Project

Job Ref.

Section

Sheet no./rev.

1
Calc. by

Date

10/8/2014

Chk'd by

Date

App'd by

Date

Project

Job Ref.

Section

Sheet no./rev.

2
Calc. by

Date

10/8/2014

Chk'd by

Date

App'd by

Date

Project

Job Ref.

Section

Sheet no./rev.

3
Calc. by

Date

10/8/2014

Chk'd by

Date

App'd by

Date

Project

Job Ref.

Section

Sheet no./rev.

4
Calc. by

Date

10/8/2014

Chk'd by

Date

App'd by

Date

Project

Job Ref.

Section

Sheet no./rev.

5
Calc. by

Date

10/8/2014

Chk'd by

Date

App'd by

Date

Project

Job Ref.

Section

Sheet no./rev.

6
Calc. by

Date

10/8/2014

Chk'd by

Date

App'd by

Date

Project

Job Ref.

Section

Sheet no./rev.

7
Calc. by

Date

10/8/2014

Chk'd by

Date

App'd by

Date

Project

Job Ref.

Section

Sheet no./rev.

8
Calc. by

Date

10/8/2014

Chk'd by

Date

App'd by

Date

Project

Job Ref.

Section

Sheet no./rev.

9
Calc. by

Date

10/8/2014

Chk'd by

Date

App'd by

Date

Project

Job Ref.

Section

Sheet no./rev.

10
Calc. by

Date

10/8/2014

Chk'd by

Date

App'd by

Date

Project

Job Ref.

Section

Sheet no./rev.

11
Calc. by

Date

Chk'd by

Date

App'd by

Date

10/8/2014

RETAINING WALL CALCULATIONSRetaining wall analysis in accordance with EN1997-1:2004 incorporating

Corrigendum dated February 2009 and the UK National Annex incorporating Corrigendum No.1Tedds calculation version
2.4.09Library item: Analysis calculation titleRetaining wall detailsStem type; Cantilever with inclined front faceStem
height;

hstem = 4200 mmStem thickness; tstem = 300 mmSlope length to front of stem;lslf = 100 mmAngle to

rear face of stem;

= 90 degAngle to front face of stem;

kN/m3Toe length;

ltoe = 1000 mmHeel length;

f = 88.6 degStem density;

lheel = 2400 mmBase thickness;

density;

base = 24 kN/m3Height of retained soil;

of cover;

dcover = 500 mmLibrary item: Soil details outputDepth of excavation;

propertiesSoil type;

hret = 3700 mmAngle of soil surface;

Medium dense well graded sandMoist density;

23 kN/m3Characteristic effective shear resistance angle;

0 degBase soil propertiesSoil type;

= 0 degDepth

dexc = 200 mmRetained soil

mr = 21 kN/m3Saturated density; sr =

'r.k = 30 degCharacteristic wall friction angle;

Medium dense well graded sandMoist density;

kN/m3Characteristic effective shear resistance angle;

stem = 24

tbase = 350 mmBase

r.k =

mb = 18

'b.k = 30 degCharacteristic wall friction angle;

b.k =

15 degCharacteristic base friction angle; bb.k = 30 degPresumed bearing capacity; Pbearing = 150 kN/m2Loading
detailsVariable surcharge load; SurchargeQ = 10 kN/m2 Calculate retaining wall geometryBase length; lbase = ltoe + lslf
+ tstem + lheel = 3800 mmMoist soil height;

hmoist = hsoil = 4200 mmLength of surcharge load;

2400 mm - Distance to vertical component;

xsur_v = lbase - lheel / 2 = 2600 mmEffective height of wall;

hbase + dcover + hret = 4550 mm - Distance to horizontal component;

stem;

lsur = lheel =
heff =

xsur_h = heff / 2 = 2275 mmArea of wall

Astem = hstem (tstem + lslf / 2) = 1.47 m2 - Distance to vertical component;

xstem = (hstem tstem

(ltoe + lslf + tstem / 2) + hstem lslf / 2 (ltoe + 2 lslf / 3)) / Astem = 1224 mmArea of wall base; Abase = lbase
tbase = 1.33 m2 - Distance to vertical component;

xbase = lbase / 2 = 1900 mmArea of moist soil;

= hmoist lheel = 10.08 m2 - Distance to vertical component;

2600 mm - Distance to horizontal component;

Amoist

xmoist_v = lbase - (hmoist lheel2 / 2) / Amoist =

xmoist_h = heff / 3 = 1517 mmArea of base soil;

(ltoe + lslf dcover / (2 hstem)) = 0.503 m2 - Distance to vertical component;

Apass = dcover

xpass_v = lbase - (dcover ltoe

(lbase - ltoe / 2) + lslf dcover2 / (2 hstem) (lbase - ltoe - lslf dcover / (3 hstem))) / Apass = 503 mm Distance to horizontal component;

xpass_h = (dcover + hbase) / 3 = 283 mmArea of excavated base soil; Aexc =

hpass (ltoe + lslf hpass / (2 hstem)) = 0.301 m2 - Distance to vertical component;

xexc_v = lbase - (hpass

ltoe (lbase - ltoe / 2) + lslf hpass2 / (2 hstem) (lbase - ltoe - lslf hpass / (3 hstem))) / Aexc = 502 mm Distance to horizontal component;
coefficient;

xexc_h = (hpass + hbase) / 3 = 217 mmUsing Coulomb theoryActive pressure

KA = sin( + 'r.k)2 / (sin()2 sin( - r.k) [1 + [sin('r.k + r.k) sin('r.k - ) / (sin( -

r.k) sin( + ))]]2) = 0.333Passive pressure coefficient;

KP = sin(f - 'b.k)2 / (sin(f)2 sin(f + b.k)

[1 - [sin('b.k + b.k) sin('b.k) / (sin(f + b.k) sin(f))]]2) = 4.769Library item: Calculated soil props
outputBearing pressure checkVertical forces on wallWall stem;

Fstem = Astem stem = 35.3 kN/mWall base;

Fbase = Abase base = 31.9 kN/mSurcharge load;

Fsur_v = SurchargeQ lheel = 24 kN/mMoist retained soil;

Fmoist_v = Amoist mr = 211.7 kN/mBase soil;

Fpass_v = Apass mb = 9.1 kN/mTotal; Ftotal_v = Fstem

+ Fbase + Fmoist_v + Fpass_v + Fsur_v = 311.9 kN/mHorizontal forces on wallSurcharge load;

SurchargeQ heff = 15.2 kN/mMoist retained soil;

Fsur_h = KA

Fmoist_h = KA mr heff2 / 2 = 72.5 kN/mTotal; Ftotal_h

= max(Fmoist_h + Fsur_h - Ftotal_v tan(bb.d), 0 kN/m) = 0 kN/mMoments on wallWall stem;

Mstem = Fstem

xstem = 43.2 kNm/mWall base;

Msur = Fsur_v

Mbase = Fbase xbase = 60.6 kNm/mSurcharge load;

xsur_v - Fsur_h xsur_h = 27.9 kNm/mMoist retained soil;

xmoist_h = 440.5 kNm/mBase soil;

Mmoist = Fmoist_v xmoist_v - Fmoist_h

Mpass = Fpass_v xpass_v = 4.6 kNm/mTotal;

+ Mmoist + Mpass + Msur = 576.7 kNm/mCheck bearing pressureDistance to reaction;

1849 mmEccentricity of reaction;
mmBearing pressure at toe;

e = x - lbase / 2 = -51 mmLoaded length of base;

Mtotal = Mstem + Mbase

x = Mtotal / Ftotal_v =
lload = lbase = 3800

qtoe = Ftotal_v / lbase (1 - 6 e / lbase) = 88.7 kN/m2Bearing pressure at heel;

qheel = Ftotal_v / lbase (1 + 6 e / lbase) = 75.5 kN/m2Library item: Bearing pressure common outputFactor of
safety;

FoSbp = Pbearing / max(qtoe, qheel) = 1.691PASS - Allowable bearing pressure exceeds maximum

applied bearing pressureLibrary item: Bearing FoS outputPartial factors on actions - Table A.3 - Combination 1Permanent
unfavourable action;

G = 1.35Permanent favourable action;

Gf = 1.00Variable unfavourable action;

Q =

1.50Variable favourable action; Qf = 0.00Library item; Load combination outputPartial factors for soil parameters
Table A.4 - Combination 1Angle of shearing resistance;

' = 1.00Effective cohesion;

c' = 1.00Weight density;

Project

Job Ref.

Section

Sheet no./rev.

12
Calc. by

Date

Chk'd by

Date

App'd by

Date

10/8/2014

= 1.00Library item; Partial factors outputRetained soil propertiesDesign effective shear resistance angle;

'r.d =

atan(tan('r.k) / ') = 30 degDesign wall friction angle; r.d = atan(tan(r.k) / ') = 0 degBase soil
propertiesDesign effective shear resistance angle;
angle;

'b.d = atan(tan('b.k) / ') = 30 degDesign wall friction

b.d = atan(tan(b.k) / ') = 15 degDesign base friction angle;

30 degLibrary item; Design shear resistance outputDesign effective cohesion;

Coulomb theoryActive pressure coefficient;

bb.d = atan(tan(bb.k) / ') =

c'b.d = c'b.k / c' = 0 kN/m2Using

KA = sin( + 'r.d)2 / (sin()2 sin( - r.d) [1 + [sin('r.d +

r.d) sin('r.d - ) / (sin( - r.d) sin( + ))]]2) = 0.333Passive pressure coefficient;

KP = sin(f -

'b.d)2 / (sin(f)2 sin(f + b.d) [1 - [sin('b.d + b.d) sin('b.d) / (sin(f + b.d) sin(f))]]2) =
4.769Library item: Calculated soil props outputSliding checkVertical forces on wallWall stem;

Fstem = Gf Astem

stem = 35.3 kN/mWall base; Fbase = Gf Abase base = 31.9 kN/mMoist retained soil;

Fmoist_v = Gf

Amoist mr = 211.7 kN/mBase soil;

Ftotal_v = Fstem

Fexc_v = Gf Aexc mb = 5.4 kN/mTotal;

+ Fbase + Fmoist_v + Fexc_v = 284.3 kN/mHorizontal forces on wallSurcharge load; Fsur_h = KA Q

SurchargeQ heff = 22.7 kN/mMoist retained soil;

Fmoist_h = G KA mr heff2 / 2 = 97.8 kN/mTotal;

Ftotal_h = Fmoist_h + Fsur_h = 120.6 kN/mCheck stability against slidingBase soil resistance; Fexc_h = Gf KP
cos(b.d) mb (hpass + hbase)2 / 2 = 17.5 kN/mBase friction;
kN/mResistance to sliding;

Ffriction = Ftotal_v tan(bb.d) = 164.1

Frest = Fexc_h + Ffriction = 181.7 kN/mFactor of safety;

FoSsl = Frest / Ftotal_h =

1.507PASS - Resistance to sliding is greater than sliding forceLibrary item: Sliding check outputOverturning checkVertical
forces on wallWall stem;

Fstem = Gf Astem stem = 35.3 kN/mWall base;

Fbase = Gf Abase

base = 31.9 kN/mMoist retained soil; Fmoist_v = Gf Amoist mr = 211.7 kN/mBase soil;
Aexc mb = 5.4 kN/mTotal;
on wallSurcharge load;

Fexc_v = Gf

Ftotal_v = Fstem + Fbase + Fmoist_v + Fexc_v = 284.3 kN/mHorizontal forces

Fsur_h = KA Q SurchargeQ heff = 22.7 kN/mMoist retained soil;

Fmoist_

h = G KA mr heff2 / 2 = 97.8 kN/mBase soil; Fexc_h = -Gf KP cos(b.d) mb (hpass +

hbase)2 / 2 = -17.5 kN/mTotal; Ftotal_h = Fmoist_h + Fexc_h + Fsur_h = 103.1 kN/mOverturning moments on
wallSurcharge load;

Msur_OT = Fsur_h xsur_h = 51.8 kNm/mMoist retained soil; Mmoist_OT = Fmoist_h

xmoist_h = 148.4 kNm/mTotal; Mtotal_OT = Mmoist_OT + Msur_OT = 200.1 kNm/mRestoring moments on wallWall
stem;

Mstem_R = Fstem xstem = 43.2 kNm/mWall base; Mbase_R = Fbase xbase = 60.6 kNm/mMoist

retained soil; Mmoist_R = Fmoist_v xmoist_v = 550.4 kNm/mBase soil;

xexc_h = 6.5 kNm/mTotal;

Mexc_R = Fexc_v xexc_v - Fexc_h

Mtotal_R = Mstem_R + Mbase_R + Mmoist_R + Mexc_R = 660.7 kNm/mCheck stability

against overturningFactor of safety;

FoSot = Mtotal_R / Mtotal_OT = 3.302PASS - Maximum restoring moment is

greater than overturning momentLibrary item: Overturning check outputPartial factors on actions - Table A.3 Combination 2Permanent unfavourable action;
unfavourable action;

G = 1.00Permanent favourable action;

Q = 1.30Variable favourable action;

Gf = 1.00Variable

Qf = 0.00Library item; Load combination

outputPartial factors for soil parameters Table A.4 - Combination 2Angle of shearing resistance;
1.25Effective cohesion;

c' = 1.25Weight density; = 1.00Library item; Partial factors outputRetained soil

propertiesDesign effective shear resistance angle;

angle;

' =

'r.d = atan(tan('r.k) / ') = 24.8 degDesign wall friction

r.d = atan(tan(r.k) / ') = 0 degBase soil propertiesDesign effective shear resistance angle; 'b.d =

atan(tan('b.k) / ') = 24.8 degDesign wall friction angle;

b.d = atan(tan(b.k) / ') = 12.1 degDesign

base friction angle;

bb.d = atan(tan(bb.k) / ') = 24.8 degLibrary item; Design shear resistance outputDesign

effective cohesion;

c'b.d = c'b.k / c' = 0 kN/m2Using Coulomb theoryActive pressure coefficient;

KA = sin( +

'r.d)2 / (sin()2 sin( - r.d) [1 + [sin('r.d + r.d) sin('r.d - ) / (sin( - r.d) sin( + ))]]2) =
0.409Passive pressure coefficient;

KP = sin(f - 'b.d)2 / (sin(f)2 sin(f + b.d) [1 - [sin('b.d + b.d)

sin('b.d) / (sin(f + b.d) sin(f))]]2) = 3.365Library item: Calculated soil props outputSliding checkVertical
forces on wallWall stem;

Fstem = Gf Astem stem = 35.3 kN/mWall base;

Fbase = Gf Abase

base = 31.9 kN/mMoist retained soil; Fmoist_v = Gf Amoist mr = 211.7 kN/mBase soil;
Aexc mb = 5.4 kN/mTotal;
on wallSurcharge load;

Fsur_h = KA Q SurchargeQ heff = 24.2 kN/mMoist retained soil;

h = G KA mr heff2 / 2 = 88.9 kN/mTotal;

against slidingBase soil resistance;
kN/mBase friction;

Fexc_v = Gf

Ftotal_v = Fstem + Fbase + Fmoist_v + Fexc_v = 284.3 kN/mHorizontal forces

Fmoist_

Ftotal_h = Fmoist_h + Fsur_h = 113.1 kN/mCheck stability

Fexc_h = Gf KP cos(b.d) mb (hpass + hbase)2 / 2 = 12.5

Ffriction = Ftotal_v tan(bb.d) = 131.3 kN/mResistance to sliding;

Frest = Fexc_h + Ffriction

= 143.8 kN/mFactor of safety; FoSsl = Frest / Ftotal_h = 1.271PASS - Resistance to sliding is greater than sliding

Project

Job Ref.

Section

Sheet no./rev.

13
Calc. by

Date

10/8/2014

Chk'd by

Date

App'd by

Date