Basic Concept Mental Health Nursing

History oh Mental Health Nursing

World History in Mental Health Nursing
- Before 1860 (Caring patient with costidual care or closed and
-

isolation)
At 1873 (Linda Richard developed the mental health nursing

in hospital)
At 1883 (Mental Health Nursing school in McLean Hospital)
At 1913 (John Hopkins founded the school of nursing and
psychiatric nursing incorporate into the curriculum. There

were many things, among other somatic therapy and ECT)

At 1950 (role of psychiatric nursing started developing)
At 1951 (Mellow developed relationship between nurse-client

in therapeutic process)
At 1952 (Peplau develop interpersonal relationship in nursing)
At 1960 (focus on psychiatric nursing primer prevention,

implementation and consul in community)

At 1970 (developing a frame for nursing practical in nursing

process and practical nursing standard)

Indonesia history in mental health nursing
- At 1882 ( First Health Hospital / RSJ in Bogor)
- Since 1882 Now there are so many mental Hospital that
develop practical in mental health nursing

Defenition of Mental Health Nursing

Mental health nursing is concerned with the pervention, traetment, and
nursing care of people all ages who are suffering from mental illness and
that effect (WHO, 1998)
Mental health nursing / Psychiatric Mental health nursing is commited to
promoting mental health through the assessment, diagnosis, and
treatment of human responses to mental health problem or psychiatric
disorders. (APNA, 2007)
So, mental health nursing is nursing care for health and wellness
promotion through nursing assessment of mental health issue, prevention
of mental illness problem and providing nursing intervention and
treatment for psychiatric disorder with related health problem.

Mental Health and Mental Disorder

Mental Health is a state of being that is relative rather than absolute. The
successful performance of mental functions shown by productive
activities, fulfi lling relationships with other people, and the ability to adapt
to change and to cope with adversity.(APA,2003)

Mental illness is this is a evidenced by a pattern of behaviours that is

conspicious, threatening, and disruptive of relationship or deviates from
acceptable behaviours.
-

Purpose
Help the client to become a independent person
Prevention is the important thing such as : primary, secondary and
tertiary
General Nursing
Mental health nursing

Component of mental health nursing:

Level of conciousness (alert, lethargy, obtundation, stupor, coma)
Physical appearance
Behaviour
Cognitive and intelectual abilities

Role of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing

Socializing Agent
Teacher
Change agent or model
Counselor
Role player
Leader
Advocate

Nursing process in Mental Health Nursing

Assessment
This is the fundamental step of the nursing procces to make sound
decisions,
diagnose
problem,
develop
outcomes,
provide
intervention and evaluate the clients progress. This step also
provide the mental health nursing an opportunity to systematically
collect subjective and objective data. Subjective data is collected
through from : client, family and friends, medical records, health
care provider, etc. Objective data is collected by peforming physical
and mental status examinations in order to identify any actual and
potential mental or physical health problems.

Diagnosis
Diagnosis is a clinical judgement about individual, family or
community response to actual or potential health problem. The
mental health nursing performs the following function :
- Organize, analyze and summarize the collected data
- Identify the client actual or potential mental health problem as
well as interpersonal, physical, or environmental that have
influence on the client mental health

Outcome and Plan of Care

Mental health nursing develops goal or the expected outcomes
using standard classification language for formulating the
outcomes. A key point to remember identifying outcomes must
derrive from nursing diagnosis, be based on evidence and be
therapeautically attainable.
Also, to formulate plan of care for the client, the mental health
nursing must interact with the client, family and health care team

Implementation
This stage, mental health nursing must implement the nursing
intervention. Specific nursing intervention include :
- Counseling
- Milieu Therapy
- Promoting of self care activities
- Physicho biologic intervention
- Health teaching
- Case management
- Health promotion and health maintenance

Evaluation
Mental health nursing in this last part of nursing process evaluates
the client for their achievment of the expected outcomes. The
following are the sample question that the mental health nursing
can ask themselves to evaluate nursng care :
- Was the data collection process adequate to assess the client
actual or potential problems?
- What changes were observed in the clients cognitive, emotional,
and behavioral status in terms of the positive or negative
outcome of the intervention?

The reason why we should care to mental health nursing

We should care to mental health nursing cause in this area, nurse not also
identify the mental illness but mental helth too. Mental health and mental
illness describe as a hierarchy of needs in maslow. So thats way we must
give more attention for caring to mental health nursing

People that we must giving nursing care in mental health nursing

We can give nursing care in mental health nursing care to :
- People who have illness so needs intervention in mental health
-

nursing
People who need health education and health promotion about
mental health