Becca Shanks

Brian Henson
COMM 110
4/26
Chapter 17 Review Questions
1. What is credibility? What two factors exert the most influence on an audiences
perception of a speakers credibility?
The audience's perception of whether a speaker is qualified to
speak on a given topic.
competence and character
2. What are the differences among initial credibility, derived credibility, and terminal
credibility?
initial credibility: the credibility before she or he starts to speak derived credibility: the credibility produced by everything she or he says and does
during the speech - terminal credibility: the credibility at the end of the speech.
3. What are three ways you can enhance your credibility during your speeches?
1) Explain your competence. 2) Establish common ground with
your audience. 3) Deliver your speeches fluently, expressively, and with
conviction
4. What is evidence? Why do persuasive speakers need to use evidence?
supportive materials used to prove or disprove something
persuasive speeches need strong evidence to convince skeptical
listeners.
5. What are four tips for using evidence effectively in a persuasive speech?
Specific evidence; novel evidence; credible sources, make clear the
point of your evidence
6. What is reasoning from specific instances? Why is it important to supplement
reasoning from specific instances with testimony or statistics?
Reasoning that moves from particular facts to a general conclusion.
To demonstrate that the instances are representative
7. What is reasoning from principle? How is it different from reasoning from
specific instances?
reasoning that moves from a general principle to a specific
conclusion.
it moves from general to specific.
8. What is causal reasoning? Why is the relationship between causes and effects not
always clear?
reasoning that seeks to establish the relationship between causes
and effects.

 Just because one event happens after another doesn't mean the first
is the cause on the second. It could be coincidence
9. What is analogical reasoning? Why is analogical reasoning frequently used in
persuasive speeches on questions of policy?
a speaker compares two similar cases and infers that what is true
from the first case is also true for the second
When arguing a policy you should find out whether it has been
tried elsewhere.
10. What are the ten logical fallacies discussed in this chapter?
1) Hasty Generalization. 2) False Cause. 3) Invalid Analogy. 4)
Bandwagon. 5) Red Herring. 6) Ad Hominem. 7) Either-Or. 8) Slippery Slope. 9)
Appeal to Tradition. 10) Appeal to Novelty.
11. What is the role of emotional appeal in persuasive speaking? Identify three
methods you can use to generate emotional appeal in your speeches.
Emotional appeals make persuasive speech more compelling.

conviction

Emotional language; Vivid examples; speak with sincerity and