2 marks questions

1. Define strain energy density.

2. State Maxwells reciprocal theorem.
3. State Castiglianos theorem to find slope and deflection in a beam.
4. What is meant by strain energy stored in a structure?
5. Find the expression for the strain energy due to bending moment of a
simply
supported beam carrying a load W spread over its entire length uniformly.
6. What is the strain energy due to (a) axial stress and (b) bending moment?
7. What is strain energy stored by a member subjected to a tensile force?
8. Write the principle of virtual work equation for deflection due to bending.
9. State the principle of virtual work.
10. State the Maxwell reciprocal theorem.
11. Explain the Modulus of resilience of a material.
12. State the Castiglianos Theorem.
13. What is compound cylinder?
14. How is the failure of thick cylinder is different from that of a thin cylinder?
15. Distinguish between thin and thick cylinder.
16. Explain the Lames theory of thick cylinders.
17. What is meant by stress tensor?
18. State principal strain theory.
19. State Rankines Theory of failure.
20. What is principal plane, principal stress?
21. Write down the formula for the shear stress on the octahedron plane.
22. State Von Mises theory of failure.
23. State the principal stress theory. For what type of material this theory is
applicable.
24. UU and VV is a set of axes passing through the centroid G and inclined at
an angle (measured anticlockwise) to the x-y co-ordinate. Write expressions
for IUU and IVV in terms of Ixx, Iyy and Ixy.
25. What is shear centre?
26. What is stress invariant?
27. State any four theories of failure.
28. Explain the relationship between the plane of maximum shear with
principal
planes.
29. Explain the Vonmisers theory of failure.
30. Differentiate between spherical and deviatoric components of stress
tensor.
31. What is meant by volumetric strain?
32. State Winkler bach formula.(bending of curved beam)
33. What is principal moment of inertia?
34. What is unsymmetrical bending?
35 Define unsymmetrical bending.
36. Explain the term shear flow.
37. Define Fatigue.
38. What is meant by fatigue failure?

1. (I) State and explain Maxwells reciprocal theorem.

(ii) What is the criterion for distinguishing between a thick cylinder and thin
cylinder?
(iii) What do you mean by unsymmetrical bending? Explain.
(iv) Shear centre of a semicircular are of radius r is --------------------.
(v) The deflection of a ring under compression when a small cut is made at
the horizontal diameter shall---------------.
(Increase/decrease/remain same/becomes zero)
(vi) Give two examples of plain strain conditions.
(vii) How many types of resistance strain gauges are there?
(viii) What do you mean by rectangular rosette?
(ix) Differentiate between isoclinic and isochoromatic fingers in photo
elasticity.
(x) What is stress concentration factor? Explain.
1. (i) Distinguish between plane stress and plane strain conditions.
(ii) What is photo elastic coating? Give example.
(iii) Sketch a completely reversed stress cycle and a repeated stress
cycle.
(iv) Differentiate between a thin cylinder and a thick cylinder.
(v) What is notch sensitivity index?
(vi) How many elastic constant are there in the generalized Hookes law.
(vii) For a plane strain problem the components of the strain
Tensor are x=a(x2+y2), y=ay2 and Yxy=2 a*y
Where a is a constant. Does this represent a possible state of strain?
(viii) What is share centre?
(ix) State Maxwells reciprocal theorem.
(x) What will be the effect on the fatigue life of a component if a residual
compressive stress field is introduced?
1. (i)The components of the strain tensor are
x=a .z. (x2+y2), y= a.y2 .z, and y xy=2axyz
Where a is a constant? Does this represent a possible state of strain?
(ii) What is a photo elastic material? Give example.
(iii)Define theoretical stress concentration factor.
(iv)What is notch sensitivity index?
(v) How fatigue different from static loading?
(vi)For some non-ferrous materials there is no distinct endurance limit.
How is the endurance limit decided in such a case?
(vii)What are strain rosettes and how do they work.
(viii)Write generalized Hookes law in matrix from. What is stiffness
matrix?
(ix)State saint- Venants principle.
(h) State Bettis theorem
1.(a) Draw repeated and completely reversed stress cycles showing the
salient features.
(b)
Give an example of cross-section of a beam for which
unsymmetrical bending is impossible.
c. Define flexural axis.
(d) Curved beams are beams with small initial curvature or with large
initial curve, write the correct one.
(e) What are the difference between thick and thin cylinders?

(f) Give graphic representations of hoop stress and radial stress of a

thick cylinder subjected to internal pressure.
(g) Define the notch sensitivity factor.
(h) What is mean by a statically indeterminate beam?
(i) Write the name of different methods used for experimental stress
analysis.
1. (a) What do you mean by modulus of resilience?
(b) State and briefly explain the Maxwells theorem of reciprocal relations.
(c) Briefly explain unit load and unit couple method.
(d) What do you mean by compound cylinder and what is objective?
(e)What do you mean by principal axes and principal planes in
unsymmetrical bending?
(f) What do mean by shear centre and what is significance?
(g) Are the split ring and close ring under the action of concentrated load
along diametric axis, statically determinate compare briefly.
(h) What do you mean by strain Rosette? Explain briefly?
(i) What do you mean by fatigue failure of material? What is Endurance limit?
(j) What is stress optic law?