Whatis

Strabismus?

ocularmisalignment
1.weightbelow3rdor5thpercentile,or
Definefailuretothrive.

2.decelerationsofgrowththathavecrossed2major
growthpercentiles,inashortperiod
Mostcommoncauseofamblyopia. Strabismus
Name2requirednewbornscreening
PKUandcongenitalhypothyroidism
tests.
Namesomecommonnewborn
hemoglobinopathies(sickle),galactosemia
screeningtests.
Howdoyouevaluateforiron
gethemoglobinorhematocritbt612monthsofage
deficiencyinchildren?
whatisthemeaningofaredreflexin
anophthalmoscopicexamofa
nocataractsorretinoblastoma
newborn
asymmetriclightreflex,or
howdoyoutestforstrabismus
whatdoyoudoifthechildtests
positive

coveruncovertest
childfocusesonobjectwithbotheyes,thencover
oneeye,iftheuncoveredeyedeviatesthenitisa
signofstrabisumus
refertoophthalmologistasaptopreventamblyopia

leadingcauseofdeathinchildren
under1yo

SIDS
rearfacingcarseatuntil1yoandweighs20lbs

whatisthecarsafetylawfor
children

frontfacingseatbtw2040lbs
boosterseatwhen>40lbs,withshoulderbelt

leadingcauseofdeathofchildren
olderthan1yo

accidentsandinjuries

contraindicationstovaccines

hxofanaphylacticreactiontovaccineorits
component(regardlessifhavingfeverornot)

sx:nasalitching,sneezing,
rhinorrhea
signs:nasalturbinatesswollen
(boggy),pale/bluishcolor
txforallergicrhinitis
complicationsoftxforallergic
rhinitis
namesxofallergicrhinitis

allegicrhinitis
allergicrhinitis
antihistamines,decongestantsorintranasalsteroids
excessuseofdecongestantscancauserebound
congestion
rhinitismedicamentosa
sneezing

contrastthemucoussecretionof
rhinitisvssinusitis

itching(nose/eyes/ears)
rhinorrheathin/watery
postnasaldrip
congestion
anosmia
HA
earache
tearing/redeyes
drowsiness
rhinitisthin/watery

sinusitisthick/purulent
sprayatopicaldecongestant,thepolypdoesnot
howdoyoutestfornasalpolyps
shrink,butthesurroundingnasalmucosadoes
diphenhydramine
namesome1stgenantihistamines chlorpheniramine
hydroxyzine
loratadine
namesome2ndgenantihistamines fexofenadine
cetirizine
whydo2ndgenantihistamineshave
lesspenetrationintocns
lesssedativeeffectsthan1stgen
pseudoephredine
nameadecongestantanditsmechof
action
alphaagonst
whyavoidoraldecongestants
maycausetachycardia,tremors,insominia
sideeffectsofcorticosteroidnasal
nosebleeds,pharyngitis,URI
sprays
large,irregularlyshaped
describeurticaria
pruritic
erythematouswheals
painless
deep
subcuswelling
describeangioedema
involves:
periorbital
circumoral
systemicrxn:
skinfindings
describeanaphylaxis
dyspnea
visceraledema
hypotension
epi
immediatetxforanaphylaxis
SQorIM
whatisasthma
msuclespasms
wheezing
SOB
signs/sx
cough
asthma
increaseairwaysections
increasedexpiratoryphase

what2majortriggersofasthma
acutereliefofasthma

viralinfx
allrgens
beta2agonist
albuterol