HTML Links

HTML Links
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Links are found in nearly all Web pages. Links allow users to click their way from page to page.
Try it Yourself - Examples

HTML links
How to create links in an HTML document.
(You can find more examples at the bottom of this page)
HTML Hyperlinks (Links)

The HTML <a> tag defines a hyperlink.
A hyperlink (or link) is a word, group of words, or image that you can click on to jump to
another document.
When you move the cursor over a link in a Web page, the arrow will turn into a little hand.
The most important attribute of the <a> element is the href attribute, which indicates the links
destination.
By default, links will appear as follows in all browsers:
An unvisited link is underlined and blue
A visited link is underlined and purple
An active link is underlined and red
HTML Link Syntax

The HTML code for a link is simple. It looks like this:
<a href="url">Link text</a>
The href attribute specifies the destination of a link.
Example
<a href="http://www.w3schools.com/">Visit W3Schools</a>
which will display like this: Visit W3Schools
Clicking on this hyperlink will send the user to W3Schools' homepage.
Tip: The "Link text" doesn't have to be text. It can be an image or any other HTML element.
HTML Links - The target Attribute

The target attribute specifies where to open the linked document.
The example below will open the linked document in a new browser window or a new tab:
Example
<a href="http://www.w3schools.com/" target="_blank">Visit W3Schools!</a>
Try it yourself
HTML Links - The id Attribute

The id attribute can be used to create a bookmark inside an HTML document.
Tip: Bookmarks are not displayed in any special way. They are invisible to the reader.
Example
An anchor with an id inside an HTML document:
<a id="tips">Useful Tips Section</a>

Create a link to the "Useful Tips Section" inside the same document:
<a href="#tips">Visit the Useful Tips Section</a>
Or, create a link to the "Useful Tips Section" from another page:
<a href="http://www.w3schools.com/html_links.htm#tips">
Visit the Useful Tips Section</a>
Imagelink
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>Create a link of an image:

<a href="default.asp">
<img src="smiley.gif" alt="HTML tutorial" width="32" height="32"></a></p>
<p>No border around the image, but still a link:

<a href="default.asp">
<img border="0" src="smiley.gif" alt="HTML tutorial" width="32"
height="32"></a></p>
</body>
</html>
MAiLTO link
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>
This is an email link:
<a href="mailto:someone@example.com?Subject=Hello%20again" target="_top">
Send Mail</a>
</p>
<p>
<b>Note:</b> Spaces between words should be replaced by %20 to ensure that
the browser will display the text properly.
</p>
</body>
</html>
How to enable <video> and <audio> tags in all major browsers
To make HTML5 video and audio tags work in all major browsers, simply add the following line
of code somewhere in the <head> of your document.
<script src="http://api.html5media.info/1.1.5/html5media.min.js"></script>
That's it! There is no second step!

How to embed video
You can embed video into your page using the following code.
<video src="video.mp4" width="320" height="200" controls preload></video>
For more information and troubleshooting, please visit the video wiki page.
How to embed audio
You can embed audio into your page using the following code.
<audio src="audio.mp3" controls preload></audio>
For more information and troubleshooting, please visit the audio wiki page.
Why use html5media?
HTML5 video and audio tags were designed to make embedding a video as easy as embedding
an image. They were also designed to give users a faster experience by doing away with browser
plugins such as Adobe Flash.
Unfortunately, older browsers don't support HTML5 video and audio tags, and even modern
browsers don't support a consistent set of video codecs, making embedding a video rather
difficult.
The html5media project makes embedding video or audio as easy as it was meant to be. It's a
fire-and-forget solution, and doesn't require installing any files on your server. Unlike many
other HTML5 video players, it allows people to use the video controls supplied by their own web
browser. It's one of the smallest, fastest solutions available, and as browser technology improves
it will become even faster.
Video code html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<video width="320" height="240" controls autoplay>

<source src="movie.ogg" type="video/ogg">
<source src="movie.mp4" type="video/mp4">
<source src="movie.webm" type="video/webm">
<object data="movie.mp4" width="320" height="240">
<embed width="320" height="240" src="movie.swf">
</object>
</video>
</body>
</html>
Video code 2
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>Playing the Object</h2>
<embed src="intro.swf" width="200" height="200"><p>If you cannot see this,

your computer doesn't support the format</p>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<object height="200" width="200" data="intro.swf"></object>
</body>
</html>
Problems, Problems, and Solutions
Displaying videos in HTML is not easy!
You must add a lot of tricks to make sure your video will play in all browsers (Internet Explorer,
Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Opera) and on all hardware (PC, Mac , iPad, iPhone).
In this chapter W3Schools summarizes the problems and the solutions.
The <embed> Element
The purpose of the <embed> tag is to embed multimedia elements in HTML pages.
The following HTML fragment displays a Flash video embedded in a web page:
Example
<embed src="intro.swf" height="200" width="200">
Try it yourself
Problems
If the browser does not support Flash, the video will not play
iPad and iPhone do not support Flash videos
If you convert the video to another format, it will still not play in all browsers
Using The <object> Element
The purpose of the <object> tag is to embed multimedia elements in HTML pages.
The following HTML fragment displays a Flash video embedded in a web page:
Example
<object data="intro.swf" height="200" width="200"></object>
Try it yourself
Problems:
If the browser does not support Flash, the video will not play
iPad and iPhone do not support Flash videos
If you convert the video to another format, it will still not play in all browsers
Using the HTML5 <video> Element
The HTML5 <video> tag defines a video or movie.

The <video> element works in all modern browsers.
The following HTML fragment displays a video in OGG, MP4, or WEBM format:
Example
<video width="320" height="240" controls>
Your browser does not support the video tag.
</video>
Try it yourself
Problems:
You must convert your videos to many different formats
The <video> element does not work in older browsers
The Best HTML Solution
The example below uses 4 different video formats. The HTML 5 <video> element tries to play
the video either in MP4, OGG, or WEBM format. If this fails, the code "falls back" to try the
<object> element. If this also fails, it "falls back" to the <embed> element:
HTML 5 + <object> + <embed>
<video width="320" height="240" controls>
<object data="movie.mp4" width="320" height="240">
<embed src="movie.swf" width="320" height="240">
</object>
</video>
Try it yourself
Problems:
You must convert your videos to many different formats
The YouTube Solution
The easiest way to display videos in HTML is to use YouTube (see next chapter)!
Using A Hyperlink
If a web page includes a hyperlink to a media file, most browsers will use a "helper application"
to play the file.
The following code fragment displays a link to a Flash video. If a user clicks on the link, the
browser will launch a helper application to play the file:
Example
<a href="intro.swf">Play a video file</a>
Try it yourself
A Note About Inline Videos
When a video is included in a web page it is called inline video.

If you plan to use inline videos, be aware that many people find it annoying. Also note that some
users might have turned off the inline video option in their browser.
Our best advice is to include inline videos only in pages where the user expects to see a video.
An example of this is a page which opens after the user has clicked on a link to see the video.
HTML Multimedia Tags
New : New tags in HTML5.

Tag
Description
<embed>
Defines an embedded object
<object>
<param>
Defines a parameter for an object
<audio>Ne
Defines sound content
w
<video>New Defines a video or movie
<source>Ne Defines multiple media resources for media elements (<video> and
w
<audio>)
<track>New Defines text tracks for media elements (<video> and <audio>)
Previous
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>Click the Link to Play the Object</h2>
<a href="intro.swf">Play a video file</a>
</body>
</html>
AUDIO TAGS
HTML Audio
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Sounds can be played in HTML by many different methods.
Problems, Problems, and Solutions
Playing audio in HTML is not easy!

You must know a lot of tricks to make sure your audio files will play in all browsers (Internet
Explorer, Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Opera) and on all hardware (PC, Mac , iPad, iPhone).
In this chapter W3Schools summarizes the problems and the solutions.
Using Plug-ins
A plug-in is a small computer program that extends the standard functionality of the browser.
Plug-ins can be added to HTML pages using the <object> tag or the <embed> tag.
These tags define containers for resources (normally non-HTML resources), which, depending
on the type, will either be displayed by the browsers, or by an external plug-in.
Using The <embed> Element
The <embed> tag defines a container for external (non-HTML) content.

The following code fragment should play an MP3 file embedded in a web page:
Example
<embed height="50" width="100" src="horse.mp3">
Try it yourself
Problems:
Different browsers support different audio formats
If a browser does not support the file format, the audio will not play without a
plug-in
If the plug-in is not installed on the users' computer, the audio will not play
If you convert the file to another format, it will still not play in all browsers
Using The <object> Element
The <object tag> tag can also define a container for external (non-HTML) content.
The following code fragment should play an MP3 file embedded in a web page:
Example
<object height="50" width="100" data="horse.mp3"></object>
Try it yourself
Problems:
Different browsers support different audio formats
If a browser does not support the file format, the audio will not play without a
plug-in
If the plug-in is not installed on the users' computer, the audio will not play
If you convert the file to another format, it will still not play in all browsers
Using the HTML5 <audio> Element
The HTML5 <audio> tag defines sound, such as music or other audio streams.
The <audio> element works in all modern browsers.
The following example uses the <audio> tag, and specifies one MP3 file (for Internet Explorer,
Chrome, and Safari), and one OGG file (for Firefox and Opera). If anything fails it displays a
text:
Example
<audio controls>
<source src="horse.mp3" type="audio/mpeg">
<source src="horse.ogg" type="audio/ogg">
Your browser does not support this audio format.
</audio>
Try it yourself
Problems:
You must convert the audio files into different formats
The <audio> element does not work in older browsers
The Best HTML Solution
The example below uses the HTML5 <audio> element and tries to play the audio either as MP3
or OGG. If it fails, the code "falls back" to try the <embed> element:
Example
<audio controls height="100" width="100">
</audio>
Try it yourself
Problems:
You must convert the audio files into different formats
The <embed> element cannot "fall-back" to display an error message
Yahoo Media Player - An Easy Way to Add Audio to Your Site
The FREE Yahoo Media Player is definitely a favorite: You simply let Yahoo do the job of
playing your songs.
It plays MP3 and a lot of other formats. You can add it to your page (or blog) with a single line of
code, and easily turn your HTML page into a professional playlist:
Example
<a href="horse.mp3">Play Sound</a>
<script src="http://mediaplayer.yahoo.com/latest"></script>
Try it yourself
To use it, insert the following JavaScript at the bottom of your web page:
Then, simply link to your audio files in your HTML, and the JavaScript code automatically
creates a play button for each song:
<a href="song1.mp3">Play Song 1</a>
<a href="song2.wav">Play Song 2</a>
...
...
The Yahoo Media Player presents your readers with a small play button instead of a full player.
However, when you click the button, a full player pops up. Note that the player is always docked
and ready at the bottom of the window. Just click on it to slide it out.
Using A Hyperlink
If a web page includes a hyperlink to a media file, most browsers will use a "helper application"
to play the file.
The following code fragment displays a link to an MP3 file. If a user clicks on the link, the
browser will launch a helper application to play the file:
Example
<a href="horse.mp3">Play the sound</a>
Try it yourself
A Note About Inline Sounds
When sound is included in a web page, or as part of a web page, it is called inline sound.
If you plan to use inline sounds, be aware that many people will find it annoying. Also note that
some users might have turned off the inline sound option in their browser.
Our best advice is to include inline sounds only in pages where the user expects to hear sounds.
An example of this is a page which opens after the user has clicked on a link to hear a recording.
HTML Multimedia Tags
New : New tags in HTML5.

Tag
Description
<embed>
<object>
<param>
Defines a parameter for an object
<audio>Ne
Defines sound content
w
<video>New Defines a video or movie
<source>Ne Defines multiple media resources for media elements (<video> and
w
<audio>)
<track>New Defines text tracks for media elements (<video> and <audio>)
Previous
Next Chapter
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>If you cannot hear the sound, your computer or browser doesn't support the
sound format.</p>
<p>Or, you have your speakers turned off.</p>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<audio controls>
Your browser does not support this audio format.
</audio>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<audio controls>
</audio>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p><a href="horse.mp3">Play mp3</a></p>
<p><a href="liar.wav">Play wav</a></p>
</body>
</html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>Linking To a Song</h2>
<p><a href="horse.mp3">Click here to play the sound</a></p>
</body>
</html>

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HTML Links

Try it Yourself - Examples

HTML Hyperlinks (Links)

An unvisited link is underlined and blue

A visited link is underlined and purple

An active link is underlined and red

HTML Link Syntax

HTML Links - The target Attribute

HTML Links - The id Attribute

<a id="tips">Useful Tips Section</a>

<p>Create a link of an image:

<p>No border around the image, but still a link:

That's it! There is no second step!

<audio src="audio.mp3" controls preload></audio>

<video width="320" height="240" controls autoplay>

<h2>Playing the Object</h2>

<embed src="intro.swf" width="200" height="200"><p>If you cannot see this,

<object height="200" width="200" data="intro.swf"></object>

Displaying videos in HTML is not easy!

The <embed> Element

iPad and iPhone do not support Flash videos

Using The <object> Element

iPad and iPhone do not support Flash videos

Using the HTML5 <video> Element

The HTML5 <video> tag defines a video or movie.

You must convert your videos to many different formats

The <video> element does not work in older browsers

The Best HTML Solution

You must convert your videos to many different formats

The YouTube Solution

A Note About Inline Videos

When a video is included in a web page it is called inline video.

HTML Multimedia Tags

New : New tags in HTML5.

Defines an embedded object

Defines an embedded object

Defines a parameter for an object

Sounds can be played in HTML by many different methods.

Problems, Problems, and Solutions

Playing audio in HTML is not easy!

Using The <embed> Element

The <embed> tag defines a container for external (non-HTML) content.

Different browsers support different audio formats

Using The <object> Element

Different browsers support different audio formats

Using the HTML5 <audio> Element

You must convert the audio files into different formats

The <audio> element does not work in older browsers

The Best HTML Solution

You must convert the audio files into different formats

The <embed> element cannot "fall-back" to display an error message

Yahoo Media Player - An Easy Way to Add Audio to Your Site

A Note About Inline Sounds

HTML Multimedia Tags

New : New tags in HTML5.

Defines an embedded object

Defines an embedded object

Defines a parameter for an object

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