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Abstract
The global economic turmoil of last year had cascading effect on employment and GDP growth. During 2011, growth in IT
spending was moderate as global macro-economic unceratinty forced clients to exercise extra caution while spending their IT
budgets. Also, cross currency effect had a significant impact on US dollar revenues of global major players.
Key Issues
- What is the size of the global IT industry?
- What is the worldwide spending pattern on IT and related business services?
- What will be the impact of currency volatility on the industry?
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Global IT Industry
Overview
According to NASSCOM, the worldwide information technology industry, comprising hardware, software, information technology (IT)
services and BPO, is estimated to have clocked aggregate revenues of $1,800 billion in 2012, an increase of 5.0 per cent over the
previous year. IT + ITeS account for a major chunk of IT revenues close to 45 per cent, followed by hardware and software, which
contribute around 38 per cent and 18 per cent, respectively.
Source: NASSCOM
In the next 3-4 years, total spending on IT is expected to grow at a CAGR of 5.5 per cent globally. At 8.2 per cent, IT-ITeS spend is
likely to grow faster as compared to other segments.
In the US, spending on equipment and software increased from $1,028.4 billion in the first quarter of 2011 to $1,122 billion in the
fourth quarter of 2011. At $1,140.8 billion, it grew by 1.7 per cent in the first quarter of 2012 over the fourth quarter of 2011. The
growth has been flat in the last two two-three quarters, reflecting a modest spending on equipment and software.
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Hardware
Overview
According to NASSCOM estimates, hardware spending is expected to cross $767 billion in 2014, from $599 billion in 2010,
registering a CAGR of 6.4 per cent.
Source: NASSCOM
In 2012, North America and Asia Pacific are expected to account for 30 and 31 per cent, respectively, of the hardware market;
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Source: IDC
Key trends
Recovery in revenues
In 2011-12, revenues in the hardware segment grew by 16 percent. Revenues across key hardware players grew positively. Apple
posted a staggering 66 per cent y-o-y growth. Among all hardware companies represented in the table below, Seagate and
Lexmark were the only players to register a decline (-3.7 per cent and -0.6 per cent respectively) in revenues during the year.
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Moving ahead
As realisations fall, cost reductions become imperative
Given the commoditised nature of the hardware industry, competitive pricing pressures are expected to continue over the medium
term. To maintain/improve margins, firms will have to sharpen their focus on reducing their manufacturing costs, warranty costs,
structural or design costs and overhead or operating expenses. Firms will also have to undertake productivity and efficiency
initiatives to improve utilisation rates of their existing workforce.
Source: NASSCOM
According to NASSCOM, spending on packaged software is expected to reach $362 billion in 2014 from $272 billion in 2009,
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registering a CAGR of 5.8 per cent (2009-2014). However, in 2012 the growth is estimated to slow down due to macroeconomic
weakness.
Key Trends
Marginal rise in revenues of major players
As compared to 2010-11, revenues of all major software players in 2011-12 exhibited an increase of 5-12 per cent, excepting SAP,
which posted a robust growth of 59 per cent.
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In light of the long product development and testing cycles in the software product sector, CRISIL Research believes that significant
revenues from new product and service investments is unlikely to be achieved for the next several years. As delays in releasing new
products adversely affect revenues, software companies should adhere to product development timelines.
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Going ahead
With rising threat of unauthorised access, security software demand set to increase
As concerns of electronic attacks from viruses and unauthorised access to systems increase, we believe that demand for security
software is likely to go up. Security investments will be considered strategic as opposed to discretionary in those organisations
where customer confidence rests on data and infrastructure security.
Source: NASSCOM
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Key trends
Topline growth increased for most of the players
In 2011-12, the topline of major players increased on an average of 10-15 per cent due to increase in volumes across geographies.
Pricing pressures continued as clients either invested cautiously or postponed their IT investments. While there was strong demand
for business process offshoring, project and consulting segments remained lacklustre for most part of the year. Again, the fluctuation
of US dollar against the major global currencies has also affected revenues.
Going ahead
As offshoring increases, topline will continue to be under pressure
Revenues of global IT service majors will continue to be under pressure over the medium term as offshore activity is expected to
rise. In order to improve billing rates, firms need to increase revenues from higher-end service lines such as package
implementation, consulting and systems integration. To preserve margins, firms will have to maintain workforce at optimal levels and
improve utilisation rates, besides controlling the SG&A expenses.
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