FPTUniversityJapaneseLanguageTrainingDivision

JAPANESEELEMENTARYI

GRAMMAR
EXPLANATION
(Lesson1Lesson10)
FU2008

1.
N1N2
*ngha:N1lN2
*Cchdng:
Danhtngtrclchhocchngtrongcu.
csdngcuicukhngnh,biulslchsivinginghe.
ngtrclmtdanhthoctnht.
Ch:khiltrtcclwa,khngphiha
Vd:
1)1)TilTanaka.
2)
Tilsinhvin.
2.
N1N2

*ngha:N1khngphilN2
*Cchdng:
ldngphnhca.
Tronghithoingitacthdngthaycho
Vd:
()AnhRaokhngphilks.
Ch:cldewa
3.

S+
1)Cuhinghivn(cuhiCKhng)
*Cchdng:
tomtcuhichcnthmvocuicu.
Cutrlicholoicuhinylunphic(vng,ng)hoc(khng,
khngphi).Nuginlcibxemlthtl.
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FPTUniversityJapaneseLanguageTrainingDivisionGiithchvnphm
Vd:

1)

BnMailngiVitNamphikhng?
...

...ng,(bny)lngiVitNam.
1)2)

BnMiralhcsinhphikhng?
...

...Khng,(bny)khngphilhcsinh.
2)Cuhicthi
*Cchdng:
Vtrtthichnhlchctmbnmunhi.
Cuicuhitthmtrt.
Vd:

Ngikialai?
...()
...(Ngikia)LanhYamada.
Ch:Khinithlngingtrt
4.
N
*ngha:Ncng
*Cchdng:Trtcsdngthaychokhinhngthngtinvchca
cugingvinhngthngtincachtrc.
Vd:

1)

N1N2
3

TilngiVitNam.

AnhTncnglngiVitNam.
5.

*ngha:N2caN1,N2thucvN1
*Cchdng:
Trtdngni2danht.
N1lmrnghachoN2.
Trongbiny,N1lmttchc,mtnhmmN2thucvo.
Vd:
FPT
TilsinhvincatrngihcFPT.


6.
~*Cchdng:
TrongtingNhtsdngchngngaysautncanginghehocngi
th3bytsknhtrngivingi.
Chkhngbaogisdngsautncachnhmnh.
Vd:
TilTanaka.
VkialKimura.
Ch:KhitraoitrctipthngiNhttsdngkhibittnca
ngi
nghe,msdngtngi.Ngoira,Nhtkhigimtnginothgi
nguynctnvhhocchcngihl.Chgitntrongnhngtrnghp
bnbquenthnhayngithntronggianh.
7.
~
*Cchdng:
Khinivtuiththmch(cchmtui)saustht.
(Bngmtuithamkhotrang8)
Khihituisdngnghivnt.Trnghplphphndngt
.
Vd:
()CSuzukibaonhiutui?
...()29...(Ti)29tui
...29...29.
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FPTUniversityJapaneseLanguageTrainingDivisionGiithchvnphm

1.Cctchth
1)
//N

*ngha:Ciny/ci/cikialN
*Cchdng:
ylccdanhtchth.
csdngnhmtdanht.
Khngcdanhtilinsauchng.
dngchvtgnngini,xanginghe(Trongphmvingini)
dngchvtgnnginghe,xangini(Trongphmvinginghe)
dngchvtxachaingi.
Vd:
1)1)
N/N/N

?
5

ylquynsch?
......Khng,lquynv.
2)2)Kialcit.
2)

*ngha:CiNny//kia

*Cchdng:
lcctchthbnghachodanht.Vtngquankhong
cchthgingvinhngkhcvcchsdngvlunphic
danhtilinngsau.
Ndngchvthocngignngini,xanginghe.
Ndngchvthayngignnginghe,xangini.
Ndngchvthayngixachaingi.
VD:

NgikialanhYamada.
Cuhivithi
NNlcig?
Ch:lthidngchovt,lthidngchongi.


Vd:
1)ylcig?
......lcigh.
2)Nginylai?
...

...NgilanhTanaka.
Ch:Khimtvtgnchaingithchaingiucthdnghay

2.
/
*Cchdng:
csdngtrlicuhinghivnmtncngldanht.
Trongcukhngnhdng:
Trongcuphnhdng:()
Ch:Trongtrnghpcunghivnmtncnglngthaytnhtthkhng
sdnghaytrli.
Vd:
1)ylcibtchphikhng?
......Vng,lcibtch.
Hoc......Vng,ngvy.
2)lcithinthoiphikhng?
......Khng,khngphicithinthoi.
Hoc......Khng,khngphith.
3.
N1N2

*ngha:N1haylN2?
*Cchdng:
ylloicuhilachn,ccutobihaicun,dngkhiphnvn,

khngbitritnglcig(cthvhnhdngkhgingnhau)
Mimnhtrcchulmtcuhivcng1itng
Vd:
lcibtbihaylbtch
kim?
......Lcibtbi.
Ch:Khitrlicuhinykhngdnghay
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4.
N1N2(tip)*ngha:N2caN1
*Cchdng:bitrc,N1lmttchcmN2thucvo.binytrt
c
nghachsshu.N2thucshucaN1
Vd:
ylquynschcati.

Ch:
N2ikhiclcbkhicnhcntrchayrngha.
KhiN2lmttchngithkhngcb.
Vd:
1)Kialcicpcaai?
......Lcati.
2)CibnlcaRaophikhng?
......Khng,khngphicaRao.
3)IMCMiralnhnvincngtyIMCphikhng?
...IMC
(Khngdng:IMC)

...Vng,(anhy)lnhnvincngtyIMC.
5.
*ngha:Ravy
*Cchdng:Sdngkhingininhncthngtinmivthhin
rnghiuvn.
Vd:
A:Cinylcabn?
B:...Khng,caanhTn.
A:,ravy.
FPTUniversityJapaneseLanguageTrainingDivisionGiithchvnphm

1.

*ngha:Chny//kialN
*Cchdng:
lccidanhtchnichn.
chchcangini.(Trongphmvicangini)
lchcanginghe.(Trongphmvicanginghe)
chnixachaingi.
Vd:
1)ylphnghc.
2)lnhvsinh.
3)Kialnhntpth.
Ch:Khinginivnginghecngmtaimthchaingiu
sdng.
2.

*ngha:Nchny(ch,chkia)(chvtr,tnti)
Vd:
1)Hnhlangy.
2)Cuthangmychkia.
3)Tiptnch.
Cuhichoaim:
N(aim)Nu?
Ch:Cthmrngtrnghpnychoaimtnticangivvt.
N
1


N(aim)
N(aim)

?
(ngihocvt)N
2

(aim)N1N2.
Vd:
1)1)AnhRaonh.
2)2)BnMaingkia.
3)3)Cgiotrongphnghc.
4)4)BnMariau?
......Ngoisn.
FPTUniversityJapaneseLanguageTrainingDivisionGiithchvnphm


FPTUniversityJapaneseLanguageTrainingDivisionGiithchvnphm

3.

*Cchdng:
Nghatngngvinhngtrangtrng,lchshn.
Nghagccachnglccidanhtchphnghng.
Vd:
1)inthoiunh?
......ngkia.
2)()tnccabnlu?
......VitNam.
Ch:Vicuhithcthhiutheo2

ngha:Cngtybnu?vCngtybnlcngtyno?(tncngty).
Nhngphnlnchiutheonghath2.Vy,quynhlhiutheo
nghath2.
Vd:
Cngtycabnlcngtyno?
...FPT...FPT.
4.
N1N2

*ngha:Ciny/cikia/cilN2caN1
*Cchdng1:
N1(adanh...)N2
Dngkhimunni1vtnocxutxtu,doncnohoc
cngtynosnxutra
Vd:
1)KialbtchkimcaNht.
2)ltivicaSony.

?
Cuhi
N2
Lcuhichomucutrn,dnghixutxcavt,munbitvtc
ngungctu,doncno,cngtynosnxut.
Vd:
yltcancno/cacngtyno?
...
9

tcaNht.


*Cchdng2:
N1(Loihnh,thloi)N2
Dngkhimunnivthuctnhcavt:thuclnhvcg,vchuyn
ngnhno,tingncno...
Vd:
1)ylquynschvxet.
2)ltbotingNht.

?
Cuhi
N
Lcuhichomucutrn,dngkhimunhi1vtnothuclnhvcg,v
chuynngnhno,vitbngtingncno...
Vd:
yltpchg?
...ltpch(v)mytnh.
Mrng:Cthdngni1cngtynohotngtronglnhvcno
Vd:
1)1)FPT
2)2)
3)....
N
FPTlcngtymytnh.
Hitachilcngtygi?
...LcngtysnxutTV
6.
*ngha:Nbaonhiutin
Vd:
Cionybaonhiutin?

...100...100Yn
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