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UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA

BUSINESS PLAN TO START UP NEW


BUSINESS
MBA (Regular)
ENTREPRENEURSHIP PROJECT

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA

Executive Summary
We are going to start a new business with the name techvisio. It is equally
owned and managed by its five partners named as Bilal Maqbool, Habib
Hassan, Syeda tahira maryem, Syeda Rida Zainab, and Nimra Iqbal. All
partners have equal capital of RS.100000. Other partners of techvisio are
Trend micro and Mozy for online computer backup software and safe storage.
Trend Micro is an Internet security and antivirus company with over 25 years
of experience in protecting their customers from online threats. Trend Micro
is an award-winning market leader in cloud, virtual, and computer security
that strives to provide smart and simple safety that fits the home and small
business. Mozy is an industry leader in online computer backup software.
Tech Visio is a company that provides online technology support and services
for consumers and small businesses. Techvisio proprietary tools and services
afford its clients unparalleled computer security, premium support and
ongoing maintenance. The company fixes computers remotely via internet.
All its services are divided in three categories like Gold, Silver and Platinum.
The company has certified and trained experts in fixing problems like
Computer Tune Up, Backup, and Security etc. They are committed to serve
their customers in a friendly and helpful way, along with saving their time
and money.
Our commitment is to listen to and understand your needs and provide a free
diagnosis. The aim of the Tech Visio is to make it easy to fix, protect, and
maintain your computer and technology.
Our targeted customers are all computer users in Pakistan including
students, banks, home users etc. The target market for Repairing and

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
maintenance facility is only for the customers living in Sargodha while online
IT solutions are targeted for all computer users of Pakistan.
There is a bright future for techvisio as it has an opportunity to open more
online stores in other large and growing economies to sustain current growth
levels

GENERAL COMPANY DESCRIPTION


Business name
Tech Visio

Mission statement
Tech Visio is founded on the belief that computer support should be personal,
trustworthy and affordable.

Vision statement
We intend to provide our customers with the best online IT Services
experience from beginning to end, with a smart, searchable website, easy-tofollow instructions, clear and secure payment methods, and fast, quality
Service.

Logo

Tagline

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
Solution..........Granted

Business philosophy
Tech Visio is important to you because it make using digital devices easier
and more fun. It provide quick, truly personal and affordable help .Its making
easy to fix, protect, and maintain your computer and technology.

Our

commitment is to listen to and understand your needs and provide a free


diagnosis.

Company description
Tech Visio is a company that provides technology support and services for
consumers and small businesses. The company fixes computers remotely via
internet. All their services are divided in three categories like Gold, Silver and
Platinum. The company has certified and trained experts in fixing problems
like Computer Tune Up, Backup, and Security etc. They are committed to
serve their customers in a friendly and helpful way, along with saving their
time and money. Tech Visio has emerged as a leading technology support
provider for the connected home and small business. Tech Visios proprietary
tools and services afford its clients unparalleled computer security, premium
support and ongoing maintenance. As technology in homes and small
businesses rapidly expands beyond computers into devices like TVs, smart
phones, tablets and home automation systems, its more important than
ever to ensure that your system is safe, secure and running smoothly.

Our commitment is to listen to and understand your needs and

provide a free diagnosis.


Our goal is to make it easy to fix, protect, and maintain your

computer and technology.


Our support is personal, trustworthy, and affordable.
Our Technology Advisors are proficient in computer
maintenance, and security.

repair,

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Tech Visio Swot analysis
Strengths
Marketing and advertising capabilities.
No local online competitors for online IT solutions in Pakistan.
Introduce online market place with little cost.

Online payment system via bank al habib.

Weaknesses

No earlier business experience.

Uncertainty about future and business decisions.

Opportunities

Acquisitions of valuable companies.

Open more online stores in other countries to sustain current growth


levels, Tech Visio can open more online market place in other large and
growing economies.

Increase service portfolio through acquisition.

Threats

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Online security is a main threat for Tech Visio. Online store buyers
personal information such as bank account details, which is a target for
online theft.

Increasing competition. It may become more and more difficult to


differentiate the services from the competition.

Legal form of ownership


Partnership is a legal form of ownership of tech Visio. We choose this form of
ownership because in this registration is not compulsory. It can be formed
without any legal formality and expenses. Thus it is simple and economical
to form and operate Business of a partnership firm is very well managed by
all the partners as they take interest in the daily affairs of business because
of the ownership, profit and control. In partnership every partner bears the
risks individually.

Services
Diagnosis and repair
IT Consultancy
Safe box
Setup and installation
Virus protection
Online Backup
Penetration Testing
Privacy protection
Updates

Feature of services
1. Diagnosis and repair

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Our Diagnose & Repair service fixes everything from system crashes,
operating system issues, spyware or virus infections, system errors, and any
other problems your computer may be experiencing. We use proven remote
technology that's convenient and secure. If you can connect to the Internet,
our live US- and Canada-based tech experts will remotely connect to your
computer, figure out what's wrong, and fix it.

2. I.T Consultancy
Quality IT professional services and consultancy forms the cornerstone of our
business. We work with our customers to help them strategically plan, design
and implement quality IT solutions that will enhance their business and
provide them with a real competitive edge.

3. Safe box
Safe

box is

computing

in

which

large

groups

of

remote

servers

are networked to allow centralized data storage and online access to


computer services or resources. Safe box can be classified as public, private
or hybrid. Safe box computing relies on sharing of resources to achieve
coherence and economies of scale, similar to a utility (like the electricity
grid) over a network.

4. Setup and installation


Our Setup & Installation service covers every sort of new software or
hardware need Computers and similar devices dont come with everything
you want to use them for straight out of the box. Youll need to buy and
install programs or apps to do things like edit photos, watch videos, and play
games. If you want to use a printer, youll need to install drivers that let the
printer and computer communicate. Theres a lot of choice about what to
install on your computer, but not every option will be compatible with your
system.

5. Virus protection

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
Viruses are really bad news. They are computer programs that slip into your
computer through e-mails, Internet links, and other methods with the
express purpose of making you and your computer miserable. Some viruses
just chew up memory to make your computer run slower or stop altogether,
while others will track your personal information and give the virus creators a
way into your computer. Tech Visio membership comes with a complete
security suite powered by Trend Micro Titanium.

6. Backup Services
Our online backup will not only store copies of your files on their servers, but
it will encrypt them so that only you can access them. Techvisio will
automatically back up the folders you choose on a regular basis set by you.
You can back up just your Word documents on a weekly basis, or your entire
computer monthly, or whatever else youd like. Everything you back up will
be completely secure, so you can rest easy knowing your files are safe and
protected in the event of a catastrophe

7. Penetration Testing
For security assurance, companies conduct external and internal penetration
tests to uncover exploitable security vulnerabilities from the perspective of a
malicious outsider or insider respectively.

8. Privacy protection
Protecting your computer and your privacy from online threats is critically
important. At Tech Visio, were dedicated to helping you use your technology
with confidence, even when online. Our agents know all the best practices to
ensure your online security.

9. Updates
Updates are very important if you want your computer or device to remain
safe and run at optimum speed. No matter what kind of concerns you have
about program or system updates, Tech Visio is here to help. Our techs keep

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
up with the latest versions of all major operating systems and the most
popular software used in the home. We can make sure youre running
the latest and best versions to meet your needs.

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Marketing plan
Why do market research
Market research is important for every business, and should not be just a
one-off activity. No matter how our services are good it is understood that
any venture cannot succeed without effective marketing. This begins with
careful, systematic research we cannot assume that we already know about
our intended market. We need to do market research to make sure that we
are on track. By making the market research we get the knowledge about
are customers and their taste. It makes us able to provide the services
according to the demand.
Tech Visio conducts the market research for these reasons:

To
To
To
To
To
To

identify potential customers.


understand the nature of customers.
set realistic targets.
develop effective strategies.
examine and solve business problems.
identify business opportunities.

Market research

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
We had conducted the market research by the surveys. We use the
questionnaires tool to measure the demand of our services business. The
500 questionnaires are filled out by different computer users, 150 within the
University of Sargodha and 350 from outside the university. The favorable
results are 342/500=68.4% and the unfavorable results are 158/500=31.6%.
The main question of our research is that whether the customers want a tech
support platform or not. The favorable results for this question are
365/500=73% and the unfavorable results are 135/500=27%. We had also
conducted the online research to get knowledge about the demand of such
business. It was amazing for us to know that there is no such type of
business already operating in Pakistan. By analyzing our research material
we deduced that it will render long term profits for us.

Economics
Total size of market
There are 15 to 20 million computer users in the Pakistan. The total size of
our market consists upon all computer users living in Pakistan.

Current demand in target market


Internet facility has become most popular among the all people. Every task
has become easy to do. Tech Visio has emerged to provide great online tech
support and services. As we are providing an online IT services which is
demanded by every computer users. We will access your computer over the
Internet through a secure connection, fix the problem remotely, and provide
you with the tools and advice to prevent the problem from returning. This
service will meet the demand of targeted customers by offering membership
at no extra cost and by saving their time and by maintaining their computer
and technology. It will provide you easiness in working with these online IT
services.

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
Trends in target market
Tech Visio has a growth and consumer preferences trend as it is first time
introducing the trend of best online IT services at a reasonable rate for the
target customers of Pakistan. Online IT solutions are targeted for the whole
country while repairing and maintenance facility is only for the customers of
Sargodha.

Growth potential and opportunity


Techvisio has an opportunity to open more online stores in other countries of
the world to sustain current growth levels. We could open its more online
market place in other large and growing economies. Tech Visio found an
opportunity to position them as a trusted tech advisor. Theres a real need
for this approach as technology continues to be an integral part of our lives
and work.

Barriers to entry
Consumer acceptance and brand recognition
Our business faces a barrier of brand recognition and computer
acceptance. Brand recognition is the barrier in the sense that a
consumer can face a difficulty to correctly identify a particular online IT
services just by viewing the service's logo, tagline, packaging or
advertising campaign. So it depends upon the level of understanding of
the customers. So this barrier can be overcome by making the efficient
and good advertising Campaigns, tagline and logo.

PEST Analysis
Political Change
Regulations: Safety above e-commerce is not considered as an
important issue in various countries. Government regulations also
interfere with online purchases and expected growth of the company.

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
As Pakistan is facing a political instability so it can affect the
performance of our business. Because no one knows at what time
government will change and with the change of government policies
will also change.

Economical Change

Overall economic conditions are not very good in the country.


Economic tendencies: in most case, individuals rather buy services in
their neighborhood stores, than going online. Customers prefer doing
the regular commercial process of going to the store. Paying for the
services and getting them instantly than going online.

Social Change
In some areas, the internet is not allowed due to religious and ethical
factors.

This will affect the Tech Visio business in these regions.

Internet growth rate is outstanding. With the amount of internet users


increasing every year, Tech Visio has the opportunity to increase their
market share. Social networks are booming. Sites like Facebook and
Twitter are visited by everyone.

These sites also offer marketing

directly on their site. Tech Visio can increase its awareness through
social network marketing.

Technological Change

Technology is the most known word in the modern world so any


advancement in the technology greatly enhances the efficiency of Tech
Visio service. With Tech Visio being an online IT service provider, they
are

forced

to

find innovated methods

to

surpass

their

competitors. People are now able to access the internet anywhere in


the world through mobile devices and tablets with 3G or 4G
capabilities. This Makes price comparing available when a consumer is
anywhere in the world shopping.

Services as a customers point of view


In this section we describe our services as we see them and describe them
from the customers point of view.

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
Most important features (Special features)
Tech Visio special features are that it is Providing an online IT solutions at a
first time in Pakistan. Online IT solutions are targeted for the whole country
while repairing and maintenance facility is only for the customers of
Sargodha. The special feature is that we are providing these services timely,
efficiently and reliably with a 100% satisfaction guarantee. Our tech support
agents will respond quickly to your call, speak slowly and clearly, and stay
with you until your computer or device is repaired to your satisfaction. We
never make our agents follow scripts or time limits, so you can be assured
that well stay with you to find the best possible solution to your problem.
With Tech Visio service, you can be confident in your technology use. Tech
Visio tech support is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, so theres
never a bad time to ask for help.
Every Tech Visio fix comes with a 5-day, 100% satisfaction guarantee. If the
same computer issue crops up again within 5 days of your service call,
please let us know. Well fix it again at no additional cost. Our goal is to make
sure you love everything about Tech Visio services. If the problems we fixed
return, or if youre not satisfied with your experience for any reason, contact
us within 5 days and we will do everything we can to make it right, free of
charge. Our customers can call us any time with questions. Were committed
to helping you feel confident and secure with your technology.

Benefits of services
1. Diagnosis and repair
This service identifies the core of the problem and do research to understand
whats really causing it. Our Diagnose & Repair service fixes everything from
system crashes, operating system issues, spyware or virus infections, system
errors, and any other problems your computer may be experiencing.

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
2. I.T Consultancy
Quality IT professional services and consultancy forms the cornerstone of our
business. We work with our customers to help them strategically plan, design
and implement quality IT solutions that will enhance their business and
provide them with a real competitive edge.

3. Safe box
Safe

box is

computing

in

which

large

groups

of

remote

servers

are networked to allow centralized data storage and online access to


computer services or resources. Safe box can be classified as public, private
or hybrid. Safe box computing relies on sharing of resources to achieve
coherence and economies of scale, similar to a utility (like the electricity
grid) over a network.

4. Setup and installation


Our Setup & Installation service covers every sort of new software or
hardware that Computers need and similar devices dont come with
everything you want to use them for straight out of the box. Youll need
to buy and install programs or apps to do things like edit photos, watch
videos, and play games.

5. Virus protection
Viruses are really bad news. They are computer programs that slip into your
computer through e-mails, Internet links, and other methods with the
express purpose of making you and your computer miserable. Some viruses
just chew up memory to make your computer run slower or stop altogether,
while others will track your personal information and give the virus creators a
way into your computer. Tech Visio membership comes with a complete
security suite powered by Trend Micro Titanium.

6. Backup Services

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
Our fully managed, monitored and secure online backup service saves your
time, reduces administration and ensures total peace of mind that critical
company data is safe and securely backed up. Our online backup will not
only store copies of your files on their servers, but it will encrypt them so
that only you can access them. Using our online backup service guarantees
a complete backup of all your data and files is carried out on a scheduled
basis without user intervention. Everything you back up will be completely
secure, so you can rest easy knowing your files are safe and protected.

7. Penetration Testing
For security assurance, companies conduct external and internal penetration
tests to uncover exploitable security vulnerabilities from the perspective of a
malicious outsider or insider respectively.

8. Privacy protection
Protecting your computer and your privacy from online threats is critically
important. At Tech Visio, were dedicated to helping you use your technology
with confidence, even when online. Our agents know all the best practices to
ensure your online security. Our respect for your privacy and security applies
to every part of Tech Visio service. When you call us for tech support, well
connect to your computer remotely through a secure connection and perform
our fixes as you watch. Well tell you everything we plan to do and ask for
permission before proceeding. At the end of the session, well provide a
detailed list of every action we took.

9. Updates
Updates are very important if you want your computer or device to remain
safe and run at optimum speed. No matter what kind of concerns you have
about program or system updates, Tech Visio is here to help. Our techs keep
up with the latest versions of all major operating systems and the most

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
popular software used in the home. We can make sure youre running
the latest and best versions to meet your needs.

After-sales services
Guarantee
Every Tech Visio fix comes with a 5-day, 100% satisfaction guarantee. If the
same computer issue crops up again within 5 days of your service call,
please let us know. Well fix it again at no additional cost. Our goal is to make
sure you love everything about Tech Visio services. If the problems we fixed
return, or if youre not satisfied with your experience for any reason, contact
us within 5 days and we will do everything we can to make it right, free of
charge. Our customers can call us any time with questions. Were committed
to helping you feel confident and secure with your technology.

Customers
Our targeted customers are all computer users in Pakistan including
students, banks, home users etc. The target market for Repairing and
maintenance facility is only for the customers living in Sargodha while online
IT solutions are targeted for all computer users of Pakistan. Their
demographic profile can be shown as:

Age (7 to 60)

Gender (Male, Female)

Location ( All areas of Pakistan, repairing facility for people of


Sargodha)

Income level (15000 to 100,000 and above)

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA

Social class and occupation (Middle class, upper class)

Education ( above Metric)

Demographic factors for business customers

Size of firm (small)

Industry (service)

Quality, technology, and price preferences (Tech Visio is founded on


the believe to provide superior tech support services. Our goal is to
make it easy to fix, protect, and maintain your computer and
technology by providing high quality services)

Location (153-A Block main satellite town road , Sargodha, Pakistan)

Niche
We are providing online services, we specially targeting the user / companies
who want to save time and want quick and reliable fixes at their place, ALL
peoples who have internet connection are our targeted customers.

Promotion
Our Sales Officer / Marketing Manager will get touch with customer to
influence them to use our services. Public relation will also help us on his
matter.

Stationery: Stationery, which includes letterheads, envelopes and


business cards, is a means by which our business image or name
identification is projected.

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
Press Advertising: Advertising Locally in press such as newspapers,
magazines. Press advertising is suitable for image building, information
dissemination and sales campaigns. It is also a very affordable for our
business.

Radio: Radio is considered as an ideal medium due to its ability to reach


specific target groups. We will advertise our business through audio
advertisement

Television: Television is a powerful advertising medium because it


creates impact through sight, sound and movement, so initially we will
advertise our ads on local cable network.

Direct Mail: Direct communication with the consumer through email,


post or fax. It can include newsletters, catalogues and letters.

Outdoor: Outdoor advertising using billboards and other


Online: This includes advertising on our website, advertising on other
websites, creating links to your website from other websites, publishing
blogs, social networks and forums.
We want that customer trust on our services, and they also tell other about
TECH VISIO friendly expert services.
We have proper system to recognize our valued customer, Proper inventory
system software.

Promotional Budget:
We will spend approximately 50000 Fifty thousand.
TECH VISIO start up budget is 20,000.
TECH VISIO ongoing Budget is 30,000.

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA

Location
A great location can contribute to the success of a business. Location is
obviously very important but in our business customers do not come to our
place but we go to their place to solve their problems. So our location is not
as much important to our customers but it is important for us. When
searching for the location we outline our needs both present and future. And
find the location that best suits our specific business needs and desired
image. Our considerations for the best office location include the basic
electrical system, communication environment, environmental conditions
that could impact our equipment, and that the location has enough power to
meet the current needs and also future needs as well in terms of wiring and
capacity. Our selected location has fiber optic network, DSL or T1 line (highvolume Internet connection) connectivity that is basic requirement for our
business. We have a 24-hour onsite security staff. Our decided location is
153-A Block main satellite town road, Sargodha, Pakistan.
Success

in

this

business

comes

from

providing

customers

with

convenience and value. One without the other is not enough. We solve the
customers problem at their place by sending our experts to them.
Therefore the customers expect from us that we save their time and solve
their problem immediately. So it is important for us to be located near the
customers so as we immediately send our crew to solve the problems.

Distribution channel
We use the direct sales method as we directly are in contact with our
customers. We sell our services through internet and we have our own sales
force. We provide services of online I.T solution and solve other problems of
our customer by sending our crew to their place. We connect to the

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
customers computer remotely using the secure internet connection and
diagnose and fix their problem immediately. Our crew of 3 technical &
technological experts is always there to solve the problems of hardware and
software for our customers.

Sales forecast
We had discussed about our products, services, customers, markets and
marketing plan in detail. Now based on our research on our market structure,
our customers, the demand of our services, and according to the PEST
analysis we are able to forecast our sales and our future in the existing
market. We made two types of forecast 1) best level of sales that we really
expect, 2) worst level of sales that we are confident we can reach no
matter what happens.
The month-by-month sales forecast spreadsheet for the first year is as
follows:

2014

Best

Worst

January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
Septemb

70,000
100,000
130,000
190,000
200,000
210,000
215,000
225,000
250,000

50,000
80,000
100,000
150,000
180,000
182,000
185,000
190,000
210,000

er
October
Novembe

260,000
265,000

230,000
240,000

r
Decembe

270,000

245,000

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The sales forecast spreadsheet on annual basis for the 5 years is as follows:
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018

Best

Worst

23,00,000
25,00,000
28,00,000
30,50,000
33,00,000

21,50,000
23,50,000
26,50,000
29,50,000
31,50,000

Operational Plan
Now its time to explain the daily operations of our business. Tech visio
provides the great tech support to its customers. We are available 24 hours a
day to provide our services. Our customers can contact us any time through
Email or a telephone call and discuss their problems with our technological
staff if the problems are able to solve online then they solve them online by
connecting their computer through a secure internet connection. Our
equipments include computers, internet connections, different types of
mechanical tools and wires.

Hr personnel
No of employees
Office Manager

Marketing Manager

Technical staff

Tech Experts

Office boy

Guard

Total

10

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Type of labor
Office Manager

Professional

Marketing Manager

Professional

Technical staff

Professional and skilled

Tech Experts

Professional and skilled

Office boy

Skilled

Guard

skilled

Pay structure
Employees

Salary

Office Manager
Marketing Manager
Technical staff
Tech Experts
Office boy
Guard

10,000/14,000/17,000/23,000/6,000/5,000/-

Who does which task

Office Manager

The office manager is the coordinator of the work system. An office manager
is responsible for planning, organizing, and controlling the clerical aspect of
the organization, including the preparation, communication, coordination and
storage of data. He performs the following tasks:
o Determines manpower requirements
o recruiting
o selecting
o

training people

o Budget development and implementation

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
o Purchasing
o Accounting
o Equipment management
o Facilities management
Marketing Manager
Our marketing manager does the following tasks:
o Researching and reporting on external opportunities
o Understanding current and potential customers
o Customer relationship management
o Developing the marketing strategy and plan
o Management of the marketing mix
o Measuring success
o Ensuring timely delivery
o Developing guidelines
o Making customer focused decisions

Technical Staf

Our technical staff performs functions such as Window installation, Setup and
installation, Diagnosis and repair, System upgrade, Data recovery, routine
system maintenance, purchase of hardware and software and more.

Tech Expert

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
Techvisio technology experts are responsible for the day to day operational
activities of help-desk support, network administration, and systems. They
do the following task:
o Support users with IT-related problems in a responsive and service
oriented manner.
o Setup, management, and maintenance of IT-related equipment.
o Manage time and projects effectively.
o Assist with the troubleshooting, installation, and implementation of
systems.
o Ensure data integrity with regard to our fixed asset inventories.
o Provide input and recommendations to the organization surrounding
hardware and software technologies and how these technologies can
assist the business being especially.
o Proactive with new technologies.
o Develop and monitor performance levels of software and hardware and
evaluate, Recommend, and propose alternative methods of information
processing.

Office boy
He does the following tasks
o Opening & closing & cleaning office
o Welcoming visitors and handling callers and arranging appointments
o Prepare coffee and tea for staff & visitors
o Receiving mail & filing Documents

Guard
Our security guard performs the following works:
o Protection of people and property
o Prevent incidents/offense before it has occurred
o Observe and report after an incident/offense

Training methods and requirements

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
We will train the employees by Small group discussions, Case studies, and Q
& A sessions. While other methods are as follows:

Job Mentoring

It involves providing an employee with an experienced coach to oversee his


or her learning experience. The mentor or coach provides advice and
instruction, but is not performing the job with the employee as in on-the-job
training. The trainee employee learns the job firsthand and may consult the
mentor or coach at any time for assistance.

Of-the-Job Training

Employers can use off-the-job training to provide employees a chance to


learn away from their work setting. Besides classroom training, employers
choose other formats such as e-learning. In a self-contained e-learning
program, learners can work at their own pace, moving through modules,
learning new tasks, sometimes trying tasks and completing assessments. Elearning can include discussions with other participants, scenarios in which
employees must choose the right outcome and training videos.

Qualities of staf
Competency check
Our potential employees have the necessary skills, experiences and
education to successfully complete the tasks we need to perform.
Capable
Our employees are capable to perform not only easy tasks but they also find
ways to deliver on the functions that require more effort and creativity. For
us, being capable means the employee has potential for growth and the
ability and willingness to take on more responsibility.

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Commitment
Our employees are serious about working for the long term. They always look
for something better.
Character
Our employees have values that align with ours. They are honest; they do
tell the truth and keep promises. They are selfless and a team player.

Inventory
Inventory is defined as stock or store of goods. These goods are maintained
on hand at or near a business's location so that the firm may meet demand.
techvisio keep its inventory in the form of finished goods. We do not keep
large amount of inventories because basically techvisio is a services
providing business therefore we are not required to keep large inventories.
Because we purchase inventories in small amount so we frequently purchase
it as and when needed the normal order time is 2 weeks and we want it in
short time period that normally is 1 to 2 days.

Suppliers
1. Tech data
Shop no. 52,
First floor, trust plaza,
Phone no. 0321-6018031.
Tech data deals in hardware computer accessories. It starts from 2005 and
are considered to be reliable suppliers because of their goodwill and worth.
2. Infosays computer
Shop no. 79,
First floor, trust plaza,

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
Phone no. 048-3729394.
Infosays also deals in hardware computer accessories. It starts from 2007.
Supply their goods to many other stores and is famous for the timely delivery
therefore we make purchases from them.
3. Pak computers
Shop no.25,
Rehman trade center,
Phone no. 048-3225912.
Pak computers deals in computer softwares and hardwares. It starts from
2010 and it is also considered to be a reliable supplier and it timely delivers
the supplies.

Type and amount of inventory


As techvisio is a services providing business therefore we do not store large
amount of inventories. We purchase inventories in small amounts as and
when needed. Our inventory includes different type of tools, laptop screens,
computer parts, Cds and DVDs etc.

Credit and delivery policies


We purchase things like inventories, furniture, and hardware on credit. We
normally pay our creditors within 90 days from delivery. Because we
purchase inventories in small amount so we frequently purchase it as and
when needed so we want it in short time period that normally is one day. For
other things delivery time is within one week.
We have more than one supplier for critical items because in our business we
are required to provide timely services, time and quality matters a lot in our
business. We sometimes have argent needs of inventory and other things
and therefore short-term delivery problems may occur so, it is important for
us to have more than one supplier. The cost of our supplies is not fluctuating

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
and if changes the change is steady because of the reason that the changes
in technology increase the quality and reduces the cost but if for some
economical reasons the cost increases the increase will be steady.

Management of accounts payables


Accounts Payable (AP) is an important factor in a companys working capital,
and a key indicator of overall operational effectiveness. Accounts payables,
located on a companys balance sheet, are what our company owes its
suppliers from which it buys its inventory and other supplies. Accounts
payables are a current liability and they are listed on the right hand side of
the balance sheet. They are expected to be repaid to the suppliers within one
year. AP levels also affect several important financial performance measures,
including days payable and the current ratio of assets to liabilities. Our
organization requires a system thats reliable and can accommodate a range
of metrics. In other words, it must be both timely and accurate.
The following best practices are used in order to ensure a timely AP process:

Issue TATs for invoices received at the mailroom for same-day scanning

Index and process invoices within one business day

Handle requests for vendor setup/amendments within two business


days

Handle all exceptions within two business days.

Transparency is integral to any good AP process.

We maintain open

communication with our staff, and suppliers, keeping them aware of any
potential issues or delays. Establish clear guidelines about our process, and
conduct regular meetings to ensure that each team member is working
accurately. This approach will help keep expectations in line, and enable us
to deliver the best possible results, every time. We maintain good

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
relationship with our suppliers and they offer us discounts for the prompt
payments.

Management and organization


Management is very important for the success of our business. If
management is good we can achieve our goal easily. Organizing and
managing each and every step of day to day business will make us
successful and able to well forecast the future. For the management of day
to day activities techvisio have an office manager who is responsible all
routine activities. Our office manager manages the office work and
marketing manager manages the outside activities like advertisement and
promotion of business. We have technical and technological experts that are
the most important asset and source of revenue for our business. The
technical staff solves the hardware related problems of our customers and
technological experts solve the software or i.t related issues of the
customers. We have one office boy who is responsible to take care of our
employees and to fulfill their needs like to serve them tea, coffee & food e.t.c
and to keep office neat and clean. We have one guard who is responsible for
the security of the office and employees.

Professional and advisory support


At the initial stage we temporarily hire consultants for the advisory support
for some issues like location decision, accounting management and hiring
the best talent and we pay them for their services.

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA

Personal Financial Statements


We have Rs. 500,000 as capital to start this business. We are 5 partners and
our personal financial profile is as follows:

Partners

Cash

%age

Syeda Tahira Maryem


Nimra Iqbal
Syeda Rida Zainab
Bilal Maqbool
Habib Hassan

100,000
100,000
100,000
100,000
100,000

20%
20%
20%
20%
20%

Startup expenses and capitalization


Startup expenses
Legal
Broachers
Consultants
Shop
Hardware & software
Research and
development
Contingencies
Others
Total

Amount
(Rs.)
10,000
4,000
6,000
30,000
39,000
3,000
2,800
1,000
95,800

In techvisio we are required to pay the above startup expenses. These are
the expenses that are necessary to be paid before we start our business
without paying them we cannot start our business. We capitalize these
expenses over the first three years period of our business. In the first year
the amount of 32,000 will be capitalized. Also in second year the amount of
32,000 will be capitalized and in the third year the remaining amount of
31,800 will be capitalized.

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA

Break even analysis


The break-even point (BEP) represents the sales amount in either unit or
revenue terms that is required to cover total costs (both fixed and variable).
Total profit at the break-even point is zero. Break-even is only possible if a
firms prices are higher than its variable costs per unit. If so, then each unit
of the product sold will generate some contribution toward covering fixed
costs. This calculation is critical for any business owner, because the
breakeven point is the lower limit of profit when determining margins.
There are several types of costs to consider when conducting a breakeven
analysis, techvisio company do its break even analysis in following six steps.

1. Determine company's fixed costs


Fixed costs are any costs that don't depend on the volume of production.
Rent and utilities would be examples of fixed costs, because you will pay the
same amount for them no matter how many units you produce or sell. Our
(techvisio) fixed costs is
Fixed costs = 333,700

2. Determine company's variable costs


Variable costs are those that will fluctuate along with production volume.
Material, labor would be examples of variable costs. Our (techvisio) variable
costs are
Variable costs = 1,498,800

3: Determine the selling price of services


Pricing strategies are part of the much more comprehensive marketing
strategy, and can be fairly complex. However, price will be at least as high as
production costs (in fact, a lot of anti-trust legislation exists to outlaw selling
below cost). Sale forecast of one service of techvisio is
Per unit selling price = 1834

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
4: Calculate unit contribution margin
The unit contribution margin represents how much money each unit sold
brings in after recovering its own variable costs. It is calculated by
subtracting a unit's variable costs from its sales price.
Unit Contribution Margin = Sales Price unit Variable Costs
Unit Contribution Margin = 1834-1500=334

5: Calculate Companys break-even point


The break-even point tells the volume of sale to cover all of costs. It is
calculated by dividing all fixed costs by unit contribution margin.
Breakeven Point = Fixed Costs/unit contribution margin
= 333,700/334 = 999 units

6: Determine expected profits or losses


Once break-even volume /unit are determined than expected profit/loss can
be estimate. Remember that each additional unit sold will produce revenue
equal to its contribution margin. Therefore, each unit sold above the breakeven point will produce a profit equal to its contribution margin, and each
unit sold below the break-even point will generate a loss equal to its
contribution margin. If techvisio sell 999 units at the price of 1834 per unit
than it gain zero profit. This point is called breakeven point of techvisio.

Refining the Plan

Key competitive factors


Maintaining a competitive edge is vital to the long-term success of any small
business. While there are a wide range of factors that determine the success
or failure of any company, there are number of key components to

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
competitive success in business all entrepreneurs should heed. These
components are found in nearly all divisions of a company, including
marketing, human resources and finance.
o Planning
Business planning is vital to keeping our company pointed in the right
direction. We take the time to create a thorough plan and giving thought to
service development, operations, marketing, financing, business models and
staffing issues before we begin to build our business. Planning is not only
important in the early stages; we revisit our strategic plans regularly to keep
the direction of our business in line with current and future trends in the
marketplace to maintain the competitive edge.
o Value Creation
Continuous value creation (CVC) is the disciplined process we use to
continually examine our current service offerings to ensure that they are
above the industry standard. Our services are star in the marketplace today,
but it might not take long for a competitor to create a slightly better service,
a new method of delivery or a new customer experience. To keep our
operations as flexible as possible to quickly take advantage of new industry
trends we make research and development a consistent priority to ensure
that we are the first to market with new innovations.
o Customer services
Effective customer service is the largest determining factor of customer
loyalty and repeat purchases. Customer services is the single factor often
can give small businesses an edge over their larger competitors. We focus
our sales and service efforts on delivering the most satisfying customer
experience in our industry, and we see a dramatic increase in word-of-mouth
referrals and repeat sales. We create a training schedule that will allow our

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
customer service representatives to continually hone their skills. We develop
a customer survey system that allows us to reach out to customers and ask
important questions about such areas as service support, warranty
satisfaction etc. To stay ahead of the competition, we need to know what our
customers expect and what keeps them satisfied.
o Marketing
A marketing presence is vital to competitive success in business. We do
make funds and advertise our services on television, magazines and radio.
We use social media outlets, such as Facebook that have become widely
popular means of communicating with customers at virtually no cost.
o Services Quality
Service quality is a comparison of expectations with performance. To stay
ahead of the competition, we need to make sure that the quality of our
services remains high. Improved service quality increases our economic
competitiveness. Are aim is to identify problems quickly and systematically;
establish valid and reliable service performance measures and measure
customer satisfaction and other performance outcomes and we this aim by
understanding and improving operational processes.
o Human Resources
We manage our human resources efficiently. This includes hiring the right
workers, expanding the workforce as needed and providing pay and benefits
that find a balance between adequate compensation and reasonable cost to
the business. We use human resources management techniques, such as
motivating employees with recognition and incentives. Retaining highlyskilled workers is very important for us to be in the competition.

Quality Control Procedures

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
We train our employees to adopt strategies for maintaining quality control.
Training minimizes the potential for misunderstanding or miscommunication,
and it increase accountability. We post and advertise guarantees for quality
control to reassure customers. Since customers might have concerns about
inferior services, less competitive pricing or fewer customer-friendly policies
compared with other stores. We solicit feedback from customers to further
address quality control. Feedback can provide valuable suggestions for
making improvements the online services store to boost quality.
We understand the importance of quality control as it is potentially
disastrous for businesses. We live and breathe quality because we know
exactly

what

poor

quality

costs

us.

Therefore

we

use

the

quality

management tools (TQM) to control the quality of our services. According to


psychologists, people remember negative experiences more vividly then
positive ones. Quality control is common and expected practice in the
industry, but it is also time-consuming and expensive. At the same time it
provides many advantages like:

Quality Control Builds Customer Loyalty

Quality Control Protects the Brand Name

Quality Control Saves Money

Quality control minimizes the costs

Labor Productivity
Labor productivity is a revealing indicator of several economic indicators as it
offers a dynamic measure of economic growth, competitiveness, and living
standards within an economy. It is the measure of labor productivity (and all
that this measure takes into account) which helps explain the principal

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
economic foundations that are necessary for both economic growth and
social development. Labor productivity is the value of services produced in a
period of time, divided by the hours of labor used to produce them. In other
words labor productivity measures output produced per unit of labor, usually
reported as output per hour worked or output per employed person.
Although the ratio used to calculate labor productivity provides a measure of
the efficiency with which inputs are used in an economy to produce services,
it can be measured in various ways. Labor productivity is equal to the ratio
between a volume measure of output (gross domestic product or gross value
added) and a measure of input use (the total number of hours worked or
total employment).

labor productivity = volume measure of output / measure of labor input


use

The volume measure of output reflects the services produced by the


workforce. Numerator of the ratio of labor productivity, the volume measure
of output is measured either by gross domestic product (GDP) or gross value
added (GVA). Although these two different measures can both be used as
output measures, there is normally a strong correlation between the two.
The measure of input use reflects the time, effort and skills of the workforce.
Denominator of the ratio of labor productivity, the input measure is the most
important factor that influences the measure of labor productivity. Labor
input is measured either by the total number of hours worked of all persons
employed or total employment.

Prices
Price is a key component of value, but value for money spent is
probably a more important consideration. Generally, most research

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
on consumer attitudes on the convenience business has shown that
consumers expect to spend a little more when they purchase services
from a convenience store but we provide our services at much lower
prices as prevailing in the market and we are saving their precious
time.
MEMBER SHIP PRICES

Type
Silver
Gold
Platinum

One time charges

Monthly

5000
5000
10000

1000
2000
3500

One Time Charges For The Services Provided

Services

Prices

Windows installation
Windows installation
Online Safe box charges (monthly)
Virus Protection one time*
Regular checkup
Data Recovery*
Software updates*
Privacy protection
Setup & installation *
Diagnosis & Repair *
System upgrade*

1000
500
5000
999
100
10000
500
999
600
800
4000

Pricing strategy
Finding the right pricing strategy is an important element in running a
successful business. A business can use variety of pricing strategies we
selling services. The price can be set to maximize profitability for each unit
sold or from the market overall. In techvisio we use the penetration pricing
policy. It is a pricing strategy where the price of a product is initially set at a
price lower than the eventual market price, to attract new customers. The
strategy is used for the expectation that customers will switch to the new

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
brand because of the lower price. The price will be raised later once the
market share is gained.

Payment method
We are providing our services only on the cash basis and the amount of cash
will be deposited in our account in bank al habib. The account number is
0067_0071_002924_01_7. As we are running the services business therefore
we cannot provide them on credit basis. The customers must pay online for
enjoying the services.

Strategy for keeping client base


1. Speed is secondary to quality
When it comes to customer service that keeps people coming back, the
research shows that quality matters more than speed. According to a study
by the Gallup Group, customers were nine times more likely to be engaged
with a brand when they evaluated the service as "courteous, willing, and
helpful," versus the "speedy" evaluation, which only made customers six
times more likely to be engaged. So our service quality is very efficient and
good.
2. Develop a Website
Tech Visio develop and market the own website. The web is full of free places
to advertise, so Tech Visio develop a website where potential clients can go
to learn more about us, the services that we offer, and our pricing and
availability.
3. Ofer a Guarantee
Everyone likes a sure thing. Getting customers to return to our business
within 5 days and we will deliver you on your promises and ensure that the
results are what you expect. As an online store business, we want our

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
reputation to be one of integrity. So, one way of keeping client is to offer a
service guarantee. Thats something that will only happen when your
customers realize that they can trust you to do what you say youre going to.
4. Stay in Touch
The customers want to be heard. So, one strategy for keeping customers is
to stay in touch with them. We can do that through constant communication
in the form of online mailing lists and a strong social media presence such as
facebook. As we have a smaller client base, we can make sure we stay in
touch through regularly scheduled phone calls and meetings that touch base
on your ongoing relationship.

High Technology Companies


Economic outlook for the Tech Visio
Services sector contributes the major share in the economic activity of
Pakistan. Over the last few decades, the structure of Pakistan economy has
experienced significant changes. Our Forecasted expectations for Tech Visio
is given below that are showing how well the economy will perform during
an upcoming year or other time period.

GDP
Interest rate
Inflation rate
Unemployment
rate

Actual

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

236.62
3.96
9.50

246
5.76
9

248
5.03
9.9

260
6.09
10.65

261
6.08
11.25

261
6.07
12.45

6.00

6.1

6.09

6.15

6.14

6.14

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
Economic Forecasts | 2014-2018 Outlook

Tech Visio information system


Tech Visio has the management information system to manage the costs,
Prices and markets. Information systems and organizations influence one
another. Information systems are built by our manager to manage the cost,
price and other activities of the firm. This new IT (information technology)
system allowed Tech Visio to increase its customer and partners, as well as
its activities. Information, in MIS, means the processed data that helps the
management in planning, controlling and organizing the cost of the Tech
Visio.

Cutting edge with Tech Visio


Cutting edge is someone or something that is the latest, greatest and
newest. Tech Visio has cutting edge in Pakistan because it is first time
introducing the best and latest online IT solutions for the whole people of
Pakistan as it is providing the best home tech support Tech Visio for your
computer and other devices. It has no competitors locally that are already
providing online IT solutions in Pakistan.

Status of research and development


Research and development is of great importance in business as the level of
competition is rapidly increasing. It has special importance for Tech Visio
which keeps an eagle eye on competitors and customers in order to keep
pace with modern trends and analyze the needs, demands and desires of
their customers. Total Tech Visio expenditures on research and development

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
for 5 years are 20,000 rupees. R&D expense is essentially the amount of
money that a Tech Visio spends to develop new services each year.

Requirements to bring techvisio services to market


These are some important steps that help techvisio to successfully bring
their new services to market.
1. Study about competition
Many business marketing classes teach participants how to perform a SWOT
(strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analysis. Tech Visio have
to start by taking a serious look at their competitors. It is required to make a
list of the businesses that offer services similar to the one that Tech Visio
plan to launch. After deciding their own competitors, review their marketing
materials, including their ads, brochures and websites.
2. Target the ideal customer
To successfully launch our service with minimum financial outlay, it's
essential to focus exclusively on the target customers that are most likely to
purchase from us. These may be customers who are currently buying
something similar and will appreciate the additional features that our service
provides.
3. Create a unique value proposition
At this stage, Tech Visio should have a clear understanding of what they must
offer in order to stand apart from your competition. But do you know why
customers will want to buy from you vs. the vast field of competitors out
there? The answer is yes because Tech Visio services are unique as it is going
to be providing the first time online IT solutions timely, efficiently and reliably

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
in Pakistan with a 100% satisfaction guarantee and meet the needs and
desires of your best prospects.
4. Define marketing strategy and tactics
Next, Tech Visio has to choose their sales and marketing channels.
5. Test the concept and marketing approach
It's best for Tech Visio to examine the service bundle plus marketing
message and marketing materials. Depending upon Tech Visio budget and
plan to market, they can use formal focus groups (or simply host roundtable
discussions with members of the target audience), employ online research,
or provide the services to a selected group of users for testing.
6. Roll out your campaign
Public relations often play a vital role in the launch of a service. Tech Visio
can use media relations tactics to place articles and win interviews, hold a
launch event, or use grass roots marketing to build buzz. But no matter what
publicity route we choose, first make sure that the service is completely
ready and available for purchase in order to maximize returns from the
coverage that Tech Visio receives. It is required to Monitor the results from all
media, and in the first weeks and months, be prepared to adjust the
campaign to take advantage of what's working best.

Requirements to keep the company competitive


Staying competitive is not only a key component of any successful small
business, but it is also one of the biggest challenges that small businesses

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
face. Tech Visio requires the following strategies to stay ahead of the
competition.
Planning
Business planning is vital to keeping our company pointed in the right
direction. We require a time to create a thorough plan and giving thought to
service development, operations, marketing, financing, business models and
staffing issues before we begin to build our business. Planning is not only
important in the early stages; we revisit our strategic plans regularly to keep
the direction of our business in line with current and future trends in the
marketplace to maintain the competitive edge.
Value Creation
Continuous value creation (CVC) is the disciplined process we require to
continually examine our current service offerings to ensure that they are
above the industry standard. Our services are star in the marketplace today,
but it might not take long for a competitor to create a slightly better service,
a new method of delivery or a new customer experience. To keep our
operations as flexible as possible to quickly take advantage of new industry
trends we make research and development a consistent priority to ensure
that we are the first to market with new innovations
Customer services
Effective customer service is the largest determining factor of customer
loyalty and repeat purchases. Customer services is the single factor often
can give small businesses an edge over their larger competitors. We focus
our sales and service efforts on delivering the most satisfying customer
experience in our industry. We require a training schedule that will allow our
customer service representatives to continually hone their skills. We have to
develop a customer survey system that allows us to reach out to customers

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
and ask important questions about such areas as service support, warranty
satisfaction etc. To stay ahead of the competition, we need to know what our
customers expect and what keeps them satisfied.
Marketing
A marketing presence is vital to competitive success in business. We need to
make funds and advertise our services on television, magazines and radio.
We require using social media outlets, such as Facebook that have become
widely popular means of communicating with customers at virtually no cost.
Service quality
It is a comparison of expectations with performance. To stay ahead of the
competition, we need to make sure that the quality of our services remains
high. Improved service quality increases our economic competitiveness. Tech
Visio aim is to identify problems quickly and systematically; establish valid
and

reliable

service

performance

measures

and

measure

customer

satisfaction and other performance outcomes.


Human Resources
To keep the company competitive we require managing our human resources
efficiently. This includes hiring the right workers, expanding the workforce as
needed and providing pay and benefits that find a balance between
adequate compensation and reasonable cost to the business. We need to use
human resources management techniques, such as motivating employees
with recognition and incentives. Retaining highly-skilled workers is very
important for us to be in the competition.

How does the company:


Protect intellectual property:

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
To

provide

protection

of

IP

rights

in

Pakistan,

Intellectual

Property

Organization of Pakistan Ordinance, 2005 (IPO - Pakistan) has been


established. Intellectual property can be someone's idea, invention, etc. that
can be protected by law from being copied by someone else. Besides people,
a companys most valuable asset is its intellectual property. Because of this,
Tech Visio must ensure that it is doing all it can to protect this vital asset.
There are some ways to protect intellectual property i.e. through the use of
trademarks and copyrights.
Copyright Protection
A copyright will protect the computer programs (sometimes the graphical
user interface) and websites. Copyright protection gives the copyright holder
the exclusive right to copy the work, modify it (that is, create "derivative
works"), and distribute, perform and display the work publicly. Ideas or
concepts do not have copyright protection. Copyright protects the expression
of the idea, but not the ideas themselves. There are also database rights in
the database underlying our website that is http://techvisio.weebly.com/
However, most of our website, including the text, design, graphics, data,
website layout, software and images on our website, is protected by
copyright.
Trademarks
Trademarks protect

words,

names,

symbols,

sounds,

or

colors

that

distinguish Tech Visio online IT services from those sold by others in the
market place and to indicate the source of the goods. Tech Visio logos are
likely to be protected by registered trade mark rights or the law of passing
off.
Avoid technological obsolescence

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA
This refers to the Technology becoming outdated due to technological
advances; technology that has been surpassed by newer technology and it
becomes preferred to use the new technology in place of the old, even if the
old is still functional. Avoiding obsolescence or minimizing its costs can be
accomplished through actions in planning and programming. Tech Visio takes
some actions and decisions to avoid technological obsolescence.
Tech Visio Enable good technological decisions to avoid or recover from
obsolescence, it require the active and ongoing tracking of the technology
used by the Tech Visio and the relevant developments that will support Tech
Visio needs. Identifying timely, essential, and fortuitous acquisitions and
upgrades is the ideal. The Tech Visio needs short and long-term planning to
respond to immediate needs and anticipate future requirements.
Retain key Personnel
Key employee retention is important to the long term health and success of
Tech Visio business. Managers readily agree that retaining best employees
ensures customer satisfaction, sales, satisfied coworkers and reporting staff,
effective succession

planning

and

deeply

imbedded

organizational

knowledge and learning. How does Tech Visio retain their key personnel is
given below:

We treat our employees like our most valuable clients. It is


cheaper to keep our good employees than it is to hire and train new
ones.

Get our employees to fall in Love with Tech Visio. We


communicate our vision in a compelling way. Tech Visio Show everyone
the role they have to contribute to this vision. We create opportunities for
people to connect with each other for support and to improve
communication in work teams.

UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA

Money is also important reason for employees to stay with a


Tech Visio. Get their input! Ask, what do employees like about working
here? What would employees like changed to make Tech Visio a better
place to work? Technical staff and tech experts that are the cornerstones
of the Tech Visio, require special attention. Tech Visio satisfies these
special people by meeting their financial requirements and looking for
the best package of benefits that these people find most positive as
incentives to stay.

Show appreciation via compensation and benefits. Offering things


like competitive salaries, profit sharing, bonus programs, pension and
health plans, and paid time off sends a powerful message to employees
about their importance at the techvisio. The rewards that techvisio gives
to employees are meaningful in order to impact their perception of the
organization.

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