Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9E Solutions

+
++
12 mA
||
12 mA
12mA
12mA ^
''''~Io
11'210>|
!>~n ~
---1------
11> - 4.5m A
R1
R 2 = 12
R eq -
>
o
+
+
o
-
2 kW
-o
+
+
-o
20V
(-
4
- -
<
3A
+
-
+
-
>
1
+
-
10kW
+
-
6kW
Vs
+
-
+
+-
2.88 Given I"
2 mA in the network in Fig. P2.88,
find V.I'
VA
3
v..
...
1 kn
Iq
+ VJ1 kfl
-'t
1 kfl
2kf!
.,.
_I
KC,.L""
::.
~,2)C.
1,).. t I~.= I~
VA ::. -2,h - 2-D
V2
+
-
+
-
=
=
Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E
SOLUTION:
Is
>
R1
12V
Ix
R2
R3
R4
R5
R6
The correct answer is d.
Req = { [[( R5 + R6 )
R4 ] + R3 ]
Req = { [[(8 + 2) 10] + 1]
R2 } + R1
3} + 1
Req = (6 3) + 1 = 3
Is =
12 12
=
= 4A
Req
3
R ' = [( R5 + R6 )
R4 ] + R3 = 6
24 8
6
= A
Ix =
(4) =
9 3
3+ 6
Chapter 2: Resistive Circuits
Pr oblem 2.FE-10
3k W
|
-
1
O
2 kW
Vo
6 kW
4 kW
\/
>
-+
Vo
-
>
>
'
'
+ \/
+
-
\/
+
-
'
o \/
-+
-o
+
\/ x
\/
'
'''
>
\/
6Vx
'
"
'''
\/
'
^ \/
\/
2
o\/
-O
-O
SOLUTION:
The correct answer is c.
R2
R
Vo =
(4) 2 (2)
4k
12k
Vo = 3V
1
3 = 1m( R2 ) + m( R2 )
6
5
m ( R 2 ) = 3
6
R2 = 3.6k
Chapter 4: Operational Amplifiers
Problem 4.FE-1
SOLUTION:
36k
18k
V1
+
6k
+
6k
12 k
12k
2V
3V
1V
The correct answer is b.
18k
18k
V1 = 2
(4) + 1
= 4.5V
6k
12k
36k 36k
V0 = V1
3
6k 12k
36k 36k
V0 = 4.5
3
6k 12k
V0 = 18V
Problem 4.FE-2
Vo
SOLUTION:
if
2
i=0
-
Vo
3
4
6V
2V
The correct answer is a.

V1 V2 6 2
+
= + = 2 .5 A
R1 R2 3 4
V0 = i f R f = (2.5)(2)
if =
V0 = 5V
Problem 4.FE-3
SOLUTION:
The op-amp is a noninverting op-amp.
Rf
A = 1+
R1
R f = ( A 1) R1
R f = (50 1)5k = 245k
Problem 4.FE-4
SOLUTION:
R1 = 6k
+
-
R2 = 2k
5V
R3 = 1k
8k
Vo
2 k

The 8k and 2k resistors make up a noninverting op-amp.
8k
V1 = 1 +
5 = 25V
2k
Use nodal analysis at node A:
Vo Vo Vi Vo 25
+
+
=0
R3
R1
2k
Problem 4.FE-5
Vo Vo 5 Vo 25
+
+
=0
1k
6k
2k
6Vo + Vo 5 + 3Vo 75 = 0
10Vo = 80
Vo = 8V
Problem 4.FE-5
_
|
|
.
6k
-T'0
'
"
'
A^
eq/
eq/
'
'''
+-
+
-
+
_
+
-
"
T
-
"
+
-
+
-
-+
+
-
>
-+
+
-+
+
+
-
+
x
+
+
+
-
+
-
+
+
+
+
-
+
-
SOLUTION:
Chapter 5: Additional Analysis Techniques
Problem 5.113
Problem 5.113
SOLUTION:
Problem 5.114
Problem 5.114
SOLUTION:
Problem 5.115
Problem 5.115
SOLUTION:
Problem 5.116
Problem 5.116
SOLUTION:
I'
R1
R2
R4
Voc'
4mA
R3

Use superposition.
R1
(4m)
I '
R1 R2 R3
1k
I'
(4m) 1mA
1
k
1
k
2
k
'
Voc I ' R3 (1m)(2k )
Voc' 2V
Problem 5.FE-1
R2
R1
R4
12V
Voc"
R3
R3
(12)
Voc"
R1 R2 R3
2k
Voc"
(12)
1k 1k 2k
Voc" 6V
Voc Voc' Voc" 2 6 8V
R1
R2
R4
R3
RTH
RTH R1 R2 R3 R4
RTH
2k (2k )
1k 2k
2k 2k
Problem 5.FE-1
RTH 2k
Voc 8V
RL
PLmax I L2 RL
R L RTH for maximum power.

V
PLmax oc
2 RTH
PLmax
RTH
V2
82
oc
8mW
4 RTH 4(2k )
Problem 5.FE-1
SOLUTION:
Vx
2k
1k
12V
Voc
+
-
2V x

12 2kI 1kI 2V x
V x I ( 2k )
12 2kI 1kI 2(2kI )
12
I mA
7
12 2kI Voc
12
12 2k m Voc
7
Voc 8.57V
Problem 5.FE-2
Vx
2k
I1
12V
1k
I sc
I2
+
-
2V x
12
I 1 6mA
2k
1kI 2 2V x 0
1kI 2 2(2kI1 ) 0
I 2 24mA
I 1 I 2 I sc
I sc 6m (24m) 30mA
Voc 8.57
285.7
I sc 30m
RL RTH for maximum power.
RTH
RTH 285 .7
Voc 8.57V
PLmax
Problem 5.FE-2
RL
Voc2
(8.57) 2
64.3mW
4 RTH 4(285.7)
SOLUTION:
Ix
R1
12V
I
R2
2I x
text
Voc

I I x 2I x
I 3I x
12 3I x 12 I
12 3I x 12(3I x )
4
Ix A
13
4
Voc 12 I 12(3I x ) 12(3) 11.08V
13
Problem 5.FE-3
Ix
R1
I2
12V
R2
2I x
I sc
text
I sc I x I 2 2 I x 3I x I 2
I2 0A
I sc 3I x
12 3I x
I x 4A
I sc 3(4) 12 A
V
11.08
0.92
RTH oc
12
I sc
RTH 0.92
12
Voc 11.08V
RL
RL 0.92 12 12.92
R L 12.92 for maximum power transfer.
Problem 5.FE-3
SOLUTION:
I'
3
10 A

Use superposition.
2
I'
(10) 4 A
2 3
I"
3
20V
Problem 5.FE-4
20
4A
5
I I' I"
I 4 4
I 0A
I"
Problem 5.FE-4
SOLUTION:
Use superposition.
a
I
'
12 A
Voc'
b
4
I'
(12) 8 A
2 4
Voc' I ' (2) 8(2) 16V
Problem 5.FE-5
a
3
4
12V
Voc"
b
2
Voc"
(12) 4V
2 4
Voc 16 4 12V
Problem 5.FE-5
S
S
s
s
S
S
2.24
SOLUTION:
Yes. The capacitors should be connected as shown.
6 F
2 F
4 F
C eq
6 (6 )
3 F
6 6
Chapter 6: Capacitance and Inductance
Ceq
Problem 6.FE-1
SOLUTION:
q (t ) i (t ) dt
0 C , t 0
q (t ) 6t C , 0 t 1 s
6 C , t 1 s
q (t )
C
0 V , t 0
v(t ) 6 x10 6 t V , 0 t 1 s
6 V , t 1 s
v(t )
1
C v 2 (t )
2
0 J , t 0
w(t ) 18 x10 6 t 2 J , 0 t 1 s
18 J , t 1 s
w(t )
Problem 6.FE-2
SOLUTION:
The voltage across the unknown capacitor Cx is (using KVL):
24 8 V x
V x 16V
q Cv
The capacitors are connected in series and the charge is the same.
q 60 (8) 480 C
q 480
30 F
Cx
v
16
Problem 6.FE-3
SOLUTION:
2 mH
Leq
3mH
3mH
6mH
12mH
9mH

Leq [ [(3m 9m) 12m] 6m 3m] 2m
Leq [ [(12m) 12m] 6m 3m] 2m
Leq [ 6m 6m 3m] 2m
Leq [ 3m 3m] 2m
Leq 1.5m 2m
Leq 3.5mH
Problem 6.FE-4
SOLUTION:
di(t )
v(t ) L
dt
di(t )
20te 2t (2) 20e 2t 20e 2t 40te 2t
dt
v(t ) 10m 20e 2t 40te 2t

0 V , t 0
v(t )
2t
2t
0.2e 0.4te V , t 0
Problem 6.FE-5
\/
i(t)
i(t)
\/
____
____
>
^ i(t)
o
o
Note: Please go to next page to see the graph on Output Voltage vs Time
^ i L (0+)
R2
- -
>
i(t)
Note: Please go to next page to see the graph on Output Voltage vs Time
12V
SOLUTION:
8k
6 k
vc (0)
6k
12V
6 k
R'
12k (6k )
4k
12k 6k
8k
12V
R ' 4 k
Chapter 7: First- and Second- Order Transient Circuits
v c ( 0 )
Problem 7.FE-1
4k
v c ( 0 )
(12) 4V
4 k 8k
The t 0 circuit:
6k
vc (t )
6k
vc (t) 12k x i c (t) 0

dv (t )
ic (t ) C c
dt
dv (t )
vc (t ) 12k (100 ) c
0
dt
dvc (t ) 1
vc (t ) 0
dt
1.2
1
r
0
1.2
1
r
1.2
vc (t ) Ae
t
1.2
vc (0) 4V
A4
vc (t ) 4e
t
1. 2
V, t 0
vc (2) 0.756V
Problem 7.FE-1
SOLUTION:
Find the initial condition:
12k
4k
12 k
12V
v0 (0)

vo (0) 0V
The t 0 circuit:
Problem 7.FE-2
R3 4k
R1 12k
R 2 12 k
v0 (t )
12V
R 3 4 k
R1 12k
R 2 12 k
voc
12V
voc
R2
12k
(12)
(12) 6V
R1 R2
12k 12k
R1 12k
R 2 12 k
R3 4k
RTH
RTH ( R1 R2 ) R3
RTH
Problem 7.FE-2
12k (12k )
4k 10k
12k 12k
RTH 10k
100 F
voc 6V
v0 (t )
10k x i(t) o v (t) 6

dv (t )
ic (t ) C o
dt
dv (t )
RTH C c v o (t ) voc
dt
v
dv o (t )
1
v o (t ) oc
RTH C
dt
RTH C
1
0
r
RTH C
1
r
RTH C
The natural solution is:
t
von (t ) Ae RTH C
t
von (t ) Ae 10 k (100 ) Ae t
The forced solution is:
vo f (t ) k
dv o f (t )
dt
RTH C
k voc
vo f (t ) 6V
voc
RTH C
vo (t ) 6 Ae t
vo (0) 0V
0 6 A
A 6
Problem 7.FE-2
vo (t ) 6 6e t V , t 0
vo (1) 6 6e 1
vo (1) 3.79V
Problem 7.FE-2
SOLUTION:
12 k
v c (0 )
12V
6k
6k
v c ( 0)
(12) 4V
6k 12k
The t 0 circuit:
vc (t )
6k
Problem 7.FE-3
vc (t ) 6kic (t ) 0
dv (t )
ic (t ) C c
dt
dv (t )
vc (t ) 6k (100 ) c
0
dt
dvc (t ) 1
vc (t ) 0
dt
0.6
1
r
0
0.6
1
r
0.6
t
vc (t ) Ae 0.6
vc (0) 4V
A4
t
vc (t ) 4e 0.6 V , t 0
t
0.5(4) 4e 0.6
t
1
e 0.6
2
1 t
ln
2 0.6
t 0.6 ln
t 0.416 s
Problem 7.FE-3
1
2
SOLUTION:
i L (0)
10V
i L ( 0 )
10
5A
2
Problem 7.FE-4
5A
voc
1A
1 2
6A
voc
2
voc 6 4V
3
Problem 7.FE-4
RTH
RTH 2 2 2 1 2
RTH
voc 4V
iL (t )
4H
di L (t ) 2
i L (t ) 4
dt
3
di L (t ) 1
i L (t ) 1
dt
6
1
r 0
6
1
r
6
4
i Ln (t ) Ae 6
i L f (t ) k
di L f (t )
0
dt
1
0 k 1
6
k 6
i L f (t ) 6
i L ( 0 ) 5 A
t
i L (t ) 6 Ae 6
56 A
A 1
t
i L (t ) 6 e 6 A, t 0
Problem 7.FE-4
SOLUTION:
i L (0)
3
1
12V

i L ( 0 )
12
3A
4
Problem 7.FE-5
iL (t )
R1
R2
Vs
di L (t )
R1 R2 i L (t ) Vs
dt
V
di L (t ) R1 R2
i L (t ) s
dt
L
L
R1 R2
0
r
L
R R2
r 1
L
L
i Ln (t ) Ae
i Ln (t ) Ae
R R
1 2 t
L
5
t
3
i L f (t ) k
di L f (t )
0
dt
5
0 k 4
3
12
k
5
i L (0 ) 3 A
5
t
12
i L (t ) Ae 3
5
3 2. 4 A
A 0. 6
i L (t ) 2.4 0.6e
Problem 7.FE-5
5
t
3
A, t 0
)A
>
ll
-j26.53W
"
x
x
"
_
"
>
''
2W
AC ANALYSIS
***************************************************************************************************************************
FREQ
IM(V_PRINT1)
4.000E+02
6.058E+00
IP(V_PRINT1)
-1.361E+01
SOLUTION:
j1
120V
+
40 V
j1
V0
-
j1
+
80 A
j1
V0
-
Chapter 8: AC Steady-State Analysis
Problem 8.FE-1
2( j1)
0.4 j 0.8
2 j1
I0
j1
80 A
0.4 j 0.8
80 1.6 j 4.8 A
I 0
0.4 j 0.8 1 j1
V0 1.6 j 4.81 5.06 71.6V
Problem 8.FE-1
SOLUTION:
text
2I x
V1
I1
j1
V2
V0
I2
120V
20 A
Ix
Problem 8.FE-2
V2 120V
V
Ix 1
j1
2I x I x I1 0
V V
V 120
2 1 1 1
0
1
j1 j1
2V1 V1 j1V1 j1(120) 0
j1(120)
V1
1.2 j 3.6V
3 j1
KCL at node 0:
2 I x I 2 20 0
V V V0
2 1 2
20 0
2
j1
1.2 j 3.6 120 V0

2
20 0
2
j1
V0 30.88.97V
Problem 8.FE-2
SOLUTION:
j 2
j1
I1
120V
2V0
I2
+
V0
I1 I I 2
I I1 I 2
KVL around the left loop:
120 2 I 1 j 2 I 2V0
V0 4I 2
(2 j 2) I 1 (8 j 2) I 2 120
KVL around the right loop:
2V0 j 2 I j1I 2 4 I 2
j 2 I 1 (4 j1) I 2 0
Problem 8.FE-3
Two equations and two unknowns:

(2 j 2) I 1 (8 j 2) I 2 120
j 2 I 1 (4 j1) I 2 0
It follows that:
I 1 4.2445 A
I 2 2.06 30.96 A
V0 4( 2.06 30.96)
V0 8.24 30.96V
Problem 8.FE-3
SOLUTION:
Z c is small at midband.
Vx
5k
5
Vs 5k 1k 6
V0
6k (12k )
40 x10 3
160
Vx
6k 12k
V0 V x V0

Vs Vs V x
5
160 133.33
6
Problem 8.FE-4
SOLUTION:
Is
60V
Zeq

(1 j1)(1 j3)
3 1.58 18.43 3 4.53 6.34
1 j1 1 j 3
60
Is
1.32456.34 A
4.53 6.34
Z eq
Problem 8.FE-5
j 1
Io
j 3
60 V
KVL around the outer loop:

60 3(1.32456.34) I 0 (1 j1)
I 0 1.4832.92 A
Problem 8.FE-5
>
I2
>I
>
-I
>
supplied
>I
O
|
39
2 x
1
2
\/
Unknown
element
SOLUTION:
From the power triangle:
Qold Pold tan old
Qold 120k tan 45 120k var

S old (120k j120k ) VA 17045 kVA
S new Pold jQnew
new cos 1 (0.95) 18.19

Qnew Pold tan new
Qnew 120k tan 18.19 39.43k var
S new 120k j 39.43k VA
S new 126.3118.19 kVA
S cap S new S old j80.57 kVA
Qcap CV 2
80.57 k 2 60(C )(480 2 )
C 928 F
Chapter 9: Steady State Power Analysis
Problem 9.FE-1
SOLUTION:
T
Vrms
1 2
v (t ) dt
T 0
Vrms
2
3
1
4
1 2
2
2
2
1 dt 2 dt 1 dt 0 dt
4 0
1
2
3
Vrms
Vrms
1 1
2
3
t 0 4t 1 t 2 0
4
1
1 (8 4) (3 2) 1.22V
4
Problem 9.FE-2
SOLUTION:
2
j1
j 2
ZTH

Z TH 2 j1 j 2 0.4 j1.2
*
Z L Z TH
0.4 j1.2
Problem 9.FE-3
SOLUTION:
36k
Vs
12k
1.414
Vs
10 V rms
2
36k
10 30 V rms
V0
12k
V0
The meter will read 3V.
Problem 9.FE-4
SOLUTION:
T
I rms
1 2
i (t ) dt
T 0
I rms
1
2
1 2
2
t dt (2) dt
2 0
1
I rms
1 1
(8 4) 1.47 A
2 3
2
P I rms
R (1.47) 2 ( 4) 8.64 W
Problem 9.FE-5
.
.
&
Ideal
1:1
1:2
Ideal
1:4
Ideal
2:1
SOLUTION:
M
4
24 0V
I1
j 5
j 8
j 2
I2
k=0.5
M k L1 L2 1H
240 I 1 (4 j 2) j 2 I 2
j 2 I 1 (5 j 3) I 2 0
I 1 4.92 19.75 A
I 2 1.6939.29 A
240
Z1
4.8819.75
4.92 19.75
Chapter 10: Magnetically Coupled Networks
Problem 10.FE-1
SOLUTION:
48 n 2
j 32n 2
j 2
R L 3
V2
Z TH 3 for maximum power transfer.

Reflecting the primary into the secondary:
Z TH 48n 2 j 32n 2 j 2 3
48n 2 j32n 2 j 2 3
1
if n :
4
Z TH
48
32
j 2 3
16
16
Problem 10.FE-2
I
RL 3
300V
300
50 A
6
1
1
PL I M2 RL (5) 2 (3) 37.5W
2
2
I
Problem 10.FE-2
SOLUTION:
1k
+
+
5k
Vs
4V x
100
Vx
10 k
Voc
5 4
Voc Vs
x10 4
6 100
1k
+
Vs
5k
Vx
4V x
100
10 k
I sc
5 4
I sc Vs
6 100
Find Rout of the amplifier:
5
V x Vs
6
Problem 10.FE-3
5 4
x10 4
Vs
V
6 100
10k
Rout oc
I sc
5 4
Vs
6 100
16a 2 10k
a 25
Problem 10.FE-3
SOLUTION:
Z1
ZL
2 2 (1 j1) 4 j 4
n2
1200
11.7711.31 A
6 j2 4 j4
I
I2 1
n
I 2 23.5411.31 A
I1
Problem 10.FE-4
SOLUTION:
I1
V1
Z1
ZL
n2
N
n 2 2
N1
10 j10
Z1
2.5 j 2.5
22
1200
I1
24 j 24 A
2.5 j 2.5
I
24 j 24
I2 1
n
2
I 2 12 j12 A 16.97 45 A
Z1
Problem 10.FE-5
I aA
>
>
3
AN
AN
an
PF
36
SOLUTION:
I 6 A rms
VR 84.85V rms
VL 84.85V rms
VR
I
VL
I
84.85
14.14
6
84.85
14.14
6
Z load 14.14 j14.14

2
S 3 3 I Z load
S 3 36 14.14 j14.14
2
S 3 2.1645 kVA
Chapter 11: Polyphase Circuits
Problem 11.FE-1
SOLUTION:
Z 12 j12
Finding the equivalent per-phase wye:
Z Y 4 j 4 5.6645
V AB 230 V rms
V AN
I aA
230
3
V AN
ZY
132.79V rms
132.79
23.5 A rms
5.66
P3 3 V AN I aA cos Z 3(132.79)(23.5) cos 45 6.62kW
Problem 11.FE-2
SOLUTION:
24 j18
8 j 6
3
6 j 4
ZY1
ZY 2
V AB 208V rms
V AN
208
120V rms
3
1200
I aN 1
12 36.87 A
8 j6
1200
I aN 2
16.64 33.69 A
6 j4
I aA I aN 1 I aN 2 28.63 35.02 A rms
Problem 11.FE-3
SOLUTION:
S 3 2430 kVA 20784.61 j12000 VA
P3 20.78kW
P1 6.93kW
Problem 11.FE-4
SOLUTION:
By use of the power triangle:
S 2 P2 Q2
Q S 2 P2
Q (100k ) 2 (90k ) 2
Q 43.59k var
Problem 11.FE-5
4w
/
-
-/
.
.
SOLUTION:
1
LC
1
1m(10 )
10,000
rad
s
1
1
Z ( j 0 )
60
60 90V
V0 ( j 0 ) 120 c
60
10,000(10 )90
0 C90
Chapter 12: Variable Frequency Network Performance
Problem 12. FE-1
SOLUTION:
BW
1
LC
1
20m(50 )
1000
rad
s
R
rad
200
L
s
R 200(20m) 4
Problem 12. FE-2
SOLUTION:
1
1
V0
ZC
jC
RC
Gv ( j )
1
1
VI Z C R
R j
jC
RC
at DC, Gv=1=0dB
at 3dB down,
1
RC
rad
1
200
s
(5k )(1 )
2f
f
31.83 32 Hz
2
Problem 12. FE-3
SOLUTION:
0
L
1
LC
1000
rad
s
1
1
100mH
2
0 C (1000) 2 (10 )
BW
R
rad
100
L
s
R 100m(100) 10
Problem 12. FE-4
SOLUTION:
f 8 Hz , 1 16
rad
s
1
j 2 k
jC
1
1
j C
RC
Gv ( j 1 )
1
1
R j
jC
RC
ZC
For f=8Hz and 1=16

V0
ZC
j 2000
G v ( j 1 )
0.707 45
VS
Z C R 2000 j 2000
Gv ( j16 ) 0.707 45
fC
1
1
7.96 8 Hz
2RC 2 (2k )(10 )
Problem 12. FE-5
C
C
C
C
t
sC
__________________________
<
A,
I2
SOLUTION:
V0 ( s )
12
12
s ( s 3s 2) s ( s 2)( s 1)
V0 ( s )
A
B
C
s s 2 s 1
12
A
B
C

s( s 2)( s 1) s s 2 s 1
let s=-1
12 C (1)(1)
C 12
let s=-2
12 B (2)(1)
B6
let s=0
12 2 A
A6
6
6
12
s s 2 s 1
v0 (t ) 6 6e 2t 12e t u (t ) V
V0 ( s )
Chapter 13: The Laplace Transform
Problem 13.FE-1
SOLUTION:
V0 ( s )
120
s( s 10)( s 20)
V0 ( s )
A
B
C
s s 10 s 20
120
A
B
C

s( s 10)( s 20) s s 10 s 20
let s=0
120 A(10)(20)
3
A
5
let s=-10
120 B(10)(10)
6
B
5
let s=-20
120 C (20)(10)
3
C
5
3
6
3
5 5
V0 ( s ) 5
s s 10 s 20
3
3 6
v0 (t ) e 10t e 20t u (t ) V
5
5
5
Problem 13.FE-2
3
3 6
v0 (100m) e 10 (100m ) e 20 (100 m )

5
5
5
v0 (100m) 0.24V
Problem 13.FE-2
SOLUTION:
V0 ( s )
12( s 2)
s ( s 1)( s 3)( s 4)
lim v 0 (t ) lim sV0 ( s )

t
s 0
lim v 0 (t ) lim
12( s 2)
( s 1)( s 3)( s 4)
lim v0 (t ) lim
12(2)
2V
(1)(3)(4)
s 0
s 0
Problem 13.FE-3
SOLUTION:
2s
V0 ( s )
( s 1) 2 ( s 4)
V0 ( s )
A
B
C
s 4 s 1 ( s 1) 2
2s
A
B
C
2
s 4 s 1 ( s 1) 2
( s 4)( s 1)
let s=-1
2(1) C (1 4)
2
C
3
let s=-4
2(4) A(4 1) 2
8
A
9
let s=0
0 A B (1)(4) 4C
8
B
9
8
8
2
3
V0 ( s ) 9 9
s 4 s 1 ( s 1) 2
8
2
8
v0 (t ) e 4t e t e t u (t ) V
9
3
9
Problem 13.FE-4
SOLUTION:
s 2 X ( s ) 6sX ( s ) 8 X ( s )
X (s)
2
( s 2)( s 4)( s 3)
X (s)
A
B
C
s2 s4 s3
2
s3
2
A
B
C
( s 2)( s 3)( s 4) s 2 s 4 s 3
let s=-3
2 C (3 2)(3 4)
C 2
let s=-4
2 B(4 2)(4 3)
B 1
let s=-2
2 A(2 3)(2 4)
A 1
X (s)
1
1
2
s2 s4 s3
Problem 13.FE-5
x(t ) e 2t e 4t 2e 3t u (t )
Problem 13.FE-5
V(s)
\/
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s) =
(s) =
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s) =
(s)
(s) =
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s) =
(s) =
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s) =
(s) =
(s) =
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s) =
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s) =
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s) =
(s)
(s)
(s) =
(s) =
(s) =
(s)
(s)
(s) =
(s) =
(s)
(s)
(s) =
(s)
(s) =
(s) =
(s) =
(s)
(s)
(s) =
(s)
(s) +
(s)
(s)
(s) =
(s) =
(s)
(s)
(s)
.
.
(s)
Using Thevenin's Theorem:
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
SOLUTION:
v f (t ) K 1
2 r 2 4r 4 0
r 2 2r 2 0
2 48
r
1 j1
2
v n (t ) K 2 e t cos t K 3 e t sin t
v(t ) K 1 K 2 e t cos t K 3 e t sin t
Chapter 14: Application of the Laplace Transform To Circuit Analysis
Problem 14.FE-1
SOLUTION:
4
I ( s) 2 sI ( s ) 2 I ( s )
s
4
V s ( s ) 2 s 2 I ( s )
s
V0 ( s ) 2 I ( s )
V (s)
I (s) 0
2
4
V ( s)
Vs ( s ) 2 s 2 0
s
2
V0 ( s )
s
2
Vs ( s ) s s 2
Vs ( s )
Problem 14.FE-2
SOLUTION:
s4
I s (s)
I 0 ( s)
s4 3
I 0 (s)
s( s 4)
2
I s (s) s 4s 3
Problem 14.FE-3
SOLUTION:
KVL:
4s
4
s 2 I (s)
s
s 1
I (s)
4s 2
( s 2 1)( s 2 2 s 4)
Problem 14.FE-4
SOLUTION:
KVL: Vs ( s ) 4 I ( s) 2 sI ( s )
Vs ( s ) (2 s 4) I ( s )
V0 ( s) 2 sI ( s)
V (s)
I (s) 0
2s
V s ( s ) ( 2 s 4)
V0 ( s )
2s
V0 ( s )
s
Vs ( s ) s 2
Problem 14.FE-5
bn = 0
.
l.
(s)
(s)
(s) =
(s) =
(s) =
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
o (s)
(s) =
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
(s)
.
-
- -
SOLUTION:
By observation, the waveform has odd symmetry. Therefore, an = 0 for all n due to
odd symmetry.
Chapter 15: Fourier Analysis Techniques
Problem 15.FE-1
SOLUTION:
By observation, the waveform has half-wave symmetry. Therefore, bn =0 for n even
due to half-wave symmetry and bn is nonzero for n odd.
Problem 15.FE-2
SOLUTION:
j
Vs (n )
V0 (n )
1 j
V0 (0) 0
j 2 30
0
V0 ( )
1
2
j
V0 ( ) 8.5426.57V
j 4 30
0
V0 (2 )
1
4
2
j
V0 (2 ) 4.6314.04V
j 6 30
0
V0 (3 )
1
6
3
j
V0 (3 ) 3.149.46V
j8 30
V0 (4 )
0
1
8
4
j
V0 (4 ) 2.377.13V
v0 (t ) 8.54 cos (2t 26.57) 4.63 cos(4t 14.04) 3.14 cos(6t 9.46) ... V
Problem 15.FE-3
SOLUTION:
I (n )
Vs
2 jn3.77
20
10 A
2
1060
I1
2.34 2.05 A
2 j 3.77
445
I3
0.35 34.97 A
2 j11.31
i (t ) 10 2.34 cos(377t 2.05) 0.35 cos(1131t 34.97) A
V I
P VDC I DC n n cos( vn in )
2
n 1
10(2.34)
4(0.35)
P 20(10)
cos(45 34.97)
cos(60 2.05)
2
2
P=205.61 W
I DC
Problem 15.FE-4
SOLUTION:
2
a0
1
1
10 dt 2 dt
40
42
1
10t 02 1 2t 42
4
4
1
1
a 0 (20) 2(4) (2)(2)
4
4
a 0 4V
a0
Problem 15.FE-5
<
SOLUTION:
I1 2 A , I 2 0
I 1 y11V1 y12V2
I 2 y 21V1 y 22V2
1
1
V1 V2 2
14
21
1
1
V1 V2 0
21
7
21V1 14V2 588
V1 3V2 0
V1 36V
V2 12V
Chapter 16: Two-Port Networks
Problem 16.FE-1
SOLUTION:
I 1 y11V1 y12V2
I 2 y 21V1 y 22V2
y11V1 y12V2 0
V1
y12
V2
y11
I 2 y 21 12 V2 y 22V2
y11
y y
I 2 V2 21 12 y 22
y11
V2
y11
I 2 y 21 y12 y11 y 22
1
14
9
1 1 1 1

21 21 14 7
Z TH
Z TH
Problem 16.FE-2
SOLUTION:
I
y11 1
V1
V2 0
3
V1
3
56
S
V1
56
2
V1
14 2 V
1
4
56
2
V1
2
1
56 S S
V1
56
28
V V
I2 2
4
y 21
I2
V1
V2 0
16
3
16
16
4
V 3 V2 V2 V2
16
28
7
4
3
4
0 V2
V1 V
1
7
V2
I1
16
16
28
1
V2
I1
1
y12
28 S
V1 V 0
V2
28
16 8
Problem 16.FE-3
4
V2 V2
V V
3
7
V2
I2 2
4
4
28
3
V2
I
3
y 22 2 28
S
28
V2
V2
Problem 16.FE-3
SOLUTION:
The 3 and 9 are in series.
9(12) 36
9 12 7
12
4
I
( I1 ) I1
12 9
7
4
12
V2 3I 3 I 1 I 1
7 7
12
I1
V
12
7

z 21 2
I1 I 0
I1
7
z11
3
3
1
I
I2 I2
(I 2 )
3 18
21
7
1 12
V1 12 I 12 I 2 I 2
7 7
12
I2
V1
12
7

z12
I 2 I 0
I2
7
1
z 22
3(18) 18

3 18 7
Problem 16.FE-4
SOLUTION:
h11 2 4 8
28
4
I 1
42
2
I 2 I1
3
I2
I
h21 2
I1
I2
V2 0
2
I1
3 2
I1
3
V2
V
2
24 6
I
h22 2
V2
I1 0
V2
1
6 S
V2 6
V 2
V1 4 I 2 4 2 V2
6 3
2
V2
V1
2
3
h12
V2 I 0
V2
3
1
Problem 16.FE-5

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2.88 Given I"

2 mA in the network in Fig. P2.88,

VA ::. -2,h - 2-D

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E

Req = { [[(8 + 2) 10] + 1]

Chapter 2: Resistive Circuits

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E

Chapter 4: Operational Amplifiers

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E

The correct answer is b.

Chapter 4: Operational Amplifiers

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E

The correct answer is a.

Chapter 4: Operational Amplifiers

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E

R f = (50 1)5k = 245k

Chapter 4: Operational Amplifiers

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E

The correct answer is c.

Chapter 4: Operational Amplifiers

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E

Chapter 4: Operational Amplifiers

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E

Chapter 5: Additional Analysis Techniques

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E

Chapter 5: Additional Analysis Techniques

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E

Chapter 5: Additional Analysis Techniques

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E

Chapter 5: Additional Analysis Techniques

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E

Chapter 5: Additional Analysis Techniques

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E

Chapter 5: Additional Analysis Techniques

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E

Chapter 5: Additional Analysis Techniques

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E

Chapter 5: Additional Analysis Techniques

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E

The correct answer is d.

Chapter 5: Additional Analysis Techniques

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E

Chapter 5: Additional Analysis Techniques

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E

R L RTH for maximum power.

Chapter 5: Additional Analysis Techniques

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E

The correct answer is c.

Chapter 5: Additional Analysis Techniques

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E

Chapter 5: Additional Analysis Techniques

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E

The correct answer is a.

Chapter 5: Additional Analysis Techniques

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E

Chapter 5: Additional Analysis Techniques

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E

The correct answer is c.

Chapter 5: Additional Analysis Techniques

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E

Chapter 5: Additional Analysis Techniques

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 9/E

Chapter 5: Additional Analysis Techniques