A.

ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE

1. Active Voice (Kalimat Aktif)
sentences where the subject of the sentence do the work
Example :
Subject
Active

Barli

Verb

Object
a magazine.

Buys

2. Passive Voice (Kalimat Pasif)

sentences where the subject is subjected to a job.
Example :
Passive

Subject
A magazine

Verb
is bought

Object
by Barli.

If we compare the composition of the second sentence above, existing objects

in the active voice is converted into the subject of the passive sentence. It
was also evident in the following wording:

Aktif
Pasif

Subject
Everybody
Orange juice

Verb
Drinks
is drunk

Object
Orange juice.
by everybody.

B. STRUCTURE ACTIVE VOICE and PASSIVE VOICE

In general, active sentence structure is :
Subject + Verb (in accordance with tenses) + object
In general, passive sentence structure is :
S + To Be + V3 + O
However, the form of time "to be" is to be adjusted, refer to the table below :
TENSES

AKTIF

PASIF

Present
Simple

Past
Future
Past Future

TENSES
Present
Contonuous

Past
Future
Past

S + V1
He washes it.
S + V2
He washed it.
S + will + V1
He will wash it.
S + would + V1
He would wash it.

S + to be 1 + V3
It is washed.
S + to be 2 + V3
It was washed.
S + will be + V3
It will be washed.
S + would be + V3
It would be washed.

AKTIF
S + to be 1 + V-ing
He is washing it.

PASIF
S + To Be 1 + being + V3
It is being washed.

S + had + V3
He had washed it.
S + will have + V3
He will have washed it.
S + would + be + V-ing
He would be washing it.

S + had been + V3
It had been washed.
S + will + being + V3
It will be being washed.
S + would be being + V3
It would be being washed.

AKTIF
S +has/have + V3
He has washed it.
S + had + V3
He had washed it.
S + will have + V3
He will have washed it.
S + would + have + V3
He would have washed.

PASIF
S + has/have been + V3
It has been washed.
S + had been + V3
It had been washed.
S + will have been + V3
It will have been washed.
S + would have been + V3
It would have been washed.

AKTIF
S + has been + V-ing
He has been washing it.
S + had been + V-ing
He had been washig it.
S + will have been + V-

PASIF
S + has been being + V3
It has been being washed.
S + had been being + V3
It had been being washed.
S + will have been being + V3
It will have been being

Future

TENSES
Present
Perfect
Simple

Past
Future
Past
Future

TENSES
Present
Past
Perfect
Continuous

Future

ing
He will have been
Past

washed.

washing it.
S + would have been + S + would have been being +

Future

V-ing
He would have been

V3
It would have been being

washing it.

washed.

C. CHANGE FROM ACTIVE TO PASSIVE VOICE SENTENCES

If we want to change the active sentences into the passive voice, we can do it by
changing the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of a passive
sentence.
ACTIVE = S + V + O
/
/
PASSIVE = S + To Be + V3 + O
Note : Objects on the active sentence will be changed to the subject of the
passive sentence.
The characteristics of the active voice is the construction of a sentence is the
basic form of the "verb" or "to be". While the characteristics of the passive voice
construction of a sentence is assembled using "to be / be" followed by Verb 3,
and is usually followed by the phrase "by".
Example Active Sentence to Passive Sentence :
NO
1
2

ACTIVE
Wildan types the article
Rohim posted the video on Facebook

PASSIVE
The article is typed by wildan
The video was posted on Facebook

3
4

Rena submits the report

My mother is making a cake

by Rohim
The report is submitted by Rena
A cake is being made by my

5
6

They did the test

The teacher always answers the

mother
The test was done by them
The students questions are always

7
8
9
10

students questions
She will hold a party
The water fills the tube
He knows me
Rifqi killed a tiger

answered by the teacher

A party will be held by her
The Tube is filled with water
I am known to him
A tiger was killed by rifqi

Example Passive Sentence to Active Sentence :

NO
1
2

PASSIVE
The flat tire was changed by Sue
A good decision had been made by

ACTIVE
Sue changed the flat tire
Carroll had made a good decision

Carroll to leave Liverpool.

The floor is always cleaned by my

to leave Liverpool.
My mother always cleans the floor

mother every morning

The movie was watched by Fadhila in

every morning
Fadhila watched the movie in the

the theatre last night

theatre last night
A rainbow cake is being made by them They are making a rainbow cake

now
Some books were being bought by her

now.
She was buying some books last

last night
Some candidates have been

night
The manager has interviewed some

interviewed by the manager

A movie is going to be watched by us

candidates
We are going to watch a movie

9
10

tonight
A fine song was sung by her
Cake can be made by Linda

tonight
She sang a fine song
Linda can make cake

D. Example
1. Most Indonesian TV stations will broadcast mystery programs.
Passive : Mystery programs ................... by most indonesian TV stations
a. Has been broadcasted
b. Had been broadcasted
c. Will be broadcasted
d. Will be broadcasting
e. Is broadcasted
Answer :

C. Will be broadcasted
Because will + V1

Will + be + V3

2. A well known architect is designing our new office

The passive form of the above sentence is, our new office......by a well-known
architect.
a. Design
b. Designed
Answer :

c. Be designing
d. Is designed

e. Is being designed

E. Is being designed
Because Am, is, are + Ving am, is, are + being + V3

3. Active : The bill includes service, doesnt it ?

Passive : Oh, yes. Servise ............. in the bill
a. Includes
c. Will be included
b. Is included
d. Is including
Answer :

e. Be included

B. Is included
Because V1 + s, es am, is, are + V3

REFERENCE
1. http://www.kursusmudahbahasainggris.com/2013/10/pengertian-strukturmengubah-kalimat.html#ixzz3XinTh83y
2. http://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-active-and-passive-voice.html
3. http://www.studyandexam.com/active-passive-voice.html