Professional Documents
Culture Documents
TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS
1.
Successful securities analysis only identifies securities that are likely to have future stock returns below the
returns of other equity securities of similar risk.
(easy, L.O. 1, Section 1, false)
2.
The market could be efficient with respect to some, but not all, of the information in a particular
information set.
(moderate, L.O. 2, Section 2, true)
3.
We can evaluate the efficiency of the market relative to several different information sets.
(moderate, L.O. 2, Section 2, false)
4.
Price changes are not really random, but are caused by the arrival of unpredictable information.
(moderate, L.O. 3, Section 3, true)
5.
A strong-form efficient market is one in which prices reflect not only all public information per se but also
everything that can be inferred from that information.
(moderate, L.O. 3, Section 3, false)
6.
7.
A positive earnings surprise is a situation in which positive earnings are reported when the market does not
expect them.
(easy, L.O. 3, Section 3, true)
8.
Truly random prices would move without regard to relevant information or changed expectations.
(moderate, L.O. 3, Section 3, true)
9.
In theory a market whose prices are unrelated to relevant information about the underlying values of
securities is not sustainable.
(moderate, L.O. 3, Section 3, true)
10.
A graph that charts a securitys prices at certain points in time or after certain events is called a price path.
(easy, L.O. 3, Section 3, true)
11.
In an efficient market, investors will continue a buy/sell process until they believe the prices of securities
are correct.
If a market reflects a certain piece of information, then only certain individuals can profit from knowledge
of that information.
(moderate, L.O. 5, Section 5, false)
13.
An investor who expects investments to earn returns greater than the market average will be inclined to do
fundamental analysis.
(moderate, L.O. 6, Section 5, false)
14.
15.
17.
The efficient market hypothesis argues that securities are always priced correctly. However, many
researchers believe that on occasion there are mispricings in the marketplace. For an analyst to identify and
trade on these mispricings, the analyst:
a. must be smarter than most everyone
b. must be faster to react to information than most everyone
c. must be able to act in a more cost effective manner than most everyone
d. All of the answers above are correct.
(easy, L.O. 1, Section 1, d)
18.
Market prices that only reflect the trading volume and prior price patterns of stocks are considered:
a. abnormal returns
b. weak-form efficient
c. semistrong-form efficient
d. strong-form efficient
(moderate, L.O. 2, Section 2, b)
19.
To evaluate market efficiency, an information set must be specified. By definition, a securities market is
considered efficient with respect to a set of information if:
a. market prices reflect all past stock information
b. market prices reflect a situation in which abnormal returns occur
c. prices in the market reflect that information
d. market prices reflect all publicly available information
(difficult, L.O. 2, Section 2, c)
20.
10
21.
Which type of information given below would not originate from a public source?
a. a press release announcing a merger
b. two members of a board of directors discuss a possible dividend increase
c. trading volume
d. market share
(easy, L.O. 2, Section 2, b)
22.
23.
We define efficiency in terms of the kind of information incorporated in price. This statement implies:
a. prices do not reflect expectations for the future
b. future price movements will be predictable
c. future price movements will appear to fluctuate randomly
d. the expectations used are biased
(moderate, L.O. 3, Section 3, c)
24.
25.
26.
11
27.
One mechanism that forces prices to efficient levels in an efficient market is:
a. investors placing buy orders
b. investors placing sell orders
c. investors continually reevaluate the relationship between price and their desire for the security
d. All of the above answers are correct.
(easy, L.O. 4, Section 4, d)
28.
29.
The concept of comparative advantage has two implications for security analysis. One is that primarily
those who have some comparative advantage will do security analysis. Another implication is that:
a. passive investors will do whatever kind of analysis gives them a comparative advantage
b. analysts will do whatever kind of analysis gives them a comparative advantage
c. passive investors holding mutual funds have a comparative advantage
d. passive investors holding index funds have a comparative advantage
(moderate, L.O. 5, Section 5, b)
30.
31.
The kinds of activities an analyst perceives to be most profitable will depend on the relationship between
the analysts beliefs and approach to investing. An analyst who believes the market may be inefficient and
attempts to earn higher than normal returns has adopted:
a. a technical analysis approach to the market
b. a fundamental analysis approach to the market
c. a passive investment strategy
d. an active investment strategy
(moderate, L.O. 6, Section 5, d)
32.
The analysis of an individual firm or a cross-sectional analysis of a portfolio of companies is referred to as:
a. technical analysis
b. fundamental analysis
c. passive investment analysis
d. active investment analysis
(easy, L.O. 6, Section 5, b)
33.
A situation in which a contradictory factor appears to predict a stocks future returns is known as a:
a. cross-sectional anomaly
b. pre-earnings announcement drift
c. stock price anomaly
d. behavioral finance analysis
(easy, L.O. 7, Section 6, c)
34.
Cross-sectional tests have found evidence to suggest that there are systematic mispricings of equities in the
United States. It has been documented that:
a. there is no relationship between different returns associated with different calendar months
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Behavioral finance is a field of literature that attempts to explain inefficient prices with psychology. This
literature argues that:
a. people often make decisions incorrectly
b. researchers who believe in inefficiencies also say relationships between information and subsequent
stock returns can be explained by econometric errors or by luck
c. fundamental analysis is invalid
d. cross-sectional testing is invalid
(moderate, L.O. 7, Section 6, a)
36.
One result of the research of Bernard and Thomas concerning post-earnings announcement drift is that their
analysis predicts:
a. positive abnormal returns in the three quarters following good news and negative abnormal returns in
the fourth quarter after good news
b. positive abnormal returns in the four quarters following good news
c. negative abnormal returns in the three quarters following good news and positive abnormal returns in
the fourth quarter after good news
d. negative abnormal returns in the four quarters following bad news
(moderate, L.O. 7, Section 6, a)
ESSAYS
37.
Identify and discuss the three levels of market efficiency proposed by Eugene Fama.
Suggested solution:
Fama created a model of three levels of market efficiency based on information specified in a certain set
that is available to those markets. The three levels are:
Weak-form efficient
Semistrong-form efficient
Strong-form efficient
A weak-form efficient market is a market in which prices reflect only past stock price information. This
means that the current price of a stock incorporates only relevant information from the past. Current
information or future estimates are not considered. The types of relevant information from the past include
trading volumes and prior price patterns.
A market that reflects not only past stock price information but also all publicly available information is
known as semistrong-form efficient. Publicly available information includes such items as corporate
earnings and security analysis reports, newspaper and magazine articles, SEC filings, Internet postings and
opinions, and rumors. If a market is semistrong-form efficient, it is automatically weak-form efficient as
well, since all relevant information from the past is available currently to the public.
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A strong-form efficient market is one in which prices reflect all information, both from public as well as
private sources. This means that all publicly available information, relevant past information, and private
information that may be known only to a few individuals is included in the information set. Examples of
such private information include undisclosed dividend increases and new product information. Again, a
strong-form efficient market is also by definition semistrong- and weak-form efficient as well.
Such levels of market evaluation are based with respect to a certain set of information. A market may only
react to certain public information, while ignoring other public information, which means that the market is
not perfectly semistrong-form efficient. Since markets as such may not react to all available information, an
analysis must be made relative to only a particular set of information.
(moderate, L.O. 2, Section 2)
38.
39.
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