SEKOLAH MENENGAH

KEBANGSAAN
KUALA LUMPUR
ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS
PROJECT WORK
TASK 1/2015

HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURE
SURVEY(HES)
:
: 5 DIAMOND

NAME
CLASS
IC NUMBER
TEACHER NAME
No.
1

:
: EN. WONG
Contents
Content
Introduction

PART A
FAMILY MONTHLY
INCOME AND ITS
MONTHLY
ALLOCCATION
PART B

Page

Statistical graphs

II

Mean and standard deviation

III

Comments

Data in table form

Remark

II
FAMILY MONTHLY
INCOME AND ITS
MONTHLY
ALLOCATION
FORM 5 OF MY
FRIENDS

III

Compare and comment about

finding
Line graph and bar chart:
Education and recreation for six
families
Comments

IV

Mean, standard deviation for

education and recreation
Comments

PART C
MONTHLY INCOME
WEIGHTAGE IN
DEFREE FOR SIX
FAMILIES

FURTHER
EXPLOTATION

Pie chart, bar chart and ratio form

II

Change in monthly income

20 Richest And 20 Poorest

Countries In The World And Their
Literal Level

II

Conclusion

REFLECTION

Introduction
The Household Expenditure Survey (HES) was the first conducted in the year
1957/58. Beginning 1993/94 it was carried out an interval of live years and the
current survey was undertaken in 2001/9/2010. The survey is covered private
households in urban and rural areas.

The main objective of HES was to collect information on the level and
pattern of consumption expenditure by households on a comprehensive range of
goods and services. This information served as the basis for determining the goods
and services to be included in the basket of the Consumer Price Index (CPI). It was

also used to represent the expenditure pattern of households in Malaysia.

However, over the years, demand for data from the survey has increased and
it is now used for several purposes. HES has becomes an invaluable source of
information for government and private sectors,researchers and university students.

Part A
Family Monthly Income And Its Monthly Allocation
Monthly
Number of
Income (RM) family members

4000

Categories
Food
Utility
Transportation
Education
Recreation
Others

Total

Allocation of
Income (RM)
1200
650
600
550
500
500
4000

Allocation of
Income (%)
30
16.25
15
13.75
12.5
12.5
100

Representation Of My Monthly Income By Using

Three Different Statistical Graphs
Pie Chart
Allocation of Income (%)

Food
12%

Utility
30%

12%

Transportation
Education
Recreation
Others

14%
16%
15%

Bar Graph

Allocation of Income(RM)
1400
1200

1200

1000
800

Others

650

600

600

550

500

500

Recration

Others

400
200
0
Food

Utility

Transportation Education

Line Graph
Allocation of Income(RM)
1400
1200
1200
1000
800

650

600

600

550

500

500

Column1

400
200

O
th
er
s

Re
cr
ea
tio
n

Ed
uc
at
io
n

Tr
an
sp
or
ta
tio
n

til
ity
U

Fo
od

The Mean And Standard Deviation Of Allocation

Of Income
6

Mean Of Allocation Of Income

Method A

The mean of allocation of income is

calculated by using Microsoft Excel,

Method B
The mean of allocation of income is
calculated by using following
formula,

Categories
Food
Utility
Transportation
Education
Recreation
Others

Allocation of Income (RM)

1200
650
600
550
500
500

Mean=666.67

x=

x
N

, where

= Sum of all values of data

N = Number of values of data

Thus,
1200+ 650+600+550+500+500
Mean =
6
4000
=
6
=666.667

Standard Deviation Of Allocation Of

Income
Method A

The standard deviation of

allocation of income is calculated
8

Method B

by using following formula,

x 2 ( x )2
=
, where
n

x2

The standard deviation of

allocation of income is calculated
by using following formula,

= Sum of squares of the

values of
data

= Number of values of data

= Mean

Thus,

( 4000 )
2
=
( 666.67 )
6

= Value of data

= Frequency

= Mean

fx2 ( x )2
f

, where

Thus,

16000000
=
444448.8889
6

( 4000 )
2
=
( 666.67 )
6

=1490.710494

16000000
444448.8889
6

=1490.710494

Comment
My family has spent the most allocation of income on food, which is RM
1200. We believe that healthy lifestyle is sustained by variety of food. So, we have
always buys nutritious food and supplements which have a high cost. Instead, my
family only used up RM500 which is the least money among the other categories on
recreation. We are living in an urban lifestyle that busy of works and studies.

Part B
Monthly Income And Its Monthly Allocation From
Five Of My Friends

FRIEND 1
Monthly
Income
(RM)

RM 3,000.00

Number of
Family
Members

Categories

Allocation of
Income (RM)

Allocation of
Income (%)

Food
Utility
Transportatio
n
Education
Recreation
Others

750.00
200.00
500.00

25.00
6.67
16.67

1,000.00
250.00
300.00
3,000.00

33.33
8.30
10.00
100.00

Categories

Allocation of
Income (RM)

Allocation of
Income (%)

Food
Utility
Transportatio
n
Education
Recreation
Others

800.00
1,000.00
800.00

9.41
11.76
9.41

2,000.00
200.00
3,700.00
8,500.00

23.53
2.35
43.5
100.00%

Total

FRIEND 2
Monthly
Income
(RM)

RM 8,500.00

Number of
Family
Members

Total

10

Friend 3
Monthly Income
(RM)

RM10,556.15

Number
of
Family
Member
s

Categories

Allocation of
Income (RM)

Allocation of
Income (%)

Food
Utility
Transportation
Education
Recreation
Others

1,000.00
500.00
500.00
1,000.00
500.00
7,056.15
10,556.15

9.47
4.74
4.74
9.47
4.74
66.84
100.00

Categories

Allocation of
Income (RM)

Allocation of
Income (%)

Food
Utility
Transportation
Education
Recreation
Others

1,000.00
800.00
500.00
2,000.00
1,500.00
2,2000.00
8,000.00

12.50
10.00
6.25
25.00
18.75
27.50
100.00

Total

FRIEND 4
Monthly Income
(RM)

RM 8000.00

Number
of
Family
Member
s

Total

11

FRIEND 5
Monthly Income
(RM)

RM 12,000.00

Number
of
Family
Member
s

Categories

Allocation of
Income (RM)

Allocation of
Income (%)

Food
Utility
Transportation
Education
Recreation
Others

2,000.00
1,000.00
1,000.00
3,000.00
2,000.00
3,000.00
12,000.00

16.67
8.30
8.30
25.00
16.67
25.00
100.00

Total

12

COMPARISON ABOUT MY FINDINGS

Family

FRIEND 1
FRIEND 2
FRIEND 3
FRIEND 4
FRIEND 5

Monthly
Income
(RM)

3,000.0
0
8,500.0
0
10,556.
15
8,000.0
0
12,000.
00

Number
of
Family
Member
s

Food

Utilit
y

Transport
ation

750

200

500

800

1000

800

100
0
100
0
200
0

500

500

800

500

1000

1000

4
5

Categories

Edu
cati
on
100
0
200
0
100
0
200
0
300
0

Allocation
of monthly
income
(RM)
Recr
eatio
n
250

Other
s

200

3700

500
1500

7056.
15
2200

2000

3000

300

RM3,000.0
0
RM8,500.0
0
RM10,556.
15
RM8,000.0
0
RM12,000.
00

Comment
FRIEND 5's family has the highest monthly income which is RM12, 000.00 based on my
findings. FRIEND 1's family has the lowest monthly income which is RM 3000.00 in a month.
As a comparison, FRIEND 5s family is the richest among the others friends. While the poorest
among the others friends is FRIEND 1.

13

REPRESENTATION OF EDUCATION AND

RECREATION CATEGORIES FOR SIX FAMILIES
A)

Education and Recreation Categories for Six Families

3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
Allocation of Income, RM

Education

FR
IE
N

4'
s

M
y

Fa
m

ily

Fa
m
ily

Recreation

Family

B)

14

Education and Recreation Categories for Six Families

Education

FR
IE
N

4'
s

M
y

Fa
m

Fa
m
ily

Recreation

ily

Allocation of Income, RM

3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0

Family

Comment
FRIEND 5's and FRIEND 2's family spend the most on education
category. Their families are built up by educated people. So, they think that
education has play a very important role in their life.
FRIEND 4's and FRIEND 5's family also spend the most on recreation
category compared to the other families. It is a must for them to enjoy their
lives by travelling during every holiday.

15

The Mean And Standard Deviation For Education

Category
Mean For Education Category
Method A

The mean for education category is calculated by using Microsoft Excel,

Family
My Family
FRIEND 1
FRIEND 2
FRIEND 3
FRIEND 4
FRIEND 5

Education Category
550
1000
2000
1000
2000
3000

Mean= 1591.667

Method B
The mean of for education category is calculated by using following formula,

16

x=

x
N

, where

= Sum of all values of data

N = Number of values of data

Thus,
550+1000+ 2000+1000+2000+3000
Mean =
6
=

9550
6

=1591.667

17

Standard Deviation For Education

Category
Method A

The standard deviation for education category is calculated by using

following formula,
x2

=
( x )2 , where
n

x2

= Sum of squares of the values of data

= Number of values of data

= Mean

Thus,
=

( 9550 )
2
( 1591.667 )
6

91202500
2533403.839
6

=3559.074715

Method B
The standard deviation for education category is calculated by using
following formula,
=

= Value of data

= Frequency

= Mean

fx2 ( x )2
f

, where

Thus,

( 9550 )
2
=
( 1591.667 )
6

18

91202500
2533403.839
6

=3559.074715

19

The Mean And Standard Deviation For Recreation

Category
Mean For Recreation Category
Method A

The mean for recreation category is calculated by using Microsoft Excel,

Family
Recreation Category
My Family
FRIEND 1
FRIEND 2
FRIEND 3
FRIEND 4
FRIEND 5

500
250
200
500
1500
2000

Mean=825

Method B
The mean for recreation category is calculated by using following formula,
x
x=
, where
N

= Sum of all values of data

N = Number of values of data

Thus,
500+ 250+ 200+500+1500+2000
Mean =
6
=

4950
6

=825

20

Standard Deviation For Recreation

Category
Method A

The standard deviation for recreation category is calculated by using following

formula,
x2

=
( x )2 , where
n

x2

= Sum of squares of the values of data

= Number of values of data

= Mean

Thus,
=

( 4650 )
2
( 825 )
6

21622500
725904
6

=1709.714889

Method B
The standard deviation for recreation category is calculated by using
followingformula,
=

= Value of data

= Frequency

= Mean

fx2 ( x )2
f

, where

Thus,

( 4650 )
2
=
( 825 )
6
=

21622500
725904
6

21

 =1709.714889

Comment
All of the six families have spent more income on education compared
to recreation. All of them have placed education on the first role so that they
can brighten their future.

22

Part C
Weightage In Degrees For Each Category Based On
The Monthly Income For My Family And Five Of My
Friends
Familiy

My
Family
FRIEND 1
FRIEND 2
FRIEND 3
FRIEND 4
FRIEND 5

Categories

Food

Utility

108'

58.5'

90'
33.8
8'
34.1
'
45'
60'

24'
42.35
'
17.05
'
36'
30'

Allocation
of
monthly
income in
degree

Transportatio
n
54'

Educatio
n
49.5'

Recreati
on
45'

Other
s
45'

360'

60'
33.88'

120'
84.71'

30'
8.47'

36'
156.7'

360'
360'

34.1'

34.1'

17.05'

240.6'

360'

22.5'
30'

90'
90'

67.5'
60'

99'
90'

360'
360'

Representation Of The Weightage In Degree Of Any Two

Families In The Form Of Pie Chart, Another Two Families
in The Form of Bar Chart and Another Two Families in The
Ratio Form
The Weightages in Degree of My Family and FRIEND 1s
Family in The Form of Pie Chart

Allocation of my family monthly income in degree

Food
Utility

45
108

45

Transportation
Education
Recreation

49.5

Others
54

58.5

Allocation of FRIEND 1'smonthly income in degree

Food
36
30

Utility
90

Transportation
Education

24
120

Recreation
Others

60

The Weightages in Degree of FRIEND 2's Family and

FRIEND 3's Family in The Form of Bar Chart

Allocation of FRIEND 2's monthly income in degree

180
156.7
160
140
120
100
84.71
80
Allocation of monthly income in degree
Allocation of Monthly Income in Degree 60
42.35
33.88 33.88
40
8.47
20
0

Categories

Allocation of FRIEND 3's monthly income in degree

300
240.6

250
200
150

100 in degree
Allocation of monthly income
Allocation of Monthly Income in Degree
50 34.117.0534.1 34.117.05
0

Categories

The Weightage in Degree of FRIEND 4's Family and

FRIEND 5's Family in The Ratio Form.

Family

FRIEND 4
FRIEND 5

Food

Utility

45'
10
60'
2

36'
8
30'
1

Category
Transpor Educatio
tation
n
22.5'
90'
5
20
30'
90'
1
3

Recreati
on
67.5
15
60'
2

The weightages in degrees of FRIEND 4 in the form of ratio;

45:36:22.5:90:67.5:99
=10:8:5:20:15:22
The weightages in degrees of FRIEND 5 in the form of ratio;
60:30:30:90:60:90
= 2:1:1:3:2:3

Others
99'
22
90'
3

The Corresponding Expected Monthly Income From

The Information Given For Me And Five Of My
Friends
Family

My
Family
FRIEND 1
FRIEND 2
FRIEND 3
FRIEND 4
FRIEND 5

Categories

Food

Utility

132
0
825
880
110
0
110
0
220
0

Alocation
of
Income
(RM)

Educatio
n
566.5

Recreatio
n
510

Others

682.5

Transportati
on
600

550

4229

210
1050
525

500
800
500

1030
2060
1030

245
196
480

840

500

2060

1470

330
4070
7761.1
5
2420

3140
9056
11396.7
7
8390

1050

1000

3090

2940

3300

13580

Further Explorations
20 Richest Countries And Their Literate Level
Name Of 20 Richest Countries According
to Ranking
United States
Japan
Germany
China
United Kingdom
France
Italy
Spain
Canada
Brazil
India
South Korea
Mexico
Russian Federation
Autralia
Netherlands
Switzerland

Literate Level. (%)

99.00%
99.00%
99.00%
94.00%
99.00%
99.00%
98.40%
97.70%
99.00%
90.40%
73.00%
97.90%
86.10%
99.60%
99.00%
99.00%
99.00%

Poland
Turkey
Sweden

99.50%
95.20%
99.00%

20 Poorest Countries And Their Literate Level

Name Of 20 Poorest Countries According
to Ranking
Congo
Liberia
Burundi
Zimbabwe
Eritea
Central African Republic
Niger
Sierra Leone
Malawi
Togo
Madagascar
Afghanistan
Mozambique
Guinea
Ethiopia
Guinea Bissau
Comoros
Haiti
Uganda
Rwanda

Literate Level.(%)
66.80%
60.80%
67.20%
90.70%
80.00%
56.00%
28.70%
35.14%
74.80%
60.90%
64.50%
34.00%
56.10%
41.00%
42.70%
54.20%
74.90%
61.00%
66.80%
71.10%

Conclusion
According to my research, the country that has a higher literacy level is
usually richer than the country that has a lower literacy level.
The lists were arranged with 20 Richest and 20 Poorest countries based on
their countries income. Almost all of the top 20 richest country have 90's %
of literacy level. While the 20 Poorest countries have low literacy level which
is between 30's % to 60's % except for several country such as Zimbabwe
and Eritea.

Reflection
All knowledge requires a lot of wise and diligent people to expand a certain
principle, so do the Household Expenditure Survey (HES). Humans are created to
complete and correct each other. Concepts in HES help us to understand and
acknowledge our monthly expenditure in daily life. For example, with the help of a
statistical graph, we can easily understand the flow of money clearly. Also, when
conducting this project, I realized that concepts in HES are widely implemented
throughout our lives directly and indirectly as well. Therefore, I think knowledge of
HES is indeed very important. Every person who is given opportunity to learn this
subject should be grateful and make full use of the knowledge by practicing it in
daily lives. However, some people just do no notice the importance of those
concepts, similar to peoples described in Sophie Doomknuckles poem, See.

You cant see them

But I can
Theyre everywhere
Your fingers just traced eight of them
Unnoticed by you
But not me
I count them every day
Even though
You cant see them

Lastly, knowledge in this subject helps us to keep doing a lot of things in our

lives. I my opinion, Matthew Miklavcies poem, Invincible, metaphorically

reflects the importance of this subject.

I stand next to you,

Watching and learning
I move things,
When you need them moved
I tell you an idea,
When you are looking for one
I help you with things,
When you need it,
But even this goes unnoticed.