A

Seminar report
On

POWER GENERATION IN THERMAL POWER PLANT

At
Submitted
In the fulfillment
For
the award of the Degree
of
Bachelor of Technology
in
Department of Electrical Engineering

Submitted To:

Submitted By:

Er. Harpreet Singh

Sandeep Gupta

(HOD of EE Dept.)

Roll No: 11EIAEE089

Under the Supervision of

Mr. Anwar Ali
(Assistant Professor)

Department of Electrical engineering

Institute of Engineering and Technology
Alwar
February -2015
1

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

Department of Electrical Engineering
North Ext. M.I.A.
Alwar 301030

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Sandeep Gupta is student of Bachelor of
Technology, 8th Semester of this institute has completed the seminar
(B.Tech. ) titled POWER GENERATION IN THERMAL POWER
PLANT at Institute of Engineering and Technology, ALWAR fulfilment
of Bachelor of Technology degree program of Institute of Engineering &
Technology, Alwar. To the best of my knowledge and belief, the above said
report has been prepared by me.

Signature of HOD
Er. Harpreet Singh
(HOD of EE Dept.)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am deeply indebted to many people for the successful completion of this seminar. I have
received the enormous help, guidance and advice from many people. I am grateful to our
college Chairman Dr. V.K. Agrawal, Executive Director Manju Agrawal for providing us
opportunity to study in this institution as well as all necessary facilities.
Our principal Prof. (Dr.) Neelam Sharma has been source of inspiration in my work
sincerely. I also pronounce grateful thanks toward Prof. (Dr.) A.K. Srivastava, Principal
General, IET, Alwar for giving valuable guidance to develop myself.
I extend my profound gratitude towards, Mr. Anwar Ali & Er Harpreet Singh,
(HOD, Department of Electrical Engineering) for his support throughout the seminar. I wish
to express my sincere thanks to all staff members of Department of EE, IET for their valuable
suggestion and assistance rendering throughout the period of seminar.
Above all i am thankful to my parents, my family for their support and
encouragements and also i am grateful to the God for blessing me and providing eternal
support to me.

Sandeep Gupta

ABSTRACT
Electricity generation is the process of generating electric power from other sources
of primary energy. About 70 % of energy used by India is produced in thermal power
plants. Not just India, people all over the world heavily rely on thermal power stations.
This is because of the abundant availability of coal, reliable cheap power and early
advent of steam engine technology. Though there is a lot of hue and cry over the
CO2 emissions and diminishing coal reserves, coal power continues to dominate the
energy sector. Rankine cycle is the working principle of the plants all over the world.
Water is boiled into steam which is super heated. This is the phase where the energy of
the coal is give to the steam/water. The high pressure and high temperature steam is
allowed to expand in turbines coupled with generators. Here, a part of energy is given
back by the steam. Most of remaining heat is dissipated to atmosphere.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Particulars

Page No.

Chapter-1 INTRODUCTION

1-9

1.1 Overview

1.2 Need for thermal power generation

1.3 Basic Definitions

1.4 Theory of Thermal Power Station

1.5 Functional partitioning

1.6 History

1.7 Methods of generating electricity

1.8 Economics of generation and production of electricity

Chapter-2 COMPONENTS USED

10-13

Chapter-3 METHODOLOGY/WORKING PRINCIPLE

14-30

3.1 The Process and Principle

16

3.2 Detailed process of power generation in a thermal power plant

17

3.3 Efficiency

28

3.4 Analysis

29

Chapter-4 MAINTENANCE, PROTECTION & POLLUTION ASPECTS 31-33

4.1 Maintenance

31
5

4.2 Protection

32

4.3 Pollution aspects

33

Chapter-5 ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES

34-35

5.1 Advantages

34

5.2 Disadvantages

34

CONCLUSIONS

36

REFERENCES

37

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure No. Figure Name

Page No.

Fig. 1.1 Power Generation Process in thermal power plant

Fig. 1.2 Line Diagram of Power Plant

Fig. 2.1 Components of thermal power generation

10

Fig. 3.1 A typical Thermal Power Station Operates on a Cycle

14

Fig. 3.2 Total scheme of a typical thermal power station along with different circuits 15
Fig. 3.3 Boiler working

18

Fig. 3.4 Steam Turbine

20

Fig. 3.5 Three turbine model for a plant

21

Fig. 3.6 Generator

23

Fig. 3.7 Ash collection system

24

Fig. 3.8 Condenser

25

Fig. 3.9 Cooling Tower

26

Fig. 3.10 Economiser

27