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Moistur

Zones Light e
Soil texture Soil pH

Alfalfa
Alpine Strawberry
Amaranth
American Persimmon
Arugula
Asparagus
Austrian Winter Pea
Bali Cherry
Barberry
Barberry, Mexican/Red
Beetberry
Buckwheat
Buffalo Grass
Buffaloberry 'Sakakaweja'
Bur oak
Burdock
Cherry, western sand
Chicory
Chinese Chestnut
Chinese Magnolia
chinquapin
Chokecherry, Canada Red
Comfrey
Creeping Raspberry
Currant, alpine
Currant, American Black
Currant, clove/buffalo

Some
shad
5e
Full
0 Some
sun
shad
4e
Sun
or
shad
e

Drought
tolerant
Moist
S, L, C
Drought
tolerant

acid-neutral

Moist

Moist

3
Some
shad
3e
Full
sun
full
5 sun
full
2 sun

6.8 7.5

S, L, C

6.5 or
higher

S, L, C
Drought
tolerant v
Dry
S, L
Drought
tolerant
moist

Buckwheat
apparently
tolerates
a
slightly acid
wide range
of soil pH
(Bugg, pers.
comm.).

Some
shad Drought
2e
tolerant S, L, C
Some
shad
Some
e
shad
3 Some
e
shad
3e
Full
2 Full
sun
shad
4b e
Some
shad
Some
2e
Sun
shad
4 or
e
shad
e
Some
shad
3 Some
e
shad
3b e

Moist
Drought
tolerant S, L, C

7-9

Moist
Drought
tolerant

4.5 - 8.5

Moist

Moist

S,L,C

Moist
Drought
tolerant
Drought
tolerant
Moist/W
et
Drought
tolerant

s,l,c

(S, L) C
(S, L) C
(S, L) C

Some
shad Drought
e
tolerant (S, L) C

Currant, Golden
Dandelion
Dwarf chestnut oak
Echinacea
Egyptian Onions
Fava Bean/Broad Bean
Fenugreek
Gamote/Widewing
Springparsley
Ginger, wild
Goji Berry/ Wolfberry
Good King Henry
Gooseberry, mountain
Goumi

Some
shad Drought
3 - 8e
tolerant s,l
Full
0 sun
Full
6 sun
Shad
3 - 8e
Full
5 sun

Drought
tolerant S, L, C

Dry
Moist
S, L, C
Drought
tolerant S, L, C

Some
shad
S
e ome
(S, L) C
shad Drought
5 - 8e
tolerant S, L

Grain Sorghum
Grape
Ground Nut
Groundplum Milk Vetch
Highbush Cranberry
Honeylocust, thornless
Honeypod Mesquite

Some
shad
3 - 10 e
Full
Some
3 to 8 sun
shad
2e

Moist

S, L

Full
7 sun

Dry
S, L
Moist/W
et
S, L, C
Drought
tolerant
Drought
tolerant

Some
shad
4e
Sun
Full
6 - 9 or
sun
shad
4e

Moist
S,L,C
Drought
tolerant S, L, C
Drought
tolerant S, L

4-8

Moist

neutral to v.
acidic

Hull-less Barley
Hull-less Oats
Jostaberry
Jujube
Kinnikinnick/Bearberry
Kiwi, hardy
Korean Pine
Lab Lab Hyacinth Bean
Lady's Mantle

Drought
Some tolerant
shad Drought
5e
tolerant

neutral acidic

Lamb's Quarters
Lamb's Quarters/Huauzontle
Lead Plant
Lily of the Valley
Lotus
Lovage

Full
0 (?) sun
Sun
or
shad
3 Some
e
shad
5 Some
e
shad
e

Lowbush Blueberry
Lupine
Motherwort
Mountain Mahogany
Mustard
Nanking Cherry
New Zealand Spinach
Oregon grape
Paw Paw
Pinon Pine
Plum, American
Prickly Pear
Proso Millet
Prostrate Broom
Quinoa
Ramps
Rhubarb
Rocky Mountain Bee Plant
Rosemary 'arp'
Running club moss
Running Juneberry
Salad Burnet
Salsify

Drought
tolerant S,L,C
Drought
tolerant
Drought
tolerant

5.1-8.5

Moist
moist

Some
shad Drought
3e
tolerant
Full
6 sun Dry
S
Some
shad
2e
Full
Some
sun
Sun
shad
6 or
e
shad
5 - 7e
Full
Some
5 sun
shad
3e
Full
5 - 9 sun
Full
6 - 8 sun
Full
0 sun
Shad
Some
4 - 8e
shad
3e
Full
3/10/2010 sun
Partia
Full
5 - 9 lsun
shad
1 - 8e
Full
4 sun
Full
5 sun

moist
S, L, C
Drought
tolerant
Drought
tolerant (S, L) C
Moist
Dry
Drought
tolerant S,L,C

neutral

Dry
Drought
tolerant
Drought
tolerant
Moist

6 - 8.5
S, L

Moist
S, L, C
Drought
tolerant S, L, C
Drought
tolerant
Drought
tolerant
Drought
tolerant S (L, C)
Moist

S, L, C

5.5-7

Saltbush
Saltbush, Four-wing
Sand Cherry
Sea Buckthorn
Sea Kale
Serviceberry/Saskatoon
Serviceberry, Shadblow
"Pigeon Berry" (Amelanchier
alnifolia var. pumila)
Sheep Sorrel
Siberian Pea Shrub
Silverberry
Soapberry
Sorrel, Garden
Spilanthes

Full
8 sun
Full
7 Some
sun
shad
3 Some
e
shad
3 Some
e
shad
4 - 8e

Drought
tolerant
Drought
tolerant S, L
Drought
tolerant
Drought
tolerant S, L, C
Drought
tolerant
Drought
2 Some tolerant S (L, C)
shad
2 - 3e
Moist
S (L, C)
Full Drought
3 sun tolerant
Full Drought
2 - 9 sun tolerant
Full Drought
2 - 6 sun tolerant
Full Drought
8 Some
sun tolerant S, L, C
shad Drought
3 - 9e
tolerant
Full
sun Moist

Spruce, Colorado

Moist

Stanley Plum
Sunchoke (Jerusalem
Artichoke)

Some
shad
2 - 10 e
Moist

basic,
neutral

6.5-8
5.5-7
5.5-7
acid-neutral

acidic

Sundrops
Sweet Cicely
Sweetfern
Sylvetta Arugula
Thread-leaved coreopsis
Thyme
Tomatillo
Valerian

Some
Partial Moist
shad Drought
2 - 6e
tolerant
Full Drought
3 sun tolerant
Full
SunPartia
l
Shad
5 - 8e
Moist

Vetch
Walnut, black

Wild Indigo

Full
4 - 10 sun
Full
2 sun

Wild lupine

Welsh Bunching Onions

5.5-7

S, L, C

Drought
tolerant
moist
Drought
tolerant
Moist

5.5 - 8

Wintergreen, christmas
Wood Nettle
Wooly Thyme

Partia
l - full
shad
4e
Shad
3 - 8e
Full
6 Some
sun
shad
3 Some
e
shad
4e

Drought
tolerant S, L

Acidic

Moist
Drought
tolerant S,L
Drought
tolerant S, L, C

acid

Moist
S

Form

Widt Root
Height h
Span

Lifespan

herb

3' (1m)

annual

Growth
Rate
Native?

shrub

fruit
seeds,
leaves
x

herb,
large

5'

shrub 10'
shrub,
large 20'

6'

Sprouts

m
s-m

2'

fruit

w coastal
Europe
stalks

3'
annual

shrub

Edible?

Nit
rog
en
Dynamic
fix Ground Accumul
Medicinal? er? cover? ator?

annual

berries
x
x

berries
Leaves,
berries
leaves
and seed

annual
shrub, l 15'

15'

berries

acorns
treatment of
xkidney
diseases
fruit
and
leaves,
menstrual
roots
and
nuts
menopausa
(cooked)
l problems.
Cree
berry
Indians
used the
nuts
fruit of
Ribes
fruit
glandulosu
m
x as a
fertility
enhancer to
berries
assist
women in
becoming
berries
pregnant.

root

herb,
large

5-8'
slightly
acidic Shrub 1-2'
shrub,
m
30'

x
f
100 yrs +

s
shrub

3-5'

3-5'

6'

indef

f
perennial

berry

x
(phospho
rous)
x

berries

clinically
verified as
an effective
treatment
for premenstrual
syndrome.
[1]
x

herb,
large

x
3-4'

1-2'

1
herb,
mediu
m
1'
shrub,
shrub, 4"
m
mediu
m

shrub,
large 6-8'
vine
(large) 20'

acorns

m-f

annual

Bean
Herb,
seed

annual
1'

1'

m-f

berries

20'
10'25'

fruit

tuber
leaves,
fruit

shrub,
tree
very
large 12-25' 30'

x
x

berry

6-8'

Vine, M 4'
herb
(small) 6-15" 1-2'
shrub
(large) 6-12' 6-12'

roots
tubers
berries,
shoots

x
x

fruit
x

pods

berries

fruit

berries

annual
tree,
smallShrub 6'
6'
mediu
15m
15-30' 30'
shrub,
med

annual
perennial

vine

fruit
nuts
annual

herb

perennial

Bean

x
x

annual
4'

2'

leaves,
infloresce
seeds
nce,
seeds

herb
Herb
Large
herb

x
1"

1-2'

3-5'

1-2'

leaves,
stalks
berries

annual
herb
shrub
(large) 6-20'

x
s-m

annual

large
shrub

fruit

1'
shrub,
s
1'
shrub
(l)
15"

indef

tree

50'

annual

4-8'

6'

mountains berries

15"

35'

s-m

nuts,
fruit
needle
tea

fruit

fruit, pads

tree
shrub

annual
6-20'

3'

herb
(small) 4 - 8" 3' +

herb
shrub,
small/
herb
mediu
m
herb,
small
Shrub,
M

5'

4'

3'

1'

3-4'

3-4'

herb

5-12" indef

4-6'

Indef

2'

1'

stalk
x

leaves,
seeds
leaves,
root

f
annual

leaves

herb
x
berry
leaves

Shrub
shrub,
m
Shrub,
m
shrub,
large

other
members
of genus leaves
leaves,
x
seeds

6'

9'

5'

5'

3-6'

3'

15-30 yrs

20'

10'

15-30 yrs

berries

herb, m 2-3'
Shrub,
L
18'
Shrub,
M
15'

3'

5-10 yrs

m-f

leaves

15'

15-30 yrs

herb
6"
Shrub,
large

indef

perennial
15-30 yrs

berry

For
inflamation
and
x pain
x
when fruit
ingested
*http://www.
ncbi.nlm.nih
.gov/pubme
d/15997850

leaves

pods

fruit

9'

40'

herb

1'

herb

12"

x
s

2'

sw us

perennial

x
leaves

x
x

tree
herb,
large

fruit

berries

15-30 yrs
tree

6-12'

indef

perennial

tubers
x

shrub, s3'
shrub,
small 3'

3'

Herb, S 1'

1'

leaves, roox

4-8'

s-m

tea

2-5 yrs

leaves
x

x
herb

annual

shrub,
med
4-6'

x
annual

herb,
mediu
m
2-3'
6'

1-2'

perennial

s-m

2'

perennial

bulbs,
leaves

x
x

seeds

herb

1-3'

1-3'

herb

1"

indef

shrub,
mediu
m
5' - 8'

perennial

fruit,
leaves as
cooking x
tea
greens,
tea
x

perennial

leaves

fruit
f

berries
x

Nectary Cover
?
crop?

Notes
Tolerates
heavy crop.
clay. Fruit
normal
strawberries
Excellent cover
Usedisassmaller
hay forthan
cows
(especially
milk),
(1.5
cm)
but abundant.
Loses vigor after first few years. Likes
goats,
sheep,
and horses.
pine needle mulch. Grows well with bush beans, spinach,
Hi
protein.
Drought-tolerant
once established. Sown in late
borage,
lettuce
and pyrethrum
may/early june. Cuttings root easily. >1000 lbs grain/acre in
upper midwest.
Stalks are harvested in the spring and are a good source of
protein and fiber. Can be eaten steamed, boiled, pickled, or raw
in salads. A good companion plant for tomatoes, parsley and
basil
Good cold-season cover crop. Edible sprouts. Fixes nitrogen at
70-125 lbs/acre. Does well in heavy soils.
the 1/2 in fruit has a very acid flavor and is mainly used in
preserves, though can be eaten raw when it is fully ripe.
excellent
detoxifier. sow
in spring or
autumn
15 cmseeds
apart.and
selfAccumulates
phosphorus.
Edible
sprouts,
Abundant red,soluble
tart berries
are somewhat
seedy.
Thorny leaves
sows.
likes fast-growing
sandy
soil.
Burdock
burs
were
also
theyield,
inspiration
flour.
"very
cover
crop
has
low
grain
but
is to
Self-seeding
annual
with
edible
leaves
and
small
red
berries.
good as hedge. Fragrant flowers.
the
of Velcro
fasteners,
who
became
curious
about
tolerant
of very
cool
temps,
is
high
in lysine.
Widely
usedthe
as
Likeinventor
its relatives
Quinoa
andand
Lamb's
Quarters,
the
leaves
burs
after
taking
his
dog
for
a
walk
one
day,
and
finding
them
a
bee plant,
greenand
manure,
plant
for seedlings,
to
contain
saponins
should"nurse"
be rinsed
before
eating. and
stuck
the dogs
furspring
afterward.
Bysummer.
observing
thegrow
hooked
barbs
attractinwildlife.
Plant
or late
Will
on nearly
on
the
burs,
he
was
able
to
manufacture
a
product
that
any soil, but prefers light, well-drained soil."
replicated Burdocks seizing qualities. early 1940s George
de Mestral, a Swiss inventor, became curious about the seeds of
the burdock plant that had attached themselves to his clothes
and
to the dogs
fur.fruit.
Under
a microscope,
looked
closely at
Currant-like
yellow
Thorns
make fruit he
tough
to harvest.
the hook-and-loop system that the seeds use to hitchhike on
passing animals aiding seed dispersal, and he realized that the
same approach could be used to join other things together. The
result was Velcro."
"The
crisp,
leaves
add flavor
bite toShallow-rooted.
salads, and can be
Fruit up
to 1bitter
in. can
be eaten
raw orand
cooked.
braised
or boiled.
The roots of all types can be dried and
Fruits best
in full sun.
roasted, then ground for a coffee flavoring or substitute, or can
Very
drought-tolerant
established,
succeeds in a variety of
be cooked
and eaten once
like carrots
or parsnips"
Lemony
berries.abundant
Leaves can
bethat
used
asbe
tea.
Does
in fullcrop
soils. Produces
nuts
can
used
as well
a staple
shade.
Drought intolerant - requires irrigation. The fully dormant
when cooked.
plant is hardy to about 0 F, though the young growth in spring
Hardy
-40 F. Nomadic
plains tribes pounded the dried berries
can betodamaged
by late frosts.
and
seeds in
into
circular
cakes. "Processed
into syrups
and
Succeeds
drysmall,
soils once
established.
Sweeter nuts
than other
jellies,
the flavor can be best described as tart cherry with a
chestnuts.
mellow almond flavor. Trees are adaptable to shade and grow in
Permaculture
all-star
plant:
crop, -weed
almost all types
of soils
andcover
locations."
OTCbarrier, chicken
feed, "living mulch", accumulates phosphorous, many medicinal
uses, great compost activator

OTC: one of the only currants that can be eaten raw. Best to
have 2 plants for pollination. They appear to be self infertile.
Hardy
to -30 F. EFG: most drought-tolerant currant. PFAF: clovehttp://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=RIAM2
scented flowers. ripens from late July and can hang on the bush
until early autumn. Can also be dried for winter use.

PFAF:
"Thedrought-tolerant
plant has a general stimulatory effect on the immune
somewhat
system and is widely used in modern herbal treatments".
Drought-tolerant once established. Attracts slugs. Harvest and
dry roots and/or tops of mature plants and use in teas and
decoctions. Great guide to growing and harvesting:
http://www.gardenguides.com/howto/tipstechniques/herbs/coneflower.asp

Cold-season cover crop. Fixes nitrogen up to 150 lbs/acre.


Large, protein-rich seed.

Cold-season cover crop.

very little info available.

can
behave
toughpungent
to start,peppery
but onceginger
established,
Roots
smell grows quickly & can
grow in poor soil - can become invasive. recovers well from
pruning. Hardy to about -15 F. Good for erosion control.

Drought tolerant nitrogen fixer, hardy to -20 F. Great for hedges


and companion planting. "The fruit must be fully ripe before it
can
be enjoyed
raw, if even slightly under-ripe it will be quite
doesn't
sound delicious
astringent... the fruit is well hidden in the shrub and is quite
difficult to harvest without damaging the plant."
Grows naturally in low marshy areas of NE United States,
forming long thin roots with tubers at intervals along their length.
Can
twine around
plantsheavy
for support,
trail on
the
Will produce
after neighboring
3rd year. Require
pruningoreach
year
ground.
Tuber is 17% protein and takes 2-3 years to reach a
thereafter.
sizeable harvest. Can be eaten raw or cooked. Best when
Somewhat
to grow,
transplants.
harvested indifficult
autumn.
storesesp
wellfor
until
the spring."The fruits are
edible. They are very juicy and taste a little like pea pods. They
were eaten by Native Americans and early settlers."

Tolerates heavy clay. Drought-tolerant once established.

x
x

Invasive. Fruits even during drought. Bark gum is candy or


wound treatment. Wood is also multifunctional.
Succeeds well in poor soils. Cultivars 'Anchor Bay', 'Point Reyes'
and 'Vulcan's Peak' have all been mentioned as good
groundcover forms. 6mm fruit is best dried or cooked. "leaves
are
picked
any
during
theeven
summer
andsoil.
dried
for usetolerant.
in
Hardy
to -13
F. time
Grows
quickly
in poor
Drought
infusions,
medicinal
tea bags fruit
and can
tablets.
The
Respondsliquid
well toextracts,
coppicing.
1/2-inchx1-inch
be eaten
plant
the Increases
following claimed
anti-lithic, aromatic,
raw orhas
dried.
immuneproperties:
system resistance
astringent, disinfectant, diuretic, lithontripic, sedative (renal),
stimulant (mild), tonic, urinary antiseptic." - Wikipedia

x
x

Easy-to-grow
partially
shaded
areas, spreads
easily.
"The
Warm-seasonincover
crop.
Fixes nitrogen
up to 150
lbs/acre.
herb
alterative,for
antirheumatic,
astringent, diuretic,
Edibleis substitute
garbanzo beans.
emmenagogue, febrifuge, sedative, styptic, tonic and vulnerary"
(PFAF)

Common garden weed - self-sows freely in most soils. Indicator


of nitrogen-rich soils. Good companion for potatoes, corn and
cucurbits. Leaves are good spinach substitute. Contains
Attractive
All parts
of the plants
are
poisonous and
saponins, ornamental.
which can cause
indigestion
unless
cooked/rinsed.
should be used with supervision. "Lily of the valley encourages
the heart to beat more slowly, regularly and efficiently, at the
same time it is strongly diuretic, reducing blood volume and
leaves
and
stalks
have strong
celery taste and can be eaten
lowering
blood
pressure"
- PFAF
cooked or raw. Not everyone finds the taste agreeable. Leaves
are available early in the season. Regenerates when cut back to
ground during growing season. Grows quickly in moist soil. Good
companion plant.

"historically used in China to prevent pregnancy and to regulate


menstruation. Motherwort is also used to ease stomach gas and
cramping, menopausal problems, and insomnia..." - Wiki
CRMPI: coppice for chicken fodder and mulch. poison (?)
Drought-tolerant, grows in poor soils. Taste is like a tart grape.
Relatively
littletart
flesh
andReliable
a lot of crop.
seeds. Root and root bark
Small, slightly
fruit.
improves
digestion and
andweather.
is takenTaste
internally
Spreadingthe
groundcover
thatabsorption
thrives in hot
and in
the
fevers, psoriasis, syphilis,
use treatment
are similaroftocoughs,
spinach.
Native
to SE USA
- Nebraska
to Florida
(largest
nativeand
american
haemorrhages,
stomach
complaints,
kidney
problems
fruit).
requires
some
irrigation
in
CO
climate.
Hardy
to
-30
F.
impure blood conditions.
Begins bearing in 4 - 6 years and yields up to 75 lbs per tree.
Slow-growing at first, established plants average 1-2 feet growth.

x
x

traditional source of protein


Most members of this genus are shallow-rooted and will produce
suckers if the roots are damaged.
needles
Well-suited to high elevations with warm days and cool nights.
Drought-tolerant but prefers moist soil. Sow in april. Must
thoroughly rinse to remove saponins before eating. "The leaves,
stem-tips
anddisturbance
young flowers are excellent in salads, having a
dislikes root
mild sweet flavor, and very succulent. Also good cooked like
spinach or added to soups." - JLHS
Tart
is fairly
harvested
in Requires
early spring.
Can be
eaten
but isthe
Plantstem
bulbs
deeply.
relatively
rich
soil.raw
Inhibits
usually
stewed
with sugar or fruit. Roots have many medicinal
growth of
legumes.
properties. Grows best in moist, loamy soil but tolerates a wide
variety of conditions.
Edible leaves. Attracts bees. Used by Anasazi and Navajo as
"fourth sister". Pretty purple-pink flowers in July-Aug

Grows true to seed


Mild perennial salad green with cucumber flavor. Can turn bitter
in hot, dry conditions.

x
x
x
x

x
x

anywhere from below sea level to 8,000'. Taproots that can


reach down 20' tolerate soils containing salt, selenium, boron,
and alkalis, but accept slightly acid soils, deep sandy loams,
heavy
clays,
washes...
Thegrow
leaves
Tolerates
dryand
and gravel
salty soils.
Doesn't
wellcontain
in clay high
soil. levels
of
protein
and
the
winter,frosts
but saponin
them
"Plants
can
becarotene
damagedinby
severe
but theymakes
soon recover"
unpalatable
in the summer
when
theyre producing
seed."
NAG
- PFAF. A. Halimus
might need
a sheltered
microclimate
to-grow
"The
be madeainto
a soapy
lather to
and
as aarea
in CO,leaves
but A.can
canescens,
relative,
is native
theused
Denver
wash
on itches
and
rashes
suchbyasNative
chickenpox.
A poultice of the
and was
used as
a fuel
source
Americans.
crushed leaves can be applied to ant bites to reduce the pain
and swelling." - PFAF
Produces acidic 1/4-inch berries high in vitamins A and C. A
high-quality
medical
is cm
produced
from the fruit. Less tart (but
pretty good fruit
- up oil
to 2
in diameter
less nutritious) after a frost. As the name implies, the branches
are quite thorny. Grows on dunes and sea cliffs in the wild.
likes good, rich, deep soil and an open and sunny position with
Good
feed,
seeds
are 36%
protein, good hedge
plenty chicken
of compost
and
manure.
drought-tolerant
(thorny), winter hardy, drought tolerant. New growth can be
trimmed
andtoleft
on ground as nitrogen-rich mulch. "The seeds
Grows true
seed
are
edible
cooked.
Small, but
produced
in abundance,
there are
attracts
wildlife.
Detoxifier
when
juiced, makes
lemonade-like
4
- 6 seeds
perseed.
pod.
Havingflavor
a bland
it Hardy
isacid
best->
used
drink
when
lemony
to
oxalic
raw
leaves
Grows
true boiled.
to
Plants
fruit
indue
2-3flavor,
years.
to
-40 in
F
spicy
dishes. The
has anutrients.
mild pea-like
seed
in hi quantities
willraw
lockseed
up other
Dark flavor.
green The
to brown
contains
of acan
fattybe
oilobtained
and up to
36%
protein,
and dark 12.4%
grey dyes
from
the
roots. and it has
been recommended as an emergency food for humans http://www.djroger.com/Siberian%20Pea%20Shrub.htm
OGW tastier, BRN hardier. good for hedgerows, poor soils,
Leaves
are available
year-round
aGood-smelling
good
microclimate.
Fruit
contains
saponins
that
makeif aingood
natural
detergent.
windbreaks.
Resent
root
disturbance.
flowers
However,
"they
tend to be
almost
tasteless early
on, gradually
Antimicrobial
properties
good
for disinfecting
greywater
and
gaining
cisterns their characteristic and desired acidity and flavor as the
season wears on". lemony flavor due to oxalic acid -> raw leaves
in hi quantities will lock up other nutrients.
Heavy
with
little maintenance.
Tubers
sweeten
after leaves
frost.
used toyield
make
a useful
+ multifunctional
tincture.
chewing
Can
take
over if not managed. Contains inulin, which can cause
numbs
mouth
indigestion. Long-term storage, boiling, or slow roasting will
convert inulin to starches, making tubers more easily digestible.
"The first frost kills the stems and leaves, but the tubers can
withstand freezing for months" - PFAF "Whole tubers or pieces
about 2 oz. should be planted like potatoes and covered to a
PFAF:
"Excellent
raw, the leaves have a delicious sweet aniseed
depth of
5 in."- PFAF
flavour and are liked by the majority of people who try them...
They can be cooked with tart fruits in order to reduce their
Valerian root has been shown to encourage sleep, improve sleep
acidity. The plant produces fresh leaves from late winter to early
quality and reduce blood pressure. Dry, rocky soil produces more
the following winter."
potent
oilsdry
than
"When
grown
for Leaves
its medicinal
Tolerates
soilfertile
whensoil.
grown
in the
shade.
are root,
the
plant
should
not
be
allowed
to
flower."
"Valerian
(Valeriana
Common
roadside
weed
in
many
places
(CO?).
Prolific
leaves
astringent, blood purifier, expectorant and tonic.
officinalis,
is a hardy
perennial
flowering
plant,
taste bitterValerianaceae)
like Arugula. "Prefers
dry soils
and dislikes
shade.
with
heads
of
sweetly
scented
pink
or
white
flowers...Valerian
Very resistant to heat" - PFAF.
was used as a perfume in the sixteenth century...Native to
Europe and parts of Asia, Valerian has been introduced into
North America...Valerian, in pharmacology and phytotherapic
medicine, is the name of a herb or dietary supplement prepared
from roots of the plant, which, after maceration, trituration,
dehydration processes...may be used for certain effects
including sedation and anxiolytic effect." Wikipedia
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valerian_(herb))

Very hardy and easy to grow. bulbs are small (.5-1 inch
diameter) but have strong flavor. leaves have mild onion flavor
and can be eaten raw or cooked. repels insects.

Dye plant, attractive perennial flower

"The bright red fruits are attractive and remain on all winter.
Really a good edible groundcover and will spread with its dense
growth habit. Needs acidic soil with lots of organic matter." - OTC
Excellent groundcover: good in cracks and paths. Tolerates
being
on occasionally. OK edible. Likes sandy soil.
stings walked
before cooked
Thymes dislike wet conditions, especially in the winter. Hardy to
Somewhat
drought-tolerant.
Fruit isonly
astringent,
should
approx. 10 F
(sunny microclimates
in Denver
area)be
Hardy
to -40F,
very
easy to
grow,
andahas
few High
pest and
sweetened
before
eating.
better
after
frostvery
or two.
in
disease
problems.
Greatpolyphenols,
fresh or made
into preserves.
vitamin C,
antioxidants,
bioflavonoids,
and tannins
Dioecious (two varieties of similar bloom time are needed for
pollination.)

If Edible: Flavor
Profile

Don't harvest first two years to allow roots to get established.

not frost hardy plant after frost danger, plant will die as seeds mature,cut and dry in sun to let green seeds mature then thresh

South American seed doesn't seem to do well,I bought Black quinoa from a place in the San Louis Valley and its doing very we

Don't harvest first year to allow roots to get established. Harvest just a few stalks per plant the second year.

green seeds mature then thresh.

Louis Valley and its doing very well in full sun some plants are 7 feet high.The only soil additions I used were bagged steer manure tilled in 8

second year.

bagged steer manure tilled in 8 inches.Last year my black quinoa failed because of drought and root maggots but still managed to pop a fe

ots but still managed to pop a few seeds out.Use seed sparingly as every single one will germinate,the plants will tiller out if given room and

s will tiller out if given room and create multiple seed heads.This is definitely a plant I will stick with in the future.

Code
AP
BRN
FF
GG
HCG
HH
IMC
OGW
OTC
UWG
SoC
BG
JLHS
WNS

Name
Alplains

Location
Kiowa, CO
Onalaska, WA
Forestfarm
Williams, OR
Guzman's Greenhouse
High Country GardenSanta Fe, NM
Horizon Herbs
Williams, OR
Intermountain CactusUT
One Green World
Molalla, OR
Oikos Tree Crops
MI
Underwood Gardens Chino Valley, AZ
Seed Of Change
Santa Fe, NM
Bountiful Gardens Willits, CA
J.L. Hudson Seeds La Honda, CA
Western Native SeedCoaldale, CO

MSG
RMRP

Morning Sky Greenercentral MN


Rocky Mtn Rare PlantFranktown, CO

Website
Notes
alplains.com
Large selection of wild-harvested wester
burntridgenursery.com
forestfarm.com
guzmansgreenhouse good tree selection
xeriscaping, cacti, agave, flowers. not m
horizonherbs.com
huge herb selection. informative site.
intermountaincactus.com
onegreenworld.com
oikostreecrops.com
underwoodgardens.com
seedsofchange.com great selection of open-pollinated organi
bountifulgardens.org wide variety of heirloom open-pollinated
Exhaustive catalog. Not especially userhttp://westernnative Specializes in CO natives. Not many edi
http://blackfootnative Nursery of hardy western plants.
http://www.morningskNative prairie starts
http://www.rmrp.com Alpine seeds from around the world. Op

lection of wild-harvested western seeds. difficult site to navigate - search by species name only, no photos or other info.

ng, cacti, agave, flowers. not many edibles.


b selection. informative site.

AFCM= Alternative field crops manual, http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/afcm/am

ection of open-pollinated organic seeds for the west.


ety of heirloom open-pollinated vegetables and fruits. seeds only.
ve catalog. Not especially user-friendly site.
es in CO natives. Not many edibles. Seed only.
of hardy western plants.

eeds from around the world. Open Nov-March only.

ort.purdue.edu/newcrop/afcm/amaranth.html

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