Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chapter 10- Illness, Culture and Caring: Impact on Pts., Families and Nurses
What are acute vs. chronic illness? Name some acute illnesses and some
chronic illness?
- Illness affects not just the sick person, but the people providing care - the spouse, the
partner, their children. Illness changes lives.
- A unique characteristic of nursing is the emphasis on viewing patient holistically.
Nurses recognize that human beings are complex beings with physical, mental,
emotional, spiritual, social and cultural dimensions.
Acute Illness
Chronic Illness
SUMMARY:
Acute
Chronic
How do we view illness today? How does it differ from the past?
Sick role = behavior that is dependent, passive, and submissive
1) Is exempt from social responsibilities
2) Cannot be expected to care from himself or herself
3) Should want to get well
4) Should seek medical advice
5) Should cooperate with the medical experts
** This view is NO LONGER ADEQUATE, because different cultures have differing
sick role expectations **
External Influences
-
Past experiences
Culture ***
Communication patterns
Personal space norms
Role expectations
Values
Reaction to prescribed medications
Ethnocentrism
Resourcefulness - the use of cognitive skills that minimize the negative effects of
thoughts and feelings on ones daily life and the way one adjusts to adversity
Ex: - STRESS INOCULATION = substitute anxiety with (+) thoughts
- problem solving
- conflict resolution
- emotion management
- skill in self regulation
Resilience - a successful adaptation despite challenging or threatening circumstances
Result of 3 factors: 1) Disposition - temperament, personality
2) Family factors - warmth, support, organization
3) Outside support factors - supportive network, success in
school or work
Ex: Cancer patient who is positive, despite all the illness
Spirituality - a belief in a higher power, interconnectedness among living beings, and
an awareness of lifes purpose and meaning
- spiritual beliefs may have psychological, medical, and financial benefits
Culture - pattern of learned behavior and values that are reinforced through social
interactions
- shared by members of a particular group and transmitted from one generation to
another
- can exert considerable influence over meanings attached to health and illness
Mild Anxiety
increased alertness
increased ability to focus
improved concentration
expanded capacity for learning
Moderate Anxiety
Severe Anxiety
- scattered thoughts
- difficulty with verbal communication
- considerable discomfort
- purposeless movements
PANIC!!
- complete disorganization
- difficulty differentiating reality from unreality
- constant random movements
- unable to function without assistance
A problem may be
AMENDABLE to being
addressed by research if these
criteria are met:
What are systems? What are the different types and how do they relate to the
environment?
Systems = is a set of interrelated parts that come together to form a
whole that performs a function