Constitutional Law II (Prof.

Michael Vernon Guerrero Mendiola)

OUTLINE IN CONSTITUTIONAL LAW II

Prof. Michael Vernon Guerrero Mendiola
Arellano University School of Law
First Semester, SY 2013-2014
III.Power of Eminent Domain
A. Definition and Nature
1. Power of the government
2. Power not absolute
3. Power of eminent domain as against Procedure of expropriation
4. The general power to exercise the right of eminent domain and the right to exercise eminent domain

C100 City of Manila vs. Chinese Community of Manila, GR 14355, 31 October 1919; First
Division, Johnson [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1919/oct1919/gr_l-14355_1919.html) <
5. Power of eminent domain different from police power

C101 City Government of Quezon City vs. Ericta, GR L-34915, 24 June 1983; First Division,
Gutierrez Jr. [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1983/jun1983/gr_l_34915_1983.html) <
6. Intermingling of police power and power of eminent domain; Determination

C102 Association of Small Landowners in the Philippines, Inc. vs. Secretary of Agrarian
Reform,
GR
78742,
14
July
1989;
En
Banc,
Cruz
[J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1989/jul1989/gr_78742_1989.html) <

B. Limitations
1. In general
a. Constitutional
(1) Article III, Section 9, 1987 Constitution
(2) Due Process and equal protection clauses (Article III, Section 1, 1987 Constitution)
(a) Due Process
[1] Specific to eminent domain
[a] the government may not capriciously or arbitrarily choose what private property
should be taken
[b] Just compensation when private property taken for public use
[2] In general
(b) Equal protection clause
(3) In relation to Non-impairment clause
b. Not merely for public convenience
c. Prohibition does not lie against expropriation

C200 Yusay vs. Court of Appeals, GR 156684, 6 April 2011; Third Division Resolution,
Bersamin [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2011/apr2011/gr_156684_2011.html) <
d. Eminent Domain Not Barred by Res Judicata

C201 Republic of the Philippines vs. de Knecht, GR 87335, 12 February 1990; First Division,
Gancayco [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1990/feb1990/gr_87335_1990.html) <
2. Local government
C. Construction and Burden of proof
1. Construction
2. Burden of proof
D. Stages for expropriation

C300 Municipality of Bian vs. Garcia, GR 69260, 22 December 1989; First Division, Narvasa [J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1989/dec1989/gr_69260_1989.html) <

xxxx Republic of the Philippines [University of the Philippines] vs. Legaspi, GR 177611, 18 April
2012; Second Division, Perez [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2012/apr2012/gr_177611_2012.html) <
E. Judicial process
1. Role of court
2. Nature of proceedings
3. Jurisdiction

C400 Barangay San Roque v. Heirs of Pastor, GR 138896, 20 June 2000 ; Third Division,
Panganiban [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2000/jun2000/gr_138896_2000.html) <
4. Rule applicable
a. Ordinary cases (Rule 67, Rules of Court)
b. National Government Infrastructure Projects (RA 8974)
5. Procedure
F. Authority to expropriate
1. National government
2. Local government
a. In general (Local Government Code)
b. Charters

C500 Philippine Columbian Association vs. Panis, GR 106528, 21 December 1993; First

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Constitutional Law II (Prof. Michael Vernon Guerrero Mendiola)

Division, Quiason [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1993/dec1993/gr_106528_1993.html) <

3. Others
a. President/Chief Executive

C501 Visayan Refining Company vs. Camus, GR l-15870, 3 December 1919; En Banc, Street
[J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1919/dec1919/gr_l-15870_1919.html) <
(1) American regime
(a) Conferred on the Government of the Philippine Islands, Delegated to the GovernorGeneral
(b) Expropriation proceedings maintained upon the exclusive initiative of the GovernorGeneral
(2) Marcos era: President had legislative powers
b. Government Owned and Controlled Corporation
(1) Basis of power (samples, e.g. NHA, PEZA)
(2) Proof of Authority
c. Others
G. Requisites, local government

C600 Moday vs. Court of Appeals, GR 107916, 20 February 1997; Second Division, Romero [J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1997/feb1997/gr_107916_1997.html) <

C601 Municipality of Paraaque vs. VM Realty Corporation, GR 127820, 20 July 1998; First
Division, Panganiban [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1998/jul1998/gr_127820_1998.html) <
C602 Heirs of Suguitan vs. City of Mandaluyong, GR 135087, 14 March 2000; Third Division,
Gonzaga-Reyes [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2000/mar2000/gr_135087_2000.html) <
1. Ordinance
a. Distinction between RA 7160 and BP 337
(1) Review of ordinance/resolution under then BP 337
b. Inconsistencies of IRR with the Code
2. Public purpose
3. Just compensation
4. Valid and definite offer

C603 Jesus is Lord Christian School Foundation Inc. vs. Municipality [now City] of Pasig,
Metro Manila, GR 152230, 9 August 2005; Second Division, Callejo Sr. [J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2005/aug2005/gr_152230_2005.html) <

H. Requisites, in general

C700 Manapat vs. Court of Appeals, GR 100478, 15 October 2007; Third Division, Nachura [J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2007/oct2007/gr_110478_2007.html) <

1. Private property
a. Whether tangible or intangible
(1) Tangible: Land
(a) Size of land
[1] Land, not confined to landed estates

C701 JM Tuason vs. Land Tenure Administration, GR L-21064, 18 February 1970;

En Banc, Fernando [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1970/feb1970/gr_21064_1970.html) <
[2] Urban land reform
(b) Easement

C702 National Power Corporation vs. Tiangco, GR 170846, 6 February 2007; First
Division, Garcia [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2007/feb2007/gr_170846_2007.html) <
(c) Soil and subsoil
[1] Excavated soil not separate from land
[2] Landowner's rights does not extend to sub-soil
(2) Intangibles: Interconnection

C703 Republic of the Philippines vs. Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company,
GR
L-18841,
27
January
1969;
En
Banc,
Reyes
JBL
[J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1969/jan1969/gr_l-18841_1969.html) <

b. Other property
(1) Cemetery
(2) National infrastructure projects
(3) Paraphernal property

C704 City of Baguio vs. National Waterworks and Sewerage Authority, GR L-12032, 31
August 1959; En Banc, Bautista Angelo [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1959/aug1959/gr_l12032_1959.html) <

(a) Determination whether property is paraphernal or public property of LGU

C705 Province of Zamboanga del Norte vs. City of Zamboanga, GR L-24440, 28

March 1968; En Banc, Bengzon JP [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1968/mar1968/gr_l24440_1968.html) <

2. Genuine Necessity to take private property

C706 De Knecht vs. Bautista, GR L-51078, 30 October 1980; First Division, Fernandez [J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1980/oct1980/gr_51078_1980.html) <

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Constitutional Law II (Prof. Michael Vernon Guerrero Mendiola)

C707 Municipality of Meycauayan, Bulacan vs. Intermediate Appellate Court, GR L-72126,

29
January
1988;
Third
Division,
Gutierrez
[J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1988/jan1988/gr_72126_1988.html) <

C708 Masikip vs. City of Pasig, GR 136349, 23 January 2006; Second Division, SandovalGutierrez [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2006/jan2006/gr_136349_2006.html) <
a. Standard of genuine necessity
3. Taking for public use

C709 Republic of the Philippines vs. Vda. de Castellvi, GR L-20620, 15 August 1974; En Banc,
Zaldivar [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1974/aug1974/gr_l_20620_1974.html) <
a. Taking
(1) Requisites
(2) Deprivation of use

C70A People vs. Fajardo , GR L-12172, 29 August 1958; En Banc, Reyes JBL [J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1958/aug1958/gr_l-12172_1958.html) <

C70B National Power Corporation vs. Gutierrez, GR L-60077, 18 January 1991; Third
Division, Bidin [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1991/jan1991/gr_60077_1991.html) <
C70C Philippine Press Institute v. Commission on Elections, GR L-119694, 22 May
1995; En Banc, Feliciano [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1995/may1995/gr_l_11994_1995.html) <
C70D U.S. v. Causby, 328 U.S. 256 (1946)
(a) Plaza view
(b) Easement of right-of-way
(c) Newspaper space
(3) Time of taking
(a) Ordinary circumstances
(b) Hacienda Luisita

xxxx Hacienda Luisita Inc. vs. Presidential Agrarian Reform Council, GR 171101,
22
November
2011;
En
Banc
Resolution,
Velasco
Jr.
[J]
(http://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2011/nov2011/gr_171101_2011.html) <

C70E Hacienda Luisita Inc. vs. Presidential Agrarian Reform Council, GR 171101,
24
April
2012;
En
Banc
Resolution,
Velasco
Jr.
[J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2012/apr2012/gr_171101_2012.html) <

b. Public use

C70F Heirs of Ardona vs. Reyes, GR L-60549, 26 October 1983; En Banc, Gutierrez Jr. [J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1983/oct1983/gr_l_60549_1983.html) <

C710 Sumulong vs. Guerrero, GR L-48685, 30 September 1987; En Banc, Cortez [J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1987/sep1987/gr_l_48685_1987.html) <

C711 Province of Camarines Sur vs. Court of Appeals, GR 103125, 17 May 1993; First
Division, Quiason [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1993/may1993/gr_103125_1993.html) <
C712 Manosca vs. Court of Appeals, GR 106440, 29 January 1996; First Division, Vitug [J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1996/jan1996/gr_106440_1996.html) <

C713 Estate of Jimenez vs. Philippine Export Processing Zone, GR 137285, 16 January
2001;
Second
Division,
De
Leon
Jr.
[J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2001/jan2001/gr_137285_2001.html) <

(1) Tourism
(2) Irrigation
(3) Pilot farm for non-food and non-traditional agricultural crops and a housing project for
provincial government employees
(4) Land reform
(a) Urban land reform
[1] Constitutional recognition
[2] Legal history
[3] Socialized housing
[4] Priority under RA 7279

C714 Filstream International Incorporated vs. Court Appeals, GR 125218, 23

January
1998;
Third
Division,
Francisco
[J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1998/jan1998/gr_125218_1998.html) <

C715 City of Mandaluyong vs. Aguilar, GR 137152, 29 January 2001; First

Division, Puno [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2001/jan2001/gr_137152_2001.html) <
C716 Lagcao vs. Labra, GR 155746, 13 October 2004; En Banc, Corona [J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2004/oct2004/gr_155746_2004.html) <

[a] Purpose of the requirements under RA 7279

[b] Small landowners exempted under RA 7279
[c] Partition by co-owners
[d] Republic Act 7279 does not apply to expropriation cases before its enactment
[e] Observation on the squatter problem
(b) Agrarian land reform
[1] Legal history

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Constitutional Law II (Prof. Michael Vernon Guerrero Mendiola)

[2] Inclusion of private landholdings in the CARP

4. Just compensation

C717 Export Processing Zone Authority vs. Dulay, GR L-59603, 29 April 1987; En Banc,
Gutierrez [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1987/apr1987/gr_l_59603_1987.html) <
a. Definition
b. Deposit upon taking?
c. Amount for the issuance of writ of possession
(1) Ordinary cases

xxxx National Power Corporation vs. Jocson, GRs 94193-99, 25 February 1992; En
Banc, Davide Jr. [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1992/feb1992/gr_94193_1992.html) <
C718 Robern Development Corporation vs. Quitain, GR 135042, 23 September 1999; En
Banc, Panganiban [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1999/sep1999/gr_135042_1999.html) <
(2) National infrastructure projects
d. Full amount of "just compensation"

C719 Republic of the Philippines vs. Intermediate Appellate Court, GR 71176, May 21,
1990 ; Third Division, Fernan [CJ] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1990/may1990/gr_71176_!990.html)
<

C71A Ansaldo vs. Tantuico, GR L-50147, 3 August 1990; First Division, Narvasa [J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1990/aug1990/gr_l_50147_1990.html) <

C71B Eslaban v. De Onorio, GR 146062, 28 June 2001 ; Second Division, Mendoza [J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2001/jun2001/gr_146062_2001.html) <

C71C National Power Corporation v. San Pedro, GR 170945, 26 September 2006 ; First
Division, Callejo Sr. [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2006/sep2006/gr_170945_2006.html) <
C71D Republic of the Philippines [National Irrigation Administration] vs. Rural Bank of
Kabacan Inc., GR 185124, 25 January 2012; Second Division, Sereno [J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2012/jan2012/gr_185124_2012.html) <

(1) Judicial determination

(a) Ordinary cases and National infrastructure projects
[1] In general
[a] Trial by commissioners

C71E
First

Manila Electric Company vs. Pineda, GR L-59791, 13 February 1992;

Division,
Medialdea
[J]

(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1992/feb1992/gr_59791_1992.html) <

C71F Leca Realty Corporation vs. Republic of the Philippines, GR 155605, 27

September
2006;
First
Division,
Panganiban
[CJ]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2006/sep2006/gr_155605_2006.html) <

[b] Commissioners' report

C720 National Power Corporation vs. dela Cruz, GR 156093, 2 February 2007;
Second
Division,
Velasco
Jr.
[J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2007/feb2007/gr_156093_2007.html) <

[2] National infrastructure projects

[a] Appointment of commissioners
(b) Agrarian Reform
(2) Reckoning period
(a) From time of taking or time of filing of complaint, whichever comes first.
(b) Actual taking or time of the judgment of the court, whichever is first unconstitutional
(3) Basis of amount for just compensation
(a) Classification of property during time of taking

C721 National Power Corporation vs. Henson, GR 129998, 29 December 1998; Third
Division, Pardo [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1998/dec1998/gr_129998_1998.html) <
(b) Value
[1] Ordinary cases
[a] Not necessarily zonal value
[b] Not set by judicial notice
[c] Various considerations; Market value
[2] National Government Infrastructure Projects (RA 8974)
(4) Estoppel, as to amount of just compensation

C722 City of Cebu vs. Dedamo, GR 142971, 7 May 2002; First Division, Davide Jr. [CJ]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2002/may2002/gr_142971_2002.html) <

(a) On the part of the landowner(s)

(b) On the part of the government
(5) Reasonable time to pay
(a) Ordinary cases
(b) National Government Infrastructure Projects (RA 8974)
(6) Manner of payment

xxxx Association of Small Landowners in the Philippines, Inc. vs. Secretary of

Agrarian Reform, GR 78742, 14 July 1989; En Banc, Cruz [J] (supra., )

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Constitutional Law II (Prof. Michael Vernon Guerrero Mendiola)

C723 Land Bank of the Philippines vs. Court of Appeals, GR 118712, 6 October 1995;
Second
Division,
Francisco
R
[J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1995/oct1995/gr_118712_1995.html) <

(a) On agrarian reform

[1] Deposit in cash and LBP bonds
(7) Interest

C724 National Power Corporation vs. Angas, GRs 60225-26, 8 May 1992; Second
Division, Paras [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1992/may1992/gr_60225_26_1992.html) <
C725 Land Bank of the Philippines vs. Wycoco, GR 140160, 13 January 2004; First
Division, Ynares-Santiago [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2004/jan2004/gr_140160_2004.html) <
(a) In the form of indemnity for damages (6%)
(b) In the form of forbearance of money due to delay (12%)
5. Due process
I. Incidents to the expropriation process
1. Uncertain owner
2. Opposition by owner of expropriated property
a. Form of opposition
b. Appropriate action by Court as to defenses and objections
3. Validity of mortgage while expropriation pending
4. Order of expropriation, writ of execution, and writ of possession

C800 City of Manila vs. Serrano, GR 142304, 20 June 2001; Second Division, Mendoza [J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2001/jun2001/gr_142304_2001.html) <

C801 Republic of the Philippines vs. Gingoyon, GR 166429, 19 December 2005; En Banc,
Tinga [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2005/dec2005/gr_166429_2005.html) <
a. Ordinary cases
(1) Writ of execution and subsequent determination of other requirements for expropriation
(2) Effect of order
b. National Government Infrastructure Projects (RA 8974)
(1) Full payment before issuance of writ of possession
(2) Effect of order
5. Withdrawal of amounts
a. Ordinary cases
b. Agrarian reform
6. Appeal

C802 Marinduque Mining and Industrial Corporation vs. Court of Appeals, GR 161219, 6
October
2008;
First
Division,
Carpio
[J]
(http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2008/oct2008/gr_161219_2008.html) <

a. Record of appeal
b. Judicial Review
7. Claim for compensation
8. Execution
a. Exception to general rule

C803 Coscuella vs. Court of Appeals, GR 77765, 15 August 1988; Third Division, Gutierrez Jr.
[J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1988/aug1988/gr_77765_1988.html) <
9. Transfer of title
10. Withdrawal by government from expropriation case

C804 National Housing Authority vs. Heirs of Guivelondo, GR 154411, 19 June 2003; First
Division, Ynares-Santiago [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2003/jun2003/gr_154411_2003.html) <
a. Dismissal of action to expropriate, when allowed
b. Dismissal of action to expropriate, when not allowed
(1) When landowner already prejudiced
11. Recovery

C805 Air Transportation Office vs. Gopuco, GR 158563, 30 June 2005; Second Division, ChicoNazario [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2005/jun2005/gr_158563_2005.html) <
a. Recovery due to non-payment; Recovery of property and rentals

C806 Republic of the Philippines vs. Hidalgo, GR 161657, 4 October 2007; First Division,
Garcia [J] (http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2007/oct2007/gr_161657_2007.html) <
b. When not possible
(1) When order of expropriation has long become final and executory

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