Chapt 13 Practice Test

Multiple Choice: Choose the answer that best completes the statement or answers the question.

_____ 1. Why was DNA called the “secret of life”?

A) DNA is very mysterious and hard to find in nature
B) DNA contains a code of instructions for all living things
C) living cells are mostly made out of DNA

_____ 2. Which of these best describes the shape of a DNA molecule?

A) oval B) X shaped C) pyramid D) double helix

_____ 3. What was Watson & Crick’s primary motivation for studying DNA?
A) they wanted to get rich
B) they wanted to prove that the “secret of life” was found in molecules, not religion
C) they felt guilty for having built the first atomic bomb

_____ 4. What research technique did Watson & Crick use?

A) take X-ray pictures of DNA C) genetic engineering of garden peas
B) calculate the amounts of each base D) build models using other people’s data

____ 5. What was the contribution of Rosalind Franklin to the understanding of DNA structure?
A) complimentary bases are A&C, G&T C) discovered links between DNA and cancer
B) genes have introns and exons D) X-ray pictures of DNA molecules

_____ 6. Why was Watson & Crick’s discovery of DNA’s shape controversial?
A) they were Americans working in a British university
B) they used Rosalind Franklin’s research without telling her
C) they were Jews working in a Christian culture

_____ 7. If one strand of DNA has the code CGGAT, what will be the code on the other side?
A) CGGAT B) GCCUA C) GCCTA D) TAGGC

______8. Why must the covalent bonds on the outside of the DNA molecule be stronger than the hydrogen bonds
that holds the 2 strands together?
A) strong covalent bonds make it easy to rearrange the DNA sequence
B) weaker inside bonds make a double helix shape
C) strong outside bonds keep the bases in the right order when the strands separate
_____ 9.How does DNA replication work?
A) the double helix twists and coils into chromosomes that divide in half
B) the bases pull apart and get re-shuffled into a new sequence
C) helicase enzyme “unzips” the 2 strands, and DNA polymerase adds on the matching bases
_____ 10. Why do these sisters look alike?
A) they inherited similar DNA from their parents
B) their bodies create similar proteins
C) they breathe the same air
D) both A & B
E) it is a mystery to everyone
______ 11. How is a gene related to a protein?
A) proteins are long chains of genes C) proteins are codes for making genes
B) genes are like “recipes” for making proteins D) both are made of DNA

_____ 12. Which of these molecules acts like a “taxi”, carrying amino acids and connecting to mRNA?
A) DNA B) hemoglobin C) tRNA D) amino acids

_____ 13. How is RNA different from DNA?

A) RNA uses Uracil instead of Thymine C) DNA is red, but RNA is yellow
B ) RNA is a single strand—DNA is a double strandD) both A & C

______ 14. Which part of the cell builds new proteins?

A) mitochondria in the nucleus C) ribosomes in the cytoplasm
B) chromosomes in the cytoplasm D) both B & C

15. Each three-letter code in the chart below is called a __________________.

16. Write the amino acid sequcnce for this code: A A G C G U G U A

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17. What would be the original DNA code for the sequence in #16?
____________________________________

18. What are the 4 possible mRNA codes for a lysine-tyrosine combination?

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19. What is the artist trying to illustrate? A) DNA replication B) gene expression

20. Identify these three molecules: A) ________ B) _________ C) ________________

22. What are these processes called? D) ___________________ E) ___________________________

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22. What is the picture on the right?

23. Who originally created this picture?

24. What evidence did it show about the shape of DNA?

25. How did Watson & Crick learn about this picture?

ANSWERS:

1. B 10. D 18. AAA-UAU, AAA-UAC, 24. shows

2. D 11. B AAG-UAU, AAG-UAC double helix shape
3. B 12. C 19. B (gene expression) 25. Maurice
4. D 13. D 20. A-DNA B-RNA Wilkins
5. D 14. C C-protein showed it to
6. B 15. codon 21. D- transcription, Watson
7. C 16. lysine-arginine-valine E- translation
8. C 17. TTCGCACAT 22. X-ray of DNA
9. C 23. Rosalind Franklin