Seismic analysis of plan irregular multi-storied

building using STAAD pro

Sai pradeep.p* , Dr.S.Elavenil**
School of Mechanical and Building Sciences, VIT University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
Email:saipradeep.polapala@gmail.com*
Email: elavenil.s@vit.ac.in**

Abstract: This paper aims at studying description of different

plan irregularities by analytical method during seismic
events. The behaviour of building during earthquake
depends critically on its overall shape, size and geometry
building with simple geometry in plan have performed well
during strong past earthquake but building with U,V,H,+
and octagonal structures shaped in plan have sustained
significant damage.
In recent past, several studies have been
carried out to evaluate the response of irregular buildings
work that has been already done pertaining to the seismic
response of vertically irregular buildings frames. Buildings
with plan irregularities are common in the affected area.
Keywords: Plan irregularity, Seismic analysis, Modeling by
S TAAD Pro, Moment resisting frames, Dynamic analysis

I. INT RODUCTION
Buildings are the complex system and mult iple items
have to be considered at the mo ment of designing them.
Earthquake field investigations repeatedly confirm that
irregular structures suffer mo re damage than regular
counter parts .This is recognized in seismic design codes
and restrictions on abrupt changes in mass and stiffness are
imposed. Elevation irregularities have been observed to
cause storey failu re due to non uniform d istribution of
demand to ratios along the height. Plan irregularit ies, on
non-uniform demand to capacity ratios amongst the
columns within a single floor-by-floor basis have been used
for many years in the form of storey-drift ratios that
provide a simple nu mber that portrays the demand to
supply picture along height of structure. Quantitatively,
readily available and verified measures of demand to
capacity ratios over the plan of structure subjected to
bidirectional t ransit dynamic loading and responding in the
inelastic range are still taking.
II.LITERATURE REVIEW
M.R.Wakchaure et al have analysed plan irregular mu lti
storied building to estimate seis mic performance and
effects of structural irregularity in stiffness, strength, Tsection and Oval shaped irregular p lan geo metric forms
which are repeated in areas such as Mumbai in ETA BS
9.7v considering 35 and 39 storied build ings, to determine
effect of p lan geometric form on seismic behaviour of
structures with elastic analyses considering gust factor

using dual system for structural analysis. Shear wall

positions are located in form of co re and colu mns are
considered as gravity as well as lateral colu mns. Two types
of models namely strength and serviceability models are
developed. In strength model all the lateral systems (i.e.
shear walls, bracings, coupling beams) are to be analysed.
Raul Gon zalez et al have analysed damages
caused by different plan irregularit ies during seismic events
of different magnitudes ,the geometric forms that are
repeated more in urban (squared,rectangular,U-sectionalsection) modelled in SAP2000 considering one, two and
four levels to determine effect o f geo metry in seis mic
behaviour of structures with elastic analysis .
Rucha.S.Bangin war Et al have studied
effects of p lan configurations on the seismic behavior of
structure by response spectrum method by using Indian
Standard Code (IS-code) of practice IS-1893(PartI: 2002)
guidelines and methodology. The behavior of building
during earthquake depends critically on its overall shape,
size and geo metry. Bu ild ing with simp le geo metry in p lan
have performed well during strong past earthquake but
building with U, V, H& + shaped in plan have sustainable
damage. In h is work .In his proposed work the effect of
plan configurations on the behavior of structure of already
constructed building located in the same area during
earthquake which is analy zed by response spectrum
method.
S.K.Dubey and P.D.Sangamnerkar have analyzed the
Behavior of asymmetric RC build ings. The main object ive
of their study is to understand different irregularity and
torsional response due to plan and vertical irregularity and
to analyze T-shaped building while earthquake forces acts
and to calculated additional shear due to torsion in the
column. Additional shear due to torsional mo ments are
considered because this increase in shear forces causes
columns to collapse. So in design procedures additional
shear is taken into account.

For this modelling

height 3.0m, 32m
Irregular in p lan is
height of building

III.M ODELLING
,an 13-storey building with each storey
in both X d irection and Y direction
modelled as shown in fig2. The storey
is constant including ground storey is

3.0m. The build ing are modelled using software STAAD

Pro .The modelled G+13 mu lti storied build ing is provided
with lateral load resisting systems such as mo ment resisting
fames, bracings and shear wall in order to strengthen
building against earthquake loads. Dead load and live load
have been taken as IS 875 (part-I) and IS 875(part-II)
respectively.

Response reduction factor= 5

Importance factor = 1
Damping= 5%
Time period=0.84 sec
Seis mic intensity = Moderate
Zone factor = 0.16
Estimation fundamental t ime period T a using
emp irical expressions given in the code IS:
1893:2002
Ta= 0.075 H0.75 for bare frame along each axis
= 0.09h/sqt (d) for frame with substantial in fills
Along X-axis
= 0.09h/sqt (b) for frame with substantial in fills
Along Z-axis
Floor load= slab thickness x density
0.12 x 25 = 3 N/ mm2
Live load = 2.5 KN/ m2 as per IS 875 part (II)

Fig.1 T he plan of building model

TABLE-1 MODELING DETAILS

No of stories
Floor to floor
height

G+13

Beam size

400 x 230 mm

Colu mn size

400 x 230 mm

3m

Thickness of Slab 120mm

Grade of concrete M 20
Fe 415
Grade of steel
S EIS MIC LOAD CALCULATION:
Base Shear (Vb ) = A h x W
A h = area of horizontal seismic coefficient
W= seismic weight (dead load+ live load)
A h = Z I Sa/ 2R g
Z= zone factor
I = importance factor
R= response reduction factor
Sa/g = Average response acceleration coefficient.
Selection of Zone= III (Chennai)
Type of Soil = med iu m

Fig2: Elevation of building with inclined bracings (G+13)

Fig: 4 Max displacements.

Fig3: Seismic loads on building in X+ve direction.

IV.RESULTS
Analysis of G+13 storied building by using bracings as
lateral load resisting systems
TAB LE-2
Mode
1
2
3
4
5

Frequency
3.046
3.256
3.391
4.752
4.859

Period
0.32890
0.30717
0.29493
0.21045
0.20580

Accuracy
6.230E-16
9.510E-16
4.405E-13
3.888E-04
8.329E-03
Fig: 5 Bending moment diagram.

In the above table we have seen that time period, frequency

and the accuracy where the seismic behaviour acts at
different modes.
Calculated frequency estimates which are of lower
accuracy.

TABLE-3
Mode

Frequency

Ti me
peri od

2.952

0.33897

2
3.017
0.33150
3
3.076
0.32511
Sum of modes=361.926

Modal
mass
proporti oning rati os
XYRzTrans
Trans
rot
0
57.593
0
0
0

57.791
59.716

0
0

VI.CONCLUSION

V.GRAPHS

Fig:6 Bending moment diagram under action of Live load.

Fig: 7 Shear force diagram in Y direction.

The main purpose of this study is to analyse plan irregular

high rise building by STAAD Dynamic analysis has been
carried out to know time period, natural frequency,
deformations, displacements and floor responses by using +
shaped model. The analysis include part icipation of 90% of
the building mass for every principal horizontal d irection of
response as per IS 1893(Part-I)-2002 by comp lete
Quadratic Co mbination (CQC).
The time period for mode 1 is 0.3387 sec for mode 2 is
0.3315 sec for mode 3 is 0.3215sec and for mode 4 and 5
the time periods is 0.3173 sec and 0.2670 sec respectively.
In the analysis high performance concrete with modern
structural framings such as mo ment resisting frames are
emp loyed. As per analysis plan irregularity rat ios for +
shaped model is calculated by A/L ratio to be .34375 fro m
the study of plan geometry The build ing is tested for
distinct load combinations and weaker parts are found to be
staircase and lift duct which are reinforced by providing
mo ment resisting frames where ever necessary in order to
ascertain and withstand seismic loads for zone III

VII. REFERENCES
[1]
Fig:8 Shear force diagram in X direction
[2]

[3]
[4]
[5]

[6]

Fig:9 Variation of My and Mz in KN-M for every 0.5m increment in

height of building

Fro m the graph we can see the variation on mo ment in Y

direction with a slight change in time period and frequency
for zone factor of 0.16 i.e., seismic analysis of plan
irregular building in location of zone III.

Rucha.S.Banginwar,M.R.Vyawahare,P.O.Modani, Effect of Plan

Configurations on the Seismic Behavior of the structure By
Response Spectrum Method ,International Journal of Engineering
Research and Applications(IJERA),Vol2,May-June2012
M.R.Wakchaure,Anantwad Shirish, Rohit Nikam, Study Of Plan
Irregularity On High-Rise Structures, International Journal of
Innovative Research & Developement, Vol 1 Issue 8 October 2012.
IS 4326:1993 Earthquake Resistant Design and Construction of
Buildings - Code of practice
IS 1893(Part 1):2002 `Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design
of Structures : Part 1 General provisions and Buildings
Raul Gonzalez Herrera and Consuelo Gomez Soberon,
Influence Of
Plan Irregularity Of Buildings, 14 th World
Conference on Earthquake Engineering October 12-17, 2008,
Bejing, China.
S.K.Dubey and P.D.Sangamnekar, Seismic Behavior of
Asymmetric RC Building, International Journal of Advanced
Engineering Technology, Vol II October-December 2011.