A INDUSTRIAL PROJECT REPORT

On
ANALYSIS ON CHANIGING TREND OF MOBILE HANDSET IN
LUCKNOW CITY
Towards partial fulfillment of
Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA)
School of Management, BabuBanarasi Das University, Lucknow
School of Management

Babu Banarasi Das University

Submitted by

Under Guidance of

ABUTALIB
BBA (6th Semester)
Roll no. 111067

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all I thank God for giving me this wonderful opportunity to undertake
this research which is a part of my MBA program.
I would like to sincerely thank for giving me the wonderful opportunity to
work under their able guidance and support throughout my research.
I would also like to thank Mr. my colleagues and friends for rendering their
help to me in this research.
Last but not the least, I thank my parents for their prayers, help and advice
which helped me a lot to complete this dissertation report.

ABUTALIB
BBA (6th Semester)
Roll no. 111067

LIST OF CONTENTS

1.

PREFACE

2.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

3.

INTRODUCTION

4.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

5.

COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS OF

INFORMATION

6.

PROJECT FINDING AND

RECOMMENDATIONS

7.

ANNEXURE

8.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

PREFACE
This project is the outcome of my study on Analysis of changing trends in
mobile handsets in Lucknow city
Now a day the mobile phone has been a basic necessity of every one for having a
smooth move of life .without mobile phone we cannot imagine ourselves as a
complete person. Even very low wage earners also want to have a mobile phone.
But most of the people are confused in choosing best handset while they go for
purchase.
In this research I will try to find out that which brand is providing better
satisfaction to customers and also try to find out all the problems faced by
customers point of view. Introduce people about the some latest function and study
on CDMA phone connection. My objective is give information about Mobile
Handset, so that they can easily identify their handsets without having any
problems. This report is also helpful for mobile manufacturer so they understand
customers need and requirement.

INTRODUCTION
This report provides extensive research and objective analysis on the growing
marketplace for Indian Mobile handset industry, its technologies and impact on the
market. This report helps clients to analyze the opportunities critical to the success
of the growing Mobile Handset Market in Lucknow .It also helps in examining the
regulatory issues and telecom policies for Mobile Handset Industry in Lucknow.
All world in the palm because of Mobile Handsets in modern age. People
came communicate to anyone from anywhere very conventionally. It becomes a
part of life .Without it people feel incomplete himself. Who do not have mobile
wish to get it as soon as possible even they are rich or poor.
There are many people live in the world. They have different needs and want.
So it divides into two categories. First need based customer. who buy product when
they feel needs and second category based on desire

based customer, who buy

product because of they desire to buy product of fashion, new technology , hobby
etc .Mobile handsets manufacture consider both categories and manufacture
Handset according to its .They give wide range of Mobile Handsets for everyone
even they are students, farmers, businessmen, executive, professionals, motor
driver etc. Mobile Handsets manufacture get advantage from people those are
interested in latest mobile handsets with latest technology, new functions and looks
and they change their mobile handsets day to day. They also consider those people
who need only mobile handsets and they do not pose their handsets.
Mobile manufactures give more to their customer by technological development
and research in mobile handsets.

Mobile manufacture give more to there customer by technological

development and research in mobile handsets, due to technology development and
wide range of price and attributes, customer become confused that which is better
one for their purpose. Another reason is their financial condition. Product offers,
advertisements, fashion etc.
Many companies come in mobile handset manufacturing industries for
take befits and compete the competition. The major players in India are Nokia,
Samsung, Motorola, Lg, Sony Ericsson etc.

In my research I try to find out the market share of these companies and what are
the main reasons to buy these particular brandss mobile handset. My research also
analyzes the problem faced by customer in their handset and services. This
research report gives information about the price list of latest mobile handsets and
function and other value add service given with mobile handsets. This research
gives knowledge of some latest technological service
Support device and new function such as Bluetooth, CDMA, GSM, MMS, and
Multimedia etc.
My research is helpful to decide the best mobile handset to customer.

GROWTH OF MOBILE INDUSTRY IN INDIA_

India is one of the fastest growing mobile markets in world. India to become third
largest population in world by 2007 as middle class go Mobile, while china has
number one and us in second position in mobile subscription
The growth of mobile industries began in 1995 when first time launched
mobile services commercially.05 million to .1 million-subscriber addition in
December 2001. Number of subscribers increase to 10.5 million in 2004 around 2
million monthly mobile subscriber addition. The growth rate increase higher in
2005 with 26 million people added in a month .Growth rate of mobile subscriber
base is going high every year. Data collected from annual report 2007, Department
of telecommunication (DOT), India, Shows growth of mobile subscribes has skyrocked in last 6 years.
Year
2001

Subscriber(million)
76

2002

79

2003

82

2004

85

2005

87

2006

89

2007

93

2008

95

2009

99

2010

100

2011

120

2012

125

2013

130
9

More than two-third of mobile subscription is with GSM handsets.75.94 million

people become the mobile subscriber till 2001. 58.49 million People have CDMA
base.
Mobile phone user increase with 86% while 11% people have fixed
Phone .The percentage of fixed phone going down day to day because mobile
Phones are easily available in the market. Mobile phone is no more a luxury, but a
necessity even a auto rickshaw driver owns a mobile now.
India is well poised for a strong growth in the telecomm sector in the coming
year due to expanding middle class. Mobile subscriber base in middle class in 2006
is 55 million reached to 200 million in 2015 says department of telecommunication
(DOT), INDIA. Market value of mobile is 5 million in 2004 Increase to 24 million
due to middle class.
Seeing above growth mobile manufacture give high interest to develop
handsets with research and technological development in handset .Mobile
manufacturer give more features and attributes in their handsets such as camera with
zoom, cyber shot camera interface ,video streaming ,internet browsing ,FM radio,
Music Kit that includes music management software,
USB cable and stereo handset, Bluetooth, infrared, email, mp3, high memory space,
one-touch navigation, speakerphone , high storage for contacts and SMS etc. Mobile
manufacturer also give attention to its physical attributes such as system, size
weight, battery back-up (talk time and stand by mode), screen black & white or
color, size, body color etc.

Mobile music10

Mobile music comprising of ring tones caller ring back and music clipping in
registering a growth of 40%-50%.Mobile music industry is expected to be $156
million mid next year bigger than conventional music industry.
Mobile video & animation clips-Indian is crazy about Bollywood movies and music.
Today there are 10.20.30 second music video clips available for download and will
soon expand to include movie trailer sports highlights animation.
Mobile gaming according to the projection as many as 78.6 million people will be
playing mobile game by 2009 and game download will have increased more than ten
fold from current levels.
Mobile e-mail mobile users send and receive email and took into corporate
computer networks email is expected on every 4th phone to be sold in next 4 years.

Key Player In Mobile Industries In India

11

Finished handset Nokia retain to position in Indian GSM phone market with 79%
market share while US giant Motorola has 7% market share. Motorola has been
able to significantly improve it share by 7% this year from 3% in 2006. It said the
US Company is gain was possible the loss of South Korean hand set maker
Samsung, whose market share dropped to 4% in 2006 from 6% a year ago.
In CDMA market LG has consolidated its position as the market leader with
49% market share this against 43% in 2005.
Market share of major plays in Indian market
1) NOKIA

55%

2) LG

11.80%

3) SAMSUNG

10.50%

4) MOTOROLA

8.60%

5) SONY ERICSSION

3.40%

6) OTHERS

10.70%

(Other include: Panasonic, Bird, Siemens, Philips, Blackberry, hair)

Brief Introduction of Mobile connection with CDMA

IN India

12

In 1995 when mobile service launched in India commercially, it is luxury product

for the people. Very few people have mobile but to avail the mobile phone mobile
industries introduce many schemes. Dheeru Bhai Ambani says he avail mobile
phone to every Indian. He introduces connection with CDMA phone. It is very
popular in India. Still many people far from mobile phones because they were not
effort mobile handset price and monthly rental charges. There by mobile service
provider out of these segments.
Reliance India communication introduce 2 year free incoming scheme with
Rs.1800 talk time free connection. Many people had mobile by that scheme.
Another player in this field are TATA INDICOMM, AIRTEL. They
Give connection with CDMA handsets and other schemes.
Reliance is the leader in this field with 70% market share, TATA INDICOMM has
18% market share and Airtel has 12% market share.

Service
provider
Reliance
Tata Indicom
Airtel

Handset
maker
Nokia, Lg,
classic
Motorola,
Haier, keusera
Motorola,
Birds, Nokia

Bonus talk time

RS.1000

Validity
period
10 MONTH

RS.500,RS.1000

1 YEAR

RS.1500

2YEAR

Why people purchase it

There are three main reasons to buy connection with CDMA phone.
13

1. Low Price-every one can purchase it.

2. Bonus talks time-save income by using bonus talktime.
3. Free incoming-people are tension free from monthly recharge

14

Problem faced by customer in CDMA phone connection

1. No option to change mobile handset.

2. No option to charge mobile connection.
3. Limited range of handset.
4. Not stylist and attractive handsets.
5. Some scheme not for this kind of schemes.
6. Low battery back up.
7. Short battery back up.
8. Internal Heating.
9. Signal fluctuation.
10. Conditions apply.

15

OBJECTIVES
1. To find out market share of selected brand in Lucknow city.
2. Analyze product offers function & durability.
3. To find out the problems faced by the customer with hand sets.
4. Consumer awareness of latest technology & service support in
handsets.

5. Study the sates pattern of handsets being provided with

Connection by the telecom service.

16

17

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research methodology is the procedure adopted for conduction the research study.
Research methodology should be carefully planned as the accuracy. Reliability and
adequacy of results depend on research methodology followed. It gives the
researchers a guideline by which he can decide which Techniques and procedure
will be applicable to a give problem. Moreover it helps in the evaluation of
research by others also. So, for the research to be successful, purposeful and
effective the researcher should plan the research methodology before preceding the
research study. The following should be the aspects, which should be considered
while designing a research methodology.

RESEARCH DESIGN:
Research design is simply the framework or plan for a study which is used
as a guide in collecting and analyzing the data. It is the blue print that is followed
in completing a study. As objective of the research is descriptive in form, the
research design must be made accordingly;
Formulating objective of the study.
Design the method of data collection.
Selecting the sample size.
Collection of data.
Analysis & findings.
Conclusion and inferences
Limitations
Suggestion and Recommendation.
18

Type of research:
The type of research is Descriptive Research because its not a very new issue. A
lot of work already had been done in this regard.

Data Information:
Primary Data
Primary data is data, which is collected initially for the first time. It helps in the
validation of secondary data from secondary sources. It is original in nature and
it may include the following methods.

o Through Questionnaires:Standardized questionnaires were framed out in order to get data

about the mobile handset and customers. This information filled by
Mobile users.

o Through Personal InteractionPeople disclosed their experience when they were asked to give
suggestion. Also they told about the problems they were
facing.

19

 Secondary dataSecondary data is the detail that which are available in the from of
Face and figures. The sources of secondary data are.
1) Websites
2) Magazines
3) Journals
4) Books
5) Pamplets
6) Newspapers

Research Instrument or Tool used:

Questionnaire:
Questionnaire includes a set of questions, which are
Relation to the study objective, and from which help in analyzing the result
can be inferred easily.

20

Analysis:
Analysis of data is done through a process which includes certain steps follows:

1. Editing
2. Coding
3. Classification
4. Tabulation
Finally the data and inferences can be represented well with the help of pi-charts.

Sample Plan:
1. Type of Universe: the type of universe selected in sample design by
is finite

2. Sample unit: sampling unit in the research project is mobile customers,

dealers, teleshop keepers.

3. Sample size: the optimum sample size taken here and covered in this
project is that of 50 people which was enough to depict representative-ness
reliability and efficiency.

4. Sample Area: Lucknow city

5. Sampling: I will prefer random sampling because the shops and customers
found everywhere.

21

Scheduling:
1. Specify the information required in five days.
2. Developing a research instrument in seven days.
3. Gathering the information in fifteen days.
4. Analyzing and interpreting it in term of problem being tackled in
seven days.

5. Summarizing the findings in ten days.

6. Preparing a research report in seven days.
Total research report completed in fifty-five days.

22

Some Latest Mobile Functions

Speed Dialing
Cellular phone is very common communication device in India now .with lowering
of prices more and more people are using cellular phones these days
For keeping themselves in touch with family, friends, colleagues, business
associates, customers etc. While most of us use cellphones for making or receiving
calls and messaging, we found out that a large percentage of users either dont know
or simply cant use many very simple cellular phone features which are very useful
and convenient for them. One such feature is speed dialing.
Speed dialing feature is available in almost all handsets. This feature helps you to
dial most frequently used numbers by pressing a single key. You can assign nine key
numbers for speed dials in most phone .for example you can assign key 1 for home,
2 for office, 3 for spouse etc. The above stated procedure may vary a little in
different mobile handset models, but as you have the idea now I hope you will able
to assign the keys. Once you have assigned the key numbers, to use speed dials: Just
press say 1 and select call the cellular phone will automatically dial the phone
number

you

have

assigned

to

key. Similarly you can use other key

numbers for dialing by pressing a single key.

23

Short Message service(SMS)

The two-way mobile text messaging is fast becoming very popular made of
communication throughout the world. Its often called texting these days. The
reason for its popularity is that it is very economical and sometimes free. You can
send and receive text messages from your cellular phone to/from another
cellphone .Your message can be upto 160 characters long and can be keyed in from
your handset. You can send longer text message by sending multiple messages.
Same message can be sent to number of people also. First
you need to configure your mobile by entering service centre number .which you
can find out from customer care of your service provider. This is required once only.
You will get a confirmation when you send a message. If your client is out of the
service area or the cellular phone is switched off, the message is stored. Message can
be stored for upto three days. Your client will receive messages on switching on the
handset or on returning back to service area.
Voice Mail Service
Voice Mail Service acts as your personal answering machine that records voice
messages whenever you are unable to take a call like

when your phone is switched off

busy
battery is down
outside coverage area

24

Call-Divert
This feature allows you to divert an incoming call to a landline or to any cellular.
This way you dont miss out on any important incoming calls. Calls can be diverted
when you are busy, unavailable or traveling. The call can be diverted to any landline
or cellular within the service providers network area. Calls cannot be diverted to a
cellular of another service provider.
Options: You can choose from 4 types of call divert service.

1.

Call Divert on not reachable: Diverts calls automatically to your

chosen number when you cannot be reached .Such as when your phone is
out of network coverage, has a no battery charge or is turned off.

2.

Call Divert on busy: Diverts call automatically to your chosen

number when your phone is engaged.

3.

Call Divert on all calls: Divert all calls to your chosen number. If
this option is set, you will not receive any calls on your mobile phone till
you have cancel call divert all calls facility.

4.

Call Divert if no reply: Divert calls to your chosen number when

you do not answer the phone for a specified number of rings, (you can define
the number of rings).

25

Call Barring
This feature allows you to bar incoming and outgoing calls using a four-digit
password selected by you. This is a security measure to prevent the possible misuse
of your cellular phone .This feature will work only if the call divert feature is deactivated. You can selectively bar outgoing STD calls. This is handset dependent
feature. Refer your handset manual for more detail.

Call waiting / Call Hold

Call waiting:
If you are on cell and somebody else calls your number, your call-waiting feature
alerts you with a special audible tone. You then have
the option to either put the call-in progress on hold ,and answer the new call or reject
the incoming call.

Call Hold :
The service allows you to put an on-going conversation on hold, and call another
party or receive call from another party; you may switch between the two parties at
any times.

26

Caller Line Identification Presentation(CLIP)

CLIP lets you know the phone number of the calling party everytime you receive
a call. This gives you the flexibility to find out who is calling before either
rejecting the call or answering it.
You can also save this number directly in handset phone book.
It also helps you recognize missed calls.
Name of the calling party will flash on the handset if same is available in your
handsets phone book.

Caller Line Identification Restriction (CLIR)

This feature enables you to restrict your cellular number from being displayed on the
receivers cellular phone. It helps you maintain complete confidentiality of your
number. If you dont want others to know your number, you can use CLIR service
.By using this service, your cellular number will not be displayed on the phone
screen of the people you call even if they have CLIP activated on their sim card.
You can call up customer care of your service provider to get CLIP or CLIR
activated or deactivated on your Sim card.

GSM vs CDMA

27

GSM and CDMA are the two main competing network technologies deployed by
cellular service provider world over. Understanding the
Pros and cons of both the technologies will help you make right decision according
to your requirement. GSM (Global system for mobile communications) originated in
Europe in1990. The GSM Association is an international organization founded
in1987, dedicated to developing, providing standard of GSM .while CDMA (Code
Division Multiple Access) is a proprietary standard designed by Qualcomm Inc in
United states and has been the dominant network standard for North America and
parts of Asia. It became an international standard in 1995. However now, GSM
networks have penetrated the United State and the CDMA networks have spread in
other parts of the world. People of both the camps claim that their architecture is
superior to other.

The Technology:
Mobile personal communication systems use microwave frequencies above 800
MHz for transmission and reception .All service Providers operate in some pre
allocated frequency bands according to international standards. For operating in
these microwave frequencies there are following access methods:
FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access)- FDMA puts each call on a
separate frequency.
TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) - TDMA assigns each call and
Spreads it over available frequencies.

28

GSM is global standard based on TDMA. It is very popular in entire Europe. Middle
East and Asia while CDMA is dominated technology in united states and some parts
of

Asia . But how does it effects the ultimate consumer? I hope following

consideration may be helpful.

GSM

CDMA

1. 1. In case of GSM you can choose

1. Handset is network locked. You

a handset separately from a wide

buy a package from the service

variety available be the market .It

provider like Reliance or Tata

should

Indicom that includes a handset and

be

GSM

900/1800

compatible for use in India.

a pre-paid or post-paid plan.

Then buy a pre-paid or post-paid

Earlier it was difficult to change the

SIM

Identity

handset and keep the same number

Module that contains user account

but now to change a Reliance

information) from any of the GSM

handset in future, you just need a

service providers like Airtel, Hutch,

handset change card costing a

Idea, MTNL, BSNL, Aircel, spice

nominal amount.

card

(Subscriber

etc. Just insert this SIM into your

handset and start talking.

T-SIM enabled handsets of Tata

Indicom can be changed easily.

2.A very large range of handset to

2. Choice of handsets is limited to

choose from as the big handset

the models offered by the service

companies like Nokia, Motorola ,

provider. Although both Reliance

Sony ericsson, LG ,Samsung etc.

and Tata have now a range of entry

Are

level, mid-segment and features

Marketing

their

product

29

through independent

rich advance handsets available

distribution and retail network.

with them.

3. You can easily change the

3.

service provider and continue with

provider and continue with same

the same handset.

handset. It could be technically

4. In GSM different frequencies are

possible but not essay.

4. Voice clarity is supposed to be

used across different cells but that

better in CDMA network as it uses

does not mean that voice clarity is

same frequency across all cells.

You

cant

change

service

necessarily compromised. Actually

it depends upon
5. EDGE (Enhanced data rates for

5.

GSM Evolution) enabled GSM

traditionally

network are comparable in terms of

CDMA. BREW (Binary runtime

downloads speed. Please note an

environment

EDGE enabled handset is also

technology which is exclusive to

required.

CDMA networks enables faster

6. GSM service providers are better

data downloads.
6. Check for international roaming

networked

offer

tie ups if you travel abroad

international roaming. But you

frequently. Also check for the

must check for roaming. Call rates

coverage in the region where you

and coverage in the regions or

intend to use your cellphone within

countries

India.

globally

where

to

you

visit

Data

transfer
more
for

in

speed

is

case

of

wireless)

frequently.
Tata is soon launching T-SIM to
enable international roaming with
one world one number concept.
30

7. If you travel to other countries

7. CDMA phones that are not card-

you can even use same GSM cell

enabled do not this capability.

phone abroad if it is a quad-band

phone (850/900/1800/1900 MHz).
By purchasing a local SIM card
with call value and a local number
in the country you are visiting, you
can make calls against the card to
save yourself international roaming
from your home service provider.

Also you must consider the following while selecting a service

provider.
1. First of all you must check which service providers are providing services in the
areas where you will be using your phone.

2. If you want National or International Roaming then also check whether the
service provider you have chosen facilitates roaming in the regions or countries
where you visit frequently.

3. Cost of owning a handset.

4. Cost of having a connection.
5. Fixed monthly expenses.
31

6. Usage charges.
7. Also it is helpful to check with the people using mobile in your area for the
quality of service.

Location Based Services(LBS)

Knowledge of the location of user is the most asset of wireless service provider.
Using the information a service provider can offer several very useful valueadded service to its subscribers to not only gain customer loyalty but also
increase its profitability. Such services which on location of mobile user are
known as Location based services ( LBS).
The technology behind LBS is positioning and the most widely recognized
system for this is global positioning system (GPS). However there are other
means of positioning in addition to GPS, such as network from cell from cell
sites serving a mobile phone. The serving cell site can be used as abroad location
of the user.
Then the Geographic Information System (GIS) provides the tools to administer
base map data such as man made structure (Streets, buildings) and terrain
(mountain, rivers). GIS is also used to manage point-of-interest data such as
location of hospitals

, petrol pump restaurants, etc. GIS information also

includes information about the radio frequency characteristic of the mobile

network .This allows the system to determine the serving cell site of the user.
32

It is not enough to able to position the mobile user and know the map data around
that position. There must be a location management function to process
positioning and GIS data on behalf of LBS application. The location
Management Function (LMF) acts as a gateway and mediator between
positioning equipment and LBS infrastructure.
There are four major categories of location Based service (LBS) Location based
information, Location sensitive billing, Emergency service and Tracking.

Location based information

The LBS application would interact with other location technology components
to determine the users location and provide a list of restaurants within a certain
proximity to the mobile user, or call a cab from the nearest taxi stand, ask for
help from the nearest police station or an ambulance from the nearest hospital etc.

Location based billing

User can have preferential billing by this of application. Through location based
billing the user can establish personal zones such as a home zone or work zone.
Through arrangements with the service provider, the user could perhaps enjoy
flat-rate calling while in the home area and special rates while in other defined
zones.

Emergency services
33

Location based emergency service application can pinpoint your location and
relay it to the appropriate authorities .such service can be very useful in case of
natural calamities like earth-quake ,cyclone and in case of crimes like kidnapping
etc.

Tracking
This application is very useful for fleet application and enabling mobile
commerce. Fleet applications typically entail tracking vehicles for purpose of the
owning company knowing the whereabouts of the vehicle. Tracking is also an
enabler of mobile commerce service. A mobile user could be tracking and
provided information that he desires, such as notification of sale on a store close
to the users current proximity.
In India, two operators Bharti and Hutch have introduced location-based service
of different kinds.
Hutchs location-based service launched in Delhi and NCR is called
hutch4help. Hutch has offered this service to all its subscribers including the
prepaid and the post-paid card holders owing any brand of handset and SIM card
memory of any level. Hutch service is a dial-in location based service .Hutch
provides police, chemist, hospital and taxi service on hutch4help. In order to
access them subscribes are required to press 4, followed by the service required,
namely POLICE (765423) or HOSPITAL, on the key-pad. As per the charges,
Hutch subscribers would be charged cell-to-fixed line rates for all these calls
depending on the tariff plan.
34

Another service provided by Hutch is based on cell broadcast where hutch

subscribers in delhi get a location display on their phones. Only those
subscribers who have cell information feature in their handset get a location
display.
Bharti group calls its location based service as Around-me which is operation in
Mumbai and Delhi. The Bharti Group has offered this service to its post-paid
subscribers who have a 32-k memory SIM card. Airtel service is data (SMS)
based. Bharti offers service like shopping (clothes electronics, gifts, interior etc.)
with discounts, restaurant, entertainment (discos, pubs etc.), utilities (taxis,
banks, ATMs, travel and doctors) and hotels(5/3 star, budget). The user has to
press clothes in the shopping menu while he is around a certain area and he gets
an SMS with details of shop names, addresses, and phone numbers within 10km
radius. Airtel users would be charged as per the SMS rate.
The bouquet of service being offered will keep growing.

What is Bluetooth
Bluetooth is the name given to a new technology that uses a short range (10
meter) frequency-hoping radio link to connect two electronic devices.
If we look around in our office or home, we find that we are using so many
electronic devices which are all connected with power supplies or each other
through cables. For example, just have a look at the back of your computer, you
will find a big mesh of wires connecting CPU, monitor, keyboard, mouse, printer
etc. with each other. Bluetooth is intended to replace these cables connecting
35

portable and/or fixed electronic devises. His technology was initially conceived
by Ericsson and then was adopted by many other companies.
Bluetooth is a standard for a small, cheap radio chip that can be plugged into any
electronic device like computer, printers, mobile phone, etc. The chip is designed
to replace cables by taking the information generally carried by the cable and
transmitting it at a specially frequency to a receiver Bluetooth chip, which then
gives the information received to the respective electronic device. The electronic
devices having this chip are called Bluetooth-enabled.
The main advantages of this technology are its robustness, low complexity, low
power and low cost. It can operate in noisy frequency environments too. The
Bluetooth radio uses a fast acknowledgement and frequency hopping scheme to
make the link robust. Bluetooth radio modules operate in unlicensed ISM band at
2.4GHz, and avoid interference from other signals by hopping to a new frequency
after transmitting or receiving a packet. The Bluetooth wireless technology
comprises hardware, software and interoperability requirements. It facilitates
both data and voice communication. Mobile phone manufacturers were fast to
adopt the technology as it makes communication between two mobile handsets
fast and easy without using the service network.

With a Bluetooth enabled mobile phone, you can

Use a Bluetooth enabled handsfree headset to communicate with the mobile
phone in your pocket, or even in the other room.
Transfer files to/from a compatible PC over a local Bluetooth wireless
connection.
36

 Play wireless multiplayer games over a Bluetooth connection

Transfer files, ring tones, applications etc. between two Bluetooth enabled
handsets directly.

Difference between NiMH and Li-Ion batteries

NiMH stands for Nickel Metal Hydride and Li-Ion means Lithium Li-Ion.
Nickel is a metal related to Iron and is quite dense while Lithium is the lightest
metal. For the same energy storage capacity, a NiMH battery will be smaller than
a Li-Ion battery but is more important than size, and because the weight
difference is quite drastic, generally Li-Ion batteries are considered better.
Also, NiMH batteries do suffer from memory effect (although NiCad batteries
were much more subject to this). This means that its necessary to fully discharge
the battery before charging it again. If you routinely recharge a NiMH battery
after only partially discharging it, the battery will learn that point and not have
as much energy storage capacity. Li-Ion batteries are almost wholly immune to
this and with a Li-Ion battery you can recharge any time you want without
harming the battery. However, when a Li-Ion battery is new, you should always
fully charge it before using it first time, and its good to let it fully discharge once
or twice. This conditions the battery and gives it maximum energy storage
capacity and maximum life.

What is IMEI number of your mobile handset?

37

The IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity) number of a mobile handset

is 15 digit numbers unique to a mobile handset. Just in *#06# on your cellular
phone and it will display its IMEI
Number in most phones. Note it down safely. It is also usually printed on the
compliance plate of the handset.

Unified Handsets is the future

In the times to come cellular users need not to worry about the compatibility of
their handsets with GSM or CDMA technology. Presently, a GSM (Global
System for mobile communication) handset cannot be used in a CDMA (Code
Division multiple Access) network and vice-versa. GSM users are 870 million as
compared to CDMAs 164 million. The advantage of GSM of GSM technology is
its large global coverage. In near future the phones will be able to identify the
technology standard being used in a specific network and tune itself to receive
the signals. This is according to MR. Arun Netravali, president (emeritus) Bell
Laboratories, USA, who has around 70 patents to his credits in the fields of
computer networks.

General Packet Radio Service(GPRS)

38

GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) also known as GSM-IP

(Internet

Protocol) is a technology that allows you to access internet from your GPRS
compatible cellphone. It enables a host of datacom services such as wireless
Internet / intranet and multimedia service. Once of the main benefits of this
packets-switched technology is that the user gets connected directly to internet
service provider and stays connected at high speed, always on-line, and may be
charged only for the amount of data that is transported. Voice calls or SMS can be
received simultaneously while a data connection is operating.
The services offered are many like read e-mails, get the latest on stocks, weather,
news, etc. or even chat while on the go. Click photographs if your handset has the
camera and send them to your friends and family. You can also use your GPRS
enabled mobile as a modem to access the internet from a laptop or PDA. The
requirement would be an infrared port or any other port through which you can
achieve connectivity between your handset and the other device and the specific
driver need to be installed.
To enjoy the great potential of GPRS, you must have a GPRS enabled handset
and your cellular service provider should be offering GPRS service, which you
can check from their customer care centre.
MMS is an important application for GPRS network. It allows you to send &
receive high resolution color pictures, full stereo audio sound, drawing,
animations and video streaming on mobile phones. MMS compatible handsets
have in-built or detachable digital camera and sound recording equipment. Both
the sender and the receiving handset should be MMS compatible. If the receipt

39

doesnt have MMS compatible handset then a SMS is delivered information

about the MMS that can be viewed on computer through internet.

What is 3g?
3G is an ITU (International Telecommunication Union) specification for 3 rd
Generation mobile communication technologies. UMTS (Universal Mobile
Telecommunications System), generally refered as 3G, is broadband, packetbased transmission of text, digitized voice, video and multimedia at data rates up
to or higher than 2 Mbps, offering a consistent set of services to mobile phone
users no matter where they are located in the world. Based on the GSM
communication standard, UMTS, endorsed by major standards bodies and
manufactures is the planned standard for mobile users around the world. Once
UMTS is fully implemented, PDAs and mobile phone users can be constantly
attached to the internet as they travel and roam. User will have access through a
combination of terrestrial wireless and satellite transmissions.
3G services allow high-speed data connectivity on mobile phones which will
enables users to watch a movie, play interactive games, downloads data from the
World Wide Web on the move. 3G networks will enable operation to provide
value-added service and application such as video-on-demand, unified
messaging, mobile commerce, etc.
3G is said to be the natural next step in the evolution of mobile service. Worlds
first launch of 3G was in Japan, by NTT DoCoMo, in October 2001. Today,
Japan has the largest 3G subscriber base, served by two 3G technology choice,
commercially available on number of networks world wide. Europe has enjoyed
40

the widest WCDMA 3G deployment so far and networks in Asia Pacific region
have already started implementing 3G. In India, cellular operators are still on
2.75 G or 2.5 G with technologies such as GPRS (General Packet Radio
Services) or EDGE (Enhanced Data rate for GSM Evolution) but most of the
operators are quietly upgrading their networks to be able to provide 3G services.
Next year may see the commercial launches. Considerable infrastructure
investment is required to ensure the promised by third generation networks. For
instance, cell density is to be increased to provide additional bandwidth. New
transaction based billing methods will have to be introduced in place of the timebased billing used today. However, the saving generated from a packet-network
will more than negate the cost for the operator to lay the network.
The State-owned MTNL floated Rs.1000-crore draft tender to roll out four
million mobile lines on 3G technology. Almost all the GSM operators including
Airtel, Hutch and IDEA, have already applied for the radio frequency required to
launch 3G services.
Swedish telecom equipment maker Ericsson believes that the rollout of 3G
telecom networks in India will help operators reduce costs, offer an array of
services to users, and connect millions in rural area who have never used a phone.
3G as a technology is said to be more advanced and more efficient. Other
equipment vendors such as Nokia and Motorola are also gearing up to meet the
demands of the India markets. Nokia, for instance, is developing a high speed
Downlink packet Access (HSDPA), a
Natural evolution to3G that will bring even higher data speeds with simple
software upgrade.

41

CDMA operators have an advantage over their GSM counterparts when it comes
to 3G deployment because most CDMA networks in India are already 3Genabled. Simply put, a Reliance Infocomm is in a position to start offering 3G
services from tomorrow once spectrum is allowed while GSM operators will
have to set up a parallel network with
3G

their

existing

2G network

to

offer

services.

Video on demand, high-speed multimedia and mobile internet access are just a
few of the possibilities for users. 3G services expand the possibilities of content
rich information and communication. However, the main benefit of 3G system is
that they will offer substantially enhanced capacity, quality and data rates above
those that are available currently with 2G

Smart Phone
In India, people in comparatively mature markets like the metros, are now
upgrading their cellphone. So what are they buying?
Apart from voice call, cellphone have taken up the function of many pleasure
related function like radio, music player and the camera. These are definitely the
sort after features while upgrading. The latest in the list are the smart phone
features like the internet connectivity, e-mailing and messaging option,
connectivity with other devices, storage capacity, efficient operating system,
application etc.
Companies are constantly innovating their products to give more power in the
hand of consumers and thereby capturing a major market share.
The smart phone features available in these devices are.

Internet Browsing
42

You can browse internet through you cellphone if your handset is GPRS / WAP
compatible and your service provider is also offering these service. In case of
WAP and xHTML browser you get text only or limited version of the website you
want to visit while if your handset is equipped with HTML browser you can view
the whole website as it is, along with graphic as you see on the PC. Only
difference is that you may feel that the entire website has been squeezed into a
bottle because the screen of cellphone is small.
EDGE enabled cellphone offer mobile broadband access with very high upload
and download speeds. The speed is at least three times faster than normal GPRS.
But check whether your service provider is offering the same.

E-mail:
If you are able to browse internet, i.e. you have activated GPRS on your
cellphone, you can easily check your web-based mail boxes like that of rediff,
yahoo, hotmail etc. To see your official mail account, if it is not web-based, and
you generally see it using e-mail clients like outlook express etc. then you will
have to use the e-mail.
You can also receive emails with attachments, which can be opened in the phone
itself. Many smart phones have the capability to open office document in the
form of word, worksheet, PowerPoint, PDF formats and even ZIP files along with
the multimedia formats like JPEG, GIF, MP3, ACC or 3GP etc. The Email box
supports SMTP, POP3 and IMAP4 protocols.

More:
43

Some advance handsets also offer features like

-Browsing over TCP/IP
-Sync /ML
-Smart content download-OMA DRM 1.0
-OTA provisioning
-Mobile wallet

Offline:
Many cellphone give you an option to work offline with GSM module turned-off.

Connectivity:
USB port, Infrared interface and Bluetooth are the common connectivity options
available to communicate between cellphone to cellphone and cellphone to PC.
Bluetooth is a wireless technology that enables your Bluetooth enabled cellphone
to communicate with any other Bluetooth enabled device, be it a TV,
Refrigerator, washing machine or another Bluetooth enabled cellphone.
- You can talk handsfree with a wireless Bluetooth headset enhancement
44

- You can play wireless multiplayer games over a Bluetooth connection

- It enables you to remotely control other Bluetooth enabled devices.

Push to talk:
Many handsets today offer a dedicated key for push to talk over cellular network.
Push to talk is a two-way communication service that works like a walkie
talkie.

Operating Systems:

The OS generally in last smart phones are Symbian Os version 7.0 Series 60 SE
UI or the Microsoft Windows Mobile OS.
The common PIM function include the Calendar, Task organizer, Notes,
Calculator, Converter, Clock, Alarm and the wallet etc.

Memory:

Apart from having reasonably good internal storage memory, these

handsets provide external memory card slot where you can insert a
32MB memory card and use as many of them as required. These are
generally RS DV MMC type (Reduced size Dual Voltage Multimedia card).

Messaging
45

As far as messaging is concerned, most of the smart phones are loaded with T9
predictive text input for quick text insertion while writing SMS, MMS, emails or
instant messaging. The size of the picture inserted into the multimedia messages,
can be automatically reduced to the suitable for MMS. Suitable templates can be
used to design your own.

MMS.

Check precisely the availability of the features that you want to use
before purchasing your next handset.

Music cellphones
After the camera phones, it is the music phones that are capturing the consumer
fantasy in India.
Music lifts the soul to ecstasy, pure enjoyment. Perhaps the only idea of
entertainment cherished by all classes and masses alike. In todays fast life, we
hardly find time to sit in corner and enjoy listening to old classics on a
gramophone!! Or attend a music show in the evening. Many of us spend quarter
of our life traveling. So one idea that really enthralls us is having music on the
movie. You will find a rikshawala listening to film songs on a radio in his basket,
people enjoying music while traveling to their office in charted buses. Most of
the people have stereo system in their cars dont forget the college student next
doors carrying a walkman or an iPod.

46

But the problem is we must carry a cellphone as communication is the basic

necessity then perhaps a digital dairy to keep us organized a camera to capture
those special moments of the day and a music player to keep us entertained. Isnt
our traveling kit getting heavier?
Dont worry mobile handset manufactures have already found out the solution by
integrating all devices into your one and only cellphone. If you have mastered
other features of your cellphone and had enough trouble with the camera, get
ready to enjoy now with the music phones.
Till now music on cellphone was confined to a ringtones or sing tone, but now
there is a vide variety of cellphones that can really play the music of your choice
for hours. With inbuilt MP3 players and large enough memory, you can store a
good collection of songs on your cellphone and plays them whenever you are. Or
just switch on the FM radio and listen to the latest.
The cost depends upon your requirement. If you just want a FM radio then you
have few quite inexpensive options. But listening to your own music collection
would be costlier as you require a phone equipped with MP3 player. Most of the
high end phones have player these days while some handsets give you both the
FM radio and MP3 player.

47

The important considerations while such phones are:

1. Music Player-MP3,AAC,MPEG4,RA,MIDI(MP3 is most popular)
2. FM Radio
3. Check the headset for voice clarity and comfort
4. Memory capacity (50 MB 512 MB)- more the memory, more the of
songs you can store.
5. External memory slot to be able to add extra memory later
6. Software to transfer music files between your PC &cellphone
7. Some cellphones have memories that as recognized as removable drivers
when connected to a PC. So transferring files becomes simple drag and
drop function where no software is required.
8. music quick launch key
9. Can you plays songs in offline mode ie. some handsets can play music
without even inserting Sim card.
10.Bluetooth for cell to cell transfer.

Video Recording

After still photography using a camera phone, it is the video recording feature of
cellular phones that is catching the users fantasy. Many top of the line cellular
phones boast of their video playing and video recording capabilities. These
models are with integrated digital camera video recorder with digital zoom. They
are capable of recording 4 min to 1hrs of video clips. The formats supported are
Real Video, MPEG4 and H.263. Feature of 3GPP video streaming and video
capture is also available.
48

Most of these cellular phones have large 65K color displays. Video recorders
with 2x to 6x variable digital zoom are available. They support QCIF (176 x 144
pixels) and sub camera and bigger memory are preferred. Most of these handsets
can be connected to the PCs using blue tooth (wireless) or data cable where one
edit the captured video clips and share the same with friends, colleagues etc.

Camera Phones

Buy a phone that is easy to use. You should be able to shoot, and text or a
voice message and send.
Check with customer care of your cellular service provider whether network
supports sending and receiving picture messages.
Finding out the price-per-picture. How much does it cost to send and receive
picture messages? Some operators offer unlimited picture messages sent for
monthly price other may charge per message. Also find out about the
additional charges if many.
Can same message be sent to multiple people without being charged each
time? Enquire as it is network dependent.

How to get pictures:

Keep your lens clean. Camera phone lenses are quite small so any grease or
dirt will affect the clarity of your photo. Soft lens cloths can be purchased
from opticians and camera shops. Buy a case to protect your phone when its
in your pocket or in your bag.

49

 Most camera phones offer various image resolutions setting. If the image is
for sending to another phone or just storing on your phone, then use a lower
resolution setting as it minimizes the file size.
But if you wish to save the image to download it to your PC, use the highest
resolution setting. This will enables you to maximize the image quality and
enlarge it with better results.
Hold the camera as steadily as you can. Just like ordinary cameras, camera
phone pictures will suffer from camera shake and may affect the sharpness.

Memories:

Storage capacity needs to be checked before buying. Memories on most

phones fill up quickly, so it is also important to transfer the images you would
like to store in your computer as quickly as possible to keep the memory of
phone available for future shooting.
If your camera phone doesnt have infra red or Bluetooth, you can always
send the photos to your email using MMS, then delete the photos from your
phone. This will ensure that you always have enough space free for other
pictures.

50

Lighting:
Camera phone gives better images when the subject is well lit. Some camera
phones do have a built in flash, so use it if you arent in a well-lit situation.
Strong back lighting has a tendency to trick the camera phone into
underexposing the subject. Fro best results stand with the light behind you and
not the subject.

Composition:

Framing your shot- The most important thing is to fill the frame with your
subject as much a possible, especially with portraits. Images taken on camera
phone are small, so if you want to get a better result then crop your subject as
tight as you possibly can.

Get close- Most camera phones dont have telephoto lenses so if you take a
photo of a person or building thats far away, the main subject will be tiny. For
most photos youll get a much better shot by filling your phones screen with a
close up of the subject. But beware getting too close may result in distortion like
an extra large nose etc. Some of the camera phones offer a macro facility, which
ensures sharpness when capturing close ups.

51

Some more useful suggestions:

Send your picture from a good cellular coverage area. If youre transmitting a
photo in an area where the cellular signal is weak. It could take longer to send the
photo than when youre in a strong signal area. If youre paying for airtime to
send a photo, it could make a difference in the price. Although photos generally
are transmitted in under a minute, if it goes over 60 seconds, you will pay for
another minute.
Enter a title for each photo. If youre not used to entering text on a keypad, it
can be a frustrating and slow process. But dont skip this step or youll have to
click on each photo to determine if you wanted to see 005 or 012. Title the photos
before you send/save them or wait until you go home and enter names for a
bunch of them.
Understand file quality setting. Cameras phones often have three quality
setting: low, Medium and High. Snap the same photo at all the different
resolution and look at the size and quality on your phone and your computer
screen to determine which resolution you prefer to use. Its easy to change the
resolution, but youll probably set it at one resolution and not change it often.
Create quick phrases. Most cellular phones with messaging capabilities
enable you to create and store phrases that may be used for the subject or text o
your messages. If you know youre going to be taking photos at, for example, Taj
Mahal, create a phrase that reads, Taj Mahal- 9-9-04 and store it in your phone.
That way you wont have to enter the same phrase for each each photo.
52

 Optical zoom is considered better than digital zoom if you have a choice.
Digital zooms employ software to increase a photos size but they also decrease
the quality by merely blowing up a segment of the picture. Even people withmega pixel digital cameras typically use the optical zoom, not the digital one.
Although fell free to check out digital zoom yourself.
Explore the white balance. The white balance feature, changes the photo
color based upon the lighting conditions: Sunny, cloudy, dark, etc. Theres also an
auto feature that works fine most of the them. But if you have time and you
dont like the way the photo looks on your LCD, changes the white balance to see
if it makes a difference.
Turn on the lights indoors. If youre shooting indoors, its easy to get more
light by raising the shades and/or shining a light on the subject of the photo. The
type of light, by the way, could change the white balance from. For example,
indoors to tungsten. Most camera phones today do not include a built in flash
and, even if they do, the flash isnt very powerful.
You can assign photos to name in your address book. Your phone includes
text caller ID (where the name of the person calling is displayed), but it also
probably has photo ID where a photo or graphic pops up when a person calls.
Its more than just fun; its useful if you cant match a name with a face.
Send photos and graphics to your phone. Your phone should be able to accept
photos and graphics sent via e-mail. If you want to link a photo of a friend to

53

his/her phone number but havent snapped a photo from your phone, you could
send a photo thats
Stored on your desktop or laptop computer. But make sure the photos file size is
small. If the photo is too large, your cellular operators system might reject it.
You also should be able to use photos and graphics sent to your phone as
wallpaper and screensaver.

Many camera phone offer special effects, such as charging a color photo to
black and white or sepia, as well as adding colorful borders and frames around
the photo.

Keep track of your battery. Camera phones use lots of power. With their
internal and external color screens, animations, polyphonic ringtones and
other fun and useful features, these phones drain your battery much quickly
than less feature-rich phones. If you take lots of photos during the day, make
sure to keep track of your battery level and recharge it frequently. You may
also keep an extra battery with you.

Hope these tips would be useful. Happy shooting!

Multimedia Messaging Service
MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service) is one of the latest mobile
Technology for cellular phone users in India. As you know, in case of SMS (Short
Message Service) you can send only text messages or black & white very low
resolution graphic. MMA( Multimedia Messaging Service) allows users to create,
54

send & receive text, drawing, High resolution color pictures, animation, full
stereo audio sound and video clips from one cellular phone to another , or to an
email address.
To be able to send or receive MMS messages all you need is MMS enabled
mobile phone and your cellular service provider must be supporting MMS
service. Ensure that you have configured your cellular phone with the correct
setting. You can take help of your operators care for this. Although if you have a
camera phone you will be able to shoot your own pictures and send. Some
camera phones also support audio and video recording .You can send a
combination of multimedia also for example text, picture and audio.
MMS is considered to be an important application for GPRS (General packet
radio) Network worldwide. GPRS enables always-on high speed internet which
facilitates you to chat, access e-mails from any account along with MMS on your
cellular phone.
Both the sender and the receiving handset should be MMS compatible. If the
recipient doesnt have MMS compatible handset then a SMS is delivered
informing about the MMS that can be viewed on computer as an e-mail.

E-mailing
I. Send an e-mail from cellphone to any e-mail address

55

If you want to send a message to someone who do not use cellular phone but has
an e-mail ID that he access through a computer then you can follow this method.
1. Reach your cellular phone message menu.
2. Scroll to write Message / Transmit Text / Message Editor.
3. Type the E-mail address of the person. Type a blank space.
4. Type the message to be sent. That is e-mail message for example,
ashish@hotmail.com Happy Birthday!
5. Send the message to e.g.600, 121882 ( take this no. from customer care of
your service. The e-mail will be delivered.
In case it is unsuccessful check the following
Check that your cellular phone is configured to the right service Center
Number(call customer care for assistance).
The syntax at step 3 above could be different with your service provider
e.g. it could be the keyword mail followed by a blank then e-mail ID
again a blank then message i.e.

Syntax: mail e-mail message

Example: mail ashish@hotmail.com Happy Birthday

56

II. How to receive e-mail

You would receive all e-mail messages directly on your handset and
you can read it in the same manner as you read other text (SMS)
messages.

III. Access your hotmail or other e-mail accounts

Many cellular service providers have tie-ups with some popular Email clients like hotmail etc. so that subscribers are able to access
their e-mail account wire free via two way SMS or through GPRS.
With such service, users of say Hotmail will have the option to
receive email sent to their Hotmail accounts by SMS on their mobile
phones wherever they are. They will also be able to reply to those
email messages directly to the senders inbox, as well as problem
other common tasks directly from their phone. You must check with
you cellular service provider for detail.
Internet On Mobile

To access internet on your mobile, your handset should be WAP/GPRS

compatible and your service must also be offering these service.

57

Most of the handsets are able to access the information from the web in text
only format. Although some handsets are supporting HTML also.
In case of WAP and xHTML browser you get text only or a limited version of
the website you want to visit. Most of the service provider who are offering
GPRS service have compiled such websites into various categories and
provider their link through a default menu. Although if your handset is
equipped with HTML browser you can view any website as it is, along with
graphics as you see on the PC. Only difference is that you may feel that the
entire website has been squeezed into a bottle because the screen of cellphone
is small.
EDGE enabled cellphones offer mobile broadband access with very high
upload and download speeds. The speed is at least three times faster than
normal GPRS. But check whether your service provider is offering the same.
GPRS (General Packet Radio Services) also known as GSM-IP(Internet
Protocol) is a technology that allows you to access internet from your GPRS
compatible cellphone. It enables a host of datacom services such as wireless
Internet / Intranet and multimedia services. One of the main benefits of this
packet- switched technology is that the user gets connected directly to internet
service provider and stays connected at high speed, always on- line, may be
charged only for the amount of data that is transported. Voice calls or SMS
can be received simultaneously while a data connection is operating.
The service offered are many like read e-mails, get the latest on stock,
weather, news, etc. or even chat while on the go. Click photographs if your
handset has the camera and send them to your friends and family. You can also
58

use your GPRS enabled cellular phone as a modem to access the internet from
a Laptop and PDA. The requirement would be as infrared port or any other
port through which you can achieve connectivity between your handset and
the other device and the specific driver needs to be installed.
Android (operating system)

Android is an operating system based on the Linux kernel, and designed primarily
for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. Initially
developed by Android, Inc., which Google backed financially and later bought in
2005, Android was unveiled in 2007 along with the founding of the Open Handset
Alliancea consortium of hardware, software, and telecommunication companies
devoted to advancingopen standards for mobile devices. The first publicly
59

available smartphone running Android, the HTC Dream, was released on October
22, 2008.
The user interface of Android is based on direct manipulation, using touch inputs
that loosely correspond to real-world actions, like swiping, tapping, pinching and
reverse pinching to manipulate on-screen objects. Internal hardware such
as accelerometers, gyroscopesand proximity sensors are used by some applications
to respond to additional user actions, for example adjusting the screen from portrait
to landscape depending on how the device is oriented. Android allows users to
customize their home screens with shortcuts to applications andwidgets, which
allow users to display live content, such as emails and weather information,
directly on the home screen. Applications can further send notifications to the user
to inform them of relevant information, such as new emails and text messages.
Android's source code is released by Google under theApache License; this
permissive licensing allows the software to be freely modified and distributed by
device manufacturers, wireless carriers and enthusiast developers. Most Android
devices ship with a combination of open source and proprietary software. As of
July 2013, Android has the largest number of applications ("apps"), available for
download in Google Play store which has had over 1 million apps published, and
over 50 billion downloads. A developer survey conducted in AprilMay 2013
found that Android is the most used platform among developers: it is used by 71%
of the mobile developers population.
60

Android is popular with technology companies which require a ready-made, lowcost and customizable operating system for high-tech devices. Despite being
primarily designed for phones and tablets, it also has been used in
televisions, games consoles, digital cameras and other electronics. Android's open
nature has encouraged a large community of developers and enthusiasts to use the
open-source code as a foundation for community-driven projects, which add new
features for advanced users or bring Android to devices which were officially
released running other operating systems.
As of May 2012, Android became the most popularmobile OS, having the largest
installed base, and is a market leader in most countries including the United States;
there it has had the highest installed base of mobile phones for years. In the third
quarter of 2013, Android's share of the global smartphone shipment marketled
by Samsung productswas 81.3%, the highest ever. In most markets Androidpowered phones are the most popular comprising more than half of the overall
smartphone sales, including the United States market starting with the September
November 2013 period. The operating system's success has made it a target for
patent litigation as part of the so-called "smartphone wars" between technology
companies. As of September 2013, one billion Android devices have been
activated.
Features
Interface
61

Notifications are accessed by sliding from the top of the display; individual
notifications can be dismissed by sliding them away, and may contain additional
functions (such as on the "missed call" notification seen here).
Android's user interface is based on direct manipulation, using touch inputs that
loosely correspond to real-world actions, like swiping, tapping, pinching and
reverse pinching to manipulate on-screen objects. The response to user input is
designed to be immediate and provides a fluid touch interface, often using the
vibration capabilities of the device to provide haptic feedback to the user. Internal
hardware such as accelerometers, gyroscopes andproximity sensors are used by
some applications to respond to additional user actions, for example adjusting the
62

screen from portrait to landscape depending on how the device is oriented, or

allowing the user to steer a vehicle in a racing game by rotating the device,
simulating control of a steering wheel.
Android devices boot to the homescreen, the primary navigation and information
point on the device, which is similar to the desktop found on PCs. Android
homescreens are typically made up of app icons and widgets; app icons launch the
associated app, whereas widgets display live, auto-updating content such as the
weather forecast, the user's email inbox, or a news ticker directly on the
homescreen. A homescreen may be made up of several pages that the user can
swipe back and forth between, though Android's homescreen interface is heavily
customisable, allowing the user to adjust the look and feel of the device to their
tastes. Third-party apps available on Google Play and other app stores can
extensively re-theme the homescreen, and even mimic the look of other operating
systems, such as Windows Phone. Most manufacturers, and some wireless carriers,
customise the look and feel of their Android devices to differentiate themselves
from their competitors.
Present along the top of the screen is a status bar, showing information about the
device and its connectivity. This status bar can be "pulled" down to reveal a
notification screen where apps display important information or updates, such as a
newly received email or SMS text, in a way that does not immediately interrupt or
inconvenience the user. Notifications are persistent until read (by tapping, which
63

opens the relevant app) or dismissed by sliding it off the screen. Beginning on
Android 4.1, "expanded notifications" can display expanded details or additional
functionality; for instance, a music player can display playback controls, and a
"missed call" notification provides buttons for calling back or sending the caller an
SMS message.
Android provides the ability to run applications which change the default launcher
and hence the appearance and externally visible behaviour of Android. These
appearance changes include a multi-page dock or no dock, and many more changes
to fundamental features of the user interface.
Applications
Android has a growing selection of third party applications, which can be acquired
by users either through an app store such as Google Play or the Amazon Appstore,
or by downloading and installing the application's APK file from a third-party
site. The Play Store application allows users to browse, download and update apps
published by Google and third-party developers, and is pre-installed on devices
that comply with Google's compatibility requirements. The app filters the list of
available applications to those that are compatible with the user's device, and
developers may restrict their applications to particular carriers or countries for
business reasons. Purchases of unwanted applications can be refunded within 15
minutes of the time of download, and some carriers offer direct carrier billing for

64

Google Play application purchases, where the cost of the application is added to
the user's monthly bill.
As of July 2013, there are more than one million applications available for Android
in the Play Store. As of May 2013, 48 billion apps have been installed from the
Google Play store.
Applications ("apps"), that extend the functionality of devices, are developed
primarily in the Javaprogramming languagelanguage using the Android software
development kit (SDK). The SDK includes a comprehensive set of development
tools, including
on QEMU,

a debugger, software

documentation,

sample

libraries,
code,

and

handset emulator based

tutorials.

The

officially

supported integrated development environment (IDE) is Eclipse using the Android

Development Tools (ADT) plugin. Other development tools are available,
including a Native Development Kit for applications or extensions in C or C+
+, Google App Inventor, a visual environment for novice programmers, and
various cross platform mobile web applications frameworks.
It was announced in January 2014 that Chrome HTML5 web applications should
become available, using a compatibility layer from the open source Apache
Cordova framework to allow such applications to be wrapped in a native
application shell, enabling their distribution over Google Play.
MEMORY MANAGEMENT

65

Since Android devices are usually battery-powered, Android is designed to manage

memory (RAM) to keep power consumption at a minimum, in contrast to desktop
operating systems which generally assume they are connected to unlimited mains
electricity. When an Android app is no longer in use, the system will automatically
suspend it in memory while the app is still technically "open", suspended apps
consume no resources (e.g. battery power or processing power) and sit idly in the
background until needed again. This has the dual benefit of increasing the general
responsiveness of Android devices, since apps don't need to be closed and
reopened from scratch each time, but also ensuring background apps do not
consume power needlessly.
Android manages the apps stored in memory automatically: when memory is low,
the system will begin killing apps and processes that have been inactive for a
while, in reverse order since they were last used (i.e. oldest first). This process is
designed to be invisible to the user, such that users do not need to manage memory
or the killing of apps themselves. However, confusion over Android memory
management has resulted in third-party task killers becoming popular on
the Google Playstore; these third-party task killers are generally regarded as doing
more harm than good.

66

Group Company wise market share

Group

Total

Company Subscribers
Airtel(GSM)

59670174

Reliance
(CDMA +
GSM)

43840442

Vodafone

42557072

Essar(GSM)
BSNL(GSM +
WLL)

38902594

Tata (CDMA)

23402473

IDEA(GSM)

22873556

Aircel(GSM)

10185182

Spice(GSM)

4084205

MTNL(GSM +

3403400

WLL)
BPL(GSM)

1276219

HFCL
(CDMA)

290703

Shyam
(CDMA)

104866

* CDMA figures include WLL

services

Function Availability In Mobile Sets With Respect of Price

67

Handset

SonyEricsson LG

Model

J120i

Nokia

Bullet KG271

SonyEricsson Nokia
1600 J100i

SonyEricsson
J120i
Price

LG

1110i

Bullet KG276

Nokia 1110i

Bullet KG276

SonyEricsson
Bullet KG271 Nokia 1600 J100i

Rs.2,000

Rs.1,899 Rs.1,769.00 Rs.1,700

SonyEricsson

Rs.1,659.00

Rs.1,599

SonyEricsson

J120i

Bullet KG271 Nokia 1600 J100i

Nokia 1110i

Bullet KG276

Frequency

GSM 900 /

GSM 900 /

GSM 900 /

GSM 900 /

GSM 900 /

GSM 900 /

compatibility

1800

1800

1800

1800

1800

1800

Nokia 1110i

Bullet KG276

SonyEricsson
J120i

SonyEricsson
Bullet KG271 Nokia 1600 J100i

Form Factor

bar
SonyEricsson
J120i

Phone Size

99 x 44 x 17

(mm)

mm

bar
SonyEricsson

Bullet KG271 Nokia 1600 J100i

104 x 45 x

Nokia 1110i

100 x 44 x 18

104 x 44 x 17

mm

mm

85 g

70 g

80 g

Xpress-on

Polar White,

Xpress-on

covers

Twilight Blue

covers

98 x 45 x 12.9 17 mm

Bullet KG276
98 x 45 x 12.9

Volume
Weight

75 g

Colour

Night Black
SonyEricsson
J120i

SonyEricsson
Bullet KG271 Nokia 1600 J100i

Nokia 1110i

Bullet KG276

Li-Ion (BLStandard
Battery Type

5C) 900
Li-Ion

Stand by Time Up to 400 h

Talk Time

Up to 9 h

800 mAH

mAh

upto 200
Upto 2.5

Li-Ion (BL-5C)
900 mAh

800 mAH

Up to 450 h Up to 300 h

Up to 380 h

upto 200

Up to 5 h 30

Up to 5 h 20

min

Li-Ion

Up to 8 h

100 SMS
Messaging

SMS

memory

min

Upto 2.5

SMS, Instant 100 SMS

SMS, MMS SMS

Messaging

T9

T9

memory

Predictive text
input

T9
SonyEricsson
J120i

T9
SonyEricsson

Bullet KG271 Nokia 1600 J100i

Nokia 1110i

Bullet KG276

Polyphonic

Polyphonic
Ringtones

Yes(16 poly

(16 channels) MIDI)

(20

Polyphonic

channels),

(20 channels),

with MP3

Polyphonic

with MP3

grade tones (32 channels) grade tones

composer

Yes(16 poly
MIDI)

composer

68

Music Player
FM radio with
FM Radio

RDS

Camera,

No

Yes

no
no

No

no

Video
Recording/
Playing
SonyEricsson
J120i
Display size,
type etc.

SonyEricsson
Bullet KG271 Nokia 1600 J100i
128 X 128

Nokia 1110i

96 x 68

Bullet KG276
128 X 128

96 x 64 pixels Pixels

pixels

STN, 65K

65 K colour

CSTN, 65K STN, 65K

Monochrome 65 K colour

colors

1.5 ich LCD

colors

colors

graphic

Wallpapers,

Wallpaper

Wallpapers,

Animated

themes

and themes themes

SonyEricsson
J120i
Phone memory

96 x 64 pixels 96 x 68 pixels Pixels

1.5 ich LCD

screensavers

SonyEricsson
Bullet KG271 Nokia 1600 J100i

Nokia 1110i

upto 4 MB

250 entries

upto 4 MB

No

no

Card slot

No

no

Phone book

200 entries

200 entries

Bullet KG276

200 entries

10 dialed,

Call records

10 dialed, 20

10 received, 10 dialed, 20

10 dialed, 10

received and

10 missed

received and

received, 10

missed calls

calls

missed calls

missed calls

SonyEricsson
J120i
GPRS

No

SonyEricsson
Bullet KG271 Nokia 1600 J100i
no

WAP

No

Nokia 1110i

Bullet KG276

no

No

Browser

No

No

WLAN

No

no

No

no

HSCSD

No

no

No

no

EDGE

No

no

No

no

3G

No

no

No

no

SonyEricsson
J120i

SonyEricsson
Bullet KG271 Nokia 1600 J100i

Nokia 1110i

Infrared Port

No

no

No

no

Bluetooth

No

no

No

no

USB

No
SonyEricsson

Bullet KG276

SonyEricsson

J120i

Bullet KG271 Nokia 1600 J100i

Nokia 1110i

Bullet KG276

SonyEricsson

Bullet KG271 Nokia 1600 SonyEricsson

Nokia 1110i

Bullet KG276

Java

69

J120i

J100i
call

Special

conferencing

Features
Vibra alert

Yes

Demo mode

Demo mode

for phone

for phone

features

features

Yes

Yes

call
conferencing

Yes

Voice dial
Speakerphone Yes

Yes

Navigation

Clock & Alarm

Yes

Built-in

Built-in

handsfree

handsfree

4-way scroll

4-way scroll

key

key

Speaking

Speaking

alarm and

alarm and

clock

clock

Yes

Yes

World Time
function

Yes

Calendar

Yes

Yes
Calendar

Yes

Calculator,
Unit
Calculator

Yes

PIM functions Reminder

Calculator,

converter

Calculator

scheduler

Reminders Stopwatch

SonyEricsson
J120i

Bullet KG271 Nokia 1600 J100i

loaded
Sudoku
Yes

Nokia 1110i

Bullet KG276

game)

3 - Snake

Xenzia, Dice

Xenzia,

Games,

Dice,

Pocket

Cricket Cup Yes

Carrom

Yes(Pre loaded
Sudoku
game)

SonyEricsson

J120i

Bullet KG271 Nokia 1600 J100i

2007,

2006,

February

2005, Q2

SonyEricsson
J120i

scheduler

3 - Snake

SonyEricsson

Launched

Reminders

SonyEricsson

Yes(Pre -

Games

Unit converter

February

Nokia 1110i

Bullet KG276

2005, Q2

SonyEricsson
Bullet KG271 Nokia 1600 J100i

Nokia 1110i

Bullet KG276

* Note:

Handset

LG

LG

SonyEricsson

LG

SonyEricsson Nokia

Model

Dynamite KG195

Pulse C2600

K510i

C2500

K220i

SonyEricsson
Dynamite KG195
Price

Rs.4,650

Pulse C2600

K510i

Rs.4,590 Rs.4,500

C2500

K220i

Rs.4,090

Rs.3,345

SonyEricsson
Dynamite KG195

Pulse C2600

K510i

Frequency

GSM 900 / 1800 /

GSM 900 / GSM

compatibility

1900

1800 / GSM 1900

6030

SonyEricsson
Nokia 6030
Rs.2,700.00

SonyEricsson
C2500

K220i

Nokia 6030

GSM 900 /
GSM 900 / 1800 1800

GSM 900 / 1800

70

SonyEricsson
Dynamite KG195
Form Factor

Pulse C2600

K510i

SonyEricsson
C2500

Pulse C2600

K510i

Dimensions
Phone Size

SonyEricsson
C2500

K220i

Colour

103 x 46 x 16.7 104 x 44 x 18

103.5x46.3x12.4mm 102x46.5x18.5 101 x 44 x 17 mm

mm

mm
75 cc

69.9g

88 gm

Black
Dynamite KG195

Pulse C2600

Standard
Battery Type

Nokia 6030

100.8x46x18mm

(mm) -

Volume
Weight

Nokia 6030
bar

SonyEricsson
Dynamite KG195

(mm)

K220i

Bar type

90 g

80gm

90 g

Midnight Black,

Black,

Polished Purple,

Champagne,

Exchangeable

Frost White,

Exchangeable

Style-Up covers

Ocean Blue

covers

SonyEricsson

SonyEricsson

K510i

C2500

Li-Ion 750 mAh

Li Ion

82 g

K220i

Nokia 6030

Li-Po 900 mAh Li-Ion 900 mAh

720mAh Li-Ion (BST-36)

Li-Ion 700 mAh

(BST-37)

(BL-5C)

Stand by Time upto 300hrs

upto 200hrs

Up to 360 h

Upto 200

Up to 300 h

Up to 300 h

Talk Time

Upto 2.5

Up to 6 h

Upto 2.5hrs

Up to 8 h

Up to 3 h

2.2Hr

SMS, MMS, Email,

100 SMS
Messaging

Instant

SMS, EMS,

SMS, MMS

Capacity, MMS Messaging

SMS, MMS

MMS

SMS, MMS

T9

T9

T9

T9

T9

Predictive text
input

T9
SonyEricsson

Dynamite KG195

Pulse C2600

K510i

SonyEricsson
C2500

K220i

Nokia 6030

64 Polyphonic
ringtones,
MP3
Ringtones & 2
Pre-embedded Polyphonic (40
Ringtones

64 Polyphonic,MP3 song tones

donloadable

40 Polyphonic

Polyphonic (32 30 Polyphonic

channels), MP3

ringtones

channels)

Composer,

Stereo Surround

download

Sound

MP3 Player,

(16 channels)

Downloadable Downloadable

MP3 Player

MP3 Shortcut
Key, Stereo
Music Player

Yes

Surround

MP3/AAC/MPEG4

Sound

player

FM through

FM Radio

Yes, Scheduled FM speaker

FM Radio

recorder

FM radio with

phone

RDS

Yes ( VGA Camera ),

2X digital zoom,

1.3 MP, 1280 x

Camera, Digital VGA, 640x480

640x480 pixels,

1024 pixels,

Zoom-3X

Camera,

video

Video

Continuous Video

Yes

VGA CMOS

VGA Camera

video(QCIF)

pixels,
video(QCIF)

no

71

recording,
depending upon
available mamory,
Recording/

Video download

Playing

and Playback
SonyEricsson
Dynamite KG195

Pulse C2600

K510i

SonyEricsson
C2500

K220i

Nokia 6030

128 x 128
Display size,
type etc.

128x160 pixels
262K colour TFT

65K color

LCD

screen

128 x 160 pixels,

pixels, 1.6

128 x 128

28 x 35 mm

inches

pixels

CSTN, 65K

CSTN, 65K

colors

colors

65K color
TFT, 256K colors screen
Internal LCD-

Downloadable

128x128

wallpapers,

Downloadable

Wallpapers,

wallpapers

screensavers

Wallpapers

SonyEricsson

SonyEricsson

Dynamite KG195

Pulse C2600

screensavers,
themes

K510i

C2500

K220i

Nokia 6030

internal

28 MB shared

60 MB internal

2 MB internal

3 MB shared

memory

memory

memory

memory

memory

No

no

120MB
64MB internal
Phone memory memory
Micro SD, UPTO 1
Card slot

GB

No
500 x 6

Phone book

Call records

Phone Book

Phonebook

1000 entries,

Memory

Photocall

300 entries

250 x 10 fields

10 dialed, 10

30 received,

20 received,

20 dialed, 20

received, 10 missed

dialed and

dialed and

received, 20

calls

missed calls

missed calls

missed calls

SonyEricsson

SonyEricsson

500 entries

Dynamite KG195

Pulse C2600

Class 10 (4+1/3+2

K510i

Memory-500 X 5

K220i

Nokia 6030

Class 10 (4+1/3+2

C2500

Class 8 (4+1

Class 6

slots), 32 - 48

slots), 32 - 40

(3+1/2+2 slots),

GPRS

slots), 32 - 48 kbps GPRS Class 8 kbps

GPRS Class 8

kbps

24 - 36 kbps

WAP

WAP 2.0

WAP-2.0

WAP 1.2.1

Yes

WAP 2.0
WAP 2.0/xHTML,

Browser

xHTML

HTML(NetFront)

WLAN

no

No

No

xHTML
No

HSCSD

no

Yes

No

No

EDGE

no

No

No

No

3G

no

No

No

No

SonyEricsson
Dynamite KG195

Pulse C2600

K510i

SonyEricsson
C2500

K220i

Nokia 6030

Infrared Port

no

Yes

No

No

Bluetooth

Yes

Yes

No

No

USB

Yes

Yes

Yes

No

SonyEricsson

C2500

SonyEricsson

Dynamite KG195

Pulse C2600

Nokia 6030

72

K510i
Java

Yes

Yes

Java MIDP 2.0

K220i
Yes

SonyEricsson
Dynamite KG195

Java MIDP 2.0

SonyEricsson

Pulse C2600

K510i

C2500

K220i

Nokia 6030

Inflight mode,Voice
Recording, Built in

Slide show,

Special

pendrive memory,

Voice

Image viewer,

Voice recording, Full screen

Features

Plug and play

recording

Picture editor

conferencing

Vibra alert

Yes

Voice dial

voice memo

Speakerphone

Yes
voice memo

Voice memo

Yes

viewer
Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Voice Memo
Yes

Navigation
Yes,
stopwatch,
Clock & Alarm

Yes

Yes

World Time

timer

World Time

function

Yes

Calendar

Yes
Calculator, Unit

Calculator

PIM functions Organiser

Unit converter

converter

Body Mass

Body Mass

Index

Index

Application

Organiser

Application

SonyEricsson
Dynamite KG195

Pulse C2600

K510i

Yes

SonyEricsson
C2500

K220i

Nokia 6030

Yes

Yes

MinigolfBT,
Games

5 (Built in

QuadraPop +

5 (Built in

Yes

games)

downloadable

games)

Dynamite KG195

Pulse C2600

SonyEricsson
Launched

Q3, 2007

K510i

SonyEricsson
C2500

2006, February
Pulse C2600

K510i

Nokia 6030

2007, February 2005, Q1

SonyEricsson
Dynamite KG195

K220i
SonyEricsson

C2500

K220i

Nokia 6030

73

74

Data Analysis and interpretation

1.

Are you using Mobile Handset?

(a) Yes

b) No

Findings: - It was found that 85% responding they are using mobile handset &
15% are not using mobile handset.

75

2. Your Mobile Handset brand name?

a) Nokia

b) LG

c)Samsung d)Sony ericsson

e)Motorola f)others

Findings:- It was found that 62% responding have Nokia handset. 9%

respondents have LG handset, 7% respondent have Samsung handset. 9%
respondent have Motorola handset, 3% respondents have Sony Ericsson
10.5% have others brands.

76

6. Give the preferences in sequential order?

1. Its durability
2. Its reasonable price
3. Its function and attributes
4. Other reasons

Findings:- It was found that 10% respondent purchase mobile handset to

see its durability, 30% respondent purchase mobile handsets to see its price,
50% respondent purchase mobile handsets to see its functions & attributes,
10% respondents purchase mobile handsets to see others features.

77

7.According to you which company give more advertisement?

1. Nokia
2. LG
3. Samsung
4. Sony ericsson
5. Motorola
6. Others

Findings:It was found that 30% respondent said Motorola give more
advertisements, 15% respondent advertisement of Nokia, 20%
advertisement

of

sony,12%

advertisement

of

Samsung,

18%advertisement of LG and 5% advertisement of others brands.

78

4. Where do you see most advertisement of mobile handset?

a) Television

b) Radio

C) Hoardings

F) Canopies

c) News papers

d) Magazines

FindingsIt was found that 40% Mobile handsets advertisement come in newspaper,
25%mobile handsets advertisement come in Television, 20 % mobile handsets
advertisement through hoaring.17% mobile handsets advertisement through
canopies, 6% mobile handsets advertisement in magazines, 2% mobile handsets
advertisement come in Radio.

79

5. According to you which brand give more resale value of

handsets?

a) Nokia

b) LG

e) Motorola

F) others

C) Samsung

c)Sony ericsson

Findings- It was found that 62% respondent said Nokia have more resale
value. 5% respondents say LG, 8% respondents says Motorola, 9% respondent
says Samsung, 12% respondents say Sony ericsson, 5% other mobile handsets.

80

6. If your mobile handsets has some minor problem what will you be
do?
a. Continue to it
b. Go to service center
c. Skip to other brand

FindingsIt is found that if mobile handset has some minor problem, than 28% respondents
avoid it continue use it, but 57% respondents go to service center to solve this
problem, 15% sale and skip to other brands.

81

7. Mobile service center solve problem with in?

A) one day
B)

Two day

C)

A week

D) A Month
E)

Above

Findings-

It was found that 44% respondent said if they have problem in mobile handsets
mobile service center solve problem with in one day, 27% respondent said with in
two days, 24% respondent said with in a week, 14% respondent said with in a
month, 1% said above than a month.

82

8. Would you like CDMA phone?

a) Yes

b) No

FindingsIt was found that 68% respondents like CDMA connection, 32 do

Not like it.

83

8.a

If yes, why ?
a) Bonus talk time
b) Free incoming
c) Cheap price
d) Better service and cheap handsets

FindingsIt was found that 15% respondent like CDMA connection because of bonus talk
time, 27% respondent like CDMA connection because of free incoming, 23%
respondents like CDMA connection because of cheap handsets and free
connection, 35% respondents like CDMA connection because of better service
and cheap handsets.

84

8.b

If no, why ?

a) Very limited choice of handsets

b) Limited scheme
c) Hand is not attractive
d) No option to change connection/handsets

FindingIt was found that 26% respondent do not like CDMA phone connection because
of limited choice of handset in this category, 10% respondent do not like because
of limited schemes in CDMA phone connection, 23% respondent said that
CDMA handset is not attractive than GSM handsets, 44% respondent do not like
because they thinks after purchasing CDMA phone, they have no option to
change their mobile connection and handsets.

85

9. What is your CDMA handset phone brand name?

a) Reliance

b) TATA Indicom

Findings-

It was found that 69% respondent have reliance connection with CDMA phone,
31% respondents have TATA Indicom.

86

10. Which CDMA phone company gives more advertisement?

a) Reliance

b) TATA Indicom

Findings-

It is found that 60% reliance give more advertisement, 40% Tata Indicom.

87

11. What is the most effective and attractive medium used by it?
a) Television

b) Radio

C) Hoardings

F) Canopies

c) News papers

d)Magazines

Findings-

It is found that the most effective and attractive medium used by CDMA mobile
phone connection companies is hoarding with 40%, 30% respondent says
television, respondent says 20% canopies, 16% in newspaper,3% magazines,
1%radio.

88

12. What will you do after end of given bonus talk time and free
incoming period?
a) Continue to it.
b) Re-purchase this scheme.
c) Purchase other companys scheme.

Findings-

Its found that 50% Respondents like to continue their handsets after end of given
bonus talk time and free incoming period, 20% purchase other brands handsets,
30% would repurchase same schemes.

89

13. Tick you affordable price range to purchase handset?

a) Less than Rs.2000

b) Rs.2001 to Rs.4500.
c) Rs.4501 to Rs.10, 000.
d) Above to Rs.10, 001

Findings-

Its found than 37% respondents like handsets between Rs.2001 to Rs.4500, 20%
Respondents like handsets between Rs.4501 to 10000,20% respondents like
handsets less than Rs2000,13% Respondents like handsets above to Rs.10001.

90

Constraints Limitation And Alternative Methodologies:Though the group and segments for the analysis were pre determined but there
were certain factors that posed difficulties for successful completion of the
project. Due to these limitation at times I had to re accumulate all my energy and
stamina to overlook all the hurdles and work new zeal without external support
and encouragement.
The following were the limitation.
Since the study was done in localized area so the sample selected my not
be truly reprehensive of entire universe.
The period of survey was very small and sample is of quit less so
interpretation is subject to further development.
Through it is around that the information given by the respondents are
authentic and to the best of their knowledge, yet the place (exclusive
showroom) could have some effect on response.
Information provided by the respondents might be biased in same cases as
they might had been influence by particular brand, which they had made
up in their mind before coming for purchase.

91

RECOMMENDATION AND SUGGESTION

The rapid rise of consumerism and rising purchasing power of the middle
class has let to a spurt in demand.
The growing Indian population size adds a number of new users.
In quantitative terms, the bulk of the demand exists in lower and middle
price segments.
In recent time increasing attention is being paid to the price, quality and
image factors.

92

93

CONCLUSION

India is one of the fastest growing mobile markets in the world. India is to
become third largest mobile population in world by 2007. The growing of
mobile subscriber is 5.5 million in 2001 and increase 100 million subscribers in
2006.
More than two third to mobile subscriptions are with GSM handsets and
rest of the CDMA handsets .We can say 77% subscribers have GSM base
handsets and 23% have CDMA base handsets.
Mobile hone user increase with 86% while 11% people have fixed phones.
The percentage of fixed going down day to day because mobile phones are
easily available in the market.
Seeing the growth of mobile phone industries mobile manufacture give
more attention to develop handset with research and development. They give
more features in their handsets such as camera with zoom, cyber shot, camera
interface, video streaming, internet browsing, FM radio, Music kit that includes
music management software, USB cable and stereo handset, Blue tooth,
interface, e-mail, MP3, high memory space, one touch navigation, SMS etc.
Manufacture also give more attention to its physical attributes such as size,
weight, battery back up, display, sound quality, color etc.

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Finish handset manufacture Nokia retain to top position in Indian GSM

mobile phone market with 55% market share and 69% market share in
Lucknow city. LG has a consolidated its position as the market leader with 49%
market share in CDMA mobile phone market.
Major players in India market are Nokia, LG, Samsung, Motorola, and Sony
Ericsson. Reliance is leader in giving connection with CDMA handsets because
of many attractive schemes and wide price range; TATA Indicom and Airtel are
rival of Reliance. Reliance have 70% market share in this field, while TATA
Indicom has 18% market share and 12% market share are with Airtel.
Low price, bonus talk time, free incoming are three main reasons to buy
connection with CDMA mobile handsets, But some customers dont like
CDMA mobile phone because of limited choice of handsets, difficulty in
change mobile connection and handsets, not attractiveness of handsets. 44%
respondent dont like CDMA phone because of no option to change connection
and handsets. Reliance give more advertisement of CDMA handsets connection
use hoardings and televisions as advertisement mode. Magazines and radio are
occasionally used as advertisement mediums.
40% respondents are average satisfied, while 55% fully satisfied with
CDMA phone connection. 50% respondent repurchased given schemes, 30%
respondent would not purchase these schemes but they continue use services of
service operator.
Most customers would like to purchase handsets between Rs.2000 to
Rs.10000 because most of the population belongs to middle class families.
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I found many problems faced by customer in their mobile handset. These

problems are related to battery backup, internal heating, display, sound, charger,
money, signal fluctuation etc.

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97

RECOMMENDATION

1. To capture the highest market share need to create a stable brand image
through advertisement, promotional tools, and sponsorships.
2. Target the middle class family to increase business because of rising in
purchasing power of middle class and most of the population comes from
middle class.
3. Introduce mobile handsets in middle price segment (between Rs.2000 to
Rs.10000).
4. Paid special attention to the price, product, distribution channels, and
promotions.
5. Add latest function in handsets, which is unique to other, because 30%
respondent says they give preference to function than others attributes.
6. Manufacture should manufacture more models that give many

option to

choose their handsets.

7. Improve the performance of handset through continuous research and
development.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Books:---Research Methodology
By Kothari C.R

Websites:---www.zinnov.com
www.India-cellular.com
www.google.com

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QUESTIONNAIRE
NAME_____________________
AGE_______________________
OCCUPATION______________
1. Are you using Mobile handset?
a) Yes

b) No

2.at is your mobile handset brand name?

a) Nokia

b) LG

e) Motorola

F) others

C) Samsung

c)Sony ericsson

3 Give the preferences in sequential order?

a) Its durability
b) Its reasonable price
c) Its function and attributes
d) Other reasons

4 According to you which company give more advertisement?

a) Nokia

b) LG

C) Samsung

c)Sony ericsson
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e) Motorola

F) others

5 Where do you see most advertisement of mobile handset?

a) Television

b) Radio

c) News papers

C) Hoardings

F) Canopies

d)Magazines

6 According to you which brand give more resale value of

handsets?
a) Nokia

b) LG

e) Motorola

F) others

C) Samsung

c)Sony ericsson

7 If your mobile handsets has some minor problem what will you be
do?
d. Continue to it
e. Go to service center
f. Skip to other brand

8 Mobile service center solve problem with in?

F)

one day

G) A week
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H) A Month
I)

Above

9 Would you like CDMA phone?

a) Yes

9a

b) No

If yes, why ?
a) Bonus talk time
b) Free incoming
c) Cheap price
d) Better service and cheap handsets

9b

If no, why ?
e) Very limited choice of handsets
f) Limited scheme
g) Hand is not attractive
h) No option to change connection/handsets

10Who is your CDMA handset phone service operator?

a) Reliance

b) TATA Indicom

11Which CDMA phone company gives more advertisement?

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a) Reliance

b) TATA Indicom

12What is the most effective and attractive medium used by it?

a) Television

b) Radio

C) Hoardings

F) Canopies

c) News papers

d)Magazines

13What will you do after end of given bonus talk time and free
incoming period?
d) Continue to it.
e) Re-purchase this scheme.
f) Purchase other companys scheme.

14Tick you affordable price range to purchase handset?

d) Less than Rs.2000
e) Rs.2001 to Rs.4500.
f) Rs.4501 to Rs.10, 000.
g) Above to Rs.10, 001.

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