06 GB - SS43 - E1 - 0 ZXSDR BTS Structure and Principle 113

ZXSDR BTS
Structure and Principle
ZTE UNIVERSITY
ZTE University, Dameisha
YanTian District, Shenzhen,
P. R. China
518083
Tel: (86) 755 26778800
Fax: (86) 755 26778999
URL: http://ensupport.zte.com.cn
E-mail: support@zte.com.cn
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Publishing Date (MONTH/DATE/YEAR) : 20091111
Content
SDR BTS Structure and Principle .................................. 1

1 SDR Overview............................................................ 2
1.1 SDR Definition ...................................................................... 2
1.2 SDR in ZTE IP RAN ................................................................ 2
1.3 SDR Functions....................................................................... 3
2 Different Types of SDR BTS ....................................... 7

2.1 BS8700 Introduction .............................................................. 7
2.1.1 Overall Appearance ....................................................... 7
2.1.2 Highlight Feature........................................................... 8
2.1.3 Technical Indices ........................................................... 8
2.2 BS8800 GU360 Introduction...................................................14
2.2.1 Overall Appearance ......................................................14
2.2.2 Highlight Feature..........................................................14
2.2.3 Cabinet Layout.............................................................16
2.2.4 Technical Indices ..........................................................20
2.3 BS8900 GU360 Introduction...................................................23
2.3.1 Cabinet Appearance......................................................23
2.3.3 Hardware Structure ......................................................32
2.4 BS8906 G060 Introduction.....................................................44
2.4.1 Physical Appearance .....................................................44
2.4.3 Hardware Structure ......................................................47
3 SDR Boards ............................................................. 57

3.1 Base Band Unit ....................................................................57
3.1.1 CC .............................................................................58
3.1.2 UBPG .........................................................................61
3.1.3 BPC ............................................................................63
3.1.4 FS ..............................................................................65
3.1.5 SA..............................................................................67
3.1.6 SE..............................................................................72
3.1.7 PM .............................................................................74
3.1.8 FA ..............................................................................76
3.2 Radio Unit ...........................................................................77
3.2.1 RSU60 ........................................................................77
4 SDR Principles ......................................................... 81

4.1 Hardware Architecture...........................................................81
4.2 Software Architecture............................................................81
4.3 Signal Flow ..........................................................................83
4.3.1 System Service Signal Flow ...........................................83
4.3.2 System Control Signal Flow ...........................................84
4.3.3 System Clock Signal Flow .............................................84
4.4 Interface and Protocol ...........................................................84
4.4.1 Abis interface ..............................................................85
4.4.2 Um Interface ...............................................................87
4.4.3 Iub Interface ...............................................................89
4.4.4 Uu interface.................................................................91
5 SDR Configuration(BS8800 as Example) ................. 93

5.1 Configuration Principles .........................................................93
5.2 GSM Single Mode Configuration ..............................................94
5.3 UMTS Single Mode Configuration ............................................96
5.4 GSM/UMTS Dual Mode Configuration .......................................97
5.5 Typical Configurations ......................................................... 100
6 SDR Operation and Maintenance ............................107

6.1 Maintenance Overview ........................................................ 107
6.2 Maintenance Functions ........................................................ 108
SDR BTS Structure and

Principle
After you have completed this course, you
will be able to:
>> Learn the SDR definition and functions
>> Learn the different types of ZTE SDR
BTS
>> Lerarn the structure and principle of
SDR boards
>> Learn the work principle of SDR BTS
>> Learn the hardware configuration principle of SDR BTS
>> Leran the operation and maintenance
mode of SDR BTS
Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION
ZXSDR BTS Structure and Principle
Chapter 1 SDR Overview

After you have completed this chapter, you will know:
>> SDR Definition
>> SDR in ZTE IP RAN
>> SDR Functions
1.1 SDR Definition

Industrial
Definition
ZTE Definition
Various technologies providing an efficient and comparatively

inexpensive solution to the problem of building multi-mode,
multi-band, multi-functional mobile radio base stations can be
summed up in term software defined radio (SDR).
Definition: Sum of hardware and software technologies in

which essential parts of operation can be reconfigured by the
upgrading of its software.
GSM/WCDMA dual mode macro base station.
BBU+RRU distributed structure.
BBU adopts standard uTCA hardware platform, based on unified SDR base station researching platform.
GSM/WCDMA with same frequency have same radio unit, but

different baseband board.
1.2 SDR in ZTE IP RAN

A GSM/UMTS system consists of Base Station (BTS), Base Station
Controller (BSC/RNC), Core Networks and MS/UE. The position of
SDR BTS as shown in Figure 1.
FIGURE 1 SDR POSITION IN ZTE IP RAN
SDR functions as the base station (BTS/Node B), forming the

Base Station Subsystem (BSS) with the Base Station Controller
(BSC/RNC).
1.3 SDR Functions

Services
Table 1 lists the services.

TABLE 1 SERVICES PROVIDED
Service Type
GSM/EDGE service
Descriptions
FR: Full-rate voice service
EFR: Enhanced full-rate voice service
HR: Half-rate voice service
AMR: Adaptive multi-rate voice service
F9.6: 9.6 kbps full-rate data service
GPRS/EDGE: GPRS/EDGE packet data service
Positioning service
Providing three kinds of positioning method:

Positioning by CellID
Positioning by CellID+RTT
Positioning by AGPS
Service Type
R99 service
Descriptions
CS domain: AMR voice service (supporting 8
rates), CS 64 kbps service
PS domain: UL/DL 64 kbps, UL/DL 128 kbps,
and UL/DL 384 kbps service
Concurrent service: CS domain (AMR 12.2
kbps, CS 64 kbps) + PS domain (64 kbps, 128
kbps, 384 kbps)
HSDPA service
Supporting a maximum data rate of 14.4 Mbps

Supporting 15 code channels at most
Supporting HSDPA and R99 services on
different carriers
Supporting co-frequency handover,
hetero-frequency handover, and handover
between HSDPA and R99
Supporting concurrent service
Supporting stream media service
HSUPA service
Supporting a maximum data rate of 5.76 Mbps
MBMS service
Supporting broadcast and multicast functions,

supporting PtP and PtM modes
Supporting mobility management
Supporting MBMS service of stream type and
background type
HSPA+ service
Supporting downlink data rate of 43.2 Mbps

Supporting uplink data rate of 11.5 Mbps
Functions
Basic functions
With Um/Uu interface, it accomplishes UE access and RF link
transmission, including:
RF signal processing
Channel coding and decoding
Channel multiplexing and de-multiplexing
Measurement and reporting
Power control
Transmission diversity
Receiving diversity
Calibration
Synchronization
With Abis/Iub interface, it connects with BSC/RNC and accomplishes the following functions:
Cell management
Reporting BTS measurement information
Broadcasting system messages
Access control
Mobility management
Radio resource management
RF signal processing
Transmission management
With operating and maintenance interface, it performs system

management, including:
Configuration management
Alarm management
Status checking and monitoring
Dual mode
Supporting GSM/EDGE and UMTS, each mode can work independently. Supporting mixed installation of boards with
different frequencies in the same cabinet and mixed installation of boards with the same frequency in the same cabinet.
Through relevant baseband board configuration, software
version downloading, and background configuration, the GSM
network and UMTS network can be upgraded, changed over,
or run simultaneously.
Supporting GSM Phase I/GSM Phase II/GSM Phase II + standards.
Supporting UMTS R99, R4, R5, R6, R7.
Frequency hopping
The Equipment supports GSM baseband frequency hopping and
RF frequency hopping.
Power control
The Equipment supports downlink carrier power control. In
GSM/EDGE mode, it supports static 6-level power control and
dynamic 15-level power control.
Discontinuous Transmission (DTX)

The equipment supports DTX, which reduces the transmitting
power and the total signal interference level in the air.
Modulation modes
According to modulation commands issued by the base station
controller, the equipment supports multiple modulation modes
including GMSK, 8PSK, QPSK, and 16-QAM.
Transmission diversity and receiving diversity

In GSM mode, the equipment supports downlink transmission
diversity, two-way/four-way diversity reception. It also supports the four-antenna IRC technology.
IRC switch control

The equipment can enable and disable the interference-eliminating function through software. After the function is disabled, the system can be recovered to the state before the
disabling operation is performed.
IP Abis interface
IP function is supported at Abis interface.
GPS all-network synchronization

The GPS module is embedded in the baseband unit. The GPS
clock is taken as the standard clock source for the entire base
station to realize the GSM system all-network synchronization.
Carrier license control

The equipment performs license control for multi-carrier-module carrier, which can be commissioned according to a single
carrier.
Electrical antenna
The equipment supports electrical antenna and Tower Mounted
Amplifier (TMA).
Viterbi decoding algorithm

The receiving end supports the Viterbi decoding algorithm, increasing the system receiving sensitivity and channel decoding
capability.
Co-BCCH technology
The Co-BCCH technology is supported. It is often applied in
dual-band cell. The dual-band cell means that carriers of two
bands are supported in the same cell, and carriers of different
bands share the same BCCH.
Chapter 2 Different Types of SDR

BTS
>> Appearance, features and indices of B8200+R8860
>> Appearance, features and indices of BS8800
2.1 BS8700 Introduction

2.1.1 Overall Appearance
System consists of the core BBU (B8200) and RRU (R8860).
The combination of B8200 and R8860 is the dual-mode macro
distributed BTS, mainly used for outdoor and indoor G/U
900/1800/850/1900M dual-mode coverage. The physical structure of B8200+R8860 is shown in Figure 2
FIGURE 2 B8200+R8860 APPEARANCE
2.1.2 Highlight Feature

Compared with traditional BTS, B8200 and R8860 has following
highlight features:
Series RRUs, suitable for multi indoor and outdoor coverage

scenarios.
RRU - Compact Design, Light, Easy Installation

Plug-in design for B8200 shelf, 19 inch, 2U in height and 8.75
kg in weight. It can be conveniently deployed on the wall, on
the ground, in the 19 inch rack, etc.
RRU Installed Near Antenna, Saving Feeder Loss, Enhancing

Coverage
Series RRU can be remotely installed near the antenna system
to lower the feeder loss. The coverage gain can reach more
than 3dB compared with traditional macro NodeB.
Shared Base-band Resources, Dynamic Traffic Adjustment

Suitable for traffic transferring dynamically or outburst areas,
such as CBD, uptown or beauty spot, avoiding resources waste.
Various Interfaces, Flexible Networking

ATM/IP dual protocol stacks, providing with various interfaces
such as E1/T1/E3/T3/STM-1/GE etc. It supports SDH networking, hybrid transmission and all-IP networking.
G/U Dual Mode Configuration, Smoothly Evolve to Future Network

Supports GSM/GPRS/ EDGE/ Enhanced EDGE/UMTS/HSPA/HSPA+ and fully satisfies future evolution to LTE.
Multi-Carriers and Multi-Frequencies

R8860 supports up to 3 UMTS carriers or 6 GSM carriers in
single mode, 2 GSM + 2 UMTS carriers or 4 GSM+1 UMTS
carriers in dual mode. R8860 also supports multi-frequencies,
including 900MHz/1800MHz/850MHz/1900MHz.
2.1.3 Technical Indices

2.1.3.1 Performance Indices
Type
Item
Indices
R8860(60W): 900/1800 MHz
Performance
Indices
Working
Frequency
Capacity
R8860(80W):
900/1800/850/1900 MHz
Max
Carrier/Sector
24 CS (UMTS
single mode)
Chapter 2 Different Types of SDR BTS
Type
Item
Indices
Max
Carrier/TRX
3 Carriers
(UMTS single
mode)
36 TRX (GSM
single mode)
Max Channel
Element
UL: 960 CE
DL: 960 CE
Max Channels
123
Per Cell
Max
Throughput
UL: 57.5 Mbps

DL: 216 Mbps
RRU Type
Output Power
(TOC)
R8860
60/80 W
Output Power
-112 dBm@GSM Single Antenna

Receiving
Sensitivity
-126.5 dBm@UMTS Single

Antenna
-129.2 dBm@UMTS 2 Antennae
2.1.3.2 Interface Indices

Interface
Item
Indices
Type
STM-1
2 pairs(optional)
SFP (LC)
E1/T1
16 pairs(8 pairs
optional)
DB44
10M/100M/100
0M electrical
Abis/Iub
AutoNegotiation.
RJ45
Ethernet
Auto-MDI/MDIX
1 1000M optical
SFP (LC)
1 100M optical
Interface
Cascading,
Debugging
or Local
Maintenance
Item
Type
Indices
10M/100M/100
0M electrical
AutoNegotiation.
Ethernet
RJ45
Auto-MDI/MDIX
Baseband/Radio
CPRI
12 pairs
SFP (LC)
Clock
GPS
SMA
2.1.3.3 Physical Indices

Type
Item
Index
B8200: 88.4 * 482.6 * 197 mm (H
* W * D)
Dimension
R8860: 500 * 320 * 172 mm (H *
W * D)
Physical
Indices
B8200: 8.75 Kg
Weight
R8860: 22.5 Kg
2.1.3.4 Power Indices

Type
Item
Index
Power supply, voltage

range of variation
Power Indices
B8200: -48V DC (-57

V DC ~ -40 V DC)
R8860: -48V DC (-35
V DC ~ -60 V DC)
2.1.3.5 Power Consumption
Type
Power Consumption
Indices
10
Mode
UMTS Single
Mode
Configuration
Typical
Power
Consumption(60W/
900M Hz)
Typical
Power
Consumption(80W/
900 MHz)
B8200
6CS/1 BPC
80W
80W
B8200
12CS/2 BPC
115W
115W
B8200
18CS/3 BPC
145W
145W
B8200
24CS/4 BPC
180W
180W
Type
Mode
GSM Single
Mode
G/U
DualMode
Configuration
Typical
Power
Consumption(60W/
900M Hz)
Typical
Power
Consumption(80W/
900 MHz)
UMTS
1C/TOC
20W
170W
155W
UMTS
2C/TOC
40W
200W
185W
UMTS
3C/TOC
60W
225W
205W
UMTS
4C/TOC
80W
230W
B8200
12TRX/1
UBPG
60W
60W
B8200
24TRX/2
UBPG
75W
75W
B8200
36TRX/3
UBPG
90W
90W
B8200
48TRX/4
UBPG
105W
105W
B8200
60TRX/5
UBPG
120W
120W
GSM/S1
300W
330W
GSM/S2
240W
250W
GSM/S3
220W
220W
GSM/S4
210W
210W
GSM/S5
205W
205W
GSM/S6
200W
200W
6CS+12TRX/1BPC+1
UBPG
95W
95W
12CS+24TRX/2BPC+2
UBPG
145W
145W
GSM S1 + 1
UMTS CS
265W
275W
11
Type
Mode
Configuration
Typical
Power
Consumption(60W/
900M Hz)
Typical
Power
Consumption(80W/
900 MHz)
GSM S2 + 1
UMTS CS
235W
245W
GSM S3 + 1
UMTS CS
220W
225W
GSM S4 + 1
UMTS CS
215W
200W
2.1.3.6 Environment Indices

Type
Item
Index
B8200:
Long-term: -15C ~
+50C
Short-term: -35C ~
+60C
Temperature
R8860:
Long-term: -40C ~
+55C
Short-term: -40C ~
+60C
B8200:
Long-term: 5% ~
95%
Environment Indices
Short-term: 5% ~
100%
Relative Humidity
R8860:
Long-term: 5% ~
100%
Short-term: 5% ~
100%
B8200: IP20
Waterproof/Dustproof
R8860: IP65
Ground
10
B8200:
Storage
12
Indoor pack
depositing
Type
Item
Index
Temperature: -45C
~ +70C
Relative humidity:
10% ~ 90%
R8860:
Indoor pack
depositing
Temperature: -45C
~ 70C
Relative humidity:
5% ~ 98%
2.1.3.7 EMC Indices

Type
Item
Index
YD/T 1595.2-2007
ETSI EN 301 489-01 ETSI EN 301
489-23
EMC
Indices
National/International Standard
ETSI EN 300 386V1.3.2

(CISPR22) Class B
Directive 1999/5/EC (R)
2.1.3.8 Reliability Indices

Type
Item
Index
B8200: 230,000 hours
MTBF
R8860: 180,000 hours
B8200: 0.5 hours
MTTR
Reliability
Indices
R8860: 0.5 hours

Availability
B8200: 99.9997%
R8860: 99.9997%
Down Duration
B8200: 1.143 minute/year

R8860: 1.460 minute/year
13
2.2 BS8800 GU360 Introduction

2.2.1 Overall Appearance
The BS8800 cabinet includes the primary cabinet and the auxiliary
cabinet. The primary cabinet supports 36 GSM carriers. When
the number of carriers at a site exceeds 36, the capacity can be
expanded by adding secondary cabinet, and each auxiliary cabinet
also supports 36 GSM carriers.
Figure 3 shows the appearance of BS8800 cabinet.
FIGURE 3 BS8800 APPEARENCE
1.
Auxiliary cabinet
2.
Primary cabinet

BS8800 is one of multi-carrier, multi-mode indoor macro base station in ZXSDR BTS series. By applying advanced MicroTCA platform and SDR technology, BS8800 can support GPRS/EDGE/Enhanced EDGE/UMTS/HSPA and HSPA+ simultaneously. Its main
advantage is that it can be configured to a GERAN BTS, or a UTRAN
Node B, or a G/W dual-mode BTS by software reconfiguration only.
BS8800 develops a new solution for GSM/UMTS integrated network and network evolution. It can be applied in dense urban,
urban, suburban, rural area, highway or indoor environment; also
it can fully meet operators requirements in different stages and
scenarios. In addition, BS8800 can decrease the mobile network
construction and operation cost.
14
Smooth Evolution
BS8800 software and hardware support full-feature EDGE and

UMTS/HSPA and satisfy operatorsfuture needs for data service.
In the future evolution to EDGE+ and HSPA+, only software
upgrade is needed.
The MicroTCA architecture supports up to 10Gbps data throughput. It enables BS8800 to be also capable for LTE application.
Easy Installation
BS8800 Primary cabinet dimension: 950mm * 600mm * 450mm

(H*W*D), auxiliary cabinet dimension: 700mm * 600mm *
450mm (H*W*D). Front wiring design enables against wall
installation and conveniently maintenance.
Evolution to IP
RAN
BS8800 is developed based on the ZTE unified MicroTCA platform.

Abis/Iub interfaces based on GE/FE or IPoverE1 are provided. IP
RAN can be conveniently achieved.
Smooth Expansion
Each BS8800 dual-mode Radio Unit has the capability to support 6

GSM TRX or 3 UMTS carriers. If GSM and UMTS are configured at
the same time, each radio unit supports 3 GSM TRX plus 1 UMTS
carrier or 2 GSM TRX plus 2 UMTS carrier.
Low Power
Consumption
BS8800 apply Doherty, DPD and MCPA technologies to power amplifier module which improve PA efficiency.
With S666 GSM, BS8800 power consumption is 735W, and S222
UMTS configuration, BS8800 power consumption is 600W less
than half of conventional macro base station.
Rich Interfaces
BS8800 provides E1/T1, STM-1 and GE/FE interfaces for Abis/Iub

connection and supports various transmission networking such as
SDH network, IP networking or splitting transmission.
Flexible Dualmode Networking
BS8800 meets GSM/UMTS dual mode networking requirements

in different scenarios. BS8800 supports GSM900+GSM1800 dual
band networking and zero TCO from 2G to 3G smooth evolution,
which GSM900+UMTS900 can be supported with correspond software configuration. BS8800 also supports only GSM in the initial
stage; UMTS 2100M can be supported by adding RU modules. In
this way, GSM/UMTS co-existence can be realized perfectly.
Network upgrade from GSM900 to GSM900+GSM1800

BS8800 supports 6 RU modules. Supposed that there are
3 RU-900 modules in one cabinet originally, by adding 3
RU-1800, GSM900+GSM1800 can be supported and the
capacity is GSM900 S666 plus GSM1800 S666 in one cabinet.
Network upgrade from GSM900 to GSM900+UMTS2100

In network evolution, based on the existing GSM900 network,
UMTS2100 network can be constructed by adding RU-2100
modules and corresponding baseband resource. This is the
most economic 2G to 3G evolution step in which main control
module, transmission module and power are shared.
Network upgrade from GSM900/1800 to GSM900/1800+UMTS900/1800

BS8800 can support SDR, designed to support UMTS, GSM
or G/U with different software configuration in the same frequency range. So in this network evolution, only need add
UMTS baseband process -board.
15
2.2.3 Cabinet Layout

BS8800 cabinet is categorized into primary cabinet and secondary
cabinet. When the number of GSM carriers exceeds 36, the secondary cabinet is configured. The cabinet layout is shown in Figure
4.
FIGURE 4 BS8800 CABINET LAYOUT
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16
Secondary cabinet
RF layer
Cable rack
Power distribution subrack
Fan subrack
Ventilation space
Primary cabinet
RF layer
Cable rack
Fan subrack
Ventilation subrack
Baseband layer
Baseband layer
Ventilation space
Table 2 describes the cabinet layout.

TABLE 2 BS8800 CABINET LAYOUT
Cabinet
Primary
cabinet
Name
Height
Amount
RF layer
6 U
Used to configure the radio unit and process radio

signal transmission and receiving
Baseband
layer
2 U
Used to configure the baseband unit and process

baseband data
Power
distribution subrack
1 U
Used for cabinet power distribution
Fan
subrack
1 U
Used for radio unit heat dissipation
Ventilation subrack
2 U
Used for radio unit heat dissipation
Ventilation subrack
1 U
Used for baseband units heat dissipation
Used for cabling inside the cabinet
RF layer
6 U
Used to configure the radio unit and process radio

signal transmission and receiving
Power
distribution subrack
1 U
Used for cabinet power distribution
Fan
subrack
1 U
Used for the secondary cabinet heat dissipation
Ventilation
space
1.75 U
Used for the secondary cabinet heat dissipation
Cable
rack
Used for cabling inside the cabinet
Cable
rack
Secondary cabinet
Functions
2.2.3.1 RF Layer
The RF layer is located on the top of the cabinet. It is used to
configure RUs, as shown in Figure 5.
17
FIGURE 5 RF LAYER
1.
RU
Based on the site type, you can configure RU60, RSU60, RU02, or
RU40 in slots 16.
TABLE 3 RF LAYER DESCRIPTION
Name
Board/Module
RU60
Quantity
Multi-carrier RF unit
1~6
Dual-mode multi-carrier RF
unit
1~6
RU40
Single-mode multi-carrier RF
unit
1~6
RU02
Dual-density RF unit
1~6
RSU60
2.2.3.2 Baseband Layer

A maximum of two baseband layers can be configured, as shown
in Figure 6.
18
FIGURE 6 BASEBAND LAYER
1.
2.
3.
FS
PM
CC
4.
5.
6.
SA
UBPG/BPC
FA
Table 4 shows the boards that can be configured in baseband layers.

TABLE 4 BASEBAND LAYER DESCRIPTION
Name
Board/Module
Quantity
CC
Main control board
2, in active/standby mode
UBPG/BPC
GSM baseband processing

board/UMTS baseband
processing board
1~5
FS
Network switching board
2, in load sharing
mode
SA
On-site alarm board
PM
Power module
FA
Fan module
2.2.3.3 Subracks
Power distribution subrack is used to distribute power to the

cabinet. It is mandatory.
Fan subrack and 2U ventilation subrack perform heat dissipation for RUs. They are mandatory.
1U ventilation subrack performs heat dissipation for BBUs. One

baseband layer needs one 1U ventilation subrack. A maximum
of two ventilation subracks can be configured.
Lightning protection subrack is used to protect the signals led

from external interfaces against lightning. It is optional.
19

Item
Indices
Primary cabinet appearance
Main cabinet dimension

(Height Width Depth)
950 600 450 mm
Weight/Rack
fully configured less than 150Kg
Auxiliary cabinet appearance
Auxiliary cabinet dimension

(Height Width Depth):
700 600 450 mm
Weight/Rack
fully configured less than 130Kg
Color
Dark blue
2.2.4.2 Capacity Indices
20
Item
Indices
Maximum UMTS TRX
24CS
Maximum GSM TRX
Main cabinet support 36TRX(single RU

support 6TRXfully configured maximum
6 RU, capacity expansion to 60 TRX via
auxiliary cabinet.
Maximum GSM/UMTS
dual-mode TRX
GSM 18 TRX + UMTS 4C3S
Maximum Pure tone

channel CE
Uplink960CEDownlink:960CE
Maximum cell channel
123
Maximum throughput
216Mbps

Operation
Frequency Band
Item
Indices
Frequency Band
GSM: 850M/EGSM/900M/1800M/1900 MHz

UMTS: 850M/900M/1800M/1900M/2100 MHz
Receiver
sensitivity
Item
Indices
Receiver sensitivity
-113dBm@GSM single antenna

-126.5dBm@UMTS single antenna
-129.2dBm@UMTS double antennas
-131.9dBm@UMTS four antennas
TRX Output Power

Radio Unit Type
TOC Output Power
RSU60(GSM)
GMSK 80W/8PSK 50W
RSU60(UMTS)
80W
RSU60(G/U)
80W

Power
Requirements
Power
Consumption
Item
Indices

range of variation
-48V DC(-57 ~ -40VDC)
BS8800 GSM Configuration Power Consumption List (UnitW)

Station
S6/6/6
S12/12/12
Radio
Module
Name
Frequency
Average
Peak
Average
Peak
RSU60
850M/90
0M/1800
M/1900M
725/755
1165/120
5
1265/131
0
2170/225
0
BS8800 UMTS Configuration Power Consumption List (UnitW)
21
Station
S111
Radio
Module
Name
Frequency
Average
Peak
Average
Peak
Average
Peak
Average
Peak
RSU60
850/
900/
1800/
1900M
605
735
730
905
870
106
5
970
127
0
S222
S333
S444
BS8800 G/U Dual-mode Configuration Power Consumption (Unit:

W)
S444(G)+S111(U)
Radio Module Name
Average
Peak
RSU60
800/845
1185/1230

Interface
Item
Indices
Type
STM-1
2 pairs(optional)
SFP (LC)
E1/T1
16 pairs(8 pairs
optional)
DB44
10M/100M/100
0M electrical
Abis/Iub
AutoNegotiation.
RJ45
Ethernet
Auto-MDI/MDIX
1 1000M optical
SFP (LC)
1 100M optical
Cascading,
Debugging
or Local
Maintenance
10M/100M/100
0M electrical
Ethernet
AutoNegotiation.
RJ45
Auto-MDI/MDIX
22
Baseband/Radio
CPRI
12 pairs
SFP (LC)
Clock
GPS
SMA
2.2.4.6 EMC Indices

Type
Item
Index
YD/T 1595.2-2007
489-23
EMC
Indices
ETSI EN 300 386V1.3.2

(CISPR22) Class B

Item
Indices
MTBF
159,000 hours
MTTR
0.5 hours
Availability index:
99.999686%
Down duration
<1.653 min/year
2.3 BS8900 GU360 Introduction

2.3.1 Cabinet Appearance
The following types of cabinets can be configured for the BS8900.
BC8910: It is a site support cabinet used to accommodate a

power supply system, a baseband pool unit, a heat exchanger
and transmission equipment.
RC8910: It is an outdoor RF cabinet used to accommodate RF

units.

units and storage batteries.

units and storage batteries.
PC8910: It is a battery cabinet used to accommodate storage

batteries.
The cabinets BC8910, RC8910, RC8911 and PC8910 have the

same appearance and dimensions; while the cabinet RC8931 is
higher than them. Figure 7 shows the appearance of the cabinets
RC8931, BC8910 and RC8911.
23
FIGURE 7 APPEARANCE OF CABINETS
1.
2.
RC8931
BC8910
3.
RC8911
The maximum external dimensions of the cabinets BC8910,

RC8910, RC8911 and PC8910 are: 600 mm (W)600 mm
(D)850 mm (H). The maximum external dimensions of these
cabinets mounted with top and base are: 600 mm (W)640
mm (D)1050 mm (H).
The maximum external dimensions of the RC8931 cabinet are:

350 mm (W)640 mm (D)1700 mm (H). The maximum external demensions of the cabinet with top and base are: 350
mm (W)640 mm (D)1900 mm (H).
You can install and configure the cabinets flexibly according to the
actual capacity on site. The following illustrates some typical configurations and installation layout of the cabinets.
24
AC Configuration:
BC8910+RC8911
FIGURE 8 AC CONFIGURATION: BC8910+RC8911
1.
2.
BC8910
RC8911
25
AC Configuration:
BC8910+RC8911
+RC8931
FIGURE 9 AC CONFIGURATION: BC8910+RC8911+RC8931
1.
2.
DC Configuration:
BC8910+RC8910
26
RC8931
BC8910
3.
RC8911
It is unnecessary to configure a B121 power supply subrack in the

BC8910 cabinet when the BS8900 is configured with DC power
supply.
FIGURE 10 STANDARD DC CONFIGURATION: BC8910+RC8910
1.
2.
BC8910 (DC)
RC8910
27
DC Configuration:
BC8910+2RC8910
FIGURE 11 DC CONFIGURATION: BC8910+2RC8910
1.
2.
3.
28
BC8910 (DC)
RC8910
RC8910
DC Configuration:
BC8910+3RC8910
FIGURE 12 DC CONFIGURATION: BC8910+3RC8910
1.
2.
AC Configuration:
BC8910+PC8910
+RRU
BC8910 (DC)
RC8910
3.
4.
RC8910
RC8910
A BC8910 cabinet, a PC8910 cabinet and several RRUs can be combined to form a BS8900 base station with remote RF units. Five
RRUs can be used due to the PDM subrack with the lightning protection function. The RRUs are connected to the BC8910 cabinet
with fiber optic cables.
29
FIGURE 13 AC CONFIGURATION: BC8910+PC8910+RRU
1.
2.
3.
30
BC8910
PC8910
RRU
AC Configuration:
BC8910+RC8910
+RC8911+PC8910
FIGURE 14 AC CONFIGURATION: BC8910+RC8910+RC8911+PC8910
1.
2.
BC8910
RC8910
3.
4.
PC8910
RC8911

BS8900 is one of multi-carrier, multi-mode outdoor macro base
station in ZXSDR BTS series. By applying advanced MicroTCA
platform and SDR technology, BS8900 can directly support
GPRS/EDGE/Enhanced EDGE/UMTS/HSPA and HSPA+ simultaneously. Its main advantage is that can be configured to a GERAN
BTS, or a UTRAN Node B, or a G/W dual-mode BTS by software
reconfiguration only and no required to add any hardware.
BS8900 develops a new solution for GSM/UMTS integrated network and network evolution. It not only can be applied in dense urban, urban, suburban, rural area, highway in outdoor environment
and can fully meet operators requirements in different stages and
scenarios, but also decreases the mobile network construction and
operation cost.
Smooth Evolution
BS8900 software and hardware support full-feature EDGE and

UMTS/HSPA and satisfy operatorsfuture needs for data service.
In the future evolution to EDGE+ and HSPA+, only software
upgrade is needed.
The MicroTCA architecture supports up to 10Gbps data throughput. It enables BS8900 to be also capable for LTE application.
Easy Installation

31
Evolution to IP
RAN

Smooth Expansion
Each BS8900 dual-mode Radio Unit has the capability to support 6

GSM TRX or 3 UMTS carriers. If GSM and UMTS are configured at
the same time, each radio unit supports 3 GSM TRX plus 1 UMTS
carrier, or 2 GSM TRX plus 2 UMTS carriers as an example.
Low Power
Consumption
BS8900 apply Doherty, DPD and MCPA technologies to power amplifier module which improve PA efficiency.
With S666 GSM, BS8900 mean power consumption is less than
735W, and S222 UMTS configuration, BS8900 mean power consumption is less than 740W only one third of conventional macro
base station.
Rich Interfaces
BS8900 provides E1/T1, STM-1 and GE/FE interfaces for Abis/Iub

connection and supports various transmission networking such as
SDH network, IP networking or splitting transmission.
BS8900 meets GSM/UMTS hybrid networking requirements in different scenarios. BS8900 supports GSM900+GSM1800 hybrid networking and zero TCO from 2G to 3G smooth evolution. It can be
configured only to support GSM in the initial stage; UMTS 2100M
can be supported by adding RU modules. In this way, GSM/UMTS
co-existence can be realized perfectly. Also GSM900+UMTS900
can be supported with correspond software configuration.

BS8900 supports 6 RU modules. Supposed that there are
3 RU-900 modules in one cabinet originally, by adding 3
RU-1800, GSM900+GSM1800 can be supported and the
capacity is GSM900 S666 plus GSM1800 S666 in one cabinet.

UMTS2100 network can be constructed by adding RU-2100
modules and corresponding baseband resource. This is the
most economic 2G to 3G evolution step in which main control
module, transmission module and power are shared.
Network upgrade from GSM900/1800 to GSM900/1800+UMTS900/1800

or G/U with different software configuration in the same frequency range. So in this network evolution, only need add
UMTS baseband process -board.
2.3.3 Hardware Structure

2.3.3.1 Cabinet Layout
BS8900 cabinet layout is as follows:
32
BC8910 (AC)
FIGURE 15 BC8910AC
1.
2.
Heat exchanger
Reserved space
3.
4.
Baseband layer
Subrack
Dimensions
Quantity
Main features
Baseband layer
2U
Configure BBU
and process
baseband data
Power
distribution
subrack
6U
Configure
B121 power
and provide
DC power
for internal
modules within
the cabinet
Heat exchanger
4U
Cabinet heat
dissipation
Reserved space
6U
Accommodate
other devices
such as
transmission
device,
lightning
protection
subrack, and
cable tray.
Dummy panel is
not required.
33
BC8910 (DC)
FIGURE 16 BC8910DC
1.
2.
3.
34
Heat exchanger
Reserved space
Baseband layer
4.
5.
6.
Lightning protection subrack

Cabling rack
Subrack
Dimensions
Quantity
Main features
Baseband layer
2U
Configure BBU
and process
baseband data
Power
distribution
subrack
3U
PDM, to
distribute
power inside
the cabinet
Heat exchanger
4U
Reserved space
6U
Cabinet heat
dissipation
Accommodate
other devices
such as
transmission
device,
lightning
protection
subrack, and
cable tray.
Dummy panel is
not required.
RC8911
Subrack
Dimensions
Quantity
Main features
Lightning
protection
subrack
2U
Lightning
protection for
input/output E1
and trunk node
signals.
Cabling rack
1U
Cabling inside
the cabinet
FIGURE 17 RC8911
1.
2.
3.
Fan subrack
RF unit
4.
5.
Storage battery
Base
Subrack
Dimensions
Quantity
Main features
RF unit
Dimensions of
each RU: 482.6
mm (H)88
mm (W)360
mm (D)
Transmit and
receive radio
signals
Fan subrack
Heat dissipation
for RF unit
35
RC8910
Subrack
Dimensions
Quantity
Main features
Storage battery
Dimensions of
a battery: 288
mm (H)110
mm (W)550
mm (D)
Backup battery,
providing
power for the
equipment
when the
external power
is cut off
Power
distribution
subrack
Distribute
power for
the overall
equipment
FIGURE 18 RC8910
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
36
Fan subrack
RF unit
Breaker and surge arrester
Base
Subrack
Dimensions
Quantity
Main features
RF unit
Dimensions of
each RU: 482.6
mm (H)88
mm (W)360
mm (D)
Transmit and
receive radio
signals
Fan subrack
Heat dissipation
for RF unit
Power
distribution
subrack
Distribute
power for
the overall
equipment
37
RC8931
FIGURE 19 RC8931
1.
2.
3.
4.
38
Fan subrack
RF unit
Storage battery
5.
Base
PC8910
Subrack
Dimensions
Quantity
Main features
RF unit
Dimensions of
each RU: 482.6
mm (H)88
mm (W)360
mm (D)
Transmit and
receive radio
signals
Fan subrack
Heat dissipation
for RF unit
Storage battery
Dimensions of
a battery: 288
mm (H)110
mm (W)550
mm (D)
Backup battery,
providing
power for the
equipment
when the
external power
is cut off
Power
distribution
subrack
Distribute
power for
the overall
equipment
FIGURE 20 PC8910
1.
Storage battery
2.
Base
Configure 8 batteries. The dimensions of each battery: 288 mm

(H)110 mm (W)550 mm (D)
39

BS8900 Basic Structure Physical Indices.
Name
BC8910
PC8910
RC8910
RC8911
RC8931
Dimension(H*
W*D)
850*600
*600
850*600
*600
850*600
*600
850*600
*600
1700*35
0*600
Weight of
full configuration without battery(Kg)
113
52
144
100
97
Notes
Reserved
6U internal space,
can be
built-in
BBU,
transmission
equipments
and microwave
etc.
2*135AH
6*RU
3*RU+13
5AH
3*RU+13
4AH
( mm*mm*mm)
Different Combination of BS8900.

AC Integrative BaseStation(Compact-Style)
AC Integrative BaseStation(Complete-Style)
DC Split BaseStation(Standard-Style)
BC8910+RC891
1
BC8910 +
RC8911 +
RC8931
BC8910 +
RC8910
Weight
Full
configuration
without battery:
220Kg
Full
configuration
without battery:
320Kg
Full
configuration
without battery:
235Kg
Dimension(H*W*D):
1700600600
(mm)
1700950600
(mm)
1700120060
0(mm)
Type
40

Item
Indices
Maximum UMTS TRX
24CS
Maximum GSM TRX
Support 36TRX single RU support

6TRXfully configured maximum 6 RU.
Maximum GSM/UMTS
dual-mode TRX
GSM 18 TRX + UMTS 4C3S
Maximum Pure tone channel

CE
Uplink: 960CEDownlink: 960CE
Maximum cell channel
123
Maximum throughput
216Mbps

Operation
Frequency Band
Item
Indices
Frequency Band
GSM: 850M/EGSM/900M/1800M/1900 MHz

UMTS: 850M/900M/1800M/1900M/2100 MHz
Receiver
sensitivity
Item
Indices

-126.5dBm@UMTS single antenna
-129.2dBm@UMTS double antennas
-131.9dBm@UMTS four antennas
TRX Output Power

Radio Unit Type
TOC Output Power
RSU60(GSM)
GMSK 80W/8PSK 50W
RSU60(UMTS)
80W
RSU60(G/U)
80W
41

Power
Requirements
Power
Consumption
Item
Indices

range of variation
-48V DC(-57 ~ -40VDC)
Battery back-up
2*135AH
BS8900 GSM Configuration Power Consumption List (UnitW)

Station
S6/6/6
S12/12/12
Radio
Module
Name
Frequency
Average
Peak
Average
Peak
RSU60
850M/90
0M/1800
M/1900M
725
1300
1285
2395
BS8900 UMTS Configuration Power Consumption List (UnitW)

S222
S333
S444
Station
S111
Radio
Module
Name
Frequency
Average
Peak
Average
Peak
Average
Peak
Average
Peak
RSU60
850/
900/
1800/
1900M
670
870
870
100
5
970
117
0
104
0
134
0
BS8800 G/U Dual-mode Configuration Power Consumption (Unit:

W)
S444(G)+S111(U)
42
Radio Module Name
Average
Peak
RSU60
800
1320

Interface
Item
Indices
Type
STM-1
2 pairs(optional)
SFP (LC)
E1/T1
16 pairs(8 pairs
optional)
DB44
10M/100M/100
0M electrical
Abis/Iub
AutoNegotiation.
RJ45
Ethernet
Auto-MDI/MDIX
1 1000M optical
SFP (LC)
1 100M optical
Cascading,
Debugging
or Local
Maintenance
10M/100M/100
0M electrical
Ethernet
AutoNegotiation.
RJ45
Auto-MDI/MDIX
Baseband/Radio
CPRI
12 pairs
SFP (LC)
Clock
GPS
SMA
2.3.4.6 Battery back-up

RC8931 and RC8911 support 135AH battery, PC8910 supports
2*135AH battery. The actual configuration is flexibly based on
the user needs.
2.3.4.7 Build in Transmission Equipments

19-inch wide 4U high additional space is for the transmission and
other equipments.
2.3.4.8 Environment Indices

Item
Indices
Temperature
-40~55C(Can work for 2 hours in 55C)
Relative Humidity
5%~100%
Waterproof/Dustproof
IP55
43
Item
Indices
Ground
5 ;earth resistance can less 10 in

thunderless area which has thunderstorm
days less than 20.
Indoor pack depositing
Storage
Temperature: -45C~70C
Relative Humidity:10%~98%
2.3.4.9 EMC Indices

Type
Item
Index
YD/T 1595.2-2007
489-23
EMC
Indices
ETSI EN 300 386V1.3.2

(CISPR22) Class B

Item
Indices
MTBF
159,000 hours
MTTR
0.5 hours
Availability index:
99.999686%
Down duration
1,653 min/year
2.4 BS8906 G060 Introduction

2.4.1 Physical Appearance
BS8906 appearance is shown in Figure 21.
44
FIGURE 21 BS8906 PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

BS8906 is one of multi-carrier, multi-mode outdoor micro base
station in ZXSDR BTS series. By applying advanced MicroTCA platform and SDR technology, BS8906 can support GPRS/ EDGE/ Enhanced EDGE and UMTS/ HSPA /HSPA+ simultaneously by software upgrade. BS8906 takes full consideration of the operators
demands and has powerful advantages.
Smooth Evolution
Generic BS platform
The BBU adopts a platform based on the future-proof B3G or
4G design. Therefore, different standard systems can exist in
one hardware platform or in one BS. This platform can help
operators simplify operation management and combine many
BSs that are required to be invested into one multi-mode BS.
Besides, the platform helps the operators flexibly select the
evolution trend of the future network and allow the terminal
users experience network transparency and smooth evolution
as well.
Adopts the advanced Micro Telecom Computing Architecture

(MicroTCA)
The MicroTCA adopts the standard template, compact design
and block architecture, which makes the operation more effective and of higher performance-price ratio.
Compact Design
A single BTS can support 6 TRX for GSM.
45
High Reliability
High integration, small size and light weight, easy for transportation and installation, thus saving labor cost and engineering cost.
Maintenance at front and leading-out at the bottom. All fans

and lightning modules can be removed on site.
Flexible installation modes: The whole system supports

ground-mounted, post-mounted and wall-mounted installation
modes.
Capability against terrible outdoor environments. It helps operators deploy networks flexibly.
Built-in transmission devices and C-level lightning protection

module to save the operators investment power and accelerate
construction speed.
All-IP Architecture
BS8906 is adopting IP switching. Abis interfaces based on GE/FE

or IPoverE1 are provided. IP RAN can be conveniently achieved.
Smooth Expansion
Each BS8906 Radio Unit (RSU60) has the capability to support 6

GSM TRX. With external R8860, the maximal capability can be 60
TRX in one site.
Low Power
Consumption
BS8906 apply Doherty, DPD and MCPA technologies to power

amplifier module which improve PA efficiency.
With S4 GSM configuration, BS8906 power consumption is

300W 900M 305W 1800M less than conventional microbase
station.
Rich Interfaces
BS8906 provides E1/T1 and GE/FE interfaces for Abis/Iub connection and supports various transmission networking such as SDH
network, IP networking or splitting transmission.
BS8906 meets GSM/UMTS hybrid networking requirements in

different scenarios. With external R8860, BS8906 can supports
GSM900+GSM1800 hybrid networking. Also GSM900+UMTS900
can be supported with correspond software upgrade.

BS8906 supports 1 RSU60 modules. By adding 2 R8860 GU906
and 3 R8860 GU186, GSM900+GSM1800 can be supported and
the capacity is GSM900 S666 plus GSM1800 S666.

or G/U with different software configuration in the same frequency range. So in this network evolution, only need to upgrade software and add UMTS baseband process -board.

UMTS2100 network can be constructed by adding R8840 and
corresponding baseband resource and software upgrade. This
is the most economic 2G to 3G evolution step in which main
control module, transmission module and power are shared.
46
2.4.3 Hardware Structure

2.4.3.1 External Cabinet Structure
BS8906 is the outdoor micro-BTS system in distributed BTS architecture. Figure 22 shows the cabinet appearance.
FIGURE 22 WHOLE CABINET STRUCTURE
The external dimensions of the cabinet is described as follows:
Excluding the cover: 320 mm (W) X 600 mm (H) X 480 mm

(D)
Including the cover: 320 mm (W) X 650 mm (H) X 480 mm

(D)
BBU subrack: 210 mm (W) X 600 mm (H) 480 mm (D)
RSU subrack: 110 mm (W) X 600 mm (H) 480 mm (D)
BS8906 structure includes BBU subrack and RSU subrack, as

shown in Figure 23.
47
FIGURE 23 EXTERNAL BS8906 CABINET STRUCTURE
1.
2.
3.
Cover
BBU Subrack
Heat Exchanger
4.
5.
Base (optional)
RSU Subrack
2.4.3.2 Internal Cabinet Structure

Internal structure of BS8906 cabinet is shown in Figure 24.
48
FIGURE 24 INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF BS8906 CABINET
1.
2.
3.
4.
RSU Subrack
BBU Subrack
BBU module board
APM+PSU subrack / DPM subrack
5.
6.
LPU subrack / transmission subrack / micro-wave subrack

FCE
RSU Subrack
RSU subrack for BS8906 can be located within the same cabinet as
BBU subrack, or within a different cabinet. Size of RSU subrack:
110 mm (W) X 600 mm (H) 480 mm (D).
Figure 25 shows the structure of RSU subrack.
49
FIGURE 25 STRUCTURE OF RSU CABINET
BBU Subrack
Size of BS8906 BBU subrack: 210 mm (W) X 600 mm (H) 480
mm (D) (including heat exchanger). Figure 26 shows the structure
of BBU subrack.
50
FIGURE 26 STRUCTURE OF BBU SUBRACK
1.
2.
BBU subrack
APM+PSU subrack / DPM+DDF
subrack
3.
LPU subrack / transmission subrack / micro-wave subrack
BBU Fan Box

There is fan box mounted at upper inlet in the cabinet, used to
heat dissipation of BBU cabinet.
The structure of the fan box is shown in Figure 27.
51
FIGURE 27 STRUCTURE OF FAN BOX
Heater
You shall install the heater if the minimum temperature of BS8906
working environment is lower than -10.
When environment temperature is -40, the equipment can start
within half an hour, and internal air temperature can reach -10.
Size of the heater: 160 mm (W) X 175 mm (H). The structure of
heater is shown in Figure 28.
FIGURE 28 HEATER STRUCTURE
Heat Exchanger
BBU subrack does heat radiation by using heat exchanger. Heat
exchanger is located at the rear of BBU subrack, with rear exhaust
mode, as shown in Figure 29.
52
FIGURE 29 POSITION OF HEAT EXCHANGER
1.
Position of Heat Exchanger
The size of heat exchanger core: 480 mm (H) X 165 mm (W) X

138 mm (D).

Item
Dimension (Height * Width *
Depth)
Indices
650 320 480 (mm)
650 210 480 (mm) (single BBU)
full configuration is less than 52Kg
Weight/Rack
single BBU configuration is less than

33Kg
Gray
Color

A single micro BS with two external RRUs supports S111 (60w per
TRX) ~ S666 (10w per TRX) in GSM.
53
Item
Indices
Maximum GSM TRX (BBU)
60TRX
Maximum GSM Carriers

(RSU60)
6 TRX

Operation
Frequency Band
Receiver
sensitivity
Item
Indices
Frequency Band
GSM: EGSM/900/1800 MHz
Item
Indices
TRX Output Power

Radio Unit
Type
GSM
PA Output Power
GMSK 83W/ 8PSK 60W
TOC Output Power

GMSK 80W/8PSK 50W

Power
Requirements
Item
Power
supply,
voltage range of
variation
Power
Consumption
Indices
DC: -48 V; voltage fluctuation range: -37 V to
-60 V
AC: 100-240 V; voltage fluctuation range: 90-290
V
Power Consumption List (-48 V DC Power Supply 20C Operating

temperature).
Frequency
Typical
Configuration
Average
Value
Peak Value
900MHz
4TRX
300W
445W
1800MHz
4TRX
305W
460W
Power Consumption List (220 V ACPower Supply 20C Operating

temperature)
54
Average
Value
Typical
Configuration
Frequency
Peak Value
900MHz
4TRX
330W
495W
1800MHz
4TRX
340W
510W
2.4.4.5 Envirnoment Indices

Item
Requirement
Operating
temperature
-40C to +50C
Operating humidity
5%RH to 95%RH

Interface
Item
Indices
Type
E1/T1
8 pairs
DB44
10M/100M/100
0M electrical
AutoNegotiation.
Abis
RJ45
Ethernet
Auto-MDI/MDIX
1 1000M optical
SFP (LC)
1 100M optical
Baseband/Radio
CPRI
12 pairs
SFP (LC)
Electrical
Antenna
AISG
Iuant
Antenna Feeder
ANT
DIN
Clock
GPS
SMA
Environment
Monitoring
Interface
Dry contact
2 input &
outputs
DB25
6 inputs

Item
Indices
MTBF
126,000 hours
MTTR
0.5 hours
55
Item
Indices
Availability index
99.999603%
Down duration
2.086min/year
2.4.4.8 EMC Indices

Type
Item
Index
YD/T 1595.2-2007
489-23
EMC
Indices
ETSI EN 300 386V1.3.2

(CISPR22) Class B
56
Chapter 3 SDR Boards

>> Base band unit boards
>> Radio unit board
3.1 Base Band Unit

Baseband unit is responsible for processing the baseband signals,
which is illustrated in
FIGURE 30 BASEBAND UNIT STRUCTURE
The Baseband unit consists of control & clock board, fabric switch
board, baseband processing board, site alarm board (optional),
power module, and fan module.
Description of Baseband unit boards is shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 MAIN BOARD LIST OF BASEBAND UNIT
Board
Description
CC
Control & Clock Board
FS
Fabric Switch Board
UBPG
Universal Baseband Processing Board for GSM
SA
Site Alarm Board
PM
Power Module
FAM
FAN Module
57
3.1.1 CC
3.1.1.1 CC Functions
CC provides the following functions:
GPS system clock and RF reference clock
Abis/Iub interface function
Ethernet switch function, providing switch plane for signaling

stream and media stream
Rack management
3.1.1.2 CC Panel
Figure 31 shows the appearance of CC panel.
FIGURE 31 CC PANEL
3.1.1.3 CC Indicators
Table 6 describes the indicators on CC panel.
TABLE 6 CC INDICATOR DESCRIPTION
LED
Color
Meaning
Description
HS
Blue
Plugging/Unplugging indicator
On: The board can be

unplugged.
Flashing: The board is being
activated or deactivated.
Off: The board cannot be
unplugged.
RUN
Green
Running indicator
Always on: The board is in reset

state.
Flashing at 1Hz: The board is
normally running.
Off: Self test fails.
ALM
Red
Alarm indicator
On: The board has an alarm.

Off: The board has no alarm.
58
LED
Color
Meaning
Description
E0S
Green
E1/T1 status
indicator (link 03)
Alternate flash for different

links; the max 4 flashes per
second; flashing at frequency of
5 Hz.
The first second: one flash
means Link 0 is normal and OFF
means Link 0 is not in use.
The third second: two flashes
The fifth second: three flashes
The seventh second: four
flashes means Link 3 is normal
and OFF means Link 3 is not in
use.
Recycle. Each cycle lasts for
eight seconds.
E1S
Green
E1/T1 status
indicator (link 47)
Ditto
E2S
Green
E1/T1 status
indicator (link
811)
Ditto
E3S
Green
E1/T1 status
indicator (link
1215)
Ditto
MS
Green
Active/Standby
status indicator
On: The board is in active

status.
Off: The board is in standby
status.
REF
Green
GPS antenna state

or 2 MHz state,
connection state
of SMA Interface
on corresponding
panel GPS
Always on: The antenna feeder

is normal.
Always off: The antenna feeder
and satellite are normal, in
initialization state.
Slow Flash (flashing at 1 Hz)):
The antenna feeder is broken.
Fast Flash (flashing at 2 Hz):
The antenna feeder is normal
but cannot receive satellite
signal.
Slowest Flash (flashing at 0.5
Hz): Antenna short circuit
Quickest Flash (flashing at 5
Hz): No message is received at
the initialization stage.
59
LED
Color
Meaning
Description
ETH0
Green
ABIS/Iub interface
link state
On: Physical link of ABIS/Iub

network interface (optical or
electrical) is normal.
Flashing: physical link of
ABIS/Iub network interface
is normal when sending or
receiving data.
Off: Physical link of ABIS/Iub
network interface is broken.
ETH1
Green
Link state of ETH1

network interface
On: Physical link of network

interface is normal.
Flashing:physical link of
ABIS/Iub network interface
is normal when sending or
receiving data.
Off: Physical link of network
interface is broken.
3.1.1.4 CC Buttons
Table 7 describes the buttons on CC panel.
TABLE 7 CC BUTTONS
Button
Description
M/S
For active and standby switchover
RST
To reset the CC
3.1.1.5 CC Interfaces
Table 8 describes the interfaces on CC module panel.
TABLE 8 INTERFACES ON CC MODULE PANEL
60
Interface
Description
ETH0
Used for Ethernet interface connection between BBU

and BSC/RNC. This interface is either Ethernet optical
interface or electrical interface. (10M/100M/1000M
self-adaptive)
ETH1
Used for BBU cascade, debugging, or local

maintenance. Ethernet electrical interface
(10M/100M/1000M self-adaptive)
EXT
External communication port, connected to external

receiver, (mainly 485, PP1S+/2M+ interface)
REF
Connected to GPS antenna, SMA (F) interface
3.1.1.6 CC Indices
Table 9 lists the specifications of CC indices.
TABLE 9 CC INDEX DESCRIPTION
Index
Specification
Dimension
148.8 mm 19.0 mm 181.5

mm (HWD)
Weight
0.5 Kg
Power consumption
25 W
Hot swap
Yes
3.1.2 UBPG
3.1.2.1 UBPG Functions
uBPG provides the following functions:
Baseband modulation: handles 12 carriers on downlink at

maximum
Baseband modulation: handles 12 carrier on uplink at maximum
Supports baseband frequency hopping
Supports static and dynamic power control
3.1.2.2 UBPG Panel

Figure 32 shows the appearance of UBPG panel.
FIGURE 32 UBPG PANEL
3.1.2.3 UBPG Indicators

Table 10 describes the indicators on UBPG panel.
61
TABLE 10 UBPG INDICATOR DESCRIPTION

LED
Color
Meaning
Description
HS
Blue
On: The
board can be
unplugged.
Flashing: The
board is being
activated or
deactivated.
Off: The board
cannot be
unplugged.
RUN
Green
Running
indicator
Always on: The

board is in reset
state.
Flashing at
1 Hz: The
board is running
normally.
Off: Board self
test fails.
ALM
Red
Alarm indicator
On: The board

has an alarm.
Off: The board
has no alarm.
3.1.2.4 UBPG Buttons

Table 11 describes the buttons on UBPG panel.
TABLE 11 UBPG BUTTONS
Button
Description
RST
To reset the UBPG
3.1.2.5 UBPG Interfaces

Table 12 describes the interfaces on UBPG panel.
TABLE 12 UBPG INTERFACE DESCRIPTION
Interface
Description
TX0 RX0 ~ TX2 RX2
Reserved for future use
3.1.2.6 UBPG Indices

Table 13 lists the specifications of UBPG indices.
62
TABLE 13 UBPG INDEX DESCRIPTION

Indicator
Specification
Dimension
148.8 mm 19.0 mm 181.5 mm

(HWD)
Weight
0.5 Kg
Power consumption
20 W
Hot swap
Yes
3.1.3 BPC
3.1.3.1 BPC Functions
BPC provides the following functions:
Coding/multiplexing, rate matching, channel mapping, spectrum spreading and scrambling, power weight and channel
synthesis for downlink data
Rake receiving and channel decoding for uplink data, transmission of uplink data to Iub interface
Supporting radio link synchronization and transmission-frame

processing
Power control
Soft switch
Measurement
3.1.3.2 BPC Panel

Figure 33 shows the appearance of BPC panel.
FIGURE 33 BPC PANEL
3.1.3.3 BPC Indicators

Table 14 describes the indicators on BPC panel.
63
TABLE 14 BPC INDICATOR DESCRIPTION

LED
Color
Meaning
Description
HS
Blue
On: The
board can be
unplugged.
Flashing: The
board is being
activated or
deactivated.
Off: The board
cannot be
unplugged.
RUN
Green
Running
indicator
Always On: The

board is in reset
state.
Flashing at
1 Hz: The
board is running
normally.
Off: Board self
test fails.
ALM
Red
Alarm indicator
On: The board

has an alarm.
Off: The board
has no alarm.
3.1.3.4 BPC Buttons

Table 15 describes the buttons on BPC panel.
TABLE 15 BPC BUTTONS
Button
Description
RST
To reset the BPC
3.1.3.5 BPC Interfaces

None
3.1.3.6 BPC Indices

Table 16 lists the specifications of BPC indices.
64
TABLE 16 BPC INDEX DESCRIPTION

Index
Specification
Dimension
148.8 mm 19.0 mm 181.5

mm (HWH)
Weight
0.5 Kg
Power consumption
40 W
Hot swap
Yes
3.1.4 FS
3.1.4.1 FS Functions
FS provides the following functions:
Baseband IQ data exchange
Providing the interface between BBU and RRU
3.1.4.2 FS Panel
Figure 34 shows the appearance of FS panel.
FIGURE 34 FS PANEL
3.1.4.3 FS Indicators
Table 17 describes the indicators on FS panel.
TABLE 17 FS INDICATOR DESCRIPTION
LED
Color
Meaning
Description
HS
Blue
On: The
board can be
unplugged.
Flashing: The
board is being
activated or
deactivated.
Off: The board
cannot be
unplugged.
65
LED
Color
Meaning
Description
RUN
Green
Running
indicator
Always on: The

board is in reset
state.
Flashing at
1 Hz: The
board is running
normally.
Off: Self test
fails.
ALM
Red
Alarm indicator
On: The board

has an alarm.
Off: The board
has no alarm.
CST
CPU status
indicator
For possible
future use
SCS
Clock indicator
For possible
future use
FLS
Forward link
indicator
For possible
future use
RLS
Reverse link
indicator
For possible
future use
3.1.4.4 FS Buttons
Table 18 describes the buttons on FS panel.
TABLE 18 FS BUTTONS
Button
Description
RST
To reset the FS
3.1.4.5 FS Interfaces
Table 19 describes the interfaces on FS panel.
TABLE 19 FS INTERFACE DESCRIPTION
Interface
Description
TX0 RX0 ~ TX5 RX5
Optical interface for connecting

RRU
3.1.4.6 FS Indices
Table 20 lists the specifications of FS indices.
66
TABLE 20 FS INDEX DESCRIPTION

Index
Specification
Dimension
148.8 mm 19.0 mm 181.5 mm

(HWD)
Weight
0.5 Kg
Power consumption
15 W
Hot swap
Yes
3.1.5 SA
3.1.5.1 SA Functions
SA provides the following functions:
Alarm monitor and rev control of no more than 9 fans
Signal monitor and interface lightning protection for the rack
Providing 6 input dry contact interfaces, 2 input/output dry

contact interfaces
Providing 8 lines of E1/T1 interfaces
3.1.5.2 SA Panel
Figure 35 shows the appearance of SA panel.
FIGURE 35 SA PANEL
3.1.5.3 SA Indicators
Table 21 describes the indicators on SA panel.
67
TABLE 21 SA INDICATOR DESCRIPTION

LED
Color
Meaning
Description
HS
Blue
On: The
board can be
unplugged.
Flashing: The
board is being
activated or
deactivated.
Off: The board
cannot be
unplugged.
RUN
Green
Running
indicator
Always on: The

board is in reset
state.
Flashing at
1 Hz: The
board is running
normally.
Off: Self check
fails.
ALM
Red
Alarm indicator
On: There is
an alarm on the
board.
Off: There is
no alarm on the
board.
3.1.5.4 SA Buttons
Table 22 describes the buttons on SA panel.
TABLE 22 SA BUTTONS
Button
Description
RST
To reset the SA
3.1.5.5 SA Interfaces
Table 23 describes the interfaces on SA panel.
TABLE 23 SA INTERFACE DESCRIPTION
68
Interface
Description
8 lines of E1/T1 interface, RS485/232 interface, 6+2

dry contact interfaces (6 input lines, 2 bi-directional
lines)
3.1.5.6 SA Jumpers
Note:
For each jumpered position, 0 stands for open circuit, and 1 stands
for short circuit.
Jumpers (X5 and X6) on SA are configurable. X5 is used to set
E1/T1 transmission mode. X6 is used to set cabinet number in
BBU cascade state. Location of X5 and X6 is shown in Figure 36.
For X5/X6 in Figure 36, LSB (least significant bit) position is on
the left side, and MSB (most significant bit) position is on the right
side.
69
FIGURE 36 LOCATION OF X5 AND X6 ON SA
X5 sets the circuit transmission mode for ABIS/Iub interface, which

includes uplink/downlink working mode, matched impedance, and
matching E1/T1 with long-line/short-line.
E1/T1 mode and transmission impedance are set with the two LSB
positions of X5. Configuration of X5 LSB positions is shown in Table
24.
TABLE 24 TWO LSB POSITIONS OF X5
70
X5 Jumpered Position [1, 0]
E1/T1 Mode
[short circuit, short circuit]
Reserved
[short circuit, open circuit]
T1, 100
E1/T1 Mode
[open circuit, short circuit]
E1, 120
[open circuit, open circuit]
E1, 75 by default
Long-line/short-line mode for E1/T1 uplink/downlink is set with the

two MSB positions of X5.
Uplink and downlink employ different transmission directions. Uplink direction is from BBU to BSC/RNC; downlink direction from
BSC/RNC to BBU.
Long-line/short-line refers to E1 receiving mode. Long-line is used
when E1 transmission line is longer than 1 km. Short-line is used
when E1 transmission line is short.
Configuration of X5 MSB positions is shown in Table 25.
TABLE 25 TWO MSB POSITIONS OF X5
Mode
[open circuit, open circuit]
Short-line for uplink and downlink
[short circuit, short circuit]
Long-line for uplink and downlink
[open circuit, short circuit]
Short-line for uplink and long-line

for downlink
[short circuit, open circuit]
Long-line for uplink and short-line

for downlink
X6 is used to set cabinet number in BBU cascade state. Maximum

cascaded BBU quantity is eight. The circuit state for X6 position
is 000-111 (default state is 000). Configuration of X6 jumpered
positions is shown in Table 26.
TABLE 26 X6 JUMPERED POSITIONS
X6 Jumpered Position [2,1,0]
BBU Cabinet Number
[open circuit, open circuit, open

circuit]
[open circuit, open circuit, short

circuit]
[open circuit, short circuit, open

circuit]
[open circuit, short circuit, short

circuit]
[short circuit, open circuit, open

circuit]
[short circuit, open circuit, short

circuit]
71
X6 Jumpered Position [2,1,0]
BBU Cabinet Number
[short circuit, short circuit, open

circuit]
[short circuit, short circuit, short

circuit]
3.1.5.7 SA Indices
Table 27 lists the specifications of SA indices.
TABLE 27 SA INDEX DESCRIPTION
Index
Specification
Dimension
73.8 mm 19.0 mm 181.5 mm

(HWD)
Weight
0.25 Kg
Power consumption
1 W
Hot swap
Yes
3.1.6 SE
3.1.6.1 SE Functions
SE panel provides the following functions:
Responsible for monitoring the signals of the shelf and interface

lightning protection.
Provides 6 input dry contact interfaces, and 2 input/output dry

contact interfaces.
Provides 8 channels of E1/T1 interfaces.
3.1.6.2 SE Panel
Figure 37 shows SE panel.
FIGURE 37 SE PANEL
72
3.1.6.3 SE Indicators
Table 28 describes the indicators on SE panel.
TABLE 28 SE INDICATOR DESCRIPTION
LED
Color
Meaning
Description
HS
Blue
On: The
board can be
unplugged.
Flashing: The
board is being
activated or
deactivated.
Off: The board
cannot be
unplugged.
RUN
Green
Running
indicator
Always on: The

board is in reset
state.
Flashing at
1 Hz: The
board is running
normally.
Off: Self test
fails.
ALM
Red
Alarm indicator
On: The board

has an alarm.
Off: The board
has no alarm.
3.1.6.4 SE Interfaces
Table 29 describes the interfaces on SE panel.
TABLE 29 SE INTERFACE DESCRIPTION
Interface
Description
8 lines of E1/T1 interface,

RS485/232 interface, 6+2 dry
contact interfaces (6 input lines, 2
di-directional lines)
3.1.6.5 SE Indices
Table 30 lists the specifications of PM indices.
73
TABLE 30 SE INDEX DESCRIPTION

Index
Specification
Dimension
73.8 mm 19.0 mm 181.5 mm

(HWD)
Weight
0.2 Kg
Power consumption
1 W
Hot swap
Yes
3.1.7 PM
3.1.7.1 PM Functions
PM provides the following functions:
16 internal interfaces for +12 V load power
16 internal interfaces for +3.3 V management power
EMMC management
Measurement and protection of input over-voltage and undervoltage
Output over-current protection and load power management
3.1.7.2 PM Panel
Figure 38 shows the appearance of PM panel.
FIGURE 38 PM PANEL
3.1.7.3 PM Indicators
Table 31 describes the indicators on PM panel.
74
TABLE 31 PM INDICATOR DESCRIPTION

LED
Color
Meaning
Description
RUN
Green
Running
indicator
Always on: The board is in

reset state.
Flashing at 1 Hz: The board
is running normally.
ALM
Red
HS
Blue
Alarm
indicator
On: The board has an alarm.
On: The board can be

unplugged.
Off: The board has no alarm.
Flashing: The board is being

activated or deactivated.
Off: The board cannot be
unplugged.
3.1.7.4 PM Interfaces
Table 32 describes the interfaces on PM panel.
TABLE 32 PM INTERFACE DESCRIPTION
Name
Description
MON
Debugging interface, RS232 serial

port
-48V/-48VRTN
-48 V input interface
3.1.7.5 PM Indices
Table 33 lists the specifications of PM indices.
TABLE 33 PM INDEX DESCRIPTION
Index
Specification
Dimension
73.8 mm 29.0 mm 181.5 mm

(HWD)
Weight
0.5 Kg
Power Consumption
40 W
Hot swap
Yes
75
3.1.8 FA
3.1.8.1 FA Functions
FA provides the following functions:
System temperature monitoring and control
Monitoring, control, and report of fan state
3.1.8.2 FA Panel
Figure 39 shows the appearance of FA panel.
FIGURE 39 FA PANEL
3.1.8.3 FA Indicators
Table 34 describes the indicators on FA panel.
76
TABLE 34 FA INDICATOR DESCRIPTION

LED
Color
Meaning
Description
RUN
Green
Running
indicator
Always on: The board is

in reset state.
Flashing at 1 Hz: The
board is in running state.
ALM
Red
Alarm
indicator
On: The board has an

alarm.
Off: The board has no
alarm.
3.1.8.4 FA Indices
Table 35 lists the specifications of FA indices.
TABLE 35 FA INDEX DESCRIPTION
Index
Specification
Dimension
84 mm 42 mm 186.7 mm
(HWD)
Weight
0.5 Kg
Power consumption
36 W
Hot swap
Yes
3.2 Radio Unit

3.2.1 RSU60
3.2.1.1 RSU60 Functions
RSU60 is multi-band RF module, including duplex filter, multi-band
amplifier, transceiver board, interface protection board, and power
supply. One RSU60 supports a maximum of 6 carriers and 80W
(GMSK) power output.
It mainly implements the following functions:
Communication with base-band frame;
Middle-frequency and radio frequency processing at base station;
Support local and remote operation & maintenance;
Clock synchronization.
77
3.2.1.2 RSU60 Panel

RSU60 is shown in Figure 40.
FIGURE 40 RSU60 PANEL
3.2.1.3 RSU60 Indicators

For information about RSU60 indicators, refer to Table 36.
78
TABLE 36 RSU60 INDICATORS DESCRIPTION

Name
Color
Meaning
Remarks
RUN
Green
Running
Indicator
Normal ON: RSU60 is in resetting or

starting status
Flash in 1Hz: normal RSU60 status
Flash in 5Hz: downloading version
OFF: self-test failure
ALM
Red
Alarm
Indicator
OFF: indicates normal operation or

resetting, starting, or downloading
version
Flash in 5Hz: critical or severe alarm
Flash in 1Hz: normal or minor alarm
LINK
Green
Optical
link
indicator
Normal ON: normal fiber connection

OFF: disconnected fiber
Flash in 5Hz: consider this link
as clock reference source, and
phase-locked loop in fast capture
status
Flash in 0.25Hz: consider this link
as clock reference source, and
phase-locked loop in trace status
RF
Orange
RF
working
status
indicator
OFF: without RF output

ON: with RF output
3.2.1.4 RSU60 Interfaces

For information about RSU60 interface, refer to Table 37.
TABLE 37 DESCRIPTION OF RSU60 INTERFACES
Interface
Name
Entity at
end A
Entity at end
B
Remarks
ANT1(TX/RX)
RSU60
Rx/Tx Antenna
Connected with Rx/Tx

antenna in primary Rx/Tx
channel
ANT2(RX)
RSU60
Rx Antenna
Connected with Rx
diversity channel
Rx out
RSU60
RSU60 with
extended
frequency
Output interface of
frequency extension,
output primary Rx signal
Rx in
RSU60 with
extended
frequency
RSU60
Input interface of
frequency extension,
input diversity Rx signal
79
Interface
Name
Entity at
end A
Entity at end
B
Remarks
TX1 RX1
RSU60
BBU or upper
cascading
RSU60
Optical CRPI interface

connection for upper
RSU60 cascaded with
BBU
TX2 RX2
RSU60
Lower
cascading
RSU60
Optical CRPI interface

connection for lower
RSU60 cascaded with
BBU
DBG
RSU60
PC and tester
(test-purpose
boards)
Commissioning network
interface and test
interface
RST
Hard Reset Button
MON
RSU60
External
device
Provides 4-way dry

contacts as input
interface and RS485
environment monitoring
interface
AISG
RSU60
Antenna
Feeder
Connect with AISG

interface of antenna
feeder
POWER
RSU60 Front
Panel
RF power in
power subrack
-48VDC input power

interface
3.2.1.5 RSU60 Indices

For information about RSU60 indices, refer to Table 38.
TABLE 38 DESCRIPTION OF RSU60 INDICES
80
Name
Dimension
(mm)
Weight
(kg)
Power
Consumption (W)
Does
support
hot
swapping
RSU60
482.6 (H)
X 88 (W) X
360 (D)
=<13
=<420
Yes
Chapter 4 SDR Principles

>> Hardware Architecture
>> Software Architecture
>> Signal Flow
>> Interface and Protocol
4.1 Hardware Architecture

According to the system logic structure, SDR is divided into two
parts:
Base Band Unit (BBU)
Radio Unit (RU)
BBU and RU are connected by optical fiber, transferring baseband

IQ data and OAM signaling. Figure 41 shows the system structure
of SDR.
FIGURE 41 BS8800 SYSTEM STRUCTURE
4.2 Software Architecture

The software system of SDR can be divided into operating support
layer and application layer, as shown in Figure 42.
81
FIGURE 42 SDR SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE
The operating support layer provides the functions of OSS, OAM,

DBS, BRS, BRACS, and SCS to serve to different BTS mode.
OAM (Operating And Maintenance) is to provide the configuration, alarm and performance measurement function.
DBS (Data Base Sub-system) is the database system.
BRS (Barrier Sub-system) is for protocol stack processing.
BRACS (Barrier Access Control Sub-system) is to control the

access to bear layer.
SCS (System Control Sub-system) is to control the power supplying and active/standby switching.
OSS (Operation Support Sub-system) is the support layer in this

entire framework, which is a hardware irrespective platform for
running software and provides basic functions like scheduling,
timer, memory management, communication, sequencing control,
monitoring, alarming and logging.
BSP (Board Support Package) supports the information routing to
the GSM and public parts in the application layer.
VxWorks is the operation platform communication to the hardware
components.
82
4.3 Signal Flow

4.3.1 System Service Signal Flow
Figure 43 shows the service data flow.
FIGURE 43 SERVICE DATA FLOW
Downlink direction: The service data from BSC/RNC enters

BBU through CC or SA. Abis/Iub interface IP protocol termination and NAT conversion are implemented at CC. The data
is then converted to internal IP datagram and transmitted to
baseband board (UBPG/BPC) through the Gigabit Ethernet
(GE). The baseband board performs modulation, multiplexing,
and rate adaptation for the internal IP datagram, and transmits it to the IQ switching unit of FS. Then, on the IQ switching
unit of FS, de-multiplexing, interleaving, frame forming, and
parallel-serial conversion are implemented. Finally, the internal IP datagram is distributed to RU through the baseband-RF
interface (optical interface).
Note:
If Abis/Iub interface adopts E1/T1 interface, then signal transferring and protection are implemented through the SA board.
If Abis/Iub interface adopts GE interface, then connect with the
CC board directly.
Uplink direction: The IQ switching unit of FS receives baseband signals from RU, performs de-multiplexing for them, and
then transmits them to baseband board through high-speed
serial signals. The baseband board then performs demodulation for them to get the original service signals. These signals
are packaged into Ethernet frames, transmitted to the switching center through GE, and processed according to Abis/Iub
interface transmission protocols on the CC board. Finally, they
are transmitted to BSC/RNC through E1/T1/GE.
83
4.3.2 System Control Signal Flow

The CC board implements the main control function. The control
signal is distributed to all other boards through CC board. Figure
44 shows the control signal flow.
FIGURE 44 CONTROL SIGNAL FLOW
4.3.3 System Clock Signal Flow

The system clock is distributed to all other boards through CC
board, and is distributed to RU through the optical interface. Figure
45 shows the clock distribution.
FIGURE 45 CLOCK DISTRIBUTION
In Figure 45, the clock reference of CC board is from GPS network.

The clock reference of CC board can be: GPS output clock reference, Abis/Iub E1/T1 synchronous upper-level clock, or the input
BITS reference clock of CC's front panel. Select different clock
sources according to specific application scenarios.
4.4 Interface and Protocol

System protocol interfaces are shown in Figure 46
84
FIGURE 46 SYSTEM PROTOCOL INTERFACES
Table 39 describes these interfaces.

TABLE 39 INTERFACE DESCRIPTIONS
Interface
Position
Function
Abis
Between BTS and

BSC
Communicating with BSC
Um
Between MS and
BTS
Air interface
Baseband-RF
interface
Between baseband
unit and radio unit
Connecting baseband unit and

radio unit
Iub
Between Node B
and RNC
Communicating with RNC
Uu
Between UE and
Node B
Air interface
4.4.1 Abis interface

Abis interface is between BTS and BSC.
Interface
Functions
Interface
Realization
Abis interface supports all services provided to users, and supports

signaling transmitting and connection function. It especially supports radio resource management including BTS radio equipment
control and allocation.
Abis interface supports the following physical interfaces:
Gigabit Ethernet (GE) interface

Abis interface supports GE optical interface or GE RJ45 interface. In this case, BTS and BSC are connected through optical
85
fiber or Ethernet cable. The network port of BTS and BSC is GE

interface with 1000 MHz bandwidth, and it self-adapts various
rates of 10 Mbps/100 Mbps/1000 Mbps.
E1/T1 interface
When Abis interface adopts E1/T1 interface, BTS and BSC are
connected through a single E1 cable of 2.048 MHz bandwidth
or a single T1 coaxial cable of 1.544 MHz bandwidth.
Protocol Hierarchy
The following introduces user plane protocols and control plane

protocols respectively.
Control plane protocol

i.
Under the Ethernet transmission mode, the control plane

protocol stack of Abis interface is shown in Figure 47.
FIGURE 47 CONTROL PLANE PROTOCOL STACK OF ABIS INTERFACE
ETHERNET
When Abis interface adopts Ethernet cable, the control

plane message is carried by SCTP protocol and encapsulated into IP message. The data link layer adopts standard
Ethernet MAC frame.
ii. Under the E1 transmission mode, the control plane protocol
stack of Abis interface is shown in Figure 48.
FIGURE 48 CONTROL PLANE PROTOCOL STACK OF ABIS INTERFACE
E1
When Abis interface adopts E1 cable, the control plane

message is carried by SCTP protocol and encapsulated into
IP message. The data link layer adopts Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP), and the IP message is carried by Internet Protocol Control Protocol (IPCP) of PPP family. Multiple E1s can
be combined to form the Multilink-PPP group to increase
the bandwidth. The bottom layer adopts High Level Data
Link Control (HDLC) to form the frame, converts the byte
stream to bit stream and transmits it on physical media.
86
User plane protocol
i.
Under the Ethernet transmission mode, the user plane protocol stack of Abis interface is shown in Figure 49.
FIGURE 49 USER PLANE PROTOCOL STACK OF ABIS INTERFACE
ETHERNET
The user plane message is carried by RTP protocol and encapsulated into standard IP message. The data link layer
adopts standard Ethernet MAC frame.
ii. Under the E1/T1 transmission mode, the user plane protocol stack of Abis interface is shown in Figure 50.
FIGURE 50 USER PLANE PROTOCOL STACK OF ABIS INTERFACE E1
The user plane message is carried by RTP protocol and encapsulated into IP message. The data link layer adopts PPP,
and the IP message is carried by IPCP of PPP family. Multiple E1s can be combined to form the Multilink-PPP group
to increase the bandwidth. The bottom layer adopts HDLC
to form the frame, converts the byte stream to bit stream
and transmits it on physical media.
4.4.2 Um Interface
Um interface is between BTS and MS.
Interface
Functions
In PLMN, MS connects fixed part of the network through a radio

channel to enable subscribers to access communication services.
To interconnect MS and BTS, a series of standards are set up for
signal transmission over the radio channel, which is the Um interface.
Protocol Hierarchy
Um interface is designed with a hierarchical model. Figure 51

shows the hierarchical model of circuit service protocols.
87
FIGURE 51 CIRCUIT SERVICE PROTOCOL HIERARCHY OF UM INTERFACE
On Um interface, circuit service protocols fall into the following

three layers:
1. Layer1 (bottom) is the physical layer. It consists of various
channels and provides the basic radio channels for upper-level
message transmission.
2. Layer2 (middle) is the data link layer. It adopts Link Access
Protocol on Dm Channel (LAPDm). It comprises various data
transmission structures and controls data transmission.
3. Layer3 (top) is the highest layer. It comprises various messages and programs and provides service control. Layer 3 consists of the following three sub-layers:
Radio-Resource management (RR)
Mobility Management (MM)
Connection Management (CM)
Figure 52 shows the hierarchical model of packet service protocols,

which is implemented at BSC side.
FIGURE 52 PACKET SERVICE PROTOCOL STACK HIERARCHY OF UM
INTERFACE
88
Relevant protocols
of Um interface
Interface
Realization
GSM 04.03: It describes the channel structure and access capability of Um interface.
GSM 04.04: It specifies the physical layer structure of Um interface.
GSM 04.05: It specifies the data link layer protocol of Um interface.
GSM 04.08: It specifies the layer-3 protocol of Um interface.
The air interface Um is realized through antenna feeder subsystem

of the base station, including feeders and antennas.
4.4.3 Iub Interface

Iub interface is between Node B and RNC.
Interface
Functions
Interface
Realization
Iub interface performs the following functions:
Transmission resource management
Maintenance management
O&M transmission
System information management
Common channel resource management
Dedicated channel resource management
Downlink shared channel resource management
Timing and synchronization management
Iub interface supports the following physical interfaces:
Gigabit Ethernet (GE) interface

Iub interface supports GE optical interface or GE RJ45 interface. In this case, Node B and RNC are connected through optical fiber or Ethernet cable. The network port of Node B and RNC
is GE interface with 1000 MHz bandwidth, and it self-adapts
various rates of 10 Mbps/100 Mbps/1000 Mbps.
E1/T1 interface
When Iub interface adopts E1/T1 interface, Node B and RNC
are connected through a single E1 cable of 2.048 MHz bandwidth or a single T1 coaxial cable of 1.544 MHz bandwidth.
Protocol Hierarchy
The following introduces user plane protocols and control plane

protocols respectively.
Control plane protocol

i.
Under the Ethernet transmission mode, the control plane

protocol stack of Iub interface is shown in Figure 53.
89
FIGURE 53 CONTROL PLANE PROTOCOL STACK OF IUB INTERFACE

ETHERNET
When Iub interface adopts Ethernet cable, the NBAP signaling is carried by SCTP protocol and encapsulated into
IP message. The data link layer adopts standard Ethernet
MAC frame.
ii. Under the E1 transmission mode, the control plane protocol
stack of Iub interface is shown in Figure 54.
FIGURE 54 CONTROL PLANE PROTOCOL STACK OF IUB INTERFACE
E1
When Iub interface adopts E1 cable, the NBAP signaling

is carried by SCTP protocol and encapsulated into IP message. The data link layer adopts PPP, and the IP message is
carried by IPCP of PPP family. Multiple E1s can be combined
to form the Multilink-PPP group to increase the bandwidth.
The bottom layer adopts HDLC to form the frame, converts
the byte stream to bit stream and transmits it on physical
media.
User plane protocol

i.
Under the Ethernet transmission mode, the user plane protocol stack of Iub interface is shown in Figure 55.
FIGURE 55 USER PLANE PROTOCOL STACK OF IUB INTERFACE
ETHERNET
90
The user plane FP frame is carried by UDP protocol and

encapsulated into standard IP message. The data link layer
adopts standard Ethernet MAC frame.
ii. Under the E1/T1 transmission mode, the user plane protocol stack of Iub interface is shown in Figure 56.
FIGURE 56 USER PLANE PROTOCOL STACK OF IUB INTERFACE E1
The user plane FP frame is carried by UDP protocol and

encapsulated into standard IP message. The data link layer
adopts PPP, and the IP message is carried by IPCP of PPP
family. Multiple E1s can be combined to form the MultilinkPPP group to increase the bandwidth. The bottom layer
adopts HDLC to form the frame, converts the byte stream
to bit stream and transmits it on physical media.
4.4.4 Uu interface
Uu interface is air interface. The information exchange at Uu interface is implemented through the antenna feeder subsystem of
Node B, including feeders and antennas.
The System performs the following functions at Uu interface.
Broadcasting, paging, and establishing radio connection with

UE.
Handover decision and execution, power control decision and

execution.
Radio resource management and control.
91
This page is intentionally blank.
92
Chapter 5 SDR Configuration(BS8

800 as Example)
>> SDR configuration principles
>> SDR typical configurations
5.1 Configuration Principles

The following describes the integrated equipment configuration,
baseband layer configuration, and RF layer configuration.
Integrated
Equipment
Configuration
Table 40 describes configurations of subracks and functional layers.

TABLE 40 INTEGRATED EQUIPMENT CONFIGURATION
Cabinet
Primary
cabinet
Secondary
cabinet
Layer/Subrack
Amount
Baseband
layer
1, 2
At most two baseband layers can

be configured.
RF layer
At most one RF layer can be

configured.
Power distribution
subrack
Mandatory
Fan
subrack
Mandatory
Ventilation
subrack
Mandatory
RF layer
Power distribution
subrack
The secondary cabinet is

optional. It is configured when
the number of GSM carriers at a
single site exceeds 36.
Configuration Description
93
Baseband Layer
Configuration
Table 41 describes the baseband layer configuration.

TABLE 41 BASEBAND LAYER CONFIGURATION
Amount
Board/Module
CC
1, 2
FS
1, 2
At least one FS should be

configured.
UBPG
1~5
BPC
1~5
RF Layer
Configuration
At least one CC should be

configured.
If active/standby function is
required, two CCs should be
configured.
In GSM mode, the UBPG

board is configured, while in
UMTS mode, the BPC board is
configured.
At most 5 UBPG+BPC can be
configured.
A single UBPG board can
process 12 TRXs.
A single BPC board supports 3
CS, and provides a processing
capability of uplink 128 CE and
downlink 128 CE.
SA
Mandatory
PM
1, 2
At least one PM should be

configured.
FA
Mandatory
Table 42 describes the RF layer configuration.

TABLE 42 RF LAYER CONFIGURATION
Board
Amount
RSU60
1 ~ 6
In GSM mode, a single RU supports 6

TRXs at most.
In UMTS mode, a single RU supports
3 CS.
In GSM/UMTS dual mode, a single RU
supports GSM 4 TRX + UMTS 1 CS or
GSM 2 TRX + UMTS 2 CS.
5.2 GSM Single Mode

Configuration
In GSM single mode,RSU60 can be configured with 1 ~ 6 carriers
through software configuration.
The following lists board configurations of typical site types S6,
S12, S6/6/6, and S12/12/12.
94
Chapter 5 SDR Configuration(BS8800 as Example)
TABLE 43 BOARD CONFIGURATION OF S6 SITE IN GSM SINGLE MODE

Site Type
BBU
S6
Amount
Board
RU
Remark
CC
1, 2
For active/standby
configuration,
configure 2 CC
boards.
UBPG
FS
1, 2
For load-sharing
configuration,
configure 2 FS
boards.
RSU60
TABLE 44 BOARD CONFIGURATION OF S12 SITE IN GSM SINGLE MODE

Site Type
BBU
S12
Amount
Board
RU
Remark
CC
1, 2
For active/standby
configuration,
configure 2 CC
boards.
UBPG
FS
1, 2
For load-sharing
configuration,
configure 2 FS
boards.
RSU60
TABLE 45 BOARD CONFIGURATION OF S6/6/6 SITE IN GSM SINGLE MODE

Site Type
S6/6/6
Amount
Board
BBU
RU
Remark
CC
1, 2
For active/standby
configuration,
configure 2 CC
boards.
UBPG
FS
1, 2
For load-sharing
configuration,
configure 2 FS
boards.
RSU60
95
TABLE 46 BOARD CONFIGURATION OF S12/12/12 SITE IN GSM SINGLE

MODE
Site Type
S12/12/12
Amount
Board
BBU
RU
Remark
CC
1, 2
For active/standby
configuration,
configure 2 CC
boards.
UBPG
FS
1, 2
For load-sharing
configuration,
configure 2 FS
boards.
RSU60
5.3 UMTS Single Mode

Configuration
The following lists board configurations of typical site types 3C1S,
6C1S, 1C3S, and 4C3S.
TABLE 47 BOARD CONFIGURATION OF 3C1S SITE IN UMTS SINGLE MODE
Site Type
3C1S
Amount
Board
BBU
RU
Remark
CC
1, 2
For active/standby
configuration,
configure 2 CC
boards.
BPC
FS
1, 2
For load-sharing
configuration,
configure 2 FS
boards.
RSU60

Site Type
6C1S
96
Amount
Board
BBU
Remark
CC
1, 2
For active/standby
configuration,
configure 2 CC
boards.
BPC
FS
1, 2
For load-sharing
configuration,
Site Type
Amount
Board
RU
RSU60
Remark
configure 2 FS
boards.
-

Site Type
BBU
1C3S
Amount
Board
RU
Remark
CC
1, 2
For active/standby
configuration,
configure 2 CC
boards.
BPC
FS
1, 2
For load-sharing
configuration,
configure 2 FS
boards.
RSU60

Site Type
4C3S
Amount
Board
BBU
RU
Remark
CC
1, 2
For active/standby
configuration,
configure 2 CC
boards.
BPC
FS
1, 2
For load-sharing
configuration,
configure 2 FS
boards.
RSU60
5.4 GSM/UMTS Dual Mode

Configuration
The following lists board configurations of typical site types in
GSM/UMTS dual mode co-frequency networking.
97
TABLE 51 BOARD CONFIGURATION IN GSM/UMTS DUAL MODE

(GSM:S4+UMTS:S1 OR GSM:S2+UMTS:S2)
Site Type
GSM:S4+UMTS:S1
or
GSM:S2+UMTS:S2
Board
BBU
RU
Amount
Remark
CC
1, 2
For active/standby
configuration,
configure 2 CC
boards.
UBPG
BPC
FS
1, 2
For load-sharing
configuration,
configure 2 FS
boards.
RSU60

(GSM:S8+UMTS:S2)
Site Type
GSM:S8+UMTS:S2
Board
BBU
RU
Amount
Remark
CC
1, 2
For active/standby
configuration,
configure 2 CC
boards.
UBPG
BPC
FS
1, 2
For load-sharing
configuration,
configure 2 FS
boards.
RSU60

(GSM:S4+UMTS:S4)
Site Type
GSM:S4+UMTS:S4
98
Board
BBU
CC
Amount
1, 2
Remark
For active/standby
configuration,
configure 2 CC
boards.
Site Type
Board
RU
Amount
Remark
UBPG
BPC
FS
1, 2
For load-sharing
configuration,
configure 2 FS
boards.
RSU60

(GSM:S4/4/4+UMTS:S1/1/1)
Site Type
GSM:S4/4/4+
UMTS:S1/1/1
Board
BBU
RU
Amount
Remark
CC
1, 2
For active/standby
configuration,
configure 2 CC
boards.
UBPG
BPC
FS
1, 2
For load-sharing
configuration,
configure 2 FS
boards.
RSU60

(GSM:S2/2/2+UMTS:S2/2/2)
Site Type
GSM:S2/2/2+
UMTS:S2/2/2
Board
BBU
RU
Amount
Remark
CC
1, 2
For active/standby
configuration,
configure 2 CC
boards.
UBPG
BPC
FS
1, 2
For load-sharing
configuration,
configure 2 FS
boards.
RSU60
99

(GSM:S6/6/6+UMTS:S3/3/3)
Site Type
GSM:S6/6/6+
UMTS:S3/3/3
Board
BBU
RU
Amount
Remark
CC
1, 2
For active/standby
configuration,
configure 2 CC
boards.
UBPG
BPC
FS
1, 2
For load-sharing
configuration,
configure 2 FS
boards.
RSU60

(GSM:S8/8/8+UMTS:S2/2/2)
Site Type
GSM:S8/8/8+
UMTS:S2/2/2
Board
BBU
RU
Amount
Remark
CC
1, 2
For active/standby
configuration,
configure 2 CC
boards.
UBPG
BPC
FS
1, 2
For load-sharing
configuration,
configure 2 FS
boards.
RSU60
5.5 Typical Configurations

This section takes RSU60 for example to explain the system site
configurations.
100
Typical
Configurations
in GSM Mode
1. S6type site configuration

Figure 57 shows the S6-type site configuration.
FIGURE 57 S6-TYPE SITE CONFIGURATION
This configuration also supports site types S1, S2, S3, S4, and
S5.
2. S12type site configuration
Figure 58 shows the S12-type site configuration.
FIGURE 58 S12-TYPE SITE CONFIGURATION
This configuration also supports site types S7, S8, S9, S10,
and S11.
3. S6/6/6type site configuration
Figure 59 shows the S6/6/6-type site configuration.
101
FIGURE 59 S6/6/6-TYPE SITE CONFIGURATION
This configuration also supports site types S1/1/1, S2/2/2,

S3/3/3, S4/4/4, and S5/5/5.
4. S12/12/12type site configuration
Figure 60 shows the S12/12/12-type site configuration.
FIGURE 60 S12/12/12-TYPE SITE CONFIGURATION
This configuration also supports site types S7/7/7, S8/8/8,

S9/9/9, S10/10/10, and S11/11/11.
102
Typical
Configurations
in UMTS Mode
1. 3C1S-type site configuration

Figure 61 shows the 3C1S-type site configuration.
FIGURE 61 3C1S-TYPE SITE CONFIGURATION


103

Typical
Configurations in
GSM/UMTS Dual
Mode
104
1. Single-sector GSM:S4+UMTS:S1 or GSM:S2+UMTS:S2 site

configuration
Figure 65 shows the configuration of single-sector
GSM:S4+UMTS:S1 site or GSM:S2+UMTS:S2 site.
FIGURE 65 CONFIGURATION OF SINGLE-SECTOR GSM:S4+UMTS:S1

SITE OR GSM:S2+UMTS:S2 SITE
2. Single-sector GSM:S8+UMTS:S2 or GSM:S4+UMTS:S4 site

configuration
Figure 66 shows the configuration of single-sector
GSM:S8+UMTS:S2 site or GSM:S4+UMTS:S4 site.
FIGURE 66 CONFIGURATION OF SINGLE-SECTOR GSM:S8+UMTS:S2
SITE OR GSM:S4+UMTS:S4 SITE
3. Three-sector GSM:S4/4/4+UMTS:S1/1/1 or GSM:S2/2/2+UMTS:S2/2/2 site configuration

Figure 67 shows the configuration of three-sector GSM:S4/4/
4+UMTS:S1/1/1 site or GSM:S2/2/2+UMTS:S2/2/2 site.
105
FIGURE 67 CONFIGURATION OF THREE-SECTOR GSM:S4/4/4+UMTS:S1/1/1 SITE OR

GSM:S2/2/2+UMTS:S2/2/2 SITE
4. Three-sector GSM:S6/6/6+UMTS:S3/3/3 or GSM:S8/8/8+UMTS:S2/2/2 site configuration

Figure 68 shows the configuration of three-sector GSM:S6/6/
6+UMTS:S3/3/3 site or GSM:S8/8/8+UMTS:S2/2/2 site.
FIGURE 68 CONFIGURATION OF THREE-SECTOR GSM:S6/6/6+UMTS:S3/3/3 SITE OR
GSM:S8/8/8+UMTS:S2/2/2 SITE
106
Chapter 6 SDR Operation and

Maintenance
>> Maintenance Overview
>> Maintenance Functions
6.1 Maintenance Overview

The maintenance of GERAN involves remote maintenance and local
maintenance. Figure 69 shows the maintenance system networking of SDR.
FIGURE 69 GERAN MAINTENANCE NETWORKING
Remote maintenance(Remote Client)

In remote maintenance, NetNumen M31, the general radio
Network Element (NE) management system, is connected with
OMM of BSC/RNC, and then connected with the base station
through Abis interface or Iub interface to implement operation
and maintenance.
Local maintenance(LMT)
In local maintenance, PC is directly connected with the base
station through Ethernet cable to implement operation and
maintenance.
107
6.2 Maintenance Functions

In NetNumen M31, the O&M interface of remote maintenance system is in the form of topological graphics. Information of each NE
in the network can be viewed on the interface. Users can select
the NE to be maintained and check its performance data, alarm
information, and configuration data. Users can also perform maintenance for a certain type of NEs through the topological graphics
interface.
The maintenance system performs the functions is shown in Figure
70.
FIGURE 70 EMS FUNCTIONS
Configuration management
In configuration management, physical/radio resource data
can be added, queried, deleted, and modified for the base
station. It also performs data consistency check, and supports
dynamic data configuration and static data configuration.
Security management
It guarantees that only authorized users can perform relevant
command group operations.
Performance management
It implements performance analysis, call tracing, and signaling
tracing.
Version management
With version management, users can view hardware/software
versions running at the foreground. The background provides
a software downloading system for software upgrade at the
foreground.
108
Fault management
Chapter 6 SDR Operation and Maintenance
Fault management includes alarm management and diagnosis

and test. It performs centralized monitoring of running status of the base station and collects abnormal information of
boards and links in real time. These functions make it convenient for operation and maintenance personnel to perform
analysis, make decision, and implement maintenance and repair.
109

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ZXSDR BTS

Structure and Principle

Publishing Date (MONTH/DATE/YEAR) : 20091111

SDR BTS Structure and Principle .................................. 1

2 Different Types of SDR BTS ....................................... 7

3 SDR Boards ............................................................. 57

4 SDR Principles ......................................................... 81

5 SDR Configuration(BS8800 as Example) ................. 93

6 SDR Operation and Maintenance ............................107

SDR BTS Structure and

Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

ZXSDR BTS Structure and Principle

Chapter 1 SDR Overview

1.1 SDR Definition

Various technologies providing an efficient and comparatively

Definition: Sum of hardware and software technologies in

GSM/WCDMA dual mode macro base station.

BBU+RRU distributed structure.

GSM/WCDMA with same frequency have same radio unit, but

1.2 SDR in ZTE IP RAN

Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

Chapter 1 SDR Overview

FIGURE 1 SDR POSITION IN ZTE IP RAN

SDR functions as the base station (BTS/Node B), forming the

1.3 SDR Functions

Table 1 lists the services.

Providing three kinds of positioning method:

Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

ZXSDR BTS Structure and Principle

Supporting a maximum data rate of 14.4 Mbps

Supporting a maximum data rate of 5.76 Mbps

Supporting broadcast and multicast functions,

Supporting downlink data rate of 43.2 Mbps

Channel coding and decoding

Channel multiplexing and de-multiplexing

Measurement and reporting

Reporting BTS measurement information

Broadcasting system messages

Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

Chapter 1 SDR Overview

Radio resource management

With operating and maintenance interface, it performs system

Status checking and monitoring

Discontinuous Transmission (DTX)

Transmission diversity and receiving diversity

IRC switch control

Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

ZXSDR BTS Structure and Principle

IP function is supported at Abis interface.

GPS all-network synchronization

Carrier license control

Viterbi decoding algorithm

Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

Chapter 2 Different Types of SDR

2.1 BS8700 Introduction

Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

ZXSDR BTS Structure and Principle

2.1.2 Highlight Feature

Series RRUs, suitable for multi indoor and outdoor coverage

RRU - Compact Design, Light, Easy Installation

RRU Installed Near Antenna, Saving Feeder Loss, Enhancing

Shared Base-band Resources, Dynamic Traffic Adjustment

Various Interfaces, Flexible Networking