TLIH107D - Interpret Road Maps and Navigate Pre-Determined Route - Learner Guide

TLIH107D Interpret
road maps and navigate

pre-determined route
Learner Guide
Contents
What this Learner’s Guide is about ........................................ 1
Plan your learning .................................................................. 2
How will you be assessed? .................................................... 4
Section 1 Identify and determine the pre-planned route ............... 5

How do I identify and determine the pre-planned route? ....... 7
What is a map? ...................................................................... 9
How do I find and use the right map?...................................... 18
What do I need to know when following a route? ................... 22
How do I interpret directions? ................................................ 22
Why do I need to have alternative routes?........................... 24
How do I follow a pre-determined route correctly?............... 27
Section 2 Complete the necessary documentation ..................... 29

How do I complete the necessary documentation? ............. 31
Additional resources....................................................................... 33
Feedback on activities .................................................................... 37

TLIH107D Interpret road maps and navigate pre-determined routes
What this Learner’s Guide is about
This Learner’s Guide is about the skills and knowledge required to
interpret road maps and navigate routes as part of transport
operations including identifying and determining the most appropriate
route, and completing required route documentation in accordance
with operational requirements.
The unit of competency TLIH107D Interpret road maps and navigate
pre-‐determined routes is from the Transport and Logistics Training
Package (TLI07). It has a number of elements of competency that are
covered in this guide. These are:
• Identify and determine the pre-‐planned route.
• Complete necessary documentation.
© Department of Education, Science and Training 2005 Page 1

Customised and Developed by Armstrong’s Drive Education P/L – April 2008 ADELG1012
Plan your learning
It is important to plan your learning before you start because you may
already have some of the knowledge and skills that are covered in this
Learner’s Guide. This might be because:
• you have been working in the industry for some time,
and/or
• you have already completed training in this area.
Together with your supervisor or trainer, use the checklist on the
following pages to help you plan your study program. Your answers to
the questions in the checklist will help you work out which sections of
this Learner’s Guide you need to complete.
This Learner’s Guide is written with the idea that learning is made
more relevant when you, the learner, are actually working in the
industry. This means that you will have people within your enterprise
who can show you things, discuss how things are done and answer any
questions you have. Also you can practise what you learn and see how
what you learn is applied in the enterprise.
If you are working through this Learner’s Guide and have not yet found
a job in the industry, you will need to talk to your trainer about doing
work experience or working and learning in some sort of simulated
workplace.
Page 2 © Department of Education, Science and Training 2005

ADELG1012 Cusomised and Developed by Armstrong’s Driver Education P/L – April 2008
Section 1: Identify and determine the pre-

planned route
Are you able to: Yes No

1. Access and interpret relevant documents
on the route?
2. Identify and access relevant street
directory or road maps?
3. Recognise and identify street directory
and road map symbols?
4. Identify points of departure and
destination in a directory index and use
the information to locate them on a map?
5. Understand directions for a route and
trace them using a street directory and
road map?
6. Identify key intersections and other
landmarks in a map for use in following
the planned route?
7. Identify alternative routes for possible
contingency situations such as
emergencies or traffic delays?
8. Correctly follow pre-‐determined routes?
Section 2: Complete the necessary

documentation
Are you able to: Yes No

1. Complete the necessary route
documentation depending on the type of
transportation and workplace
requirements?

How will you be assessed?
Assessment of this unit of competency will include observation of real
or simulated work processes using workplace procedures and
questioning on underpinning knowledge and skills. It must be
demonstrated in an actual or simulated work situation under
supervision.
You will be required to demonstrate that you can:

• access and interpret any documentation on the pre-‐
determined route
• identify and access relevant street directory or road map
• identify in a directory index and located on a map points of
departure and destination
• understand directions for a route and trace it using a
street directory or road map
• identify key intersections and other landmarks on a map
for use in following the planned route
• identify alternative routes for possible contingency
situations such as emergencies or traffic delays
• correctly follow a pre-‐determined route
• complete the necessary route documentation depending
on the type of transportation and workplace
requirements.

Section 1 Identify and

determine the pre-
planned route

Section outline
Areas covered in this section are:
• relevant documents on the route are accessed and
interpreted
• relevant street directory or road maps are identified and
accessed
• street directory and road map symbols are recognised and
identified
• points of departure and destination are identified in a
directory index and located on a map
• directions for a route are understood and the route traced
using a street directory or road map
• key intersections and other landmarks along the route are
identified for use in following the planned route
• alternative routes are identified for possible contingency
situations such as emergencies or traffic delays
• pre-‐determined route is correctly followed.

How do I identify and determine the pre-planned

route?
It is very important before embarking on any journey that you have a
plan of where to go and how to get there. It is also vital to know how
to get around when you are there. If you were to just set off in the
general direction there is a good chance that you may not get there at
all or even worse, get lost.
There are a few ways you can work out how to get somewhere. You
could ask someone who knows how to get there, you could recall on
past experience if you have done the journey before, or you could look
at a map and find out for yourself.
Using a map gives you advantages that the other two can’t. A map
visually shows you a route, it shows all the main features on a route
and displays alternative ways you can go. But a map can’t do this by
itself; it needs you to interpret it.
Know where you are going

Before you set out on a journey you must obviously know where to go.
There are a few ways of finding this out. Your organisation will provide
you with certain details of a job before you set out. You should be
aware of your destination and any requirements you need to follow
such as special parking procedures, time your arrival is required and
the type of delivery and so on.
You may also receive documentation along the way that will tell you
where you are required to go. Your organisation may only give you a
location of where to pick something up and give you a general area of
where it must be delivered to. Specific information of the destination
canl come from the pick-‐up point and will require you to navigate your
own way to the precise destination using a map.
Answer the following activity questions to identify how to get the
necessary details of a job during your daily work activities.

Activity 1: Identify and determine the pre-planned route
Having the correct information is very important for any type of
transport job. Your organisation or customers should let you know as
much as they can about a job before you set out. Answer the following
question in the space provided below.
How do you get details from your organisation regarding a job?
If your organisation does not supply all the details of a job, where is it
that you get the rest of the details from? Record your answer below.
There is feedback on this activity at the back of this Learner’s Guide.

What is a map?
A map represents an area of land using symbols and lines that show
people ways to travel from one place to another.
A map gives a person an idea of how to get around so they can keep
track of their location and not get lost. By looking at what the lines and
symbols on a map represent a person can know what to expect when
they are travelling.
The key features of a map are the:

• symbols and lines which are the picture representations
that stand for something on the ground
• legend or key which tells you what the symbols and lines
mean
• scale tells you of the distance on the map compared to the
distance on the ground
• directory index lists all the name of all the things that
appear on a map, e.g. street names, police stations,
hospitals and so on
• coordinates are a grid of lines on the face of the map
which provides a reference to make it easier to locate
something on the map.

The map below with the main features pointed out is a street
directory and shows the streets of a city.
Symbols and Lines Legend or Key Scale Coordinates
Figure 1: An example of a street directory and its features

This map below is a road map and shows highways and roads between
country towns and cities. It has the main features of the coordinates,
symbols, scale and legend pointed out.
Legend or Key Symbols and Lines Scale Coordinates

Figure 2: An example of a road map and its features

Symbols and lines

A symbol is a thing that stands for something. You may be familiar with
some symbols that are used in daily life, some examples are:

Symbol for phone

Symbol for restrooms

Symbol for airport

Figure 3: Example of common symbols
Symbols are a crucial to a map. Without symbols a map could not
contain all the information that it does. It would not be able to show
buildings, railroads, train stations, airports and points of interest like
cemeteries, parks and lakes.
Lines are generally used to show the quality and type of road. They do
this be varying their width and colour depending on the type of road
they represent.
A good map will have symbols and lines that are well designed to allow
for easy recognition of what they stand for.

Activity 2: Symbols
Can you think of any symbols that you come across in everyday life.
Draw some of them below and write what they represent next to
them. Try to do at least 3 and you will be going well. If you complete 5
you will be doing great! If you can complete 7 or more then you
deserve a round of applause!!

The legend or key

The key, or legend as it is more commonly called, is an area which
provides a definition of the symbols that are used on a map. This is so
the user can refer to the symbols with an understanding of what they
mean and not leave it up to guess work. Below is an example of a map
legend.

Figure 4: An example of a map legend or key
The Scale
A map needs to be at a reduced measurement in comparison with the
real area that it covers. The feature on a map that tells you how much
a map is reduced compared to the ground is called a scale. The scale
enables the map user to measure the distance on the map and
therefore determine the distance on the ground. The distance may be
represented in various ways depending on the purpose which the map
has to serve and what it covers. Below is an example of what a map’s
scale will look like.

Figure 5: An example of a map scale

Directory Index
A directory index is a system whereby names of a map’s characteristics
are listed for quick reference. You can use the directory index to locate
you point of departure and destination on a map when you begin
planning your route.
Some maps like street directories are very complex. If someone was to
ask you to find a street you didn’t know, it would take you a long time
to find it on the map. A directory index solves this problem. It lists all
the streets on the map so when you are looking for one you can simply
look it up in the directory index and it will tell you where it is located
on the map. Depending on the map it will also do this for other
features such as street and road names, hospitals, rest areas, parks
and so on. The index is usually divided into different sections such as:
• street names
• places of interest
• public buildings
• hospitals.
Coordinates
Coordinates are used in conjunction with the directory index. A
coordinate is a number and letter matched together. For example it
will look like D5. They are linked to a map via the grid of vertical and
horizontal lines that run across the face of the map with numbers
going down one side and letters on the other. To find the coordinates
you simply find the letter down one side and the number down the
other. Follow the grid lines until they interconnect and there you have
the coordinates of a place on the map.

Figure 6: Example of coordinates on a map and the point they interconnect at D5
Below in activity 3 is a practical example of how to use the directory
index and coordinates to locate something on a map. You can use the
same method to locate things like a point of departure and a
destination.

Activity 3: Finding a location on a map using the directory index
To use the directory index and the coordinates together you need to
follow the steps below. Perform so you can find the coordinates of a
place on a map. Select a map that you use during your daily work
activities. Choose a street to look up that is on the map and follow the
steps below.
1. Turn to the directory index that should be in the front or back of
your street directory or located on the back or bottom of your road
map (provided in the example below).
2. Locate the heading the place you want to locate will be under. For
example if it is a street look under the part that has the street
name listings.
3. Look at the first letter of the name -‐ Brunswick St.
4. Use the alphabetical order to turn to the B section of the index.
5. Look at the second letter of the name -‐ Brunswick St.
6. Now find in the B section the streets that begin with Br.
7. Find Brunswick St in the suburb you are after -‐ Brunswick St, Fitzroy
or Brunswick St, Glenvale and so on.
8. Look at the map number -‐ 44 (if applicable) and the coordinates -‐
G4.
9. You now have the information you need to find the place you are
after.

How do I find and use the right map?
Using the right map for the task will make your job an easier one.
There is no point using an interstate road map if you want to find out
where you can park in the city because it will not have the right kind of
information or detail. You must gain access to the type of map that will
be most suited to you depending on the type of transport job you are
going to undertake.
You need to distinguish the differences between maps and determine
which one will be the most useful to you. Look for a map that will
contain the qualities that you need for a job. For example if you need
to know where there are one way streets and places to park you
should look for a map that has that type of information, like a street
directory. If you need to know where rest stops are on a highway then
obviously you will require a road map containing that particular
information.
If a map only has part of the information then you should look for
further documentation or another map that you can also use. You may
need a combination of maps. For example if you are travelling on a
highway and into the city you will need both a road map and a street
directory. Or if you are travelling across the city to a place that is large
enough to require its own map like a university or cemetery you will
need a map specific to that area so you can navigate your way around
your destination once you are there. This way you will have all the
required information that you need to navigate your entire journey.

Figure 7: An example of a street directory and road map
It is important that you know how to access any documents that your
organisation can provide to make it easier to identify possible routes
you can take. You will require maps that are specific to the type of

transport operation you are undertaking. Use the following activity to
identify which map you can use for your job.

Activity 4: Using the right map
Case study: Jo is driving from Sydney to Melbourne. She has to find a
place to park in the city once she gets there. Because she only has a
road map of Sydney to Melbourne with her, when she gets to the
outskirts of the city she doesn’t know where to go and gets
completely lost and wastes a lot of travelling time.
How could Jo have avoided getting lost? What other map should she
have taken? Why? Record your answer below.
Answer the two following questions and record your answer in the
space provided. What are the best maps to use for the type of
transportation jobs you undertake?

How do you access these maps?

What do I need to know when following a route?
Your organisation may give you a pre-‐determined route to follow

marked out on a map when you undertake a job. They might give you
directions which you will have to look up on a map to gain a further
understanding of the route to take. Alternatively you may have to plan
the route for yourself. You will need to know how to follow a route on
a map. There are certain steps you can take to make the task of
following a planned route much easier.
Taking notice of features such as key intersections, buildings, and
landmarks on the map will provide you with a point of reference so
you will know you are on the right path. You should use the legend to
identify the symbols of any features that you can take note of during
your journey.
You should calculate the distance of the journey so you can estimate
how far you will have to travel. It will also allow you to estimate the
distance between sections of the route so it will let you know around
what distance you will have to make a turn or expect to see a landmark
to assist you with following a route.
Making notes of things that will remind you of elements such as turns
and landmarks to refer to along the way will help you maintain a
familiarity with your planning.
Key intersections and other landmarks

It helps when you trace a route on a map to identify key landmarks or
major intersections so you will know you are on the right path. When
planning your trip you should take note of these on the map so you will
have a better idea of where you are and how far to go when you are
on the road.
How do I interpret directions?
When your organisation or someone else gives you directions it is
important you can understand and follow them. Most directions
contain only the major details you will need to keep you on the right
track. These details are usually a set of instructions of where to turn
and what features to look out for so you know you are on the right
track. Complete the activity below to practice following directions on a
map.

Activity 5: Directions
Draw a line to show you can follow the directions below to go from
your location A, to your destination B.
Directions:
• Leaving from Ireland St turn right onto Tibet St.
• Left onto Tonga Rd.
• Take first right after the freeway onto China Rd and go past the
Police station.
• At the roundabout turn right onto Sweden St.
• When you reach the end turn left onto Jamaica Rd.
• Take second right onto Russia Rd and you are there.


Why do I need to have alternative routes?
When you plan to undertake a route you should be flexible enough so
you can divert from it if you have to. A situation might develop such as
a major traffic delay, road closure or emergency and you will need to
have another plan so you can still get to your destination.
When planning a route on a map you should make yourself aware of
alternative routes that will take into account other requirements you
may need in the case of an emergency or unexpected event. You need
to think about things that will affect your route such as height
restrictions and the type of load like dangerous goods or hazardous
materials. You will also need to know alternative routes so you can
fulfil other requirements quickly and efficiently if the need arises. For
example a coach tour operator besides just knowing the route to take
for a tour, should also take into account any routes that may be
required such as the way to hospitals or major towns if the need arises.
A courier will need to have an alternative route to accommodate for
any toilet facilities if they need to use them. A truck driver may need to
know how to bypass certain townships so they can avoid traffic during
peak times.
By taking into account any situations that might develop and devising
alternative routes you will be well prepared for the unexpected
situation that may arise and be able to react in the best way.

Activity 6: Alternative routes
The line connecting A to B on the map below is your organisation’s
ideal route for a delivery you have been asked to perform. Plan
another route to get from A to B on the map which you could also use
if you had to. Draw a line on the map to show your alternative route.

Consider the following scenario and help Rod find his way around the
incident that lies on the path of the planned route he hoped to take.
Rod is driving from Victoria City to Newtown when one of his
colleagues driving ahead of him notifies Rod that the stretch of
highway leading to Springfield is blocked due to an accident. Rod
quickly needs a contingency plan so he doesn’t suffer any long delays.
Using the map below draw a contingency route for Rod so he avoids
delays.

How do I follow a pre-determined route

correctly?
It is now time to show that you can use a map to follow a pre-‐
determined route in your daily work activities. First read the tips below
to remind you of the things you will need to take into account and
then attempt the activity.
Tips on following a planned route:

• Make sure you have all the documentation you will need to
plan your journey.
• Familiarise yourself with the route on the map before
leaving.
• Make some notes so you do not have to keep referring to
the map once you are on the road. You can also highlight
the path you have to take on the map to make it easier.
• Break the route up into stages to get a clearer picture of
the route in your mind.
• Use the legend to identify any features such as buildings,
railroads, cemeteries, parks, and lakes on the map. It will
make the navigation of your trip a lot easier and assist you
with following the map. If you see a landmark on your trip
that is on the map you will know you are on the right track.
• When following the map it will help if you keep it adjusted
to the direction you are going. This will make it clear which
direction you are travelling in and which way you have to
turn.
• Use the scale to keep track of the distance you have
travelled to get a good indication of where you are located
on your journey.
• Plan any alternatives routes that you may require to avoid
any unexpected situations that might develop.

Activity 7: Navigate a route
When given a job access the correct route that your organisation
supplies. If not available get the points of departure and destination.
Locate the most suitable map/s to use. Plan out and undertake the
route by following the steps below.
1. Locate your point of departure and destination on the map using
the directory index.
2. Plan a route that will take you from one to the other.
3. Plan any alternative routes that you could also take in case of an
emergency or delay.
4. Identify any landmarks and major intersections on the map that
you will pass on the way
5. Begin the driving task following the route as closely as possible.
When the job is finished check off the following list to self-‐assess how
you went.
Plan and Navigate Routes Checklist Yes No
Did I use the directory index to locate my destination?
Did I use the legend and symbols of the map to identify landmarks
to help me with my navigation?
Was my plan flexible enough for me to take an alternative route in
case my preferred one became unviable?
Was I sure of my location the whole time?
Did I use the most suitable map?
Conclusion:
Did I plan my drive sufficiently?
Could I have done anything differently? If Yes, list what you could
have done below.

Section 2 Complete the

necessary
documentation

Section outline
Areas covered in this section are:

• complete the necessary route documentation
depending on the type of transportation and
workplace requirements.

How do I complete the necessary

documentation?
You must ensure that any records you are to complete at the start and
end of each job are correctly kept up-‐to-‐date. It is important that you
know exactly how to complete any necessary documents regarding
the type of transport operation you are to undertake. Every
organisation will have different type of records to fill out depending on
the nature of the job. You will have to fill out things that could include:
• locations visited
• kilometres covered
• cost of fuel
• confirmation of delivery/pickup
• type of goods being transported
• invoice information
• time of arrival/departure
• record of stops/rests.
Perform the following activity to help you become capable at
completing any documentation regarding your job.

Activity 8: Documentation
It is a very important to know how to complete any documentation
that your job requires.
Locate the appropriate documentation you are required to fill out on a
job. Using a copy, or equivalent, practice filling them in until satisfied
you thoroughly understand the procedure.
Check with your manager or supervisor that they are satisfactory.

Additional
resources

The websites, organisations and resources listed below provide more

information on topics relevant to unit TLIH107D Interpret road maps
and navigate pre-‐determined routes.
Website
• Ausway Publishing
http://www.ausway.com.au/
Publishers of Australian street directories and road maps
• RACV
http://maps.racv.com.au/tripPlan.do
Driving directions for anywhere in Australia
• Essortment
http://tx.essortment.com/howtoreadmaps_rlpc.htm
Information and advice on how to read a road map
• About
http://geography.about.com/od/studygeography/a/mappar
ts.htm
Article on the parts of a map
• Ordnance Survey
http://www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/oswebsite/freefun/und
erstandingmapping.html
Information on understanding mapping
• Virginia Wind – Map reading 101
http://www.virginiawind.com/tips/map_reading.asp
• Map Quest
http://www.mapquest.com/
Enter a start and end point to get directions and a map of
your route

Feedback on activities
The responses provided in this section are suggested responses.
Because every workplace is different, your responses may vary
according to your specific workplace procedures, the equipment
available and the nature of the business.


Activity 1: Identify and determine the pre-planned route
Before you set out on any job you must have the details you need. You should
know where you will get these from within your organisation. Details include
the type of load, where it is going, when it must arrive and so on.
If your organisation does not supply all the details for a job you should know
where to find and access them. There could be different sources such as the
customer or the address on a delivery sheet and so on.
Activity 2: Symbols
You should be able to think of at least three symbols that in common use such
as:
Restaurant
Parking
Airport
Camping ground
Picnic Area
Telephone

Restrooms

Activity 3: Finding a location on a map using the directory index
To use the directory index and the coordinates together you need to follow
the steps that are outlined. By using the directory index and the coordinates it
will make the task of locating something on a map a lot quicker and easier. If
you are unsure of any of the steps ask a manager or supervisor to explain
them to you.
Activity 4: Using the right map
Jo should have taken a street directory of the city of Melbourne so she could
plan where to go. She was relying on a map that did not have the specific type
of information.
Having the correct map will make your job a lot easier and it is very important
that you know how to access them. If you are unsure how to you should
check with your manager or supervisor to show you how.

Activity 5: Directions

Activity 6: Alternative routes
An example of an alternative route is below. It remains efficient but could be
used as a contingency if something goes wrong with the pre-‐planned route.

The best contingency route for Rod to take would be to bypass the stretch of
road that goes to Springfield. Instead he should go through Lismore, Enmore
and onto Stony Creek where he could continue the journey as planned.

Activity 7: Navigate a route
You should pay particular attention to following the steps outlined in this
activity keeping in mind the following:
• Make sure you have all the documentation you will need to plan your
journey.
• Familiarise yourself with the route on the map before leaving.
• Make some notes so you do not have to keep referring to the map once
you are on the road. You can highlight the path you have to take on the
map to make it easier.
• Break the route up into stages to get clearer picture of the route in your
mind.
• Use the legend to identify any features such as buildings, railroads,
cemeteries, parks, and lakes on the map. It will make the navigation of
your trip a lot easier and assist you with following the map. If you see a
landmark on your trip that is on the map you will know you are on the
right track.
• When following the map it will help if you keep it adjusted to the direction
you are going. This will make it clear which direction you are travelling in
and which way you have to turn.
• Using the scale to keep track of the distance you have travelled and it will
give you a good indication of where you are located on your journey.
Activity 8: Documentation
You must understand what is required of you to complete the documentation
regrading your specific transport operation. You must check with your
manager or supervisor that you can do this satisfactorily.


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TLIH107D Interpret

road maps and navigate

Section 1 Identify and determine the pre-planned route ............... 5

Section 2 Complete the necessary documentation ..................... 29

Feedback on activities .................................................................... 37

What this Learner’s Guide is about

© Department of Education, Science and Training 2005 Page 1

Plan your learning

Page 2 © Department of Education, Science and Training 2005

Section 1: Identify and determine the pre-

Are you able to: Yes No

Section 2: Complete the necessary

Are you able to: Yes No

© Department of Education, Science and Training 2005 Page 3

How will you be assessed?

You will be required to demonstrate that you can:

Page 4 © Department of Education, Science and Training 2005

Section 1 Identify and

© Department of Education, Science and Training 2005 Page 5

Page 6 © Department of Education, Science and Training 2005

How do I identify and determine the pre-planned

Know where you are going

© Department of Education, Science and Training 2005 Page 7

Activity 1: Identify and determine the pre-planned route

Page 8 © Department of Education, Science and Training 2005

The key features of a map are the:

© Department of Education, Science and Training 2005 Page 9

Symbols and Lines Legend or Key Scale Coordinates

Page 10 © Department of Education, Science and Training 2005

Legend or Key Symbols and Lines Scale Coordinates

© Department of Education, Science and Training 2005 Page 11

Symbols and lines

Page 12 © Department of Education, Science and Training 2005

© Department of Education, Science and Training 2005 Page 13

The legend or key

Page 14 © Department of Education, Science and Training 2005

© Department of Education, Science and Training 2005 Page 15

Page 16 © Department of Education, Science and Training 2005

© Department of Education, Science and Training 2005 Page 17

How do I find and use the right map?

Page 18 © Department of Education, Science and Training 2005

© Department of Education, Science and Training 2005 Page 19

Activity 4: Using the right map

Page 20 © Department of Education, Science and Training 2005

How do you access these maps?

© Department of Education, Science and Training 2005 Page 21

What do I need to know when following a route?

Your organisation may give you a pre-­‐determined route to follow

Key intersections and other landmarks

How do I interpret directions?

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Activity 5: Directions

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Why do I need to have alternative routes?

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Activity 6: Alternative routes

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How do I follow a pre-determined route

Tips on following a planned route:

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Activity 7: Navigate a route

Plan and Navigate Routes Checklist Yes No

Did I use the directory index to locate my destination?

Your organisation may give you a pre-‐determined route to follow