Internship Report

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"In the name of ALLAH, most Gracious, most of ALLAH, most Gracious, most
Compassionate".
In the name of ALLAH, most Gracious,

most Compassionate
PTCL (Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited)
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INTERNSHIP REPORT ON PTCL

Pakistan Telecommunication Company
Limited
PREPARED BY
Ali Raza Abbass

FA10-BET-035
Department of Electrical & telecommunication

SESSION 2010-2015
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PREFACE
Acknowledgment
Overview of organization
Introduction
Brief history
Current situation
Main offices
Technical & operational network
Current PTCL network
Technical and operational mile stones
Services of PTCL 21-22

Services for customers
Value added services
Services for corporate customers
Financial analysis 23
Activity ratio
Competitors & subsidiaries 24
Subsidiaries 25-27
Ufone
Multi Media Broad Band
Competitors 28-29
Mobilink
Telenor
Warid
Brief on my internship work 30-41

Switching
Transmissions
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PREFACE
This report is the practical part of the most vital

practice of our Engineering program. The sole
objective is to familiarize the student with the
practical manipulation of business
organization. This report has been written to know
how big organizations like PTCL manage their
teams to achieve their common goals.
In the first phase of the report there is the general
introduction
about the company and then different terms have
been explained, then the mission, values,
different services and different strategies of the
organization have been explained.
In the next part, SWOT analysis of the firm have
been done by the help of which it is identified that
what are the strong areas of the company and
where it lacks so that it can improve, and then in
the end most important my experience while
working in the PTCL as internee is explained.
Author
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In the name of Almighty Allah who is most merciful,
and who give me strength to write this internship
report in a different way.
I extend my heartiest thanks to my seniors,
colleagues, and subordinates who assist me on
Every occasion to enable me to write this report.
My parents, classmates, friends come next in the
list of those whom I have to thank.
I pay special homage to the following persons.
Mr. Akthar (Switching)
Mr. Atif (Transmissions)
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PAKISTAN TELECOMMUNICATION
COMPANY LIMITED
(PTCL)
Established on January 1, 1996
Head Office: - Pakistan Telecommunication Company
Limited
G-8/4, Islamabad
INTRODUCTION
Even years into a new century, the telecom sector

of world finds itself at crossroads after changing
itself almost beyond recognition over the last 25
years. Privatization and competition are the order
of the day, with a majority of
countries having adopted these policies to advance
their telecom sector. The results have been
impressive; the industry has grown at
unprecedented pace. Although there
has been a phenomenal growth in Pakistan,
especially in the cellular mobile communication
and in the internet, yet the late density remains
almost stagnant.
So far PTCL is the sole land line service provider of
Pakistan. PTCL is the giant of Pakistan
telecommunication industry and enjoying the
monopoly. This part of the report contains a brief
introduction of PTCL. This introduction is divided
into two parts,
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1.History
2.
Current situation
BRIEF HISTORY
Over the years, technology has changed the

concept of communication and what was thought
to be a fictional only a decade ago, has actually
made its way through to our
hands today. This is the future we dreamt of so
fondly. Welcome to the modern age, of
telecommunication, which have become
complementary to our lives. But there must also be
an anchor to introduce, allow, improve and
channelize all these services andinnovations
sweeping through the globe. In Pakistan same
anchor is Pakistan Telecommunication Company
Limited from the humble beginnings of posts &
Telegraph Department in 1947 and establishment
of Pakistan Telephone & Telegraph Department in
1962, to this very day, PTCL is a story of
commitment and vision.
Pakistan Telecommunication Corporation (PTC) set
sails for its voyage of glory In December 1990,
taking over operations and functions from Pakistan
Telephone and Telegraph Department under
Pakistan Telecommunication Corporation Act 1991.
This
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coincided with the Governments competitive

Policy, encouraging Private Sector participation and
resulting in award of licenses for Cellular, cardoperated Payphones,paging and, lately, data
communication Services. Pursuing a progressive
policy, the Government in 1991, announced its
Plans to privatize PTC, and in 1994 issued six
million vouchers exchangeable into 600 million
shares of the would-be PTCL in two separate
placements. Each had a par value of Rs.10 per
share. These vouchers were converted into PTCL
Shares in mid 1996.In 1995, Pakistan
Telecommunication (Reorganization) Ordinance
Formed the basis for PTCL monopoly over basic
telephony in the country. It also paved the way for
the establishment of an independent regulatory
regime. The Provisions of the Ordinance were lent
permanence in October 1996 through Pakistan
Telecommunication (Reorganization) Act. The same
year, Pakistan Telecommunication Company
Limited was formed and listed on all stock
Exchanges in Pakistan. Since then, PTCL has been
working vigorously to meet the dual Challenge of
telecom development and socio-economic uplift of
the country. This is characterized by a clearer
appreciation of ongoing telecom scenario where in
convergence of technologies continuously changes
the shape of the Sector. A measure of this
understanding is progressive measures such as
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Establishment of the companys mobile and

Internet subsidiaries (U-fone & Paknet) in 1998.
As telecommunication monopolies head towards
and imminent end, services and infrastructure
providers are set to face even bigger challenges.
Pakistan also entered post-monopoly era with
deregulation of the sector in January 2003. On the
Government level, a comprehensive liberalization
policy for Telecom sector has already been
announced now. Now PTA have issued License to
two new telecom companies in
Pakistan TELENOR international and WARID TEL
this act will put some challenges for PTCL to cope
with.
PTCL is in process of enhancing organizational and
business Proficiency through vertical integration
and horizontal diversification. At the same time,
cross-national
ownerships, operations and partnerships are being
evaluated with a view to developing and
diversifying the business.
These are few historical developments of PTCL
through the years
Historical Background
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1947 Posts & Telegraph Dept. established

1962
199091
1995
1996
1998
2000
2003
2005
Pakistan Telegraph & Telephone Deptt.

Pakistan Telecom Corporation
ALIS: 850,000
Waiting list: 900,000 Expansion Program of 900,000 lines initiated
(500,000 lines by Private Sector Participation
400,000 lines PTC/GOP own resources).
About 5 % of PTC assets transferred to PTA, FAB & NTC.
PTCL Formed listed on all Stock Exchanges of Pakistan
Mobile & Internet subsidiaries established
Telecom Policy Finalized
Telecom Deregulation Policy Announced
26 % Shares by Etisalat UAE through open bidding
CURRENT SITUATION OF ORGANIZATION

After having brief introduction from past end of PTCL now
we move towards the current situation of the company .In
this part focus will be on the:
Structure of organization
Technical & operational Net work
Services provided by PTCL
Financial front of PTCL
Competitors and subsidies
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Structure of organization
An Organizational Structure clarify the roles of personnel
of an Organization and to determine who has to do what
task, which is responsible for what, objectives to be
achieved, who is to report to whom and to remove the
obstacles for performance caused by confusion and
uncertainty of job assignment as well as to make easy
decision- making and communication networks reflecting
and supporting organization objectives.The head of
Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited is called
President.Then come the SEVPs (Senior Executive Vice
Presidents), i.e. SEVP (Finance),SEVP (Operations), SEVP
(Technical), and SEVP (Human Resource
Management),SEVP (Marketing & Business Development).
Then there is a chain of Executive Vice. Presidents (EVPs)
like EVP (Finance Central), EVP (Marketing), EVP (HR
Central),EVP (Accounts), EVP (Operation), EVP
(Information Technology, Training &Research), and EVP
(Revenue). All these are appointed at Pakistan
Telecommunication Company, Headquarters at G-8/4,
Islamabad. Apart from these EVP, there are also EVP
Operation), EVP (HR) etc who are heading the other
regions of PTCL in major cities country wide. Then there
are Chief Engineers and General Managers at H/Qs who
report to their relevant EVP. Then there are Senior
Managers, Deputy Directors,
Assistant Directors, Account Officers, Assistant Account
Officers, Financial Analysts,Marketing Managers,
Computer Programmers, and IT Specialists etc.There are
also Regional Heads (General Managers) to head PTCL
Regions then come the Senior Managers (Operations),
Senior Engineers (Operations), Engineers to look after the
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telecom system of Regions. There are also Senior

Managers Finance, Account
Officers and Accountants to Handle Regional account and
billing matters. Manager HR & his staff are responsible to
take care of Personnel affairs at Regional Level.In nongazetted staff there are Engineering Supervisors
Operations /Switching /Power plant /Optical Fiber
system/M.W Media, Account Assistants, Stenographers,
Assistants,Key Punch Operators, Telecom Technicians,
Upper Division Clerks, Lower Division Clerks, Line Men,
Wire Men, Drivers, Exchange Cleaners, Naib Qasids and
Peons etc.All the staff is recruited by the HR Department
headed by SEVP HR. The HR experts are responsible for
hiring & to further streamline its recruitment process.
MAIN OFFICES
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The Head Office of Pakistan Telecommunication Company

Limited is situated in Sector G-8/4, Islamabad, which is
headed by the President. Besides, it has Regional
Headquarters like:
Islamabad Telecom Region,

Rawalpindi Telecom Region,
Hazara Telecom Region Abottabad,
Northern Telecom Region-I Peshawar,
Lahore Telecom Region (South),
Lahore Telecom Region (North),
Multan Telecom Region,
Faisalabad Telecom Region
Southern Telecom Region-I Hyderabad
Southern Telecom Region-II Karachi
Southern Telecom Region-V Sukkur
Western Telecom Region Quetta.
Switching network Central region Lahore.
These Regions provide Telecommunications services to

the customers in their respective areas. Apart from these,
PTCL has an Optical Fibre Construction Region Lahore and
Optic Fibre System Islamabad, each headed by a General
Manager to install, operate and look after optic fibre
systems/cables.
Technical & Operational Net Work

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Pakistan telecommunication Corporation under the Act

1996, Pakistan
Telecommunication Authority (PTA) issued a license to
Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited for the
provision of telecom services within Pakistan to private
sector and the general public as the Federal Government
may determine and during the exclusivity period of the
Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited (PTCL)
specified in above-mentioned Act. PTCL has 25 years
license to provide telecom services in Pakistan with Stake
in the Company with about 62% equity. PTCL has largest
network and huge infrastructure for its more than
4,405,161users as on (Mar,2008).
Switching Technology
There are 7 different kinds of switching technologies
currently operational in PTCL
network.
Alcatel
Siemens
NEC
Erricsson
Huawi
J.S telecom
ZTE
With these different switching technologies PTCL is

running its huge network and providing different
communication facilities to its customers.
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Current PTCL Network

Installed capacity
Working connections
Total exchanges
Telephone density per 100 population
Countries on ISD/(ISD STATION)
Customer service centers
Card pay phone
NWD stations
UIA stations
Total length of main optical fiber link
Optical fiber short haul links
Optical fiber spur links
5273091
4,405,161
2962
2.9
242
154
387,490
2092
1898
4591km
127.2km
3241km
These are few basic facts about PTCL network. So taking

over from posts & Telegraph Department in 1947 to now
providing sate of art technology it is really big
achievement.
TECHNICAL AND OPERATIONAL MILE STONES
PTCL is continuously improving its network. During the
year 2007 PTCL installed capacity was 4940154 but now
in current year the installed capacity is improved. PTCL
achieved 100% digitalization in this year.
Computerized Fault Management System
This feature of PTCL improved network & is being used to
register & rectify Land Line Faults in a computerized way.
This system was working in few cities but now it is
available all over the Pakistan. (18)
Launch Of IN Platform
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To augment the capacity and introduce additional value

added services a new Intelligent Network (IN) Platform
was launched in October 2003.This platform has higher
capacity for prepaid calling cards and provision for
introduction of new services.
Optical Fiber Junction Access Network
To further support the launch of new services the optical
fiber junction access network has been in implementation
phase. This system further supports the upcoming project
of PTCL WLL (wire less local loop), Broad Band Services &
IPTV.This was the brief introduction of PTCL network now
we move further and develop our understanding about
PTCL services and offerings.
SERVICES OF PTCL
Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited not only
Provides Conventional telephone facilities, it also offers
optical fiber services to the private sector. We will briefly
discuss below the product lines being offered by the PTCL.
Basically PTCL
divide their services into two parts.
1. Services for consumers
2. Services for corporate customers
Services for Consumers
These services are basically for the common users
(Individual/home users) those use telephone in their
home/work place and they are basically non business
users.
a) New Telephone Connections:
As mentioned earlier, PTCL is presently the only telecom
company, who provided
fixed-line telephony in the country. So whenever, any
Private business concern or any
P a g e | 17
individual needs a new telephone connection for provision

of telephone service.
b) Value Added Services:
CLI (Callers Line Identification)
Caller Line Identification (CLI): Calling line Identification
(CLI) allow customers toidentify the caller before picking
up the phone receiver. To subscribe to CLI services,
acustomer needs a telephone set with display capability
or a CLI device attached to the phone.
Advantages:
Check on obnoxious calls.
Complete record of incoming / outgoing calls with
time & date.
User Friendly
PREPAID CALLING CARDS
E-BILL PAYMENT
DIGITAL FACILITIES:
PTCL offers a variety of features to digital exchange
customers like: Hotline
Abbreviated Dialing.
Call Waiting
Dont Disturb
Call Transfer on (a) Busy (b) No Reply (c) Immediate
Wake up call
Absent Subscriber
Code Barring
SERVICES FOR CORPORATE CUSTOMERS
1. Universal Access Number (UAN)
2. Voice Messaging Service: (VMS)
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3. PTCL Messaging Plus

4. Co- Location Centers
5. Universal Internet Number (UIN) 131
6. Virtual Private Network (VPN)
7. Digital Cross Connect (DXX)
8. ISDN BRI/PRI
COMPETITOR OF PTCL
There is no meager competitor of PTCL in landline but
with the growth of telecommunication industry of
Pakistan competition increasing specially in mobile phone
sector. In total there are more then 800 million
subscribers of mobile phone.There are 3 big players in
mobile phone industry but 3 of them are the competitor
of
PTCL: Mobilink
Telenor
Warid Tel
Other players in Land Line industry:
Operat
or
NTC
Brain
Limit
ed
Custom
ers
103,05 7,376
9
Worl
d
Call
Union
Nay
Communica a Tel
tion
11,347
3,500
13,500
Mobilink
Mobilink is a largest mobile phone company of Pakistan.
Mobilink is currently having more then 31,958,597 users
base which is the 36% of total cellular industry of
P a g e | 19
Pakistan.Mobilink is basically competing Ufone which is

subsidiaries of PTCL.
Telenor
Telenor is another cell phone company it have
17,841,074 subscribers which is 20 % of total mobile
industry.
Warid Tel
Waridtel is also providing cell phone facilities in Pakistan.
Waridtel having more then 15,114,678 subscribers
which is 17% of Pakistan mobile industry.
NEW COMPETITORS
Other than mobile & land line PTCL is facing competition
in F.W.T (Fixed Wireless Telephone) product market. Below
are the major competitors.
Telecard 501,680
World Call 468,335
This has added competition for PTCL (1,245,639) in WLL
(Wireless local Loop) field.
P a g e | 20
BRIEF ON MY INTERNSHIP WORK

During my internship at PTCL I worked in fallowing
department of PTCL
1.SWITCHING
2.TRANSMISSION
But My most attractive one is SWITCHING.so Ive
discussed here just about switching
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INAP : Intelligent Network Application Part

ISUP : Integrated Service digital network User Part
IP : Intelligent Peripheral
LE : Local Exchange
SCP : Service Control Point
SSP : Service Switching Point
ROLE OF AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT CONTROL STATION

(SMA)
The Auxiliary Equipment Control Station (auxiliaries
multiprocessor station)supports the following functions
ETA : Auxiliary Equipment Manager : Management of
tone and of
auxiliary equipments,
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PUPE : SS7 Protocol Handler : Processing of ITU No. 7

Protocol.
AN : V5.2 protocol processor
According to the configuration and the traffic to be
handled, one SMA can support an auxiliary equipment
manager software machine (ETA), a SS7 Protocol Handler
Software Machine (PUPE), or both.
The SMA stations containing the ML AN are dedicaced to
this ML.
When the ML AN is loaded,there are at least, two SMAs
with MLAN
The auxiliary equipment control station contains
auxiliaries of the OCB 283 exchange. These are :
frequency receivers/generators,
conference circuits,
V23 function,
tone generators,
clock management,
ITU No. 7 signalling receivers/transmitters,
V5.2 signalling receivers/transmitters.
ROLE OF MAIN CONTROL STATION

The Main Control Station (SMC) supports the following
functions
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MR (Call handler) : call processing,

CC (Communication Controller) : processing of the
SSP application,
TR (Translator) : database,
TX (Charging) : charging for communications,
MQ (Message Distributor) : message distribution,
GX (Matrix System Handler) : management of
connections,
GS (Services management) : SSP application,
PC (SS7 Controller) : signalling network
management.
According to the configuration and the traffic to be
handled, one or more of these functions may be
supported by the same Main Control Station.
PURPOSE OF THE SMM MAINTENANCE
MULTIPROCESSOR STATION
supervision and management of the ALCATEL 1000
E10 system,
storage of system data,
control station defence,
supervision of communication multiplexes,
man-machine communication processing,
overall initialisation and reinitialisation.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
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The SMT 2G (PCM Trunk Control Station) carries out the

following
Connection and management of 128 x 2Mbit/s PCM
links,
Management of exchange termination unit,
Reception and transmission of signalling,
Pre-processing of channel-associated signalling,
Transmission of synchronising (LSR-LVR) signals to
the Synchronisation and Time Base Station (STS).
Operation of Switching Matrix System
Connections are established in both branches.
Selection of the active branch for a Time Slot (TS) is
carried out by comparing the outgoing time slots of each
branch.
3 control bits permit the following functions for each
branch :
carrying, by Time Slot parity, from the incoming
Branch Selection to the outgoing Branch Selection,
setting, by matrix link, selection of the active branch,
monitoring connection on request,
metering of quality of transmission on request.
Supervision of the unit is carried out by the connections
management software machine (Matrix System Handler
GX).
The 5 additional bits are available for external utilisation
(signalling on leased lines....).
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Activation/Deactivation of VAS
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Complaint Registration for Faulty Phone
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CONCLUSIONS
No doubt PTCL is enjoying monopoly but the time is came
when competition will force company to change its
policies to become favorite telecom service provider in
the market & keep its current place & customer base. The
actual working substances are the
human beings .It goes with out saying that Human
resources are the most important in the organization and
so does the Human Resource Department .It integrate all
the activities and functions of the company like job
analysis, recruitment, staffing, training, designing
compensation package, employees appraisal system.
Human Resource Department plays the key role in the
hiring, retention, motivation and promotion of the
employees .Actually it assign the specified duties to the
specified persons in this age of specialization. Human
Resource manager should be well versed and confident in
his field. He should be humane, well natured and have go
face reading capabilities .All this
ensures his success.He should be of the notion victory is
not everything, but the way of fighting is.

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In the name of ALLAH, most Gracious,

PTCL (Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited)