Answer Key - HOMEWORK # 5

1
n
1. nlim
/N
1 C 2 C 3 C...C n
n3/2
= nlim
/N
i= 1
> i
n
1
n
= x dx =
2
3
0
2 6
1 1
2. Let u = 3 x, du = 3 dx. f 3 x dx = f u du = 24 K12 = 4
3 3
1 3
4 K x2
t2 K2 t K3 2 x K6 x2 Cx4 C5
3. F x = dt, F' x =K by applying FTC 1 together with
0
t2 C4 20 K8 x2 Cx4
the chain rule. The denominator is never 0 so the only critical numbers are : x = 0, 1,K1, 5 ,K 5
F decreasing on : K 5 ,K1 , 0, 1 , 5 ,N F increasing on : KN,K 5 , K1, 0 , 1, 5
2
4. Let a, c be the pt. of intersection. We want to find 0 ! a ! such that
3
2
Ka
a 3
c K 2 x K3 x2 dx = 2 x K3 x2 Kc dx. This means that 2 C3 a K9 a2 = 9 c
0 a
2
2 1 2 1 1 1
0 2 C3 a K9 a = 9 2 a K3 a . We will get a = . Thus, c = 2 K3 =
6 6 6 4
1
2 1
5. Volume = 2 $π$x$ x $ x K1 dx = π
15
0
a a
1 1
6. Let I = dx. Let u = a Kx, du =Kdx. Then I = du.
f x C1 f a Ku C1
0 0
a a a
f u $f a Ku f u f x
I= du = du = dx
f a Ku Cf u $f a Ku 1 Cf u f x C1
0 0 0
a a a
1 f x a
ICI = 2 I = dx C dx = 1 dx. Hence, I =
f x C1 f x C1 2
0 0 0
dy x2
7. The original family of curves is defined by x3 Cy3 = a3. Whence =K 2 . So its orthogonal
dx y
2
y dy y2
trajectories have slope of 2 , leading to the differential equation = 2 whose variables are
x dx x
1 1
separable. We get K = C ( where C is a parameter )
x y
π
2
sin θ π
8. (a) I = dθ. With u = Kθ, du =Kdθ. Hence,
sin θ Ccos θ 2
0
π π π
2 2 2
sin θ sin π / 2 Ku cos u
I= dθ = du = du
sin θ Ccos θ sin π / 2 Ku Ccos π / 2 Ku cos u Csin u
0 0 0
π
π
2
2
cos θ π
= dx. ICI = 1 dx. I=
cos θ Csin θ 0
4
0
 2
2
(b) 1 Kx2 dx. The integral represents the area of a circular sector plus the area of a triangle.
0
π π
The circular sector has central angle whence the sector area is . The triangle's area will be
4 8
1 1 2 2 2 π C2
bh = = . So the integral's value is
2 2 2 2 8 8
cos 2 x 3 3
(c) dx. Let u = 4 C 3 Csin 2 x 0 u K4 = 3 Csin 2 x
4 3
4C 3 Csin 2 x
2
2 1 3 u K4 3 u2 K8 u C16
0 3 u K4 du = 2 cos 2 x dx. The integral becomes 4
du = 4
du
2 2
u u
3
= u7/4 K8 u3/4 C16 uK1/4 du. The final answer is :
2
11 /4 7/4 3/4
3 4 3 32 3 64 3
4 C 3 Csin 2 x K 4 C 3 Csin 2 x C 4 C 3 Csin 2 x CC
2 11 7 3
2x
(d) 3 3
dx. We can rationalize the denominator by multiplying the numerator
1 K2 x C 1 C2 x
3 2 3 3 3 2
and denominator of the integrand by 1 K2 x K 1 K2 x 1 C2 x C 1 C2 x . The
3 2 3 2 3 2
integral becomes: x$ 1 K2 x K 1 K4 x C 1 C2 x dx
2/3 1/3
dx K x 1 K4 x2 2/3
= x 1 K2 x dx C x 1 C2 x dx
1 Ku
First Integral : let u = 1 K2 x, du =K2 dx, x =
2
Second Integral : let u = 1 K4 x2, du =K8 x dx
u K1
Third Integral : let u = 1 C2 x, du = 2 dx, x =
2
3 8/3 3 5/3 3 4/3 3 3
1 K4 x2 8/3 5/3
1 K2 x K 1 K2 x C C 1 C2 x K 1 C2 x CC
32 20 32 32 20
2 2
9. Note that for all x, f ' x % f ' x , whence f ' x dx % f ' x dx. From FTC 2, we get that
0 0
2 2
f ' x dx = f 2 Kf 0 = 2. So 2 % f ' x dx, and this minimum value is attainable. We can
0 0
simply take f x = x