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x - 0
(1)
o if the population parameters are not known, we have to use the sample
statistics instead ( x , s12 , s1 ). Then we have to decide on the sample size. If the
sample size > 30, we use the formula (2) to calculate the test statistic and the
critical value is calculated using a function NORMSINV ( 1 / 2 ). If the
sample size <= 30, we use the formula (3) to calculate the test statistic and the
critical value is calculated using a function TINV ( ; n 1 ).
u =
x - 0
s1
t =
x - 0
s1
independent
ii
matched (dependent)
Elaborated by: Ing. Martina Majorov, Dept. of Statistics and Operations Research, FEM SUA in Nitra
-1-
1bi. Hypothesis test about the difference between means of two populations
(independent samples)
-
1 - 2
u =
n 2 12
+ n1 22
(4)
n1.n 2
o if the population parameters are not known, we have to use the sample
statistics instead ( x , s12 , s1 ). Then we have to decide on the sample size. If the
sample size of BOTH samples is > 30 (i.e. n1 > 30 AND n2 > 30), we use the
formula (5) to calculate the test statistic and the critical value is calculated
using a function NORMSINV ( 1 / 2 ). If the sample size of at least one
sample is <= 30 (i.e. either n1 <= 30 OR n2 <= 30), we use the formula (6) to
calculate the test statistic and the critical value is calculated using a function
TINV ( ; (n1 + n2 2) ).
x1 - x2 ( 1 2 )
u =
2
2
+ n1 s12
n 2 s11
n1 .n2
x1 - x 2
2
2
+ n1s12
n 2 s11
n1.n 2
x1 - x 2
t =
2
(n1 1) s11
2
+ (n2 1) s12
n1 .n2
n1 + n2
n1 + n2 2
1bii. Hypothesis test about the difference between means of two populations (matched
samples)
-
o to calculate the test statistic, we use the formula (7) and the critical value is
calculated using a function TINV ( ; n 1 ).
o the test can also be performed using Tools/Data Analysis/t-test: paired two
sample for means
t=
(d i d )
n
i =1
n (n 1)
Elaborated by: Ing. Martina Majorov, Dept. of Statistics and Operations Research, FEM SUA in Nitra
-2-
1c. Hypothesis test about mean (more than two mean values)
- the test is called Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
Elaborated by: Ing. Martina Majorov, Dept. of Statistics and Operations Research, FEM SUA in Nitra
-3-