at focus on protecting the communication of vehicles withAfter thgives an optimi
s of E-safety Ve(EVITA), a project co-funded by
communication. Moreover, the SHE does not provide all the 2) EVITA Project: The objectives of E-safety Vehicle Intrusionmmunication. Moreo ver, the SHE does not provide all the security features. For those and others reasons, many solutions available today on the market do not make use of this module. at focus on protecting the communication of vehicles withAfter thgives an optimi s of E-safety Ve(EVITA), a project co-funded by ed to Car to Car (C2C) cotion. Moreover, the SHE does not provide all the security features. For those and others reasons, many solutions available today on the market do not make use of this module. SHE gives an optimized solution limited to Car to Car (C2C) communication. Moreover, the SHE does not provide all the security features. For those and others reasons, many solutions available today on the market do not make use of this module. 2) EVITA Project: The objectives of E-safety Vehicle Intrusion is, HIS group developed a hardware module calledapplication ensure different sec security features. For those and others reasons, many solutions available today on the market do not make use of this module. 2) EVITA Project: The objectives of E-safety Vehicle Intrusion is, HIS group developed a hardware module called Secure Hardware Extension (SHE), that together with a software application ensure different security aspects. The SHE was the ?rst attempt to create a standard solution to solve the security problem in the automotive environment, however the SHE gives an optimized solution limited to Car to Car (C2C) communication. Moreover, the SHE does not provide all the security features. For those and others reasons, many solutions available today on the market do not make use of this module. 2) EVITA Project: The objectives of E-safety Vehicle Intrusion is, HIS group developed a hardware module calledapplication ensure different sec security features. For those and others reasons, many solutions available today on the market do not make use of this module. 2) EVITA Project: The objectives of E-safety Vehicle Intrusion is, HIS group developed a hardware module called Secure Hardware Extension (SHE), that together with a software application ensure different security aspects. The SHE was the ?rst attempt to create a standard solution to solve the security problem in the automotive environment, however the 2) EVITA Project: The objectives of E-safety Vehicle Intrusion proTected Application (EVITA), a project co-funded by the European Commission, are to design, to verify, and to prototype After this, HIS group developed a hardware module called Secure Hardware Extension (SHE), that together with a software application ensure different security aspects. The SHE was the ?rst attempt to create a standard solution to solve the security problem in the automotive environment, however the from the vision depth and inertial sensors act in a complementary manner leading to a more robust recognition outcome compared with the situations when each sensor is used individually on its own. The obtained recognition rates for the single hand gestures in the Microsoft MSR data set indicate that our fusion approach provides improved recognition in real-time and under realistic conditions.
the outside. Based on the security requirements and the
automotive constraints, they designed a secure on-board architecture, which includes a Hardware Secure Module (HSM), and secure on-board communications protocols. The security functions are partitioned between software and hardware. The root of trust is placed in the HSM that should be realised as extension of automotive microcontrollers. As a result of the EVITA analysis, in table II, is shown which algorithms have to be implemented through the HSM for different levels of security, compared with the SHE features. The AES cipher is almost identical to the block cipher Rijndael [5]. The Rijndael block and key size vary between 128, 192 and 256 bits. However, the AES standard only calls for a block size of 128 bits. Hence, only Rijndael with block length of 128 bits is known as the AES algorithm. AES consists of so-called layers. Each layer manipulates all 128 bits of the data path. The data path is also referred as the state of the al gorithm. There are only three different types of layers. Each round, with the exception of the ?rst, consists of all three layers as shown in ?gure 1: the plaintedenoted as x, the c ipher text as y and the number of rounds as n r , which are 10 for AES-128. Moreover, the last round n does not make use of the MixColumn transformation, which makes the encryption and decryption scheme symmetric. Each transformation is brie?y described below. Key Addition layer: A 128-bit round key, or sub kewhich has been derived from t he main key in the keschedule, is XORed to the state. Byte Substitution layer: Each element of the state non-linearly transformed usi ng lookup tables with special mathematical properties. This introduces confusion to the data, i.e., it assures that changes in individual state bits propagate quickly across the data path. ShiftRows layer: it permutes the data on a byte level. MixColumn layer: it is a matrix operation, which combines (mixes) blocks of four bytes. ShiftRows and MixColumn transformations perform diffusion principle over all state bits. For each round, Key Addition layer exploits a different sub