Middle Ages (500

Celtic art,

St. Sernin,

Viking Raids (793

1400)

Carolingian

Durham

1066); Battle of

Renaissance,

Cathedral, Notre

Hastings (1066);

Romanesque,

Dame, Chartres,

Crusades IIV (1095

Gothic

Cimabue,

1204); Black Death

Duccio, Giotto

(13471351); Hundred
Years' War (1337
1453)

Early and High

Rebirth of

Ghiberti's Doors,

Gutenberg invents

Renaissance

classical culture

Brunelleschi,

movable type (1447);

Donatello,

Turks conquer

Botticelli,

Constantinople (1453);

Leonardo,

Columbus lands in New

Michelangelo,

World (1492); Martin

Raphael

Luther starts

(14001550)

Reformation (1517)
Venetian and

The Renaissance

Bellini,

Council of Trent and

Northern

spreads north-

Giorgione,

Counter-Reformation

Renaissance

ward to France,

Titian, Drer,

(15451563);

(14301550)

the Low

Bruegel, Bosch,

Copernicus proves the

Countries,

Jan van Eyck,

Earth revolves around

Poland, Germany,

Rogier van der

the Sun (1543

and England

Weyden

Mannerism (1527

Art that breaks

Tintoretto, El

Magellan

1580)

the rules; artifice

Greco,

circumnavigates the

over nature

Pontormo,

globe (15201522)

Bronzino, Cellini
Baroque (1600

Splendor and

Reubens,

Thirty Years' War

1750)

flourish for God;

Rembrandt,

between Catholics and

art as a weapon

Caravaggio,

Protestants (1618

in the religious

Palace of

1648)

wars

Versailles

Neoclassical

Art that

David, Ingres,

Enlightenment (18th

(17501850)

recaptures

Greuze, Canova

century); Industrial

Greco-Roman

Revolution (1760

grace and

1850)

grandeur
Romanticism

The triumph of

Caspar

American Revolution

(17801850)

imagination and

Friedrich,

(17751783); French

individuality

Gericault,

Revolution (1789

Delacroix,

1799); Napoleon

Turner,

crowned emperor of

Benjamin West

France (1803)

Realism (1848

Celebrating

Corot, Courbet,

European democratic

1900)

working class and

Daumier, Millet

revolutions of 1848

peasants; en
plein air rustic
painting
Impressionism

Capturing fleeting

Monet, Manet,

Franco-Prussian War

(18651885)

effects of natural

Renoir, Pissarro,

(18701871);

light

Cassatt,

Unification of Germany

Morisot, Degas

(1871)

Post-

A soft revolt

Van Gogh,

Belle poque (late-

Impressionism

against

Gauguin,

19th-century Golden

(18851910)

Impressionism

Czanne,

Age); Japan defeats

Seurat

Russia (1905)

Fauvism and

Harsh colors and

Matisse,

Boxer Rebellion in

Expressionism

flat surfaces

Kirchner,

China (1900); World

(19001935)

(Fauvism);

Kandinsky, Marc

War (19141918)

emotion distorting
form
Cubism, Futurism,

Pre and Post

Picasso,

Russian Revolution

Supremativism,

World War 1 art

Braque, Leger,

(1917); American

Constructivism, De

experiments: new

Boccioni,

women franchised

Stijl (19051920)

forms to express

Severini,

(1920)

modern life

Malevich

Dada and

Ridiculous art;

Duchamp, Dal,

Disillusionment after

Surrealism(1917

painting

Ernst,

World War I; The

1950)

dreamsand

Magritte, de

Great Depression

exploring the

Chirico, Kahlo

(19291938); World

unconscious

War II (19391945) and

Nazi horrors; atomic

bombs dropped on
Japan (1945)
Abstract

PostWorld War

Gorky, Pollock,

Cold War and Vietnam

Expressionism

II: pure

de Kooning,

War (U.S. enters 1965);

(1940s1950s) and

abstraction and

Rothko, Warhol,

U.S.S.R. suppresses

Pop Art (1960s)

expression

Lichtenstein

Hungarian revolt (1956)

without form;

Czechoslovakian revolt

popular art

(1968)

absorbs
consumerism
Postmodernism

Art without a

Gerhard Richter,

Nuclear freeze

and

center and

Cindy Sherman,

movement; Cold War

Deconstructivism

reworking and

Anselm Kiefer,

fizzles; Communism

(1970 )

mixing past styles

Frank Gehry,

collapses in Eastern

Zaha Hadid

Europe and U.S.S.R.

(19891991)