EEM 42 Three Phase Asynchr Machines Dahlander Motor

Course
"EEM 42 Three-phase asynchronous machines: Dahlander

motors"
Picture source: SEW Eurodrive
SH5002-1H Version 2.1

Author: M.Germeroth
Lucas-Nlle GmbH Siemensstrae 2 D-50170 Kerpen (Sindorf)
Phone: +49 2273 567-0
www.lucas-nuelle.de
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Copyright 2008 LUCAS-NLLE GmbH.

All rights reserved.
LUCAS-NLLE Lehr- und Messgerte GmbH

Siemensstrae 2 D-50170 Kerpen
EEM42 Three-phase asynchronous machines
Training objectives
Equipment - 300W Classic Series
Safety
Asynchronous motor, Dahlander circuit
Connection and starting
Rotation reversal
Load characteristic
Copyright
1
2
3
5
7
15
21
31

Training objectives
Welcome to the three-phase asynchronous machines course. The

LUCAS-NLLE team wishes you lots of fun and success in working
through the course subjects and conducting the experiments. The
following pages provide an overview of the topics and required materials.
This course is intended to impart a practical knowledge of three-phase
asynchronous machines.
Experiments focus on investigating the functionality, response and effect of threephase asynchronous motors with polarity reversal according to Dahlander .
Training objectives
Motor operation
Nominal data, rating plate
Delta connection, double-star connection
Dahlander pole reversal
Measurement of phase-to-phase and line-to-linevariables
Rotation reversal
Power measurement with and without mechanical loads
Prerequisites
Fundamentals of electrical machines

Fundamentals of electrical engineering
Use of measuring equipment

Equipment - 300W Classic Series
SO3636-6V
SE2662-2A
SE2667-2B
SE2672-3K
SO3212-5U
SO3212-2H
SO5127-1Z
SO5148-1F
SO5126-9X
SO5126-9Z
servo drive/servo brake, 300 W

Coupling sleeve, 300 W
Coupling guard, 300 W
Three-phase motor with squirrel cage rotor,
300 W
Power supply for electrical machines
Dahlander pole reverser
Analog/digital multimeter, wattmeter, powerfactor meter
Set of 47 safety connecting leads, 4 mm
Safety connection plug, 19/4 mm
Safety connection plug, 19/4 mm, with tap
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
15
5

Safety
Basic safety instructions
In all experiments using mains voltages, high, life-threatening voltages arise. For
that reason use only safety measurement leads and make sure that there are no
short-circuits.
It is imperative that all of the devices, which are provided with an earth or where
earthing is possible, must be earthed. This is particularly the case for the frequency
converter being used.
Always be very careful to check the wiring of the application modules and only
switch on the mains voltage after a check has been completed. Whenever possible
use a robust current monitoring instrument in the circuit..
Always use shaft-end guards and coupling guards as protection against contact with
rotating motor parts.
All locally applicable stipulations and standards governing how electrical equipment
is handled must be complied with.

Safety
General instructions on handling the equipment
Check that the knurled screws at the base of the motor and the coupling
sleeves (power grip) on the motor shaft are all securely fastened.
Use shaft and coupling guards.
Any prolonged running of the machines when operating under high loads can
subject the machines to excessive heating.
The extreme case of the machine being prevented from rotating entirely may
only arise briefly.
All of the machines are equipped with a thermal circuit-breaker, which triggers
when the maximum permissible operating temperature is exceeded. These
switching contacts are accessible on the terminal board and must always be
connected to the corresponding connection sockets of the mains supply and
control unit.
All measurements have been recorded using conventional measuring
instruments (primarily class 1.5) at the standard mains voltage (230/400V +5%
-10% 50Hz) using standard production machines. Experience suggests that
measurements will lie within the tolerance range of +/-15% with respect to the
specified measurement. For more information on this please refer to
VDE0530.


The following exercises involving an asynchronous motor and Dahlander
circuit are conducted on the next few pages:
Connection and starting

Rotation reversal
Load characteristic


Training content: "Connection and starting"
Identify the terminal connections of the motor and operate the

motor as a three-phase asynchronous motor on a three-phase
mains network
Utilise the nominal data of the motor based on the rating plate
Measure the phase voltage and phase current
Put the motor into operation with a Dahlander pole reverser
Identify the differences between delta and double star
connections
Understand the function of a pole reverser
Put the motor into operation with the brake
Subject the motor to load
Enter the nominal data for the asynchronous machine

Nominal power (delta)
____W
Nominal power (doublestar) ____W

Nominal voltage
____V
IN delta
____A
IN double star
____A
cos (delta)
____
cos (double star)
____
Rated speed (delta)
____rpm
Rated speed (double star) ____rpm

Frequency
____Hz

Assembly instructions: "Connection and starting"
Assemble the circuits as specified in the following circuit diagram and

set-up instructions
Switch on the brake. This does not yet subject the motor to any load
Additional More detailed information on the brake can be found in the

corresponding online documentation
Circuit diagram: "Connection & starting"

Set-up: "Connection & starting"
Starting asynchronous motor with switch in position 1

Required settings:
Brake mode: Torque control
Experiment procedure:
Put the motor into operation and observe its response

Brake the motor down to its nominal speed
At the same time measure the phase variables Uphase and Iphase
Make sure that the ammeter and voltmeters have been connected properly

Specify the type of connection.

Star connection
Delta connection
Double star connection
What do you measure the torque to be with the switch on setting 1?

M= ____Nm
What do you measure the phase variables Uphase and Iphase to be?
Uphase= ____V
Iphase= ____A
Starting asynchronous motor with switch in position 2

Required settings:
Brake mode: Torque control
Put the motor into operation and observe its response

Brake the motor down to its nominal speed
Measure the phase variables Uphase and Iphase
Make sure that the ammeter and voltmeters have been connected properly
10

Specify the type ofconnection.

Star connection
Steinmetz connection
Double star connection
What do you measure the torque to be with the switch on setting 2?

M= ____Nm
What do you measure the phase variables Uphase and Iphase to be?
Uphase= ____V
Iphase= ____A
11

Record a load characteristic for both switch positions
Required settings:
Brake mode: Speed control
Record a load characteristic in each case (switch positions 1 & 2) for delta and
double star connections.
Brake the motor to the speeds stipulated in the table.
Enter the measured values (M, Iphase) in the tables.
Table 1 (Switch position 1)
3.00
2.75
2.50
2.25
2.00
1240
1160
1080
1000
4.0
3.5
1.50
2.5
1.25
2.0
0.50
1320
4.5
3.0
0.75
1400
5.0
1.75
1.00
12
M/Nm
I/A
n/(1/min)
M/Nm
I/A
1.5
1.0
0.25
0.5
0.00
0.0
1000
1050
1100
1150
1200
1250
1300
1350
1400
1450
1500
n/(1/min)

Table 2 (Switch position 2)
3.00
2.75
2.50
2.25
2.00
1.75
1.50
1.25
1.00
0.75
0.50
0.25
0.00
M/Nm
I/A
n/(1/min)
M/Nm
I/A
2800
2640
2480
2320
2160
2000
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2900
n/(1/min)
Record load characteristics for both switch positions with the

ActiveDrive/SimuLoad software
Required settings:
Brake:
PC mode
13

Start the ActiveDrive/ActiveServo software.

Select speed control operating mode.
The motor is to be braked in 20 steps till it stops. ( Note: in
ActiveDrive/ActiveServo, enter the required number of steps under "Presets" > "Default" -> "Ramp".)
The asynchronous motor's load characteristics are to be recorded for delta
and double star connections.
Start with a delta connection.
Both load characteristics are to be recorded on one graph.
Label and scale the graph as indicated by the placeholder.
The following parameters are to be recorded:
Torque M
(n)
Mechanical power P
2(n)
After measurement is complete, export the resultant graph and copy it into the
placeholder below.
Save the settings for the ActiveDrive/ActiveServo software for future
experiments in a file named "eem42_LoadCharacteristic".
Placeholder for load characteristic
(delta and double-star connection)
14

Training content: Rotation reversal
Identify the difference between clockwise and anti-clockwise

rotation
Start the motor in both rotation directions
Definition of rotation direction

If you look at the drive shaft end of the asynchronous machine from the perspective
of the working machine (in our case the brake), the rotating direction is positive
when it is clockwise. If the motor has two workable shaft ends, then it is the shaft
end opposite the cooling vents, collector or slip-rings that is the shaft end which
defines the rotation direction.
15

Assembly instructions: Rotation reversal
Assemble the circuits as specified in the circuit diagrams and set-up

instructions below.
Switch on the brake. This does not yet subject the motor to any load.
More detailed information on the brake can be found in the corresponding online
documentation
Circuit diagram: Rotation reversal
16

Set-up: Rotation reversal
Rotation reversal
Switch on the motor and observe it.
In which direction does the motor turn?
The motor turns clockwise.
The motor turns anti-clockwise.
17

Switch off the motor and change its wiring as shown in the diagram below.
Start the motor again and observe it.
Circuit diagram: Rotation reversal
18

In which direction does the motor turn?

The motor turns clockwise.
The motor turns anti-clockwise.
How can a three-phase asynchronous machine's direction of rotation be

changed?
By exchanging any two phases.
Simply by exchanging L2 & L3
19

20

Training content: Load characteristics
Simulate various loads (load machines) with the

ActiveDrive/ActiveServo software
Set parameters using the software with load-specific values (load
constant and moment)
Record and evaluate characteristics for various operating points
Determine the motor's response to different loads
Assembly instructions: "Load charactacteristics"
Assemble the circuits as specified in the following circuit diagram and

set-up instructions
Switch on the brake. This does not yet subject the motor to any load
Additional More detailed information on the brake can be found in the

corresponding online documentation.
21

Circuit diagram: Load characteristic
22

Set-up: Load characteristic
23

Record the load characteristic with various simulated loads useing

the ActiveDrive/ActiveServo software
Record characteristic in double-star/delta mode with a pump/fan load.
Required settings:
Brake:
PC mode
The settings stipulated below should then be made for the ActiveDrive and
SimuLoad software.
Load machine: Pump/fan
Load constant: refer to the experiment procedure.
Under "View" => "Measured Value Display", select all mechanical and
electrical variables except for slip.
Start the "ActiveDrive / ActiveServo" software and initially open the file
"eem42_load characteristic" (see "connection and starting")
Then carry out the required settings
The following parameters are to be recorded in this measurement:
torque M
(n)
Switch the motor on directly using Stage 1 in the second step (double star
configuration)
Start the measurement and slowly increase the load constant "l" until the line
current I/A shown in the parameter dialog corresponds to the value of INdouble star.
Now store the first operating point
Now switch back to Stage 1 (delta) and wait a brief moment. Now store the
second operating point.
Now after completing the measurement export the diagram into the
appropriate place holder reserved for it below
Now store the settings under the file name "eem42_pump-fan"
More information on the pump/fan load machine and definition of the constant I
can be found in the online documentation for the ActiveDrive/ActiveServo software.
24

Placeholder for pump/fan load characteristic
(delta and double-star connection)
Enter the measured values for the double star operating point
____Nm
M=
n=
min-1
____W
P2 =
____W
P1 =
____%
=
____VA
S=
____Var
Q=
cos = ____
____V
U=
____A
I=
25

Enter the measured values of the delta operating point
____Nm
M=
n=
min-1
____W
P2 =
____W
P1 =
____%
=
____VA
S=
____Var
Q=
cos = ____
____V
U=
____A
I=
How would you describe the load characteristic for the pump/fan?
Linear
Quadratic
Cubic
Assume that instead of stage 1, you had set the load constant I to stage 2
corresponding to the motor's power rating. Would the mechanical output then
have been larger, equal or smaller?
Larger
Equal
Smaller
26

Record characteristic in star/delta starting mode with a lifting drive as the load
machine
Required settings:
Brake:
Industrial series: PC mode
Make the settings stipulated below for the ActiveDrive and ActiveServo
software.
Load machine: Lifting drive
Load moment: refer to the experiment procedure.
Under "View" => "Measured Value Display", select all mechanical and
electrical variables except for slip.
Start the software and begin by opening the file

"eem42_loadcharacteristic" (see "conneciton and starting")
Then carry out the required settings
The following parameter(s) are to be recorded during this measurement:
torque M(n)
Switch the motor on directly through Stage 1 to the second stage (double star
connection)
Start the measurement and slowly increase the load torque "Nm" until line
current I/A shown in the parameter dialog corresponds to the value of INdouble star.
Now store the first operating point
Now switch back to stage 1 (delta) and wait a brief moment. Now store the
second operating point.
After successful measurement export the diagram created and place it in the
appropriate placeholder below
Store teh settings under the file name "eem42_liftingdrive"
More information on the lifting drive load machine and load moment definition can
be found in the (online) documentation for the ActiveDrive/ActiveServo software.
27

Placeholder for lifting drive load characteristic
(delta and double star connection)
Enter the measured values of the double star operating point
____Nm
M=
n=
min-1
____W
P2 =
____W
P1 =
____%
=
____VA
S=
____Var
Q=
cos = ____
____V
U=
____A
I=
28

Enter the measured values of the delta operating point
____Nm
M=
n=
min-1
____W
P2 =
____W
P1 =
____%
=
____VA
S=
____Var
Q=
cos = ____
____V
U=
____A
I=
What does a comparison between the values of P2 measured at the two

operating points reveal?
P2 remains constant.
P2 almost doubles.
P2 only depends on the speed.
P2 depends on both speed and load moment.
More than one

answer may
be correct.
Using the formulae below, calculate the ratios (x1 & x2) between the torques
measured at operating points 1 and 2 for the two load machines.
29

Specify the calculated torque ratios "x1" and "x2".

x1= ____
x2= ____
Compare the torque ratios for both load machines. Which statements are
correct?
The ratios are nearly identical.
The torque ratio of the lifting drive load machine is 1,

because the load moment is identical at both
operating points.
The torque ratio of the pump/fan load machine is

based on the relationship M ~ n 2, or M2/M1~(n2/n1)2
The torque ratio of the pump/fan load machine is

based on the relationship M ~ n 3, or M3/M1~(n2/n1)3
30
More than one

answer may
be correct.

Copyright
Congratulations!
This is the last page. You have completed the course "EEM42 Threephase asynchronous machines: Dahlander motors".
Copyright 2004-2008 LUCAS-NLLE GmbH.

This course "EEM 42 Three-phase asynchronous machines: Dahlander
motors" is protected by copyright. All rights pertaining thereto are reserved. Any
reproduction of the document as a file or in written form be it photocopy, microfilm or
any other method or conversion into a machine-compatible language, in particular
for data processing systems, without the expressed written approval of the LUCASNLLE GmbH is strictly forbidden.
The software as described above is made available on the basis of a general
licensing agreement or in the form of a single license. The use or reproduction of the
software is only permitted in strict compliance with the contractual terms stated
therein.
If changes have been performed in a manner which was not strictly authorised by
the LUCAS-NLLE GmbH, any product liability or warranty claims pertaining thereto
are null and void.
31
16
Lucas-Nlle Lehr- und Megerte GmbH

Siemensstrae 2 D-50170 Kerpen-Sindorf
Telefon +49 2273 567-0 Fax +49 2273 567-30
www.lucas-nuelle.de

EEM 42 Three Phase Asynchr Machines Dahlander Motor

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Course

"EEM 42 Three-phase asynchronous machines: Dahlander

Picture source: SEW Eurodrive

SH5002-1H Version 2.1

Copyright 2008 LUCAS-NLLE GmbH.

LUCAS-NLLE Lehr- und Messgerte GmbH

EEM42 Three-phase asynchronous machines

EEM42 Three-phase asynchronous machines

EEM42 Three-phase asynchronous machines

Welcome to the three-phase asynchronous machines course. The

Fundamentals of electrical machines

EEM42 Three-phase asynchronous machines

servo drive/servo brake, 300 W

EEM42 Three-phase asynchronous machines

Basic safety instructions

EEM42 Three-phase asynchronous machines

General instructions on handling the equipment

EEM42 Three-phase asynchronous machines

Asynchronous motor, Dahlander circuit

Connection and starting

EEM42 Three-phase asynchronous machines

EEM42 Three-phase asynchronous machines

Training content: "Connection and starting"

Identify the terminal connections of the motor and operate the

Enter the nominal data for the asynchronous machine

Nominal power (doublestar) ____W

cos (double star)

Rated speed (delta)

Rated speed (double star) ____rpm

EEM42 Three-phase asynchronous machines

Assembly instructions: "Connection and starting"

Assemble the circuits as specified in the following circuit diagram and

Additional More detailed information on the brake can be found in the

Circuit diagram: "Connection & starting"

EEM42 Three-phase asynchronous machines

Set-up: "Connection & starting"

Starting asynchronous motor with switch in position 1

Brake mode: Torque control

Put the motor into operation and observe its response

EEM42 Three-phase asynchronous machines

Specify the type of connection.

Double star connection

What do you measure the torque to be with the switch on setting 1?

Starting asynchronous motor with switch in position 2

Brake mode: Torque control

Put the motor into operation and observe its response

EEM42 Three-phase asynchronous machines

Specify the type ofconnection.

Double star connection

What do you measure the torque to be with the switch on setting 2?

EEM42 Three-phase asynchronous machines

Brake mode: Speed control

Table 1 (Switch position 1)

EEM42 Three-phase asynchronous machines

Record load characteristics for both switch positions with the

EEM42 Three-phase asynchronous machines

Start the ActiveDrive/ActiveServo software.

EEM42 Three-phase asynchronous machines

Training content: Rotation reversal

Identify the difference between clockwise and anti-clockwise

Definition of rotation direction

EEM42 Three-phase asynchronous machines

Assembly instructions: Rotation reversal

Assemble the circuits as specified in the circuit diagrams and set-up