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E v en t s

DiseasesofPoultry

Ou r S h op

OurSponsors

ByIvanDinev,DVM,PhD

BookContents

BacterialDiseases

COCCIDIOSIS

ESCHERICHIACOLIINFECTIONS
SALMONELLOSES
PARATYPHOIDINFECTIONS
FOWLCHOLERA
RIEMERELLAANATIPESTIFERINFECTIONS
MYCOPLASMA
NECROTICENTERITIS
CHOLANGIOHEPATITISINBROILERCHICKENS
GANGRENOUSDERMATITIS
BOTULISM
AVIANTUBERCULOSIS

ViralDiseases
VIRALINCLUSIONBODYHEPATITIS
HAEMORRHAGICENTERITISOFTURKEYS
EGGDROPSYNDROME1976
346.Coccidiosis is a common protozoan disease in domestic birds and other fowl,
ADENOVIRUSGROUPIASSOCIATEDINFECTIONS
INFECTIOUSBURSALDISEASE(GUMBORO)characterized by enteritis and bloody diarrhoea. The intestinal tract is affected, with
INFECTIOUSBRONCHITIS(IB)
the exception of the renal coccidiosis in geese. Clinically, bloody faeces, ruffled
LARYNGOTRACHEITIS
feathers,anaemia,reducedheadsizeandsomnolenceareobserved.
SWOLLENHEADSYNDROME
INFECTIOUSENCEPHALOMYELITIS

NEWCASTLEDISEASE
FOWLPOX
REOVIRUSINFECTIONS

NeoplasticDiseasesinPoultry
VIRUSINDUCEDNEOPLASTICDISEASESMAREK'SDISEASE
LYMPHOIDLEUKOSIS
MYELOCYTOMATOSIS
ERYTHROBLASTOSIS
ADENOCARCINOMATOSIS

PasReform
Novogen

ParasiticDiseases
COCCIDIOSIS
HISTOMONOSIS
ASCARIDIOSIS
RAILLIETINOSIS
KNEMIDOKOPTOSIS

VencomaticGroup
Petersime

347.The area around the vent is stained with blood. The infection is realized by a
faecaloral route. After ingestion of sporulated (infective) oocysts, sporozoites are
MycosesandMycotoxicoses
released that enter asexual and sexual cycles of development resulting in the
ASPERGILLOSIS
emergenceofthousandsofnewoocystsintheintestines.Oocystsaredistributedby
ASPERGILLUSGRANULOMATOUSDERMATITIS
faeces.Soon,theysporulateandbecomeinfectiveforchickens.
AFLATOXICOSIS
CANDIDIASIS
FUSARIOTOXICOSES

Partners

DeficiencyDiseases
VITAMINB2DEFICIENCY
VITAMINBiDEFICIENCY
VITAMINEDEFICIENCY
FATTYLIVERHAEMORRHAGICSYNDROME
SLIPPEDTENDON(PEROSIS)

Other
PULMONARYHYPERTENSION(ASCITIS)SYNDROMEINBROILERCHICKENS
AMYLOIDOSIS
DEEPPECTORALMYOPATHY
RUPTUREOFTHEGASTROCNEMIUSTENDONINBROILERBREEDERS
CAGELAYERFATIGUE
348.The intestinal lesions provoked by coccidia, are due to injury of the epithelial
DYSCHONDROPLASIA
THYPERKERATOSIS
cells of the mucous coat where the parasites are developed and multiplied. The

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GOUT
oocysts exist in the litter in premises and are distributed by clothes, shoes, dust,
HYPERANDROGENISMINBROILERCHICKENS
insects etc. Pathoanatomically, dehydration and a high degree of anaemia of the
EFFECTOFSTICKYWILLY(GALIUMAPARINE)SEEDSONHEALTHYSTATUSANDPRODUCTIONTRAITSIN
bodyandvisceraarediscovered.
BROILERCHICKENS
GIZZARDIMPACTIONINTURKEYPOULTS
ROUNDHEARTINTURKEYS(DILATEDCARDIOMYOPATHY)
ACUTESELENIUMINTOXICATION
ACUTEPROPANEBUTANEINTOXICATION
SPONTANEOUSRUPTUREOFTHECAUDIALRENALARTERYINTURKEYS
SUBCUTANEOUSEMPHYSEMA
GASTROINTESTINALIMPACTION
MALFORMATIONS

SeasonalPicks

349.Anaemic appearance of internal organs. The wet litter and the heat in premises
favourofthesporulationandtherefore,theoutbreakofcoccidiosis.

350.351.Depending on the localization of lesions in intestines, the coccidioses are


divided into caecal, induced by E. tenella, and small intestinal, induced by E.
acervulina,E.brunetti,E.maxima,E.mitis,E.mivati,E.necatrix,E.praecoxandE.
nagani. In caecal coccidiosis, a marked typhlitis is present and haemorrhages are
seenthroughtheintestinalwall.

352.Thecaecaarefilledwithfreshorclottedblood.

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353.alaterstage,thecaecalcontentbecomesthicker,mixedwithfibrinousexudate
andacquiresacheeselikeappearance.

354.355.356.In small intestinal coccidioses, depending on the eimeria species,


haemorrhages with various intensities in different parts along the intestine are
observed. In many instances, the haemorrhages are petchial and could be seen
throughtheintestinalwall.

357.Sometimes,areationoftheintestinallymphoidtissueispresent.

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358.359.The content is mixed with fresh or clotted blood, and the mucous coat is
mottledwithmultiplepetechialorlargerhaemorrhages.

360.Histologically,Eimeriaorganismsatavariousstageofdevelopmentaredetected
in the epithelial intestinal cells. The diagnosis is made upon the results of the
complex evaluation of the clinical picture, the macroscopic lesions, imprint
preparations, histological study and flotation. Coccidioses should be differentiated
fromNE,UEandhistomonosis(typhlohepatitis).Treatmentsulfonamidesarewidely
used: sulfadimethoxine, sulfaquinoxaline, I sulfamethazine, but they should not I be
used in layer hens. The supplementation I of vitamins A and K promotes the
recovery.

361.The microscopic examination of a native preparation of intestinal content or


superficialmucosallayerrevealsasignificantnumberofoocystsinoneobservation
field. Prevention. The use of coccidiostatics with forages on a rotation basis is the
most extensively used means. The immunization against coccidiosis with
commercialvaccinesisusedinbroilerbreederflocks.Ifthechickensareexposedto
thenaturaleffectofamoderatenumberofoocystsintheirenvironment,theydevelop
immunitytotherespectiveparasiticspecies.

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inpart,inanyformat(electronic,photocopiesetc.)withoutthepriorconsent,inwriting,ofcopyrightholders
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