Professional Documents
Culture Documents
semi-distribuidos
(SOCONT, SAC-SMA, HBV, GR4J)
Javier GARCA HERNNDEZ
Alain FOEHN
1. Introduccin
1. Introduccin
2. Modelos hidrolgicos
2. Modelos hidrolgicos
3 parmetros
1 parmetro de calibracin
1 variable de estado
5
2. Modelos hidrolgicos
Object
SWMM
Name
Units
Description
A
L
J0
K
m2
m
1/3
m /s
HIni
Surface of runoff
Length of the plane
Runoff slope
Strickler coefficient
Initial water level downstream of the
surface
Regular
Range
>0
>0
>0
0.1 to 90
-
2. Modelos hidrolgicos
12 parmetros
4-9 parmetros de calibracin
4 variables de estado
7
2. Modelos hidrolgicos
SOCONT
Name
Units
Description
A
An
ThetaCri
bp
m2
mm/C/day
s/m
Tcp1
Tcp2
Tcf
HGR3Max
C
m
KGR3
1/s
L
J0
Kr
HsnowIni
HGR3Ini
m
-
m1/3/s
Strickler coefficient
m
m
HrIni
ThetaIni
Surface of infiltration
Degree-day snowmelt coefficient
Critical relative water content of the snow pack
Melt coefficient due to liquid precipitation
Minimum critical temperature for liquid
precipitation
Maximum critical temperature for solid
precipitation
Critical snowmelt temperature
Maximum height of infiltration reservoir
Release coefficient of infiltration reservoir
Runoff slope
Regular
Range
>0
0.5 to 20
0.1
0.0125
0
4
0
0 to 2
0.00025 to
0.1
>0
>0
0.1 to 90
-
2. Modelos hidrolgicos
5 parmetros
4 parmetros de calibracin
2 variables de estado
2. Modelos hidrolgicos
10
2. Modelos hidrolgicos
Caudal de
infiltracin
15 parmetros
10-14 parmetros de calibracin
5 variables de estado
11
2. Modelos hidrolgicos
HBV
Name
A
CFMax
CFR
CWH
TT
TTInt
TTSM
Beta
FC
PWP
SUMax
Kr
Ku
Kl
Kperc
HsnowIni
WHIni
HIni
SUIni
SLIni
Units
Description
Regular Range
Surface of the basin
m2
>0
mm/C/day Melting factor
0.5 to 20
Refreezing
factor
0.05
Critical relative water content of the snow pack
0.1
Threshold temperature of rain/snow
C
0 to 3
Temperature interval for rain/snow mixing
C
0 to 3
Threshold
temperature
for
snow
melt
C
0
Model parameter (shape coefficient)
1 to 5
Maximum soil storage capacity
m
0.050 to 0.65
Soil permanent wilting point
m
0.030 to 0.65
Upper
reservoir
water
level
threshold
m
0 to 0.10
Near surface flow storage coefficient
0.05 to 0.5
1/d
Interflow storage coefficient
1/d
0.01 to 0.4
Baseflow
storage
coefficient
1/d
0 to 0.15
Percolation storage coefficient
1/d
0 to 2
Initial snow height
m
Initial relative water content in the snow pack
Initial
humidity
m
Initial upper reservoir water level
m
Initial lower reservoir water level
m
-
2. Modelos hidrolgicos
ETR
Caudal de superficie:
Caudal de
escorrenta
Interflujo
Caudal de infiltracin
Caudal de base
primario
Caudal de base
suplementario
Pervious
Area
Direct
Runoff
Riva
Tension
Water
Surface
Runoff
UzfwMax
UzfwC
UztwMax
Free
UztwC Water
Uzk
QSurf
Interflow
Upper Zone
Lower Zone
Qtot
(Total
Runoff)
PFREE
LzfsMax
LztwMax
LzfpMax
Supplementary Lzsk
Tension
LzfpC
Free
Primary
LzfsC
Water LztwC
Water
Free
Water
Supplemental
Baseflow
QGrnd
Rserv
Lzpk
Primary
Baseflow
Side
QSubSurf
(Subsurface Discharge)
13
2. Modelos hidrolgicos
ETR
Pervious
Area
Direct
Runoff
Riva
17 parmetros
16 parmetros de
calibracin
Tension
Water
Posibilidad de asociar
un modelo de nieve:
+ 5 parmetros
Free
UztwC Water
Uzk
QSurf
Interflow
Upper Zone
Lower Zone
6 variables de estado
Surface
Runoff
UzfwMax
UzfwC
UztwMax
Qtot
(Total
Runoff)
PFREE
LzfsMax
LztwMax
LzfpMax
Supplementary Lzsk
Tension
LzfpC
Free
Primary
LzfsC
Water LztwC
Water
Free
Water
Supplemental
Baseflow
QGrnd
Rserv
Lzpk
Primary
Baseflow
Side
+ 2 variables de estado
QSubSurf
(Subsurface Discharge)
14
2. Modelos hidrolgicos
SACSMA
Name
Units Description
m2
Adimp
Pctim
Riva
UztwMax
UzfwMax
Uzk
Zperc
Rexp
Pfree
LztwMax
LzfpMax
LzfsMax
Rserv
Lzpk
Lzsk
Side
AdimIni
UztwIni
UzfwIni
LztwIni
LzfpIni
LzfsIni
m
m
1/d
m
m
m
1/d
1/d
m
m
m
m
m
m
Regular Range
>0
0 to 0.2
0 to 0.05
0 to 0.2
0.01 to 0.15
0.005 to 0.10
0.10 to 0.75
10 to 350
1 to 4
0 to0.6
0.05 to 0.40
0.03 to 0.80
0.01 to 0.40
0 to 1
0.001 to 0.03
0.02 to 0.3
0 to 0.5
15
2. Modelos hidrolgicos
11 parmetros
4-10 parmetros de calibracin
4 variables de estado
16
2. Modelos hidrolgicos
GSM
Name
Units
A
An
m2
mm/C/day
Description
ThetaCri
bp
Agl
Kgl
Ksn
s/m
mm/C/day
1/d
1/d
Tcp1
Tcp2
Tcf
Tcg
HsnowIni
QsnowIni
QglacierIni
m
m3/s
m3/s
ThetaIni
Surface of infiltration
Degree-day snowmelt coefficient
Critical relative water content of the snow
pack
Melt coefficient due to liquid precipitation
Degree-day icemelt coefficient
Release coefficient of icemelt reservoir
Regular Range
>0
0.5 to 20
0.1
0.0125
0.5 to 20
0.1 to 5
0.1 to 5
0
6
0
0
-
18
Concepto
Desarrollo de un modelo por sub-cuencas
19
Concepto
Desarrollo de un modelo por sub-cuencas, divididas en bandas
de altura
20
Metodologa
Definimos una cuenca de estudio
21
Metodologa
Dividimos la cuenca en sub-cuencas
22
Metodologa
Nos centramos en nuestra cuenca de estudio
23
Metodologa
Dividimos cada sub-cuenca en bandas de altura
24
Metodologa
Encontramos el centro de gravedad (X, Y, Z) de cada banda
de altura y calculamos las caractersticas de los ros
GSM-Glacier
SOCONT
Kinematic river
Junction
25
Metodologa
Calculamos la superficie de cada banda de altura
GSM-Glacier
SOCONT
Kinematic river
Junction
26
Metodologa
Agrupamos las bandas de altura de cada sub-cuenca en
sub-modelos y creamos las confluencias
Sub-model
Kinematic river
Junction
27
Metodologa
El modelo hidrolgico est listo para ser creado en el programa
de simulacin hidrolgica
Sub-model
Kinematic river
Junction
28
29
Centro de gravedad
de la sub-cuenca
30
X
PS = CoeffPs ( Pk +
dPs
( z s zi ))
dz
TS = CoeffTs + (Tk +
dTs
( z s zi ))
dz
dETPs
( z s z i ))
dz
Centro de gravedad
de la sub-cuenca
9 parmetros
0-6 parmetros de calibracin
31
Centro de gravedad
de la sub-cuenca
10 parmetros
0-7 parmetros de calibracin
32
P +
PS = CoeffPs
i =1
dPs
1
( z s zi ) 2
dz
d i ,s
n
1
2
i =1 d i , s
10 parmetros
0-7 parmetros de calibracin
33
T +
TS = CoeffTs +
i =1
dTs
1
( z s zi ) 2
dz
d i ,s
n
1
2
i =1 d i , s
T
T
10 parmetros
0-7 parmetros de calibracin
34
ETP +
ETPS = CoeffETPs
i =1
ETP
dETPs
1
( z s zi ) 2
dz
d i ,s
n
1
2
i =1 d i , s
10 parmetros
0-7 parmetros de calibracin
35
Name
X, Y, Z
Search radius
No. min. of
stations
Gradient P
Station Gradient T
Gradient ETP
Units Description
m
m
Coeff P
CoeffT
Coeff ETP
Regular Range
>0
1
-a
-0.007 to -0.004
-a
0.5 to 2
-2 to 2
0.5 to 2
36
Evapotranspiracin potencial
Diferentes mtodos de calculo terico
Turc
Thornthwaite
Penman-Monteith
Wendling
Hamon
Hande
Oudin
Hargreaves-Samani
Makkink
Priestley-Taylor
McGuinness
Primault
37
Evapotranspiracin potencial
Turc
ETP = CoeffETP K
ETP = 0
T
( Rg + 50 )
T + 15
if T 0
if T > 0
K = 0. 4
if Month February
K = 0.37
if Month =February
McGuinness
ETP = CoeffETP
ETP = 0
Rg Ta + 5
if T > 5
+ 68
if T 5
Oudin
ETP = CoeffETP
ETP = 0
Re T + 5
if T > 5
100
if T 5
38
39
Gracias por
su atencin