Factoring Using GCF

Teachers Name: Pol Nio Endona Laset

Subject: Intermediate Algebra (Ad Math 8A)
Time Allotment: 90 minutes
Grade Level: Junior High School Grade 8
I.

Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
1. perform the modified game called the boat is sinking;
2. recall the 8 divisibility rules;
3. define the meaning of factor;
4. define the meaning of the greatest common factor or GCF;
5. perform how to get the GCF as demonstrated;
6. interpret the similarity of the game to the discussion;
7. define the meaning of factoring by grouping;
8. solve algebraic expressions through factoring by grouping; and
9. discuss the topic by filling-up the concept map of quadratic functions with proper linking words or
mathematical terms.

II.

III.

Subject Matter
A. Topic: Finding the Greatest Common Factor (GCF)
B. References: Hornsby, J.E., Lial, M.L., and McGinnis, T. (2012). Beginning Algebra. 11th Ed. Harper
Collins
Lesson Proper
A. Priming / Anticipatory Set
1. Motivation - The teacher will tell the class how to play the modified game The boat is sinking!
works
a. The teacher will tell the students to form a group or groups by saying The boat is
sinking, group the class into x! (x is the number of groups).
b. Then the students will form a line/s according to the number said by the teacher.
c. Next, the students should look in front of them and on their backs. If their entire column
is composed of one gender, then the students comprising the entire column will be out. If
it happens that two or more columns are composed of the same number of persons
sharing the same gender, then all of the students of the said columns will be out.
d. The game continues until there will be one or two winners.
2. Recall The teacher will ask the students to recall the 8 divisibility rules.
2 The last digit is even (0,2,4,6,8)
3 The sum of the digits is divisible by 3
4 The last 2 digits are divisible by 4
5 The last digit is 0 or 5
6 The number is divisible by both 2 and 3
8 The last three digits are divisible by 8
9 The sum of the digits is divisible by 9
10 The number ends in 0
B. Direct Instruction / Activity

1. Preliminary Activity the teacher will define the meaning of factor, while relating it to the
priming wherein the class is grouped into columns.
a. To factor means to write a quantity as a product. Factoring is the opposite of multiplying
(e.g 3 x 5 = 15 is multiplying while factoring is 15 = 3 x 5)
b. Greatest Common Factor means it is the largest factor among the factors of the two or more
integers and it should be common between the two or more integers.
c. In relating factoring and GCF to the game. The class is grouped according to the number on
the sentence The boat is sinking, group the class into x. The class will be divided into x
lines (factors) then if they will be composed of one gender (will be the greatest number of
male or female on a column and the gender is common among the members of the line), the
entire column will be out.
d. To perform GCF as demonstrated, the students should follow these rules:
Step 1.
Step 2.
Step 3.
Step 4.

Factor. Write each number in factored form.

List common factors. List each prime number or each variable that is a
factor of every term in the list. (If a prime does not appear in one of the
prime factored forms, it cannot appear in the greatest common factor.)
Choose least exponents. Use exponents on the common prime factors
the least exponents from the prime factored forms.
Multiply the primes from Step 3. If there are no primes left after Step 3,
the greatest common factor is 1.

Examples:
72, 120, and 432
72 = 8 9
120 = 60 2
432 = 216 2
=24
3 3= 30 2 2
= 108 2 2
= 2 2 2 3 3 = 15 2 2 2
= 54 2 2 2
=5 2223
= 27 2 2 2 2
=9 22223
=
2222333
72 = 2 2 2
33
120 = 2 2 2
3
5
432 = 2 2 2 2 3 3 3
GCF = 2 2 2 3
= 24
21m7, 18m6, 45m8, 24m5
21m7 = 3 7 m7
18m6 = 3
m6 3 2
8
45m = 3
m8 3
5
24m = 3
m5 2 2 2
GCF = 3 m5

x4y2, x7y5, x3y7, y15

x4y2 = x4 y2
x7y5 = x7 y5

5
= 3m5

x3y7 = x3 y7
y15 =
y15
2
GCF = y

Board work:
3m + 12
= 3 m + 12
= 3 m + 3 4
= 3(m+4)
5y2 + 10y
= 5y (y) + 5y 2
= 5y(y + 2)
20m5 + 10m4 + 15m3
= 5m3( 4m2) + 5m3(2m) + 5m3(3)
= 5m3 (4m2 + 2m + 3)
2. Main Activity The teacher will introduce the concept of factoring by grouping i.e., when a
polynomial has four terms, common factors can sometimes be used to factor by grouping.
Examples:
2x + 6 + ax + 3a
= (2x + 6) + (ax + 3a)
= 2(x + 3) + a (x + 3)
= (x + 3) (2 + a)
6ax + 24x + a + 4
= 6ax + a + 24x + 4
= a(6x + 1) + 4(6x + 1)
= (6x + 1) (a + 4)
Board work:
2x2 10x + 3xy 15y
= (2x2 10x) + (3xy 15y)
= (2x2 10x) + (3xy 15y)
= 2x(x 5) + 3y(x 5)
= (x 5) (2x + 3y)
3
2
t + 2t - 3t- 6
= (t3 + 2t2) + (- 3t- 6)
= t2 (t + 2) - 3( t + 2)

= (t2 3) ( t + 2)
10x2 -12y +15x - 8xy
= 2(5 x2 - 6y) + x(15 - 8y)
This is not working for us, so we have to rearrange the terms.
=
=
=
=
=
IV.
V.

10x2 - 8xy -12y +15x

(10x2 - 8xy) (12y +15x)
2x(5x 4y) + 3(-4y +5x)
2x(5x 4y) + 3(5x 4y)
(5x 4y) (2x+3)

Assessment the teacher will have a quiz next meeting.

Closure - the teacher will summarize the topic by filling up a concept map.

Factoring
Can be done by

(1)
Finding the Greatest Common Factor first
(2)
Then group the terms.
(3)
If you feel that you are not doing well, try to
rearranging the terms.