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In the two circuits shown in Fig 2 (a), N is the same 2-port network containing linear
resistors. From the terminal conditions given in the first figure, deduce the current I in the
second figure. IfNi s symmetrical, find also the power dissipated in it in the second case.

2A

....

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(b)

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~..

A hnear !-port network wtth zero tnttlal stored lti


~ current of 5 + 6t- e-2t
amperes when connected to a voltage source of 4
c
t ~ 0, What would be the rms
value of current and the power taken by the s
aer steady state when exctted by
a sinusoidal voltage source of 8 V rms value
equency oo of rad/sec. ?
Four infinitely long parallel cylindrical
direction, have their axes pas sing thro
and cany currents as specified (c-. - .
Calculate the magnetic field at th

Cond111:tor

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(c)

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(a)

f radius r oriented in the z-coordinate


uct
I ane at the points indicated n the table below
sitive z-direction being considered positive).
d discuss its nature. r << a.

~Y Coordinates

of

the axis
0. a

A c

formed by two parallel circular pi ates of A m2 area with a separation of d m.


employed is lossy, with a conductivity cr and dielectric constant q. The
harged to a potential of V0 and isolated from the source at t ~ 0. Find
ions for the conduction and displacement current densities in the dielectric fort;:: 0.
will be the magnetic field in the dielectric during this period ?

(b)

I
I

II
II~?

(a)

A Plane sinusoidal electromagnetic w<Ne tr<Nels in free space in the z-direction. Given that
Fi~ 0.8 cos (oo t-~z)l+ 0.8 sin (oot-~z) j
where I and T are unit vectors in x and y directions, find the corresponding electric field
vector E and the Poynting vector. What type of polarization does this w<Ne h<Ne ?

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(i)

Permanent magnet moving coil type meter with centre zero

(ii)

Full wave rectifier type a. c. voltmeter

(iii)

Moving iron voltmeter

(iv)

Shunt-diode type rectifier-amplifier ac. voltmeter

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of'

Describe the essential constructional fetf..e: { l ;op erti es of metallic strain gauges.
Indicate how strain gauges may b~ure the axial force transmitted by a rod of
square cross sectton.
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(c)

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Aperiodic voltage having the waveform shown in Fig 4 (b) is applied to the followj~li:(P
of voltmeters. Assuming the meters to function ideally, deduce the reading in ea
connections to the meter terminals are interchanged, state for each case if th
w
change in the reading.

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(b)

(a)

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5.

~...C110NB
Answer any three of th~g:
Give b:._~_lanfon in support of the following statements:
~ND'

(i)

~llators requiring high frequency stability employ crystals.

(b)

(d)

gate is one of the mast widely used logic gates.

V/400 V, 2 kVA single phase transformer has 5% impedance. If it is connected as a


140 0 V autotransformer, deduce from fundamentals its kVA rating and percentage
ance as an autotransfOrmer.

Find an expression for the maximum steady state power output of a d. c. shunt motor with an
armature resistance R., if the applied voltage V' and the shunt field current ace kept constant.
Neglect rotational losses and assume that the theoretical maximum power output will not
overload the motor.
Give brief explanations of the following statements
(i)

Semiconductor devices made of silicon can be operated at higher temperatures than


those made of germanium.

(ii)

From a knowledge of the variation of die! ectric constant at different temperatures, for
static field conditions, the contribution of the orientational p olarizabili ty to the total
static polarizability of a dielectric can be deduced .

...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................:)

(a)

Find the common mode rejection ratio of the simple differential amplifier shown in Fig 6 (a).
Assume that the JFET' s are identical and have ~ = 3 mS and rd = 40 kO. Take RD = I 0 kO
and Rs = 20 kO.

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6.

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-V [li)

Assume that the OP-AMPS in the circuit of Fig 6 (b)q ;aJ+show that

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(b)

.Compute the value of M in terms of the component v6


"frequency dependent negative resistor'' given to this ircui

flj

ddt~
2

rcui t and justify the name

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1=

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I hg. (,(1;\1

(a)

Draw an astable m bra " circuit employing two BJT' s in the common emitter
configuration and denv~ expression for the frequency of its oscillation, taking the
mark/space rati~<Jeform to be I.
Sketch on the
e r of axes, the torque-speed characteristics of a typical 3 -phase
induction otor un er the following operating conditions. Neglect stator impedance. Mark
the tor.
d s"teed values of salient points on the characteri sties. Explain your answer
bri
.

7.

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(c)

~.,. _.~<

a! operation

(iii)

Rotor resistance doubled, other quantities remaining the same as under normal
operation
Applied voltage and frequency halved, all other quantities remaining the same as
under normal operation.

(b)

A 22 0 V d. c. shunt motor has an armature resistance of 0. 5 0 and field circuit resistance of


2 20 0. It takes a line current of 41 A when delivering fulllo ad torque. If it is desired to raise
the speed by 6 0 percent with the I oad torque remaining constant, find the additional
resistance to be inserted in the field circuit. Assume linear magnetisati on characteristic.

(c)

A 3-phase synchronous motor has 80% synchronous reactance and negligible resistance,
When connected to busb ars at rated voltage and the excitation adjusted for an e.m. f. of 120%,
the machine draws an input kVA of I 00% Find the mechanical power delivered by the
motor, neglecting all losses. If for the same load on the motor, the excitation is reduced to
generate an e.m.f. of I 00%, what would be the inputkVA?

(a)

A 3 -phase turbo -a! ternator with a synchronous reactance of I 0 0 per phase and negligible
armature resistance is connected to II kV constant-voltage, constant-frequency busbars and
supplies I 0 0 A at unity p. f. to the system. If the turbine power is kept constant and the
excitation of the alternator is increased by 25%, what would be the new current and p. f. ?
Make appropriate asswnptions.

(b)

A I 00 kVA II kV/ 4 00 V, 3-phase transformer has its maximwn possible efficiency of 98%,
when it delivers 80 kVA at unity p.f. and rated voltage. The maximum possible voltage
regulation 61 the transformer is 4%. Find the efficiency and voltage regulation of the
transformer for rated kVA output at 0.8 p.f.lagging.
~

(c)

A rectangular metal strip carries a current of 50 A in the x-direction and is su ~ t_~ ~;


magnetic field of I tesla in the z-direction. The thickness of the strip in the z~~ cti s 0.5
mm. What would be the direction of tile Hall voltage? If the latter has ~ e o 125
ILV, find the nwnber of conduction electrons per m3 in the metal.
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ll(s)

Tl(<)

Find the steady state error due to (i) step input and (ii) ramp input.

(20)

3.

G1ve a schematic d1agram and explam the operation of a synchro-error detector

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(c)

(a)

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X=AX+BU

A=[:

a [~]
B=

ce

Where

and u(t) is a unit step function at t = 0 and X(O) = [I 0] T

A system has

(20)

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(20)

What 1s a chof:L-J-:1ve vanous configurations of chopper for operation m d1fferent


quadrants xplai~ eratlon of each configuration

(a)

Fmd the mtersectlon of the root-loa wtth the

Explam wtth the he~


p o ab~agram the pnnc1ple of state feedback control D1scuss
pole-pi acement dest
through state vanabl e feedback

4.

abl

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What value of K makes the syste


1magmaty ax1s

(c)

(20)

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(b)

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reactance per phase is operating in the inverting mode at a firing advance angle of
.
cui ate the mean generator voltage when the current is level at 8 0 A. The thyristor
age drop is 1.5 V.

(20)

Draw and explain vacuum tube oscillator and S CR inverter circuits for converting electrical
energy at low frequency to energy at high frequency suitab! e for induction heating. Why are
vacuum tube oscillators less efficient as compared to SCR?

(20)

SECnONB
Qttemon 5 is compulsory.
5.

Comment with justification on the correctness or otherwise of any three of the following statements,
restricting your answer to within 2 00 words for each
(20x3=60)
Oscillations take place in a synchronous machine if there is a sudden change in load, which
can be minimized by damper windings.

(b)

A cross-fie! d machine may behave as a constant voltage or a constant curre


depending upon the degree of compensation.

(c)

Transient stability of a synchronous generator may be improved by using _- -..,....-.._


breakers.

(d)

Ward-Leonard method of speed control of a d. c. motor, provides as oo


directions.

(a)

Distinguish between singly -excited and doubly-excited ma~


system.

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6.

(a)

CJ
fJi

Lu = (1.1 + 0.4 cos 28)


~2 = (0.03 + 0.005 cos 28)

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In a doubly-excited rotary machine, the inductance coeffici tc

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L12=0.2cos8
~
The exciting currents are i 1 - 8 A and i2
0 .
relation. Derive the expression usecl. i an

(c)

7.

(a)

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(20)

D1scuss speed control of: r 6


r
mductlon motor by lnJ ectmg voltage mfo 1ts rotor
CirCUit Draw and explatn
c
e phasor eli agram of the motor wtth lnJ ected e m f

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(b)

btain the torque/angular displacement

G1ve the cons~


reluctance stepp -

es, pnna pie of operation and applications of a vanabl e

Dr~
awplat+a 3-phase bndge rectifier c1rcwt for converting a c

(20)
mto d c for HVDC

transm1

(20)

nnected rectifier 1s fed from 220 kV/110 kV transformer wtth pnmary connected
kV Detemune the d c output voltage when the commutation angle 1s 20 and the

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(20)

Explain what you understand by positive, negative and zero sequence voltage or current.
A generator is subjected to a sustained fault with phases B and C short circuited and
connected to neutral. Show that the zero-sequence impedance may be determined by
Z, =

V. , where V, is the voltage from the unfaulted conductor to neutral and I, is the neutral

I.
current.

(20)

(c)

Differentiate between type tests and routine tests. Briefly explain the eli fferent tests to be
carried out to prove the ability of a circuit breaker.

(20)
8.

(a)

Explain the effect of change of (i) excitation, and (ii) prime-mover input of a synchronous
generator connected to an infinite bus.

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A turbo- alternator having a reactance of I 0 ohms has an armature current of 2 00 A at unity


power factor, when running on 1100 0 V, constant frequency bus-bars, If the prime-mover
t and
input is not changed but the e.m. f. is raised by 2 0%, find the value of armature c
power factor.

(b)

are correct or

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(c)

10.

(c)

Explain the concept of the noise triangle. What is pre-emphasis? Why is it used?

(15)
(d)

What is a directional coupler? Define directivity and directional coupling and give their
significance.

(15)
11.

(a)

Describe with the he! p of a block diagram, the arrangement of a typical high power pulsed
radar set. Give the function of each block.

(20)
(b)

Explain ISDN and LAN. What is X-25 interface protocol? Explain its function and use.

(20)
(c)

An aerial array consists of 12 vertical aerials in a straight line spaced half a wave-length apart
and equally energised in phase. Deduce the angular width of the forward b earn in the
horizontal plane.

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(20)

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