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Cm
0.481 nF
2.268 nF
54.47 nF
0.406 nF
0.401 nF
2.184 nF
0.480 nF
57.21 nF
2.747 nF
54.94 nF
56.73 nF
0.481 nF
54.84 nF
2.624 nF
Calculated
(From measured values)
------------------0.393 nF
0.397 nF
2.177 nF
0.477 nF
57.22 nF
2.749 nF
54.95 nF
56.74 nF
0.477 nF
54.87 nF
2.658 nF
N.B. You must use the measured value for Cx, Cy and Cz in your calculations ( indicates
a series connection while // indicates a parallel connection). Comment on your results;
agreements must be noted and discrepancies explained.
According to the calculations where in paralleh Ceq=C1 + C2 and
in series: (1/Ceq) = (1/C1) + (1/C2), the values calculated and measured is slightly
different and this difference may be due to some random errors.
Measured Values
15 cm
3.7 103 inches
1.667 nF
1.486 nF
1.614 nF
Uncertainty on values
0.05 cm
5 105 inches
0.0316 nF
0.001 nF
0.001 nF
Use the measurements of the diameter and the separation to calculate the value of C air.
How does this value compare to the measured one?
2
D 2 0.15
A r 2
0.0177 m 2
4
4
0 A ( 8.85 1012 0.0177 )
Cair=
=
=1.67 nF
d
3.7 103 25.4 103
To calculate error: C=
C
d
d
r 2
0 2 d
d
C
r
r
0 A 0 r 2
=
d
d
2 0r
r
d
(8.85 10 12 ) (7.5 10 2 ) 2
(5 10 5 25.4 10 3 )
6 2
(93.98 10 )
2(8.85 10 12 ) (7.5 10 2 )
(5 10 4 )
6
(93.98 10 )
Cmeasured = 1.486 nF which doesnt belong to the range so we check if it belong to the
range:
[C 2 c , C 2 c ]
[1.61nF ,1.73nF ]
This is also untrue so most probably there is systematic error.
Find the dielectric constant (/0) of the material used and its uncertainty using the
theory of propagation of errors.
C d=k C air = k =
k
C
Cd
C d
Cd 1.614
=
=1.083
Cair 1.486
2
k
Cair
C air
1
1.614
0.001
0.001
1.486
1.486
0.0013
0.0177 m 2
4
4
0 A ( 8.85 1012 0.0177 )
Cair=
=
=1.713 nF
d
3.6 103 25.4 103
To calculate error: C=
C
d
d
r 2
0 2 d
d
C
r
r
0 A 0 r 2
=
d
d
2 0r
r
d
(8.85 10 12 ) (7.5 10 2 ) 2
(5 10 5 25.4 10 3 )
6 2
(91.44 10 )
2(8.85 10 12 ) (7.5 10 2 )
(5 10 4 )
6
(91.44 10 )
(5.672 10 22 ) 0.024nF
Find the dielectric constant (/0) of the material used and its uncertainty using the
theory of propagation of errors.
C d=k C air = k =
k
C
Cd
C d
k
Cair
C air
0.001
1.528
Cd 3.034
=
=1.986
Cair 1.528
3.034
0.001
1.528
0.0021nF
Inner conductor
diameter (a)
0.018
0.037
RG 174
RG58
Cadapter
Cable #1 RG 174
Cable #2 RG 174
Cable 1 + Cable 2
Shield
inner diameter (b)
0.061
0.110
Length
(m)
Capacitance
with adapter
--------
0.004 nF
142.4c
m
106.9c
m
--------
0.154 nF
0.110 nF
0.265 nF
Capacitance
Without
adapter
----------
Outer diameter
0.110
0.195
Capacitance/length
(F/m)
--------
--------
0.150 nF
1.053x10-10 F/m
0.106 nF
0.992x10-10 F/m
0.261 nF
----------------------
Determine from your measurements the dielectric constant of the material used in each of
the two cables.
C 2k 0
L
b
ln
a
C
b
ln
L
a
So, k
2 0
0.15 10 9
0.061
ln
1.424
0.018
k1
2.312
12
2
(
8
.
85
10
)
For cable 1:
0.106 10 9
0.061
ln
1.069
0.018
k2
2.176
12
2
(
8
.
85
10
)
For cable 2:
Note that the connector between the two cables has a small capacitance. Determine the
capacitance of the connector: Cconnector= (C1+C2)-C1-C2=0.265-0.110-0.154=0.001nF
Upon connecting the two coaxial cables with the BNC connectors, can you tell whether
the cables in parallel or in series? Explain.
Since (C1 + C2)measured = 0.265 nF is approximately equal to C1measured+C2measured=0.264nF
So they are connected in parallel since in parallel Ceq = C1 + C2
If they were in series: 1/Ceq=1/C1 +1/C2, So Ceq=(C1xC2)/(C1+C2) = 0.064 nF which
is not the case.
They are connected in parallel.