Alindayu, Jasper Ian; Bernardino, Jerome Monroe P.

; delos Santos, Lee; Montoya, Stephen; San Diego, Kirby

Efg

Zoology 102

IMPORTANT NOTES:
(* - Interchangeable, ^ - Input not from Hyman)
CAT MUSCLES
ORIGIN

INSERTION

ACTION
Adductor and rotator of the thigh and
extensor of the shank
Adductor of the leg
Extensor of the shank
Extensor of the shank
Extensor of the shank
Extensor of the shank
Adductor of the thigh
Adductor of the thigh
Extensor of the thigh

Hindlimb muscles
Sartorius

Crest and ventral border of the ilium

Gracilis
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius
Rectus femoris
Adductor longus
Adductor femoris

Ischial and pubic symphyses

Greater trochanter and surface of femur
Femur
Surface of the femur
Ilium near the acetabulum
Pubis
Pubis

Semimembranosus

Ischium

Semitendinosus

Ischial tuberosity

Proximal end of the tibia and the patella

and the fascia and ligaments between
Aponeurosis which passes to the tibia
Patella
Patella
Patella
Patella
Femur
Femur
Medial epicondyle of the femur and
proximal end of the tibia
Tibia

Biceps femoris

Tuberosity of the ischium

Patella and tibia, fascia of the shank

Transvers process of the second caudal

vertebra
Transverse process of the second and
third caudal vertebra
Fascia and from the transvers process of
the last sacral and first caudal vertebra
Adjacent fascia, crest of the ilium, lateral
surface of the ilium, and transverse
process of the last sacral and first caudal
vertebra
Ilium and neighboring fascia
Surface fascia, femur, tendon and fascia
of the plantaris muscle

Same fascia as the insertion of biceps

(Fascia of the shank)

Tennuisimus
Caudofemoralis
Gluteus maximus

Gluteus medius
Tensor fasciae latae
Gastrocnemius

Patella
Fascia lata and slight extent to the greater
trochanter

Flexor of the shank

Abductor of the thigh and flexor of
the shank
Abductor of the thigh, extensor of the
shank
Abductor of the thigh
Abductor of the thigh

Strong tendon on the femurs greater

trochanter
Fascia lata
Calcaneus/heel bone passed by a tendon

Tightens the fascia lata

Extensor of the foot

Soleus
Peroneus complex
Extensor digitorum longus
Tibialis anterior

Fibula
Tibia and fibula
Lateral epicondyle of the femur
Proximal parts of the tibia and fibula

Plantaris

Patella and femur

Flexor digitorum longus

Tibia, fibula and adjacent fascia

Tibialis posterior

Fibula, tibia, fascia

Forelimb muscles
Triceps brachii long head
Triceps brachii lateral head
Triceps brachii medial head

Triceps brachii (Anconeus)

Distal end of the humerus

Lateral surface of the ulna

Brachialis

Lateral surface of the humerus

Lateral epicondyle of the humerus and
semilunar notch of ulna

Ulna

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Extensor digitorum lateralis

Lateral surface of the humerus abov the

lateral epicondyle

Extensor digitorum communis

Lateral surface of the humerus abov the

lateral epicondyle

Extensor carpi radialis

Humerus near other extensors

Brachioradialis or Supinator longus

Middle of humerus

Epithocleais or Extensor antibrachii

Biceps brachii
Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis

Glenoid fossa
Medial epicondyle of the humerus
Medial epicondyle of the humerus

Palmaris longus

Medial epicondyle of the humerus

Flexor carpi ulnaris

a. Medial epicondyle of the

Calcaneus
Metatarsals
Stout tendon; inserted on each digits
First metatarsal
Middle of tube formed by tendon of the
gastrocnemius and soleus onto the ventral
surface of the calcaneus
Digits
Scaphoid and medial cuneiform of the
ankle

Proximal end of the fifth metacarpal

Tendon passes internal to wrist ligaments
and splits into three/four tendons
somewhat underlying the tendons of the
next muscles
Tendon passes internal to wrist ligaments
and splits into three/four tendons
somewhat underlying the tendons of the
next muscles
Second and third metacarpals
Lower end of the radius and adjacent
ligaments
Ulna and radius
Radius
Second and third metacarpals
Flat tendon passes through wrist ligaments
and divides into four or five tendons
which pass to pads of palm and phalanges
Pisiform bone of the wrist

Extensor of the foot

Flexor of the foot
Extensors of the digit
Flexor of the foot
Flexor of the digits

Flexor of the digits

Extensor of the foot

Strengthens the elbow joint / Rotates

the ulna
With the biceps
Extends the fifth digit and ulnar side
of the wrist
Extends the tendons that go to the
three or four digits

Extends the tendons that go to the

three or four digits

Extends hand
Rotates hands to supine position
Flexor of the forearm
Rotates radius to prone position
Flexes second and third metacarpals
Flexor of digits

Flexes ulnar side of the wrist

Flexor profundus digitorum

Head and neck muscles

humerus
b. Lies along side the exposed
olecranon process of the ulna
Ulna and humerus

Basal phalanges

Temporalis

Side of the skull from the superior nuchal

line to the zygomatic process of the
frontal

Masseter

Zygomatic arch

Digastric

Jugular and mastoid process of the skull

Posterior half of the lateral surface of

mandible
Mandible

Mylohyoid

Mandible

Median raphe

Geniohyoid
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Thyrohyoid

Mandible near the symphysis

Sternum
Sternum
Thyroid cartilage
Median raphe and manubrium of the
sternum

Body of the hyoid

Basihyoid
Thyroid cartilage of the larynx
Posterior horn of the hyoid

Cleidomastoid

*Mastoid process

*Clavicle

Clavotrapezius
Clavobrachialis
Dorsal muscles

Clavicle and fibers of the clavotrapezius

Ulna

Sternomastoid

Latissimus dorsi
Spinotrapezius
Acromiotrapezius
Spinodeltoid
Acromiodeltoid
Clavodeltoid
Levator scapulae ventralis
Rhomboideus

Neural spines of the last thoracic and

most lumbar vertebra and from the
lumbodorsal fascia
Spines of the thoracic vertebra
Neural spines of cervical and first
thoracic vertebrae
Spine of the scapula
Acromion process of the scapula
Clavicle and fibers of the clavotrapezius
Transverse process of the atlas and
occipital bone
Neural spines of the vertebra and adjacent
ligament

General flexor of the fingers

Elevator of the jaw

Coronoid process of the mandible

Mastoid process

Tendon on a medial surface of the

humerus
Fascia of the scapula
Metacromion process and spine of scapula
and fascia of spinotrapeziud
Deltoid ridge of the humerus
Other deltoids
Ulna
Metacromion process and neighboring
fascia
Vertebral border of the scapula

Elevator of the jaw

Depresses the lower jaw
Raises floor of the mouth/brings
hyoid forward
Draws the hyoid forward
Draw the hyoid posteriorly
Pulls larynx posteriorly
Raises the larynx
Singly turn the head, together depress
head on neck
Pulls clavicle craniad or turns the
head, acting singly or lowers head on
neck
Flexor of the forearm
Pulls the forelimb dorsally and
caudally
Draws the scapula dorsad and caudad
Draws scapula dorsad / holds the two
scapula together
Raises and rotates the humerus
Raises and rotates the humerus
Raises and rotates the humerus
Draws the scapula craniad
Draws scapula dorsad

Rhomboideus capitis

Superior nuchal line

Scapula

Splenius
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Subscapularis

Middorsal line and Fascia

Whole surface of the supraspinous fossa
Whole surface of the infraspinous fossa
Subscapular fossa
Axillary border of the scapula and fascia
of neighboring muscles
Axillary border of scapula
Aponeurosis from the median dorsal line
Posterior sacral, lumbar, thoracic and
caudal vertebra ^
Posterior sacral, lumbar, thoracic and
caudal vertebra ^
Posterior sacral, lumbar, thoracic and
caudal vertebra ^

Superior nuchal line

Greater tuberosity of the humerus
Greater tuberosity of the humerus
Lesser tuberosity of the humerus

Teres major
Teres minor
Serratus dorsalis
Semispinalis
Longgisimus
Iliocostalis
Ventral muscles
Pectoralis antibrachialis
Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Xiphihumeralis

Manubrium
Sternum and median ventral raphe
Sternum

External oblique

Lumbodorsal fascia

Internal oblique
Transversus abdominis

Second sheet of the lumbodorsal fascia,

border of pelvic girdle
Second sheet of the lumbodorsal fascia,
border of pelvic girdle

Medial surface of the humerus

Greater tuberosity
Last ribs
Neural process of more anterior vertebra ^
Transverse process of the vertebra
Neural process of more anterior vertebra ^
Flat tendon on fascia of forearm
Humerus
Humerus
Humerus
Extensive neurosis that passes to the linea
alba
Linea alba by the extensive aponeurosis
Linea alba by the extensive aponeurosis

Rectus abdominis

Anterior end of pubic symphysis

Sternum and costal cartilages

Serratus ventralis

Slips from the first nine or ten ribs and

the anterior part from the from the
transverse processes of the last five
cervical vertebra

Scapula near the vertebral border

External intercostals

Posterior margin of the rib ^

Internal intercostals

Anterior margin of the rib ^

Scalenes

Ribs ^

Anterior margin of the adjacent posterior

rib ^
Posterior margin of the adjacent posterior
rib ^
Transverse process of the cervical

Draws the scapula craniad and rotates

it
Raises or turns the head
Extends the humerus
Rotates the humerus
Pulls the humerus medially
Rotates the humerus and lowers it
Assists the infraspinatus
Draws the ribs forward
Extends and flexes the vertebral
column
Extends and flexes the vertebral
column
Extends and flexes the vertebral
column
Draws the arms towards the chest
Draws the arms towards the chest
Draws the arms towards the chest
Draws the arms towards the chest
Constrictor of the abdomen
Compressor of the abdomen
Compressor of the abdomen
Retracts ribs, sternum and
compresses abdomen
Draws the scapula craniad, ventrad
and against the thoracic wall

Bring the rib forward

Draw rib backward
Draws the ribs forward and bend the

vertebra
DOGFISH SHARK MUSCLES
ORIGIN
INSERTION

neck

ACTION

Branchial and Hypobranchial muscles

Quadratomandibularis

Midventral surface of the

chondrocranium
Rear part of the palatoquadrate

Levator maxillae superioris

Otic capsule

Craniomaxillaris or spiracularis
Epihyoidean
Secondary constrictor

Otic capsule
Fascia and otic capsule

Cucullaris

Fascia of the dorsal longitudinal bundle

Preorbitalis

Quadratomandibularis
Meckels cartilage
Palatoquadrate cartilage next to the
quadratomandibularis
Palatoquadrate cartilage
Hyomandibula
Epibranchial cartilage of the last gill arch
and scapular process of the pectoral
scapulae

Closes the lower jaw

Raises the upper jaw

Acts as levator scapulae

Dorsal branchial constrictor

Ventral branchial constrictor
Coracoarcualis

Coracoid bar

Intermandibularis

Midventral raphe

Fascia above the rear edge of the

mandibularis
Meckels cartilage

Interhyoideus

Hyoid arch ^

Midventral raphe ^

Coracomandibularis

Coracoarcuals ^

Meckels cartilage ^

Coracohyoideus

Coracoarcuals ^

Basihyal
Ceratohyal cartilage and last five gill
arches
Post myosepta
Post myosepta

Mandibularis

Coracobranhchialis
Epaxial
Hypaxial
Myotomes
Depressor pectoral muscle
Levator pectoral muscle
Depressor pelvic muscle
Levator pelvic muscle

Myosepta
Myosepta

Compresses gills / closes the mouth

Compresses the gills / closes the
mouth
Compresses gills
Depresses Meckels cartilage / opens
the mouth
Depresses the hyoid

Lateral undulations
Lateral undulations