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3 PHASE CIRCUITS
SOLVED
SUMS ON WATTMETER
Q.1. Three coils having a resistance of 20 and reactance of
15 are connected in (i) star, and ii) delta, across a three-phase,
400 V, 50 HZ supply. Calculate in each case, the readings on two
wattmeters connected to measure the power input.
R= 20
Data :
XL= 15
VL= 400 V
400
3
= 230.94 V
= 20 + 15 = 2536.87
= 25
= 36.87
=
230.94
25
= 9.24
= = 9.24
1 = cos 30
= 400 9.24 30 36.87 = 3669.46
2 = cos 30 + = 400 9.24 cos 30 + 36.87 = 1451.8
3 POWER MEASUREMENT
3 PHASE CIRCUITS
SOLVED
400
25
= 16
= 3 = 3 16 = 27.72
1 = cos 30
= 400 27.72 cos 30 36.87 = 11008.39
2 = cos 30 +
= 400 27.72 cos 30 + 36.87 = 4355.57
= 0.342
S=10 kVA
= 3
10 103 = 3
= 5.77 k
cos = 0.342
= 72
2
3 PHASE CIRCUITS
3 POWER MEASUREMENT
SOLVED
Data :
W1 = 2000 W
W2 = 500 W
3 POWER MEASUREMENT
3 PHASE CIRCUITS
tan =
1 2
1 +2
= 3
2000 500
2000 +500
SOLVED
= 1.039
= 46.102
Power factor = cos = cos (46.102) = 0.693
ii) When the latter reading is obtained after reversing the connection to
the current coil of one instrument,
W1 = 2000W
W2 = -500W
tan = 3
= 3
1 2
1 +2
2000 +500
2000 500
= 2.887
= 70.89
Power factor = cos
= 70.89 = 0.33
(ii) pf = 0
(iii) pf = 0.5
3 POWER MEASUREMENT
3 PHASE CIRCUITS
cos =1
=0
tan = tan 0 = 0
tan = 3
1 2
1 + 2
1 2
0= 3
1 + 2
W1 = W2
(ii) Power factor = 0
cos =0
= 90
tan = tan 90 =
tan = 3
1 2
1 + 2
W1 + W2 = 0
W1 = -W2
(iii) Power factor = 0.5
cos =60
tan = tan 60 = 1.732
tan = 3
1 2
1 + 2
1.732 = 3
1 2
1 + 2
W1 - W2 = W1 + W2
W2 = 0
5
SOLVED
3 POWER MEASUREMENT
3 PHASE CIRCUITS
SOLVED
(ii) Wl = -W2
1 2
1 + 2
tan = 3 (0) = 0
= 00
Power factor = cos
= cos 00 = 1
(ii) If two readings are equal and opposite,
W1 = W2
tan = 3
1 2
1 + 2
= 900
Power factor = cos = cos (90) = 0