HYDRAULICA BUSQUEDA

ISO 4572
El impacto de un basico entendimiento del mantenimiento hidrulico
Precarga de acumuladores
Mantenimiento de mangueras hidrulicas
Seteando la presin del sistema - valvula de alivio
Reduccin local de la presin vlvulas eductoras
Indicador de filtro bloqueado que es lo que realmente significa
Identificar sus caracteristicas funcionales y curvas caractersticas en B y M
Identificar rendimiento volumtrico en diferentes tipos de bombas y motores
hidrulicos.
Integridad de fabricacin del elemento (ISO 2942)
Caudal y cada de presin (ISO 3968)
Resistencia al fracaso/explosin del elemento (ISO 2941)
Compatibilidad del fluido (ISO 2943)
Resistencia al fluido por fatiga (ISO 3724)
Desempeo de filtracin en circulacin mltiple (ISO 4572)

Mr. McLaren invented a technique called pressure/leak testing. This

amazingly simple, yet highly effective, technique is used primarily to
test any size, type, or configuration of pressure control valves,
directional control valves, check valves, etc. The most desirable
attribute of pressure/leak testing is safety; over 90% of the
components in a typical industrial or mobile hydraulic system can be
tested with the power-unit locked out!
Maintenance technicians, and in particular field-service technicians
needed a comprehensive, reliable and non-biased reference for
hydraulic system and component diagnostics.
Fluid analysis troubleshooting

HYDRAULICS BOOKS PARKER

-

HYDRAULIC COMPONENT SIZING

HYDRAULIC PUMP AND CONTROL
FILTRATION TECHNOLOGY
HYDRAULIC MAINTENANCE TECHNOLOGY - COURSE TEXT AND
WORKBOOK
HOW TO INTERPRET FLUID POWER SYMBOLS, Rory S. McLaren
TROUBLESHOOTING HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS USING LEAKAGE PATH
ANALYSIS METHODS, Rory S. McLaren
TROUBLESHOOTING HYDRAULIC COMPONENTS

TROUBLESHOOTING HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS USING LEAKAGE PATH ANALYSIS

METHODS

This comprehensive compendium of hydraulic system and component

troubleshooting procedures covers the following topics:
Safety.
Selection and proper and safe use of diagnostic equipment.
System start-up and solving start-up problems.
Procedures for testing hydraulic pumps: flow testing; cavitation; case
pressure testing.
Procedures for testing pressure control valves: pilot-operated relief
valves; direct-operated relief valves; sequence valves; unloading valves;
counterbalance valves.
Procedures for testing industrial sub-plate mounted directional control
valves: spool/bore leakage test; circuit module leakage test; testing twostage valves.
How to execute two-stage valve conversions: internal pilot to external
pilot and vice-versa; internal drain to external drain and vice-versa.
Procedures for testing mobile directional control valves: spool/bore
leakage test; testing load-check valves; testing cylinder-port relief
valves; testing anti-cavitation valves; testing integral pressure relief
valve.
Procedures for testing cylinders: end-stroke dead-head seal test;
intermediate bore test; through-stroke test.
Procedures for testing hydraulic motors: in-circuit test procedure; direct
access test procedure; testing motors in series; testing motors in
parallel.
Testing cartridge valves: isolating problems in multiple cartridge
manifold assemblies.
Testing flow control valves.
Testing check valves: in-line check valves; pilot-operated check valves.
Safety with accumulators: how to pre-charge accumulators with
nitrogen.

TROUBLESHOOTING HYDRAULIC COMPONENTS

This extraordinarily comprehensive workbook contains all the information
students need to complete a hands-on workshop in troubleshooting
hydraulic components.
It contains the following information:
Each component test (and there is one or more for every hydraulic
component
currently
available)
is
accompanied
with
a
comprehensive list of facts pertinent to testing and evaluating that
component. Tests include pumps, motors, pressure control valves;
check valves, cylinders, etc.
Sample charts and graphs illustrating various modes of component
performance - acceptable; marginal; and; unacceptable.
Symptoms associated with wear of any and all components.
Blank charts and graphs so students can learn to plot tests and
analyze results.

 Due to the absence of published component leakage rates aimed at

recommending when component leakage is excessive, the author
substituted scientific data with extraordinarily accurate and reliable
rules-of-thumb for component wear - both normal and abnormal.
Each component test is conducted with a methodical approach
(presented in PowerPoint format):

A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO FILTRATION FOR HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS

It is a well recognized fact that the majority of hydraulic component failures are
caused by contamination. Yet, most hydraulic systems are equipped with filters.
So why are they failing?
Most filters are installed in hydraulic systems without any regard for the systems total filtration requirement. Filters should rather be engineered into a
hydraulic system, bearing in mind that each hydraulic system is unique.
This guide provides information on a system approach to contamination
control and is explained in a manner that is easy to understand.
Topics cover:
Effect of contamination on hydraulic components
Filter ratings
Typical clearances in components
ISO 4406
Sources of contamination
Types of failures
Where to locate filters
Different types of filters
Monitoring system cleanliness
Kidney-loop filtration systems
Principles hydraulic Major topics include:
Principles of fluid flow and pressure, work, power, actuator speed for industrial and
mobile hydraulic systems
Power consumed by hydraulic systems and why hydraulic systems get hot
Hydraulic component symbols typically used in industrial and mobile systems
Reading and interpreting basic industrial and mobile hydraulic schematics
Function and use of pressure control valves
Function and use of directional control valves commonly used in industrial and mobile
hydraulic systems
Load control and load holding techniques
Types and operation of hydraulic pumps
Characteristics of modern variable displacement pumps
Setup of pressure regulating variable displacement pump controls
Setup of adjustable hydraulic components used in industrial and mobile hydraulic
systems
10 fundamental circuits most often used in industrial and mobile hydraulic systems
How flow controls work to control actuator speed

 Using a variable displacement pump to control actuator speed in mobile hydraulic

systems
Function and operation of cylinders and hydraulic motors
Function and use of valves "X" and "Y" ports
Introduction to fluid cleanliness and filtration
Introduction to electro-proportional hydraulic valves
Knowledge reinforcement with hands-on lab exercises
MOBILE HYDRAULIC TECHNOLOGY
Major topics include:
Overview of hydraulic components and circuits used on mobile equipment
Review of the principles of hydraulic fluid flow, fluid pressure, power and speed control
Mobile hydraulic system efficiency and heat generation
Hydraulic component schematic symbols
Reading and interpreting mobile hydraulic schematics
Open and closed loop pumping systems for transmitting fluid energy
Understanding hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors
Load control and load holding valves and techniques braking valves
Pressure relief valves for system pressure control, cylinder port reliefs and hydraulic
motor
cross port reliefs
The application of pressure reducing valves with mobile hydraulic systems
Mobile modular directional controls and various types of valve operators
Load sensing/compensation as separate control circuits or as integrated into mobile
modular
directional controls
Flow dividing
High pressure hydraulic hose types and sizing information other types of fluid
conductors
Hydraulic fluids and fluid maintenance

TROUBLESHOOTING HYDRAULIC SYSTEM TRAINING

REVIEW OF FUNDAMENTALS
Flow, pressure, horsepower, torque, cylinder speed, cycle time, etc.
READING SCHEMATICS & GRAPHIC SYMBOLS
UNDERSTANDING SYSTEM OPERATION
RECOGNIZING THE NEED FOR CLEANLINESS & FILTRATION
Types & location of filters Micron ratings & the beta factor
Cost benefit analysis Fluid & seal type compatibility
UNDERSTANDING PRESSURE CHECKS
No pressure
Partial pressure
Differential pressure
UNDERSTANDING FLOW IN THE SYSTEM
Pump wear effects of contamination, heat and pressure
Slow cylinder movement Sluggish motor response
Erratic cylinder operation Heat & pressure drop

CAVITATION AERATION PROBLEMS

Inlet restrictions Sizing inlet filters and strainers
Pump shaft speeds Importance of atmospheric pressure
DIAGNOSING PLUMBING PROBLEMS
Correct use of fittings (NPT, SAE, JIC 37, straight thread O-ring)
Hose sizing and pressure ratings
Hose cavitation
Tubing vs. pipe
TROUBLESHOOTING DIRECTIONAL CONTROL VALVES
Pressure leakage manual & solenoid control
Non-pressure leakage manual & solenoid control
Solenoid failures
CAUSES OF FAILURE IN:
Sequence valves Holding valves
Pressure reducing valves Unloading valves
Counterbalance valves Brake valves
TESTING RELIEF VALVE SETTINGS
System pressure & operating pressure
DIAGNOSING CYLINDER AND MOTOR FAILURES
USE OF FLOW METERS, PRESSURE GAUGES & PYROMETERS

PROGRAMA ANALTICO
UNIDAD 1: Introduccin.
Comparacin entre sistemas hidrulicos, neumticos y electromecnicos. Consideraciones
generales operativas, ventajas, desventajas y lmites de aplicacin. Comparaciones econmicas.
Ejemplos.
A) SISTEMAS HIDRAULICOS
UNIDAD 2: Sistema hidrulico bsico.
Constitucin de un equipo bsico. Principios funcionales; generacin de caudal y de presin.
Presiones de trabajo habituales. Orientaciones bsicas de diseo. Aplicaciones tecnolgicas.
Simbologa I.S.O.
UNIDAD 3: Fluidos.
Clasificacin. Propiedades. Seleccin. Transporte y almacenamiento.
UNIDAD 4: Tanques.
Funciones. Anlisis de los distintos tipos. Caractersticas constructivas. Parmetros de diseo.
UNIDAD 5: Contaminacin. Filtros.
Contaminacin: causas, consecuencias. Misin del filtrado. Filtrado de superficie y de profundidad.
Capacidad de filtrado. Eficiencia. Ubicacin de los filtros en un circuito: ventajas y desventajas.
Seleccin del filtro. Unidad depuradora.
UNIDAD 6: Conducciones hidrulicas.
Dimensionamiento. Prdidas de carga. Conducciones rgidas: tubos metlicos. Conducciones
flexibles: mangueras y tubos flexibles. Racores. Soportes. Recomendaciones de montaje.
UNIDAD 7: Bombas.
Clasificacin. Principios de funcionamiento. Bombas de desplazamiento positivo. Bombas de
cilindrada fija.
Bombas de cilindrada variable. Rendimiento volumtrico y total. Lado aspirante de la bomba.
Cavitacin.
Seleccin.
UNIDAD 8: Vlvulas.
Vlvulas direccionales. Accionamientos. Condiciones de centro. Condiciones de paso. Vlvulas
reguladoras de caudal. Vlvulas reguladoras de caudal compensadas. Divisoras de caudal.
Vlvulas de control de presin: de alivio, de secuencia, reguladora de presin, de contrabalanceo,

de frenado. Vlvula de antirretorno piloteada. Vlvula de prellenado. Conceptos fundamentales y

seleccin.
UNIDAD 9: Actuadores.
Cilindros. Clasificacin. Principios de funcionamiento. Componentes. Clculo de los parmetros
bsicos.
Seleccin. Motores hidrulicos. Clasificacin. Motores de cilindrada variable. Clculo de los
parmetros bsicos. Seleccin.
UNIDAD 10: Acumuladores.
Clasificacin. Aplicaciones. Acumuladores de gas: principio de funcionamiento. Seleccin.
UNIDAD 11: Circuitos bsicos.
Control de velocidad y fuerzas de los actuadores. Circuitos secuenciales. Circuitos con actuadores.
Circuito regenerativo. Sistema de alta y baja. Circuitos de control de cavitacin en motores.
Aplicacin de la vlvula de
prellenado en prensas. Circuitos de bloqueo con antirretorno piloteada. Transmisin hidrosttica
bsica.
UNIDAD 12: Anlisis trmico.
La generacin del calor: causas y consecuencias. El tanque disipador. Intercambiadores de calor.
B) SISTEMAS NEUMATICOS
UNIDAD 13: Aire comprimido: Generacin y distribucin.
Compresores: clasificacin. Sala de compresores. Tratamiento del aire: pre-enfriadores, secadores.
Tanque-red
de distribucin: caractersticas constructivas. F.R.L. (filtro regulador lubricador)
UNIDAD 14: Vlvulas neumticas.
Simbologa I.S.O. Clasificacin: direccionales, reguladora de presin, reguladora de caudal,
vlvulas auxiliares.
Caractersticas constructivas. Seleccin.
UNIDAD 15: Actuadores Neumticos.
Clasificacin y descripcin de los distintos tipos. Control de la velocidad y fuerza. Clculo de los
parmetros bsicos. Seleccin.
UNIDAD 16: Automatizacin neumtica.
Circuitos intuitivos. Circuitos temporizados. Resolucin de circuitos por el mtodo de cascada y
paso a paso.
Aplicaciones del P.L.C. en automatismos.
UNIDAD 17: Neumo-hidrulica.
Conversin de sistemas neumticos en hidrulicos. Aplicaciones. Multiplicador de presin.
Hidrorreguladores: aplicaciones prcticas.