from
the excavated sites in Haryana besides a number of blow-ups of building and sites of historical
and archaeological importance. In addition, a large number of items of traditional art have been
procured from various districts of haryana with the help of District Administration which exhibit
a glimpse of haryanas traditional art.

Hemu's Samadhi Sthal

After Hemu's beheading at the Camp of Akbar at Sodhapur on Jind Road at Panipat, his head
was sent to Kabul to be hanged outside the 'Delhi Darwaza' and his torso was hanged on a gibbet
outside Purana Quila in Delhi to terrorise locals. After few years Hemu's supporters, constructed
a Samadhi over the place where he was beheaded. The place and its surroundings are slowly
encroached upon by local people. This is the only memorial of Hemu in Panipat, but in bad
condition.

Grave of Ibrahim Lodhi

The tomb is situated near a Tehsil Office at Panipat.Ibrahim Lodhi fought fiercely with Babur, in
the battle known to us today as the "First Battle of Panipat" and was slain and buried at this
place. It was one of Sher Shah Suris dying regret that he could never fulfill his intention of
erecting a tomb to the fallem monarch. Much later, the British erected a plain platform over the
place, with a short Urdu inscription on it.
Another memorial of some kind, however, appears to have existed which used to form a place of
pilgrimage for the people of Gwalior since Vikramaditya the last Raja of the old Towrebs
dynasty of Gwalior, fell in the same battle. This memorial, according to general Cunningham,
was destroyed when the Grand Trunk Road was made.

Kabuli Bagh

The garden of Kabuli Bagh along with a mosque and a tank was built by Babur after the First
battle to commemorate his victory over Ibrahim Lodhi. Some years later when Humayun
defeated Salem Shah near Panipat, he added a masonry Platform to it and called it Chabutra"
Fateh Mubarak, bearing the inscription 934 Hijri (A.D.1557). These buildings and the garden
still exist under the name of Kabuli Bagh called so after Baburs wife Mussammat Kabuli
begum.

Shri Devi Temple

A temple dedicated to local deity exists on the bank of a large tank. A Shiva temple believed to
have been built by a Maratha warrior named Mangal Raghunath who had remained in Panipat
after the battle, also exists besides it.

Kala Amb
According to the tradition, the site 8 Kilometers from Panipat and 42 Kilometers from Karnal,
where Sadashiv Rao Bhau commanded his Maratha forces during the third battle of Panipat was
marked by a black Mango Tree (Kala Amb) which has since disappeared. The dark colour of its
foliage was probably the origin of the name. The site has a brick Pillar with an iron rod and the
structure is surrounded by an iron fence. The site is being developed and beautified by a society
with Governor, Haryana as its President. Rod Maratha community of Haryana organise a
programme every year in memory of Maratha warriors on the day of 14 January at kala aamb in
which lots of people participate from Haryana, Maharashtra and other Maratha states.
The countryside is no less famous than the city of Panipat remnants of various buildings and
structure along with galical and archaeological interest.

Salar Gunj Gate

This gate is situated in the middle of Panipat city historical importance to Nawab Salar Juge, The
gate still denoting its archaeological interest.A local market has been settled around this gate.

Panipat Elevated Expressway

Main article: Panipat Elevated Expressway
Panipat Elevated Expressway six-lane 10 km (6.2 mi) expressway is now functional to decongest
the busy Delhi-Amritsar route.[18] The Panipat Expressway is an uplift of National Highway.

Education institutions in Panipat

Schools

Arya Bal Bharti Public School

Delhi Public School, Panipat Refinery

Bal Vikas School, Model Town

Bal Vikas Progressive School, Sondhapur

G.D Goenka Public School

The Millennium Public School

P.I.E.T. Sanskriti School

G.G.S. Public School, Assandh Road

Geeta Vidya Mandir School

Navyug Public School

Sanatan Dharam Vidya Mandir

St. Mary Convent School, Jyotir Nagar, Panipat

Kendriya Vidyalaya, NFL Township

Arya Girls Public School

M.A.S.D Public School

D.P.S Panipat City

Dr M.K.K Arya Model School

Rana Public School

DAV International School Thermal Township

DAV Cent. Public School,HUDA

Asian Public School

Tagore Public School

Bal Niketan Public School

Arya senior secondary school,G.t.ROAD,PANIPAT

PTPS senior secondary school

R.N. Public School

S.D Modern Sr. Sec. School

Gyan Deep public school Tehsil Town, Panipat.

LSBT Public School

I(B).L. School

S D Sr. Sec. School

S.D.V.M

S.D Boys Sr. sec . School

Ravi High School, Panipat.

Victor Public School

Guru Nanak Public School

Guru Ram Dass Sr. Sec. School

Heritage convent school

Dyal Singh Public School

Jain School

Sadanand Bal Vidya Mandir Sr. Sec. School

National Sr. Sec. School

Mount Litera School

Maharishi Vidya Niketan, Krishanpura

Shah Modern High school ward No. 9 Panipat

Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalya,Naultha

Rishikul Sr.Sec School, Arjun Nagar,Panipat

m.d sr. sec. school kabri road panipat

General Colleges Of Education

Institute of Professional Textile Technology (IPTT), Panipat

Panipat Institute of Engineering & Technology, Samalkha

NC College of Engineering, Israna (FOR BTech/MTech/MBA/PhD)

Asia Pacific Institute of Information Technology (affiliated to Staffordshire University,

U.K.)

S.D.I.T.M..

Govt. College, Bishan Swaroop Colony, Panipat

Institute Of Hotel Mannegment

Arya college

Engineering colleges & Management Colleges

D R College of Engineering and Technology, Kakoda (Israna), Panipat

NC College of Engineering, (Israna) Panipat

Geeta Engineering College, Naultha

Panipat Institute of Engineering & Technology, Samalkha

SD College of Management, Balana, Panipat

Asia Pacific Institute of information technology, Panipat

Samalkha Group of Inkjstitutions, Hathwala Road (Panipat)

S.D.I.T.M.,Israna,Panipat (Affiliated to Kurukshetra University)band

R.N.C.E.T, Madlauda, Panipat (Affiliated to Kurukshetra University)

I.B(PG) College Panipat (Affiliated to Kurukshetra University).

Institute of Professional Textile Technology (IPTT), Panipat

Distance Education/Career Consultant

Siddhi Vinayak College, Panipat [1]

Brightway Institute of Technology (BIT Panipat) [2]

Gallery

Inside the Panipat Battle field

Pillar set up in memory of the Battle of Panipat (1556)

Rail station shed at Panipat

Mural of 2nd Battle of Panipat (1556) at battle-site, Kala Amb, Panipat

'Beheading Place' of Raja Hemu at village 'Saundhapur'

References
1.
Richards, John F., ed. (1995) [1993]. The Mughal Empire. The New Cambridge History of
India (7th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 13. ISBN 9780521566032. Retrieved 2013-0529.
Kolff, Dirk H. A. (2002). Naukar, Rajput, and Sepoy: The Ethnohistory of the Military
Labour Market of Hindustan, 1450-1850. Cambridge University Press. p. 163.
ISBN 9780521523059. Retrieved 2013-05-29.
Falling Rain Genomics, Inc Panipat
"Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above". Provisional
Population Totals, Census of India 2011. Retrieved 2012-07-26.
1.

http://panipat.nic.in/introduction.htm

External links

Panipat travel guide from Wikivoyage

"Panipat". Encyclopdia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911.

Panipat City Information

http://manusays.com/gallery/panipat/index.htm

http://IPTT.yolasite.com
[show]

State of Haryana
Categories:

Panipat

Panipat district

Cities and towns in Panipat district

Haryana

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