Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Technologies
Version 3.1
Vinay Jonnakuti
Chuan Liu
Eric Pun
Donald Robertson
Tom Zhao
Contents
Preface.............................................................................................................................. 5
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
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13
15
17
17
18
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FCIP Configurations
Brocade FCIP .....................................................................................
Configuration settings...............................................................
Brocade FCIP Tunnel settings..................................................
Rules and restrictions................................................................
References ...................................................................................
Cisco FCIP ..........................................................................................
Configuration settings...............................................................
Notes............................................................................................
Basic guidelines..........................................................................
Rules and restrictions................................................................
References ...................................................................................
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Contents
Chapter 3
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Preface
Preface
All of the matrices, including the ESM (which does not include most
software), are subsets of the E-Lab Interoperability Navigator
database. Included under this tab are:
http://www.emc.com/products/interoperability/topology-resource-center.htm
Preface
This TechBook was authored by Vinay Jonnakuti and Eric Pun, along
with other EMC engineers, EMC field personnel, and partners.
Vinay Jonnakuti is a Sr. Corporate Systems Engineer in the Unified
Storage division of EMC focusing on VNX and VNXe products,
working on pre-sales deliverables including collateral, customer
presentations, customer beta testing and proof of concepts. Vinay has
been with EMC's for over 6 years. Prior to his current position, Vinay
worked in EMC E-Lab leading the qualification and architecting of
solutions with WAN-Optimization appliances from various partners
with various replication technologies, including SRDF (GigE/FCIP),
SAN-Copy, MirrorView, VPLEX, and RecoverPoint. Vinay also
worked on Fibre Channel and iSCSI qualification on the VMAX
Storage arrays.
Chuan Liu is a Senior Systems Integration Engineer with more than 6
years of experience in the telecommunication industry. After joining
EMC, he worked in E-Lab qualifying IBM/HP/Cisco blade switches
and WAN Optimization products. Currently, Chuan focuses on
qualifying SRDF with FCIP/GigE technologies used in the setup of
different WAN Optimization products.
Eric Pun is a Senior Systems Integration Engineer and has been with
EMC for over 13 years. For the past several years, Eric has worked in
E-lab qualifying interoperability between Fibre Channel switched
hardware and distance extension products. The distance extension
technology includes DWDM, CWDM, OTN, FC-SONET, FC-GbE,
FC-SCTP, and WAN Optimization products. Eric has been a
contributor to various E-Lab documentation, including the SRDF
Connectivity Guide.
Donald Robertson is a Senior Systems Integration Engineer and has
held various engineering positions in the storage industry for over 18
years. As part of the EMC E-Lab team, Don leads the qualification
and architecting of solutions with WAN-Optimization appliances
from various partners using various replication technologies,
including SRDF (GigE/FCIP), VPLEX, RecoverPoint.
Preface
Typographical conventions
EMC uses the following type style conventions in this document.
Bold
Italic
Monospace
Use for:
System output, such as an error message or script
System code
Pathnames, filenames, prompts, and syntax
Commands and options
Monospace italic
Monospace bold
[]
{}
...
Preface
Product information
For documentation, release notes, software updates, or for
information about EMC products, licensing, and service, go to the
EMC Online Support site (registration required) at:
https://support.EMC.com
Technical support
EMC offers a variety of support options.
Support by Product EMC offers consolidated, product-specific
information on the Web at:
https://support.EMC.com/products
The Support by Product web pages offer quick links to
Documentation, White Papers, Advisories (such as frequently used
Knowledgebase articles), and Downloads, as well as more dynamic
content, such as presentations, discussion, relevant Customer
Support Forum entries, and a link to EMC Live Chat.
EMC Live Chat Open a Chat or instant message session with an
EMC Support Engineer.
eLicensing support
To activate your entitlements and obtain your Symmetrix license files,
visit the Service Center on https://support.EMC.com, as directed on
your License Authorization Code (LAC) letter e-mailed to you.
For help with missing or incorrect entitlements after activation (that
is, expected functionality remains unavailable because it is not
licensed), contact your EMC Account Representative or Authorized
Reseller.
For help with any errors applying license files through Solutions
Enabler, contact the EMC Customer Support Center.
If you are missing a LAC letter, or require further instructions on
activating your licenses through the Online Support site, contact
EMC's worldwide Licensing team at licensing@emc.com or call:
Preface
10
1
Network and
Deployment
Topologies and
Implementations
Overview .............................................................................................
Network topologies and implementations.....................................
Deployment topologies .....................................................................
Storage and replication application.................................................
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Overview
A WAN Optimization Controller (WOC) is an appliance that can be
placed In-line or Out-of-Path to reduce and optimize the data that is
to be transmitted over the LAN/MAN/WAN. These devices are
designed to help mitigate the effects of packet loss, network
congestion, and latency while reducing the overall amount of data to
be transmitted over the network.
In general, the technologies utilized in accomplishing this are
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) acceleration,
data-deduplication, and compression. Additionally, features such as
QoS, Forward Error Correction (FEC), and Encryption may also be
available.
Network links and WAN circuits can have high latency and/or
packet loss as well as limited capacity. WAN Optimization
Controllers can be used to maximize the amount of data that can be
transmitted over a link. In some cases, these appliances may be a
necessity, depending on performance requirements.
WAN and data optimization can occur at varying layers of the OSI
stack, whether it be at the network and transport layer, the session,
presentation, and application layers, or just to the data (payload)
itself.
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Deployment topologies
There are two basic topologies for deployment:
In-path/in-line/bridge
Out-of-path/routed
Figure 1
In-path/in-line/bridge topology
Figure 2
Out-of-path/routed topology
Deployment topologies
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Fails-to-Wire
The appliance will behave as a crossover cable connecting the
Ethernet LAN switch directly to the WAN router and traffic will
continue to flow uninterrupted and unoptimized.
Fails-Open / Fails-to-Block
The appliance will behave as an open port to the WAN router.
The WAN router will recognize that the link is down and will
begin forwarding traffic according to its routing tables.
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Symmetrix/VMAX SRDF
RecoverPoint
SAN Copy
Celerra Replicator
MirrorView
Configuration settings
Configurations settings are as follows:
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Notes
Note the following:
Symmetrix configuration settings
Compression
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2
FCIP Configurations
FCIP Configurations
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FCIP Configurations
Brocade FCIP
This section provides configuration information for Brocade FCIP.
Note: Support for Brocade FCIP with WAN Optimization Controllers is
limited. Please check the WAN Optimization Controller table in the EMC
Support Matrix for supported configurations. The EMC Support Matrix is
available at https://elabnavigator.emc.com.
Configuration settings
Configuration settings are as follows:
Compression = Disabled
SACK = Enabled
Keep-Alive Timeout = 10
Max Re-Transmissions = 8
FCIP Fastwrite
This setting accelerates SCSI Write I/Os over the FCIP tunnel.
This cannot be combined with FC Fastwrites. FCIP Fastwrite
should be enabled and FC Fastwrite should be disabled when
using WAN Optimization Controller (WOC) devices.
There are two different FastWrites: FC-FastWrite and FCIP
FastWrite. FC FastWrite applies to FC ISLs, while FCIP FastWrite
(same FC protocol) applies to FCIP tunnels.
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FCIP Configurations
Compression
This simply compresses the data that flows over the FCIP tunnel.
This should be disabled when using with WAN Optimization
Controller (WOC) devices, thus allowing the WOC device to
perform the compression and data de-duplication.
Commit Rate
This setting is environment dependent. This should be set in
accordance with the WAN Optimization vendor. Considerations
such as data-to-be-optimized, available WAN circuit size and
data-reduction ratio need to be taken into account.
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FCIP Configurations
References
For further information, refer to https://support.emc.com and
http://www.brocade.com.
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FCIP Configurations
Cisco FCIP
This section provides configuration information for Cisco FCIP.
Configuration settings
Configuration settings are as follows:
IP Compression = Disabled
Encryption = Disabled
Max Re-Transmissions = 8
Keep-Alive = 60
SACK = Enabled
Timestamp = Disabled
PMTU = Enabled
CWM = Enabled
Cisco FCIP
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FCIP Configurations
Notes
Consider the following information for Cisco FCIP tunnel settings:
Max-Bandwidth
The max-bandwidth-mbps parameter and the measured RTT
together determine the maximum window size. This should be
configured to match the worst-case bandwidth available on the
physical link.
Min-Available-Bandwidth
The min-available-bandwidth parameter and the measured RTT
together determine the threshold below which TCP aggressively
maintains a window size sufficient to transmit at minimum
available bandwidth. It is recommend that you adjust this to
50-80% of the Max-Bandwidth.
Estimated Roundtrip-Time
This is the measured latency between the 2 MDS GigE interfaces.
The following MDS command can be used to measure the RTT:
FCIPMDS2(config)# do ips measure-rtt 10.20.5.71
interface GigabitEthernet1/1
Roundtrip time is 106 micro seconds (0.11 milli
seconds)
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FCIP Configurations
Max Re-Transmissions
The maximum number of times that a packet is retransmitted
before the TCP connection is closed.
Basic guidelines
Consider the following guidelines when creating/utilizing multiple
FCIP interfaces /profiles:
FCIP Interface defines the physical FCIP link (local GigE port). If
you add an FCIP Profile for TCP parameters and a local GigE IP
address plus peer (remote) IP address to the FCIP Interface, it
forms an FCIP Link or Tunnel. There are always two TCP
connections (control plus data) and you can add one additional
data TCP connection per FCIP link.
EMC recommends three FCIP interfaces per GigE port for best
performance. More FCIP interfaces help improve SRDF link
stability when there is high latency and/or packet loss
(>100ms/0.5%, regardless of whether latency and packet drop
conditions exist together or only one exists). A dedicated FCIP
profile per FCIP link is recommended.
Cisco FCIP
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FCIP Configurations
Write acceleration can not be used across FSPF equal cost paths in
FCIP deployments. Also, FCIP write acceleration can be used in
Port-Channels configured with channel mode active or
constructed with Port-Channel Protocol (PCP).
References
For further information, refer to the following documentation on
Cisco's website at http://www.cisco.com.
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3
WAN Optimization
Controllers
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Overview on page 30
Terminology on page 31
Notes on page 36
Features on page 36
References on page 42
Overview
RiOS is the software that powers the Riverbed's Steelhead WAN
Optimization Controller. The optimization techniques RiOS utilizes
are:
Data Streamlining
Transport Streamlining
Application Streamlining, and
Management Streamlining
Terminology
Consider the following terminology when using Riverbed
configuration settings:
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IMPORTANT
Use caution when specifying MXTCP. The outbound rate for
the optimized traffic in the configured QoS class immediately
increases to the specified bandwidth, and does not decrease in
the presence of network congestion. The Steelhead appliance
always tries to transmit traffic at the specified rate.
If no QoS mechanism (either parent classes on the Steelhead
appliance, or another QoS mechanism in the WAN or WAN
infrastructure) is in use to protect other traffic, that other traffic
might be impacted by MXTCP not backing off to fairly share
bandwidth. When MXTCP is configured as the queue
parameter for a QoS class, the following parameters for that
class are also affected:
Link share weight Prior to RiOS 8.0.x, the link share weight
parameter has no effect on a QoS class configured with
MXTCP. With RiOS 8.0.x and later, Adaptive MXTCP will allow
the link share weight settings to function for MXTCP QoS
classes.
Upper limit Prior to RiOS 8.0.x, the upper limit parameter
has no effect on a QoS class configured with MXTCP. With
RiOS 8.0.x and later, Adaptive MXTCP will allow the upper
limit settings to function for MXTCP QoS classes.
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Notes
Consider the following when using Riverbed configuration settings:
Features
Features include:
Compression
Encryption - IPsec
Deployment topologies
Deployment topologies include:
In-Path
Physical In-Path
Virtual In-Path
WCCPv2 (Web Cache Coordination Protocol)
PBR (Policy-Based-Routing)
Out-of-Path
Proxy
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Fail-to-wire
Fail-to-block
FCIP environment
The following Riverbed configuration settings are recommended in a
FCIP environment:
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Compression Level = 1
Adaptive Compression = Disabled
Multi-Core Balancing = Enabled
Note: Multi-Core Balancing should be disabled if there are 16 or
greater data-bearing connections (i.e., exclusive of control
connections, such as those commonly established by FCIP gateways).
GigE environment
The following are Riverbed configuration settings recommended in a
GigE environment:
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40
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Note: Latest appliances that use SSD-based data store will achieve
high throughput with standard SDR(SDR-Default). For legacy-based
data store appliances, use SDR-M.
Compression Level = 1
Adaptive Compression = Disabled
Multi-Core Balancing = Enabled
Note: Multi-Core Balancing should be disabled if there are 16 or
greater data-bearing connections (i.e., exclusive of control
connections, such as those commonly established by FCIP gateways).
References
For more information about the Riverbed Steelhead WAN
Optimization Controller and the Riverbed system, refer to Riverbed's
website at http://www.riverbed.com.
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Overview on page 43
Features on page 45
References on page 62
Overview
Riverbed Granite is a block storage optimization and consolidation
system. It consolidates all storage at the data center and creates
diskless branches. Granite is designed to enable edge server systems
to efficiently access storage arrays over the WAN as if they were
locally attached.
The Granite solution is deployed in conjunction with Steelhead
appliances and consists of two components:
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For SCSI reads The Granite Edge cache is warmed with active
data blocks delivered by Granite Core in the data center, which
performs predictive prefetch to ensure required data is quickly
delivered. Alternatively, a LUN can be "pinned" to the edge cache
and prepopulated with all data from a data center LUN.
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Figure 3
Features
This section briefly describes Riverbed Granite features.
Granite Prediction
and Prefetch
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Granite Edge
Blockstore cache
LUN pinning
Disconnected
operations
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Figure 4
48
Description
Peer IP Address
Local Interface
Enable Failover
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Deployment topologies
Figure 5 illustrates a generic Granite deployment.
Figure 5
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Control
Description
Initiator Name
Apply
Description
IP Address
Port
Authentication
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Description
Portal Settings
Offline LUNs
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b. Under Targets, add a target for the portal using the controls
described in the following table.
Control
Description
Add a Target
Target Name
Port
Snapshot Configuration
Add Target
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Description
Target Settings
Offline LUNs
Configuring LUNs
To configure an iSCSI LUN, complete the following steps.
1. Choose Configure > Storage > LUNs to display the LUNs page.
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Description
LUN Alias
Description
Details
Alias
Edge Mapping
Failover
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Control
Description
MPIO
Snapshots
Pin/Prepop
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Control
Description
Granite Edge
Size
Alias
Description
LUN Status
LUN Details
LUN Alias
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Description
Blockstore encryption
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Description
Username
Password/Confirm
Password
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References
For more information, refer to Riverbed's website at
http://www.riverbed.com.
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Overview on page 63
Terminology on page 64
Features on page 66
References on page 69
Overview
Silver Peak appliances are interconnected by tunnels, which transport
optimized traffic flows. Policies control how the appliance filters
LAN side packets into flows and whether:
dropped.
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Terminology
Consider the following terminology when using Silver Peak
configuration settings:
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Features
Features include:
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TCP acceleration
Encryption - IPsec
Deployment topologies
Deployment topologies include:
Out-of-path (router)
Out-of-path with Policy-Based-Routing (PBR) redirection
Out-of-path with Web Cache Coordination Protocol
(WCCPv2)
Out-of-path with VRRP peering to WAN router
Out-of-path with Policy-Based-Routing (PBR) and VRRP
redundant Silver Peak appliances
Out-of-path with Web Cache Coordination Protocol (WCCP)
redundant Silver Peak appliances
FCIP environment
The following Silver Peak configuration settings are recommended in
an FCIP environment:
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MTU = 1500 (For 3.1 code and higher, maximum MTU = 2500)
Mode = GRE
Compression = Enabled
FEC = Enabled
Coalescing On = Yes
Coalesce Wait = 0 ms
GigE environment
The following Silver Peak configuration settings are recommended in
a GigE environment:
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MTU = 1500
Mode = GRE
Compression = Enabled
FEC = Enabled
Coalescing On = Yes
Coalesce Wait = 0 ms
References
For more information about Silver Peak appliances, refer to the Silver
Peak website at http://www.silver-peak.com.
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