ESPOCH. Aguirre, Alex., Cuvi, Mayra., Naranjo, Adriana., Ricaurte, Alex.

DC-DC Converters Simulation

DC-DC Converters Simulation in Proteus

Aguirre, Alex., Cuvi, Mayra., Naranjo, Adriana., Ricaurte, Alex.
{alexf_ap93, mayra.cuvi, adri54, alexfer18}@hotmail.es
Polytechnic School of Chimborazo
Abstractit is not sufficient to demonstrate in theory the
behavior of electronic circuits, this paper presents the
simulation of the redactor chopper, elevator chopper with LE
and RLE load; Buck, Boost and Buck-Boost converters.
Index TermsProteus, ISIS, Chopper, Converter

I.

The load RL has the following values: R = 10 ohms and

L = 900 mH.
The DC voltage sources V1 = 100 V and V2 = 40 V.
For displaying the voltage and current graphics, has been
used two analogue analysis each one with test leads of
voltage and current

INTRODUCTION

PROTEUS
It is electronic design software developed by Labcenter
Electronics, consists of two modules, ARES and ISIS:
ISIS: You can design circuits with very different
components, from simple resistance to a microprocessor or
microcontroller, including power supplies, signal generators
and other benefits. These designs can be simulated in real
time.
ARES: The Proteus routing-tool is used for the
manufacture of printed circuit boards, this tool can be used
manually or let the program itself trace the tracks.
DC-DC CONVERTER
The finality of this type of converters is to provide
continuous variable voltage and current from a DC source.
These static converters are also known as choppers.

Figure 1. Reducing Chopper (Non-continued condition)

Continued condition

The operating principle is based on a periodic operation,

where the sources voltage is supplied to the load for a time
(ton) and in the remaining time (T),a short circuit is applied.
For the construction are used elements with on-off control,
such as transistors, MOSFET, thyristors, etc.

II. SIMULATIONS OF THE CONVERTER CIRCUITS

a.

Reducing Chopper - Class A:

The current and voltage will always be positive, due to
the arrangement of the power element. It provides continuous
variable voltage from zero to the value of the source.There are
two conditions for this type; the typical load in both conditions
includes resistance, inductance and a small source:
Non-continued condition
The considerations taken for this condition are:
The switch function is developed by a voltage-controlled
switch; a pulse generator sends the control signal to the
switch.
The diode D1 is reverse-polarized so it is not considered
as it works as a short circuit when the switch is open.

Figure 2. Reducing Chopper (Continued condition)

The considerations token for this condition are similar to the

below analysis, there is a variation in the value of the load:
The values considered are R1 = 0.1 ohm and L =
2000mH.
The current graph differs from the previous because of
their condition.

ESPOCH. Aguirre, Alex., Cuvi, Mayra., Naranjo, Adriana., Ricaurte, Alex. DC-DC Converters Simulation
b. Elevator Chopper with LE load:
The principal application is in energy recovery to the
network, especially in electric braking operations. The load
consists of an inductor and a small source.

d. Buck Converter
This converter allows reduce a continuous voltage
(generally not regulated) to a lower magnitude voltage
(regulated). It is formed by a DC source, a switching device
and a low-pass filter that is connected to a given load.

Figure 3. Elevator Chopper with LE load

The considerations taken for this circuit are:

The steady state calculus establishes that the current is a
periodic signal.
The value of the inductance considered is L = 100 mH.
The DC voltage sources are V1 = 100 V and V2 = 60 V.
c.

Elevator Chopper with RLE load:

As the name given has chopper consists mainly of
resistance, inductance and a power load. It has a shock
inductance before the load.
The considerations taken for this circuit are:
In the first stage of time, the steady state current can be
calculated.
The RL load has the following values: R = 50 ohms and
L = 200 mH.
The shock inductance is Lch = 200mH.
The DC voltage sources are V1 = 100 V and V2 = 60 V.

Figure 5. Buck Converter

The considerations taken for this circuit are:

This converter, unlike the below choppers, has two
switches; the control signals applied to them has the same
frequency but with a ton offset.
This circuit has a DC source V = 100 V, the value of
inductor L = 900 mH, capacitor C = 2200 uF, and a
resistive load of R = 15 ohms.
e.

Boost Converter
This DC- DC converter obtains at the output a DC
voltage higher than the input. It is a type of switching power
supply containing at least two semiconductor switches, and an
energy storage element. Many authors analyze the Boost
converter approximately assuming that Vc = Vo; that is, the
value of the capacitance C is very high that allows take the
tension approximately constant.

Figure 5. Boost Converter

Figure 4. Elevator Chopper with RLE load

ESPOCH. Aguirre, Alex., Cuvi, Mayra., Naranjo, Adriana., Ricaurte, Alex. DC-DC Converters Simulation
The considerations taken for this circuit are:
An inductance L = 100 mH, capacitance C = 2200 uF,
resistance R = 100 ohms.
DC voltage source V1 = 100 volts.
This converter works with two switches, which always
are in different states.
When the switch is closed (on- state) the inductor stores
energy from the source, while the load is supplied by the
capacitor C.
When the switch is open (off- state) the only current path
is through the diode and flows through the capacitor and
the load.
f.

Buck/Boost Converter:
This converter has a voltage output magnitude that can
be higher or lower than the magnitude of the input voltage.
The output voltage is adjustable by varying the duty cycle of
the switching transistor. A potential drawback of this
converter is that the switch does not have a grounded terminal
this complicates the circuit. In addition, the polarity of the
output voltage is opposite to the input voltage.

III. CONCLUSIONS
The Proteus Analogue Analysis Tool allows see the
behavior of voltage and current signals along a determinate
time.
Proteus could not be best way to probe the behavior of
DC-DC converters, the results obtained differ a little from the
theory, but it gives an idea about the circuit.
The results have a high dependence of the percent of the
pulse width (ton), and the frequency.
The use of thyristors as switch devices is not
recommended; because they are semi-controlled devices, you
can control the on-state, but not the off-state, it happens under
some conditions.
According to the class A chopper simulation, the pass
from the non-continued condition to the continued condition
occurs when the resistance value tends to zero.
In the Buck, Boost and Buck-Boost converters, the notswitch can be replaced by an inverse-polarized diode. The
voltage and current waveforms are the same.
Buck, Boost and Buck-Boost converters need to work at
a higher frequency, to see when the voltage and the current are
established.

IV. RECOMMENDATIONS
Check the work frequency at which you want to work, it
is very important to visualize the signal appropriately.
If there are problems by plotting the signals is advisable
to put a fixed time limit to the stop according to the data we
need.
Figure 5. Boost Converter

The considerations for this circuit are:

The operation as Buck Converter becomes when the SW2
remains closed, and switch SW1. For operation as Boost
converter, is the inverse case.
The values for inductance L = 100 mH, capacitance
C = 2200 uF, and a resistance R = 100 ohms.
A DC voltage source V = 10 V.

Simulate the circuits in other simulation software, and

compare the results obtained.
Try with other kind of switching devices, such as
transistors, MOSFET, IGBT, etc.