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10
10
10.2
10.2.1
10.2.2
10.2.3
10.3
10.4
10.4.1
10.4.2
10.4.3
10.4.4
10.4.5
10.4.6
10.4.7
10.4.8
10.4.9
10.4.10
10.4.11
10.4.12
10.4.13
10.4.14
10.4.15
10.5
10.5.1
10.5.2
10.5.3
10.6
10.7
10 - 1
10 - 2
10
Learning
Targetstargets
10.1
Learning
The participant will learn about
the general concept of automatic
mode control
SITRAIN
Basics Automatic Mode Control
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10.2
10.2.1
CtrL
OpenMan
1
Output driver
CloseAut
CloseMan
PIQ
Output module
Feature.Bit4:
0 = Button mode
1 = Switch mode
SITRAIN
Basics Automatic Mode Control
ModLiOp
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AutModLi
AutModOp
1
ManModLi
ManModOp
Feature.Bit4:
0 = Button mode
1 = Switch mode
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T = push button
Button mode
VlvL
VlvL
S = Switch
T3
OpenAut
S4
T4
CloseAut
S1
ModLiOp
S2
ModLiOp
T1
AutModLi
S3
AutModLi
OpenAut
CloseAut
ModLiOp
AutModLi
1
SITRAIN
Basics Automatic Mode Control
ModLiOp
AutModLi
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ModLiOp
3
Siemens AG 2012
AutModLi
ModLiOp
AutModLi
1
0
1
0
1. The gray rectangles represent any block offering one or two outputs that can be
used to control the mode.
2. When ModLiOp has value 0, then the mode can only be controlled by operator on
SITRAIN
the OS.
Basics Automatic Mode Control
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10.3
Checkpoint
Consider
a way to have the Auto mode of all
devices of D210 and R310 set by a
single operation, leaving the
devices in such a state, that the
operator can switch back to
Manual mode if required.
SITRAIN
Basics Automatic Mode Control
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10.4
A sequential control system controls functions, such as CFC charts, via mode and state
changes, and processes them selectively.
SIMATIC Manager
PH
PO
IEA
SFC Visualization
CFC
SFC
STEP 7 - tools
ES
STEP 7
WinCC
AS
OS
10.4.1
SFC Charts
SITRAIN
Basics Automatic Mode Control
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Siemens AG 2012
A SFC chart consists in maximum 8 sequencers for different states of the sequential
control system (e.g. default: Run, Hold, Resume, Abort...or customized: Heating,
SITRAIN
Dosing, Draining, etc.).
a CPUAGand
is
Basics Automatic Mode Cooling,
Control
10 -An
10 SFC chart is assigned uniquely toSiemens
2012
also executed completely on this CPU.
See [103] PCS 7 V8.0 Engineering System - 12_2011, 8.12.8 for more detail
10 - 7
Run Sequence
The runtime properties of an SFC chart or SFC instance determine how the SFC is
included in the chronological execution sequence within the overall structure in the
CPU. These properties determine the behavior of the target system with respect to
response times, dead times, or the stability of time-dependent structures, such as
control loops.
SFC chartsThe insertion in the Run Sequence is done using the Predecessor for Insert Position.
Run Sequence
The SFC chart is represented by a single object like a chart or as a part of a runtime
group like a block:
Single object
like a chart
Part of a
runtime group
like a block
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10.4.2
Elements of a Sequence
A newly created sequencer (menu command Insert > Sequencer > ...) is inserted at a
selected position in the SFC in its initial state consisting of an initial step, transition and
final step.
In its initial state, the new SFC consists of one sequencer. You create each sequencer
in its own working window.
A tab is created for every working window at the bottom of the screen. The tab shows
the name of the sequencer (for example, RUN or SEQ1). You can switch to the
individual sequencers using these tabs.
Elements of a sequence
Element bar
Step
Parallel
branch
Transition
Step
Transition
Lower
branch line
Step
Transition
Tabs represent
sequencers
SITRAIN
Basics Automatic Mode Control
Alternative
branch
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Jump
Siemens AG 2012
See [304] SFC for SIMATIC S7 - Programming and Operating Manual - 12_2011,
11.2 for more details about the sequencer topology.
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10.4.3
Close cooperation
There is a close cooperation between SFC and CFC:
Sequences will not have access to the process signals by their own.
Every access is to be configured in relation to existing function in CFC charts.
Controlling
Controlling devices in the process is to be done through the control blocks in CFC.
In general the Auto mode and its related input to control is being used.
For a VALVE block the input to be used is AUTO_OC. The VALVE block will have the
actual connection to the process through the output driver.
Monitoring
Close cooperation
between SFC and CFC
Monitoring the process (in general as a feedback from an earlier step) is done through a
block for monitoring the value, using a connection to the related input driver.
CFC
SFC
Open command
in Auto mode
Valve is
closed
Process value of
level monitoring
SITRAIN
Basics Automatic Mode Control
Move
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Siemens
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10.4.4
Interconnection
APLinblocks
in a
Interconnection
to APLto
blocks
a Transition
Transition
3
4
SITRAIN
1. Open
Basics Automatic Mode Control
By clicking the "Go To" button, you can jump to the point of use of the address in
whose edit box the text cursor is located (for example, to the CFC chart with the block
I/O that is the address of this statement.
2. The "Browse..." button opens a dialog box where you can select an address for the
edit box of the condition where the text cursor is located.
3. Navigate to the required block to get the corresponding I/Os displayed.
4. Select the desired block I/O.
5. In case of APL blocks with structures as I/O data type, it is necessary to open the
structure. Only a single structure element can be linked. An additional dialog offers
you the structure element to be selected.
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2
3
5
SITRAIN
1. Open
Basics Automatic Mode Control
The button with the line number for selecting the line
The radio button that you can use to select the statement as an OS comment
An edit box for the left address, the operator, and the edit box for the right
address
If the text cursor is located in an address box, the shortcut menu displays only the
functions needed for editing the contents.
2. The "Browse..." button opens a dialog box where you can select an address for the
edit box of the statement where the text cursor is located.
3. Navigate to the required block to get the corresponding I/Os displayed.
4. Select the desired block I/O.
5. In case of APL blocks with structures as I/O data type, it is necessary to open the
structure. Only a single structure element can be linked. An additional dialog offers
you the structure element to be selected.
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Accesses to CFC blocks can also be modified in the relevant CFC chart. This
modification, however, is restricted to "rewiring" SFC accesses; in other words,
moving the access to another block I/O (with <Alt> + Drag-and-Drop).
Do not write any values to outputs of blocks and charts (CFC and SFC). Generally,
these are overwritten again by the processing of the block or chart.
does to
not APL
yet really
exist in in
the a
CFC
chart.
Interconnection
blocks
Step
These statements are displayed in the
statement line on a yellow background and are set up as textual interconnections.
Options for adress editing in a step
Regardless of the selection and application of changes, all completed lines can be
copied and reinserted in any type of actions of other steps at another line.
Statement as an
OS comment
Drop
Drag&
SITRAIN
Basics Automatic Mode Control
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Double click
to sort
Enter a text to
identify
SITRAIN
Basics Automatic
SIMATIC
PCS 7 Mode
BasicControl
Automatic Mode Control
Training Documentation, V1.00, ST-PCS7SYS
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10.4.5
Initialization
If actions have been configured here, they will be executed only once: at transition from
the previous step to this step.
Processing
If actions have been configured here, they will be executed during every program
cycle, as long as the condition for transferring to the next step is not completed.
Termination
If actions have been configured here, they will be executed only once: at the transition
from this step to the next one.
cycle
Transition fulfilled
Step active
Start Trans 2
Stop Trans 2
SITRAIN
Basics Automatic Mode Control
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See [304] SFC for SIMATIC S7
- Programming and Operating Manual
- 12_2011,
15.3.6.2 for more details
10.4.6
Example
Example
Next diagram can be used for a demonstration in configuring a SFC chart:
START
SP_EXT
70
L33
PV_IN
SP=70
50
30
H67
Start step
Step enabling condition:
Process value PV_IN less than 33?
Action:
Set setpoint SP_EXT to 70
Step enabling condition:
Process value PV_IN greater than 67?
SP=50
Linear sequence
L53
Conditions in transitions
Actions in steps
SP=30
Test
L32
END
SITRAIN
Basics Automatic Mode Control
10.4.7
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In SFC test mode a operating/status bar is displayed for monitoring and controlling. The
SFC in Testvarious
mode
step control modes change the behavior of the SFC when passing control from
active steps to successor steps:
Operating
state
Transition
Transition or Confirmation by User
Transition and Confirmation by User
Confirmation by User
Step specific Control by operator
Selection of
the step
control mode
Control
mode
Operator
confirmation
button
Operator
commands
SITRAIN
Basics Automatic Mode Control
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10.4.8
Checkpoint
Operating
state logic
for sequencers
(sequencer
10.4.9
Operating
state logic
for sequencers
(sequencer OSL)
OSL)
The operating state logic of the sequencer is defined by the diagram of the state
changes.
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See [304] SFC for SIMATIC S7 - Programming and Operating Manual - 12_2011,
for more details
SITRAIN
15.2.5.5
Basics Automatic Mode Control
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10.4.10
OSL is executed
independent of the SFC-OSL when aSiemens
sequencer
is
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AG 2012
processed. This means that the sequencer has a state which differs from the SFC state.
For example, the state of the SFC OSL can be "Holding", whereas the state of the
sequencer OSL is "Run" (due to the processing of the sequencer to the "Holding" state).
The processing of the sequencer OSL is subordinate to the SFC OSL. This means that
the state change in the SFC OSL usually effects the state change in the sequencer
OSL.
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10.4.11
External View
External
view
Operating
modes
Commands
and operating
states
Provide
information
about states
and modes to
other blocks
Execution
options
SITRAIN
Every
Basics Automatic Mode Control
Siemens AG 2012
On the left parameters for controlling the states, modes and more by SFC steps and
connections to blocks in CFC charts.
On the right parameters representing states, modes and more information to be used
in SFC transitions and for connections to blocks in CFC charts.
The inputs need different types of values / static or dynamic (edges).
10.4.12
See [304] SFC for SIMATIC S7 - Programming and Operating Manual - 12_2011,
12.3.1 for more details
What happens
during a dosing step, when the
command Hold is executed?
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Changes of state
Add a new
into into
the the
chart
10.4.13
Add asequencer
new sequencer
chart and setup the properties
Insert a new
sequencer at the
corresponding
position
SITRAIN
Basics Automatic Mode Control
10.4.14
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By default a SFC contains a single sequencer with the default name RUN.
Start
Start) for the first time, the first state change will be
Siemens AG 2012
When the RUN sequencer is the only one, nothing will react on the state STARTING,
so the next program cycle the state will change from STARTING to RUN.
SIMATIC PCS 7 Basic Automatic Mode Control
Training Documentation, V1.00, ST-PCS7SYS
10 - 19
Hold
When during the execution of the RUN sequencer, the SFC is held (button Hold), the
state change will be from RUN to HOLDING.
When theof
RUN
the only one, nothing will react on the state HOLDING, so
Default behavior
ansequencer
SFC isHold
the next program cycle the state will change from HOLDING to HELD.
SITRAIN
Basics Automatic Mode Control
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10.4.15
Sequencer Holding
Start condition Holding
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Sequencer RUN
Start condition RUN
Sequencer Resuming
Start condit. Resuming
SITRAIN
Basics Automatic Mode Control
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10.5
Sequences on the OS
10.5.1
Preparation in the ES
Block icons for SFCs are generated automatically during OS compilation always.
additional
SequencesAs
onanthe
OS option to the OS you can use SFC Visualization.
CompilationIt allows
and Block
Icons
you to monitor
and control SFCs on the OS in a very similar way as in SFC
editors test mode.
OS compilation
Block icon
for SFC
SITRAIN
Basics Automatic Mode Control
Compilation
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At OS compilation, have the proper check box set, which will allow you to have all the
relevant information transferred to the OS, including the creation of the pictures:
Block icons
In a similar way to OS relevant blocks in CFC, there can be representatives of SFC
charts being installed in pictures.
User-defined
button
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10.5.2
Steps of in
SFC
operation
SFC operation
Runtime
in Runtime
User-defined
button
User-defined
button
Predefined button
in the 2nd key set
Block icon
Faceplate
SFC browser
Section
Overview
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Sequencer properties
and start condition in
runtime
Separate
windows
SITRAIN
Basics Automatic Mode Control
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10.5.3
2
1
4
2. Place the mouse pointer at the position in the picture where you want to insert the
control. The mouse pointer
into a crosshair with an object symbol
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attached.
3. Drag the control to the desired size with the mouse.
4. A list offering all registered ActiveX controls is opened.
Select the entry PCS 7 SFC Multichart Control.
The insertion process for the selected control is finished.
10 - 24
If you do not stretch the frame to its complete size, not all the columns will be visible.
In this case, a horizontal scroll bar is inserted to enable you to scroll through the
contents in the visible area during runtime mode.
SFC
MultiChart
PCS
7 System
Course
Control
Properties
Double click
5
Open the
SFC browser
5. Double-click the SFC MultiChart Control. The "Properties" dialog box opens.
SITRAIN
6. Open
Basics Automatic Mode Control
Direct jump to
the step in
the faceplate
Operating the
selected SFC
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Access to the
selected SFC
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SITRAIN
Basics Automatic Mode Control
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See [305] SFC Visualization - Programming and Operating Manual - 12_2011, 5.13
for more details
10.6
SFC type
SFC type
The SFC chart is able to use direct access to addresses in CFC (block I/O).
SFC charts can be edited independently of each other.
SFC type
SFC
CFC
A SFC type is created beforehand in a chart folder (in library or directly related to AS
system).
Steps and transitions will have access to the SFC type its own interface.
Instances
An SFC instance is derived from an SFC type and initially has properties identical to
those of the SFC
control system only after
SFCtype. You have an executable sequential CFC
interconnecting the SFC instance with blocks and signals of basic automation in CFC
charts.
SFC type
SITRAIN
Basics Automatic Mode Control
SFC type
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By default, the interface of a SFC type is the same as the SFC external view, extended
by a number of SFC type specific parameters. Additionally, the user can configure more
parameters to create the application specific interface (characteristics).
SITRAIN
Basics Automatic Mode Control
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BATCH
SFC types can be configured to represent an Equipment Phase in a SIMATIC BATCH
application.
See [304] SFC for SIMATIC S7 - Programming and Operating Manual - 12_2011,
4.5.2 for more details
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10.7
What else
SITRAIN
Basics Automatic Mode Control
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