Class Rules and Complementary CFD Simulations

for Offshore Service Vessels (OSVs)

Helge Rathje, Thomas E. Schellin, and Jan Kaufmann
August 2009

Class Notation: Offshore Service Vessel - OSV

Statutory Rules: Resolutions, Guidelines, Codes, etc.

Design and Construction IMO A.469 (XII)

Transport of Hazardous Liquid Substances IMO A.673 (16)
Dynamic Positioning IMO MSC/Circ.645
Safe Practice for Carriage of Cargoes and Persons IMO A.863 (20)
Prevention of Collisions at Sea COLREGs (1972)

Practical Constraints

OSV Rules

Guard rails
Double bottom and stern tubes
Bridge visibility
Navigational lights

August 2009

No. 2

Additional Class Notations

OSV Rules

OSV

Offshore Service Vessel

HNLS

Carrying hazardous and noxious liquid substances

AH

Anchor handling

WS

Well stimulation

Fire Fighter

Fire fighting

Standby

Standby and rescue

Oil Recovery
______________

Oil recovery and transportation

_____________________________________________

SPS

Special Purpose Ship

August 2009

No. 3

Offshore Service Vessel - General

Hull Arrangement and
Strength

Cargo Handling Arrangement

Intact Stability
Subdivision and Damage
Stability

Superstructures and
Deckhouses

Windows and Side Scuttles

Equipment

OSV Rules

August 2009

No. 4

Hull Arrangement and Strength

Special requirements
for fenders, frames, shell plating, and side longitudinals

Cargo deck plating

minimum thickness of 8 mm
strengthened deck in areas of heavy cargo units (drilling rig anchors)
wooden sheathings should cover the deck

Stow racks, steel cradles, or steel or wooden dunnage

to uniformly distribute cargo weight in deck structures

Freeing ports
to ensure drainage of water trapped in pipe deck cargoes and in
recesses at aft end of forecastle

OSV Rules

August 2009

No. 5

Cargo Handling Arrangement

Special requirements
ships that occasionally handle, store, and transport recovered oil from a spill
ships intended for transportation of liquids with flash point below 60C
Cargo pumps
remote shut down devices
segregation between cargo piping systems by means of spectacle flanges,
spool pieces, etc.

Cargo tanks for dry cement or mud

to be separated from engine room and accommodation spaces by steel
bulkheads and decks

Tanks for hazardous and noxious liquid cargo

quantities of cargo are limited (800 m or 40% of ship deadweight)
separated from other spaces by cofferdams

OSV Rules

August 2009

No. 6

Intact Stability
Stability manual
to assess the ships stability in different service conditions

Loading conditions

ship fully loaded departure and arrival

ship in ballast departure and arrival
ship in worst anticipated operating condition
ship while towing

Assumptions for calculating loading conditions

cargo tanks are full as well as empty
account for deck cargo and water ballast
account for free surface effects of partially filled tanks

Stability requirements for towing

maximum righting lever > 50% of heeling lever caused by pull of towing line
account for effects of anti-rolling tanks

OSV Rules

August 2009

No. 7

Subdivision and Damage Stability

Damage stability manual
limiting VCG and GM values
permissible range of static stability of operation

Assumptions for calculating loading conditions

damage anywhere along the ships length between transverse watertight bulkheads
vertical and transverse extent of damage
account for progressive flooding caused by tunnels, ducts, pipes, etc.
account for permeability of damaged compartments

Damage stability criteria

account sinkage, trim, and heel caused by progressive flooding through openings
heel angle from asymmetric flooding < 15 or 17 if the deck does not immerge
stability must be sufficient during intermediate and final stages of flooding

OSV Rules

August 2009

No. 8

Windows and Side Scuttles

Windows
2nd tier and higher above freeboard deck
in aft deck end bulkhead and in deckhouse
sides
3rd tier and higher above freeboard deck in
forward bulkheads of deckhouse
Deadlights and storm covers on windows
at deckhouse sides in 2nd and 3rd tier and
at aft end bulkheads
wooden sheathings should cover the deck
on windows in wheelhouse front

Arrangement of windows and side scuttles

Side scuttles
to comply with ISO Standard 1751

OSV Rules

August 2009

No. 9

Equipment
Towing arrangement
to satisfy requirements for anchor handling tug/supply vessels

Steering gear
capable of changing rudder angle from 35 to 30 on the opposite side in 28 s

Exhaust outlets
to be located as high as practical above deck
to be fitted with spark arresters

Anchoring equipment
increase diameter and length of chain cables above minimum class requirements

Chain locker
arranged as gas-safe spaces
hull penetrations for chain cables to be arranged outside gas-dangerous spaces

OSV Rules

August 2009

No. 10

HNLS Vessel for Carrying Hazardous and Noxious Substances

Products that may be carried
hazardous and noxious liquids listed in table of permitted cargoes for chemical ships
noxious liquids that would be permitted for carriage on chemical ships (flash point < 60C)

Cargo area
includes cargo tanks, cargo pump rooms, hold spaces, cofferdams, ballast or void spaces
surrounding integral tanks, and deck areas

Cargo segregation
by means of a cofferdam, void space, cargo pump room, empty tank, or fuel oil tank
separate pumping and piping systems, separate venting system
cargo not to be carried in fore or aft peak tanks

Cargo tanks
to be constructed according to rules for gas ships or chemical ships
to have vapor detection and alarm systems, gaging and level detection systems, emergency
shutdown systems, decontamination showers, and protective safety equipment

Accommodations, machinery spaces, and control stations

not to be located within the cargo area
entrances, air inlets, openings, service and machinery spaces should not face the cargo area

OSV Rules

August 2009

No. 11

AH Anchor Handler
Structural configuration

clear deck
winches to deploy and recover anchors
stern roller
chain lockers under the main winch
shark jaws, towing pins, heavy duty bollards
reinforced shell plating

Working deck
deck area protected by wooden sheathing

Equipment foundations
to be reinforced for deck equipment, such as winches and stern rollers

OSV Rules

August 2009

No. 12

WS Well Stimulation Vessel

Arrangement
tanks and pumps not to be located within accommodation areas
tanks for acid and liquid nitrogen to be located at least 760 mm from ships sides and
bottom
tanks and piping systems for well stimulation to be separated from machinery
acid spill protection is to be provided
emergency shutdown systems

Ventilation
independent ventilation systems for spaces housing installations for acid
enclosed spaces containing tanks, piping, pumps, etc. to have entrances from open
deck through air locks with independent mechanical ventilation

Liquid nitrogen system, acid system

in accordance with special requirements

Personal protection
decontamination showers
personal protective equipment

OSV Rules

August 2009

No. 13

Fire Fighter
Service notation
category 1 for early stage fire fighting and rescue
category 2 for continuous fire fighting of large fires from a safe distance
category 3 larger water pumping capacity and more comprehensive fire fighting
equipment

Maneuverability
side thrusters and sufficiently powerful propulsion for fire fighting operations
power management system to avoid overloads

Protection against external heat radiation

water spraying system
hull and superstructure to be constructed of steel

Water and foam monitors

number and characteristics to be in accordance with service notation

OSV Rules

August 2009

No. 14

Standby Vessel
Rescue zone

clearly marked rescue zone of at least 8 m length on each side

ships sides to be clear of obstructions (no fenders)
satisfactory lighting along rescue zone
deck area free of pipes valves, hatches, etc.
searchlights on each side of the ship
power assisted scrambling net on each side of the ship

Survivors accommodation
treatment room for casualties

Safety equipment

OSV Rules

at least 1 fast rescue craft

SOLAS approved life buoys
immersion suit for each crew member
lifejackets for crew and survivors

August 2009

No. 15

Oil Recovery Vessel

Arrangement

suitable working deck

storage tanks for recovered oil
adequate visibility from maneuvering station
pumping and piping for transfer and discharge of recovered oil

Fire protection
exterior boundaries of superstructures to be insulated to A-60 standard
insulation to A-0 standard is acceptable if water spray system is installed

Tanks
cofferdams separate tanks for recovered oil from accommodations and engine room

Hazardous areas
zone 0 interior spaces
zone 1 cargo pump room, enclosed spaces with flanges and/or valves, etc.
zone 2 cofferdams and spaces adjacent to tanks for recovered oil

OSV Rules

August 2009

No. 16

Complementary Computations
1. OSV in head seas

Design pressures on bow and superstructure

Regular waves:
6.5 m height
7.5 s period
Twin propellers, 500 kN thrust each

2. OSV in following seas

OSV Rules

Dynamic stability - capsizing

Natural seaway:
4.0 m sig. wave height
7.5 s mean period
Zero speed running of an anchor
Port side of stern rail - open

August 2009

No. 17

RANS Solver COMET

OSV Rules

Principal particulars of OSV

Nonlinear RANSE computations

Finite amplitude (high) waves

Length bet. pp

100 m

Finite volume method

Molded breadth

22 m

Interface-capturing technique

Draft

6.5 m

Volume of fluid (VOF) method

Displacement

11 000 t

3D effects, no explicit free surface

Two-phase flow formulation, free surface flows
Overturning (breaking) waves

Numerical grid on surface of OSV

Flow separation, vortex formation

Air trapping
Disturbed waves
Viscous effects
Fully geometric modeling of body

August 2009

No. 18

Wave-Induced Loads on Bow of OSV

Pressure [kPa] at bow

Max. computed pressure = 118 kPa

Rule design pressure
= 105 kPa
OSV in head seas

Pressure distribution

OSV Rules

August 2009

No. 19

Capsizing of OSV

Zero forward speed

Following waves, H = 4.0 m
6 DoF motions
Grid morphing technique

Computed pitch

OSV Rules

Computed roll

August 2009

Computed yaw

No. 20

Mesh Deformation
Grid morphing technique mesh adoption to rigid body motions,
enabling computation of large rotational motions

OSV Rules

August 2009

No. 21

Capsizing of OSV in Following Waves

Elapsed time = 200 s

Elapsed time = 600 s

Elapsed time = 800 s

Elapsed time = 900 s

Series of screen shots

Elapsed time = 700 s

OSV Rules

August 2009

No. 22

OSV Rules

August 2009

No. 23

Thank you for your attention

OSV Rules

August 2009

No. 24