Citizenship Act

5/16/2015
CitizenshipAct
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CitizenshipAct(R.S.C.,1985,c.C29)
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Actcurrentto20150427andlastamendedon20150226.PreviousVersions
CitizenshipAct
R.S.C.,1985,c.C29
AnActrespectingcitizenship
SHORTTITLE
Shorttitle
1.ThisActmaybecitedastheCitizenshipAct.
19747576,c.108,s.1.
INTERPRETATION
Definitions
2.(1)InthisAct,
certificateofcitizenship
certificatdecitoyennet
certificateofcitizenshipmeansacertificateofcitizenshipissuedorgrantedunderthisActor
undertheformerAct
certificateofnaturalization
certificatdenaturalisation
certificateofnaturalizationmeansacertificateofnaturalizationgrantedunderanyActthatwas
inforceinCanadaatanytimebeforeJanuary1,1947
certificateofrenunciation
certificatderpudiation
certificateofrenunciationmeans,unlessacontraryintentionappears,acertificateof
renunciationissuedunderthisAct
child
enfant
childincludesachildadoptedorlegitimizedinaccordancewiththelawsoftheplacewherethe
adoptionorlegitimationtookplace
citizen
citoyen
citizenmeansaCanadiancitizen
citizenship
citoyennet
http://lawslois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/c29/FullText.html
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citizenshipmeansCanadiancitizenship
citizenshipjudge
jugedelacitoyennet
citizenshipjudgemeansacitizenshipjudgeappointedundersection26
commonlawpartner
conjointdefait
commonlawpartner,inrelationtoanindividual,meansapersonwhoiscohabitingwiththe
individualinaconjugalrelationship,havingsocohabitedforaperiodofatleastoneyear
Court
Cour
CourtmeanstheFederalCourt
disability
disability[Repealed,1992,c.21,s.6]
formerAct
ancienneloi
formerActmeanstheCanadianCitizenshipAct,chapterC19oftheRevisedStatutesofCanada,
1970
Minister
ministre
MinistermeanssuchmemberoftheQueensPrivyCouncilforCanadaasisdesignatedbythe
GovernorinCouncilastheMinisterforthepurposesofthisAct
minor
mineur
minormeansapersonwhohasnotattainedtheageofeighteenyears
priorlegislation
lgislationantrieure
priorlegislationmeansanyActrespectingnaturalizationorcitizenshipthatwasinforcein
CanadaatanytimebeforeFebruary15,1977.
Interpretation
(2)ForthepurposesofthisAct,
(a)apersonisdeemedtobeborninCanadaifthepersonisbornonaCanadianvesselas
definedinsection2oftheCanadaShippingAct,2001,oronanaircraftregisteredinCanada
undertheAeronauticsActandregulationsmadeunderthatAct
(b)apersonwhoislawfullypresentandentitledtopermanentlyresideinCanadaisdeemedto
havebeenlawfullyadmittedtoCanadaforpermanentresidenceand
(c)apersonagainstwhomaremovalorderhasbeenmaderemainsunderthatorder
(i)unlessallrightsofreviewbyorappealtotheImmigrationAppealDivisionofthe
ImmigrationandRefugeeBoard,theFederalCourtofAppealandtheSupremeCourtof
Canadahavebeenexhaustedwithrespecttotheorderandthefinalresultofthosereviews
orappealsisthattheorderhasnoforceoreffect,or
(ii)untiltheorderhasbeenexecuted.
R.S.,1985,c.C29,s.2 R.S.,1985,c.28(4thSupp.),s.36 1992,c.21,s.6 2000,c.12,s.74 2001,c.26,s.
286,c.27,s.227.1 2002,c.8,s.183 2008,c.14,s.1.
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PARTI
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THERIGHTTOCITIZENSHIP
Personswhoarecitizens
3.(1)SubjecttothisAct,apersonisacitizenif
(a)thepersonwasborninCanadaafterFebruary14,1977
(b)thepersonwasbornoutsideCanadaafterFebruary14,1977andatthetimeofhisbirthone
ofhisparents,otherthanaparentwhoadoptedhim,wasacitizen
(c)thepersonhasbeengrantedoracquiredcitizenshippursuanttosection5or11and,inthe
caseofapersonwhoisfourteenyearsofageoroveronthedaythatheisgrantedcitizenship,
hehastakentheoathofcitizenship
(c.1)thepersonhasbeengrantedcitizenshipundersection5.1
(d)thepersonwasacitizenimmediatelybeforeFebruary15,1977
(e)thepersonwasentitled,immediatelybeforeFebruary15,1977,tobecomeacitizenunder
paragraph5(1)(b)oftheformerAct
(f)beforethecomingintoforceofthisparagraph,thepersonceasedtobeacitizenforany
reasonotherthanthefollowingreasonsanddidnotsubsequentlybecomeacitizen:
(i)thepersonrenouncedhisorhercitizenshipunderanyofthefollowingprovisions:
(A)paragraph19(2)(c)oftheCanadianCitizenshipAct,S.C.1946,c.15,asenactedby
S.C.1951,c.12,s.1(3),
(B)paragraph19(2)(c)oftheCanadianCitizenshipAct,R.S.C.1952,c.33,
(C)subparagraph19(1)(b)(iii)oftheCanadianCitizenshipAct,R.S.C.1952,c.33,as
enactedbyS.C.196768,c.4,s.5,
(D)subparagraph18(1)(b)(iii)oftheformerAct,
(E)section8oftheCitizenshipAct,S.C.19747576,c.108,or
(F)section9ofthisAct,
(ii)thepersonscitizenshipwasrevokedforfalserepresentation,fraudorconcealmentof
materialcircumstancesunderanyofthefollowingprovisions:
(A)paragraph21(1)(b)oftheCanadianCitizenshipAct,S.C.1946,c.15,
(B)paragraph19(1)(b)oftheCanadianCitizenshipAct,S.C.1946,c.15,asenactedby
S.C.1950,c.29,s.8,
(C)paragraph19(1)(b)oftheCanadianCitizenshipAct,R.S.C.1952,c.33,asitread
beforethecomingintoforceofAnActtoamendtheCanadianCitizenshipAct,S.C.1967
68,c.4,
(D)paragraph19(1)(a)oftheCanadianCitizenshipAct,R.S.C.1952,c.33,asenactedby
S.C.196768,c.4,s.5,
(E)paragraph18(1)(a)oftheformerAct,
(F)section9oftheCitizenshipAct,S.C.19747576,c.108,or
(G)section10ofthisAct,or
(iii)thepersonfailedtomakeanapplicationtoretainhisorhercitizenshipundersection8
asitreadbeforethecomingintoforceofthisparagraphordidmakesuchanapplicationthat
subsequentlywasnotapproved
(g)thepersonwasbornoutsideCanadabeforeFebruary15,1977toaparentwhowasacitizen
atthetimeofthebirthandthepersondidnot,beforethecomingintoforceofthisparagraph,
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becomeacitizen
(h)thepersonwasgrantedcitizenshipundersection5,asitreadbeforethecomingintoforce
ofthisparagraph,thepersonwouldhave,butforthatgrant,beenacitizenunderparagraph(g)
and,ifitwasrequired,heorshetooktheoathofcitizenship
(i)thepersonhadbeenacitizenotherthanbywayofgrant,ceasedtobeacitizenforareason
otherthanthereasonsreferredtoinsubparagraphs(f)(i)to(iii),wassubsequentlygranted
citizenshipbeforethecomingintoforceofthisparagraphunderanyofthefollowingprovisions
and,ifitwasrequired,heorshetooktheoathofcitizenship:
(i)subsection10(1)oftheCitizenshipAct,S.C.19747576,c.108,
(ii)subsection5(1)or(4)or11(1)ofthisAct,or
(iii)paragraph5(2)(a)ofthisAct,asitreadbeforethecomingintoforceofthisparagraph
or
(j)underpriorlegislation,thepersonhadbeenacitizenotherthanbywayofgrant,ceasedto
beacitizenforareasonotherthanthereasonsreferredtoinsubparagraphs(f)(i)and(ii)and
resumedcitizenship.
Citizendespitedeathofparent
(1.1)Apersonwhowouldnotbecomeacitizenunderparagraph(1)(b),(g)or(h)forthesole
reasonthat,onthecomingintoforceofthissubsection,hisorherparentreferredtoinoneof
thoseparagraphsisdeceased,isacitizenunderparagraph(1)(b),(g)or(h)ifthatparent,but
forhisorherdeath,wouldhavebeenacitizenunderparagraph(1)(f),(i)or(j).
Notapplicabletochildrenofforeigndiplomats,etc.
(2)Paragraph(1)(a)doesnotapplytoapersonif,atthetimeofhisbirth,neitherofhis
parentswasacitizenorlawfullyadmittedtoCanadaforpermanentresidenceandeitherofhis
parentswas
(a)adiplomaticorconsularofficerorotherrepresentativeoremployeeinCanadaofaforeign
government
(b)anemployeeintheserviceofapersonreferredtoinparagraph(a)or
(c)anofficeroremployeeinCanadaofaspecializedagencyoftheUnitedNationsoranofficer
oremployeeinCanadaofanyotherinternationalorganizationtowhomtherearegranted,byor
underanyActofParliament,diplomaticprivilegesandimmunitiescertifiedbytheMinisterof
ForeignAffairstobeequivalenttothosegrantedtoapersonorpersonsreferredtoinparagraph
(a).
Notapplicableafterfirstgeneration
(3)Paragraphs(1)(b)and(f)to(j)donotapplytoapersonbornoutsideCanada
(a)if,atthetimeofhisorherbirth,onlyoneofthepersonsparentswasacitizenandthat
parentwasacitizenunderparagraph(1)(b),(c.1),(e),(g)or(h),orbothofthepersons
parentswerecitizensunderanyofthoseparagraphsor
(b)if,atanytime,onlyoneofthepersonsparentswasacitizenandthatparentwasacitizen
underanyofthefollowingprovisions,orbothofthepersonsparentswerecitizensunderanyof
thefollowingprovisions:
(i)paragraph4(b)or5(b)oftheCanadianCitizenshipAct,S.C.1946,c.15,
(ii)paragraph5(1)(b)oftheCanadianCitizenshipAct,S.C.1946,c.15,asenactedbyS.C.
1950,c.29,s.2,
(iii)paragraph4(1)(b)oftheCanadianCitizenshipAct,S.C.1946,c.15,asenactedbyS.C.
195253,c.23,s.2(1),
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(iv)paragraph5(1)(b)oftheCanadianCitizenshipAct,S.C.1946,c.15,asenactedbyS.C.
1950,c.29,s.2andamendedbyS.C.195253,c.23,s.3(1),
(v)paragraph4(1)(b)oftheCanadianCitizenshipAct,R.S.C.1952,c.33,asenactedby
S.C.195253,c.23,s.13(1),
(vi)paragraph5(1)(b)oftheCanadianCitizenshipAct,R.S.C.1952,c.33,asamendedby
S.C.195253,c.23,s.14(1),
(vii)subsection39B(1)oftheCanadianCitizenshipAct,R.S.C.1952,c.33,asenactedby
S.C.196768,c.4,s.10,or
(viii)paragraph4(1)(b)or5(1)(b)orsubsection42(1)oftheformerAct.
Exceptiontransitionalprovision
(4)Subsection(3)doesnotapplytoapersonwho,onthecomingintoforceofthatsubsection,
wasacitizen.However,thatsubsectionappliestoapersonwho,onthatcomingintoforce,would
havebeenacitizenunderparagraph(1)(b)or(g)onlybyoperationofanyofparagraphs(7)(d)to
(g)inrespectofoneofhisorherparents.
Exceptionchildorgrandchildofpersoninserviceabroad
(5)Subsection(3)doesnotapplytoaperson
(a)borntoaparentwho,atthetimeofthepersonsbirth,wasemployedoutsideCanadainor
withtheCanadianArmedForces,thefederalpublicadministrationorthepublicserviceofa
province,otherwisethanasalocallyengagedperson
(b)borntoaparentoneorbothofwhoseparents,atthetimeofthatparentsbirth,were
employedoutsideCanadainorwiththeCanadianArmedForces,thefederalpublic
administrationorthepublicserviceofaprovince,otherwisethanasalocallyengagedperson
or
(c)borntoaparentoneorbothofwhoseadoptiveparents,atthetimeofthatparents
adoption,wereemployedoutsideCanadainorwiththeCanadianArmedForces,thefederal
publicadministrationorthepublicserviceofaprovince,otherwisethanasalocallyengaged
person.
Citizenshipotherthanbywayofgrantgrandchildofpersoninserviceabroad
(5.1)ApersonwhoisbornoutsideCanadatoaparentreferredtoinparagraph(a)or(b)and
whoiseitheracitizenunderpriorlegislationortheformerActotherthanunderanyprovision
referredtoinsubparagraphs(3)(b)(i)to(viii)orwasgrantedcitizenshipunderparagraph5(2)
(a)ofthisAct,asitreadbeforeApril17,2009,orundersubsection5(1),(2)or(4)or11(1)of
thisActisdeemed,asofthecomingintoforceofthissubsection,nevertohavebeenacitizenby
wayofgrant:
(a)aparentoneorbothofwhoseparents,atthetimeofthatparentsbirth,wereemployed
outsideCanadainorwiththeCanadianArmedForces,thefederalpublicadministrationorthe
publicserviceofaprovince,otherwisethanasalocallyengagedpersonor
(b)aparentoneorbothofwhoseadoptiveparents,atthetimeofthatparentsadoption,were
administrationorthepublicserviceofaprovince,otherwisethanasalocallyengagedperson.
Nonapplicationofsubsection(5.1)
(5.2)Subsection(5.1)doesnotapplytoapersonbornoutsideCanadaafterFebruary14,1977
who,beforeApril17,2009,ceasedtobeacitizenbecauseheorshefailedtomakeanapplication
toretainhisorhercitizenshipundersection8,asitreadbeforeApril17,2009,ormadean
applicationbuttheapplicationwasnotapproved.
Citizenshipotherthanbywayofgrant
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(6)Apersonreferredtoinparagraph(1)(h),(i)or(j)isdeemed,exceptforthepurposesof
thatparagraph,nevertohavebeenacitizenbywayofgrant.
CitizenshipotherthanbywayofgrantcertainchildrenbornafterFebruary14,1977
(6.1)ApersonwhowasbornoutsideCanadaafterFebruary14,1977andwho,beforethe
comingintoforceofthissubsection,wasgrantedcitizenshipundersection5isdeemedneverto
havebeenacitizenbywayofgrantif
(a)heorshewasborntoaparentwhowasborninCanadaandwhoisacitizenunder
paragraph(1)(f)or(i)or
(b)heorshewasborntoaparentwhowasbornoutsideCanadatoparentsneitherofwhom
wasacitizenatthetimeofthatparentsbirth,andwhoisacitizenunderparagraph(1)(f)or
(i).
Deemedapplication
(7)DespiteanyprovisionofthisActoranyActrespectingnaturalizationorcitizenshipthatwas
inforceinCanadaatanytimebeforethedayonwhichthissubsectioncomesintoforce
(a)apersonreferredtoinparagraph(1)(c)whowas,beforethecomingintoforceofthis
subsection,grantedcitizenshipunderanyofthefollowingprovisionsafterceasingtobea
citizenbywayofgrantforanyreasonotherthanthereasonsreferredtoinsubparagraphs(1)
(f)(i)to(iii)isdeemedtobeacitizenunderparagraph(1)(c)fromthetimethatheorshe
ceasedtobeacitizen:
(i)subsection10(1)oftheCitizenshipAct,S.C.19747576,c.108,
(ii)subsection5(1)or(4)or11(1)ofthisAct,or
(iii)paragraph5(2)(a)ofthisAct,asitreadbeforethecomingintoforceofthisparagraph
(b)apersonreferredtoinparagraph(1)(d)who,underpriorlegislation,ceasedtobeacitizen
bywayofgrantforanyreasonotherthanthereasonsreferredtoinsubparagraphs(1)(f)(i)and
(ii)andresumedcitizenshipisdeemedtobeacitizenunderparagraph(1)(d)fromthetime
thatheorsheceasedtobeacitizen
(c)apersonreferredtoinparagraph(1)(f)who,atthetimeheorsheceasedtobeacitizen,
wasacitizenbywayofgrantisdeemedtohavebeengrantedcitizenshipunderthatparagraph
atthattime
(d)apersonreferredtoinparagraph(1)(f)otherthanapersondescribedinparagraph(c)
isdeemedtobeacitizenunderparagraph(1)(f)fromthetimethepersonceasedtobea
citizen
(e)apersonreferredtoinparagraph(1)(g)or(h)isdeemedtobeacitizenfromthetimethat
heorshewasborn
(f)apersonreferredtoinparagraph(1)(i)isdeemedtobeacitizenunderthatparagraphfrom
thetimethatheorsheceasedtobeacitizen
(g)apersonreferredtoinparagraph(1)(j)isdeemedtobeacitizenunderthatparagraphfrom
thetimethatheorsheceasedtobeacitizenand
(h)apersonreferredtoinparagraph(1)(b)whoisacitizenunderthatparagraphforthesole
reasonthatoneorbothofhisorherparentsarereferredtoinparagraph(1)(f)or(i)isdeemed
tobeacitizenunderparagraph(1)(b)fromthetimethatheorshewasborn.
Limitation
(8)Withrespecttoanyperiodbeforethecomingintoforceofthissubsection,
(a)subsection(7)doesnothavetheeffectofconferringonapersonanyrights,powersor
privileges,orimposingonapersonanyobligations,dutiesorliabilities,underanyActof
ParliamentotherthanthisActoranyotherlawand
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(b)noactionorotherproceedingsfordamagesbasedonsubsection(7)maybebroughtagainst
HerMajestyinrightofCanadaoranyofficers,employeesoragentsofHerMajestyinrightof
Canadainrespectofanythingdoneoromittedtobedoneduringthatperiod.
R.S.,1985,c.C29,s.3 1995,c.5,s.25 2007,c.24,s.1 2008,c.14,ss.2,13 2014,c.22,s.2.
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Desertedchild
4.(1)Forthepurposesofparagraph3(1)(a),everypersonwho,beforeapparentlyattainingthe
ageofsevenyears,wasfoundasadesertedchildinCanadashallbedeemedtohavebeenborn
inCanada,unlessthecontraryisprovedwithinsevenyearsfromthedatethepersonwasfound.
Childbornafterdeathofparent
(2)Forthepurposesofparagraph3(1)(b)andsubsection3(2),whereachildisbornafterthe
deathofeitherofhisparents,thechildshallbedeemedtohavebeenbornbeforethedeathof
thatparent.
(3)[Repealed,2008,c.14,s.3]
R.S.,1985,c.C29,s.4 2008,c.14,s.3.
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Grantofcitizenship
5.(1)TheMinistershallgrantcitizenshiptoanypersonwho
(a)makesapplicationforcitizenship
(b)iseighteenyearsofageorover
(c)isapermanentresidentwithinthemeaningofsubsection2(1)oftheImmigrationand
RefugeeProtectionAct,andhas,withinthefouryearsimmediatelyprecedingthedateofhisor
herapplication,accumulatedatleastthreeyearsofresidenceinCanadacalculatedinthe
followingmanner:
(i)foreverydayduringwhichthepersonwasresidentinCanadabeforehislawfuladmission
toCanadaforpermanentresidencethepersonshallbedeemedtohaveaccumulatedone
halfofadayofresidence,and
(ii)foreverydayduringwhichthepersonwasresidentinCanadaafterhislawfuladmission
toCanadaforpermanentresidencethepersonshallbedeemedtohaveaccumulatedone
dayofresidence
(d)hasanadequateknowledgeofoneoftheofficiallanguagesofCanada
(e)hasanadequateknowledgeofCanadaandoftheresponsibilitiesandprivilegesof
citizenshipand
(f)isnotunderaremovalorderandisnotthesubjectofadeclarationbytheGovernorin
Councilmadepursuanttosection20.
Residence
(1.1)Anydayduringwhichanapplicantforcitizenshipresidedwiththeapplicantsspousewho
atthetimewasaCanadiancitizenandwasemployedoutsideofCanadainorwiththeCanadian
armedforcesorthefederalpublicadministrationorthepublicserviceofaprovince,otherwise
thanasalocallyengagedperson,shallbetreatedasequivalenttoonedayofresidenceinCanada
forthepurposesofparagraph(1)(c)andsubsection11(1).
CanadianArmedForcespermanentresident
(1.2)Paragraph(1)(c)doesnotapplytoapermanentresidentwithinthemeaningofsubsection
2(1)oftheImmigrationandRefugeeProtectionActwho,withintheperiodreferredtointhat
paragraph,completedanumberofyearsofserviceintheCanadianArmedForcesthatisequalto
thelengthofresidencerequiredunderthatparagraphlessoneyear.However,thatparagraphdoes
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applytothepermanentresidentifheorshewasreleasedotherthanhonourablyfromthe
CanadianArmedForces.
CanadianArmedForcespersonattachedorseconded
(1.3)Paragraph(1)(c)doesnotapplytoapersonwhoisorwasattachedorsecondedtothe
CanadianArmedForcesandwho,withintheperiodreferredtointhatparagraph,completeda
numberofyearsofservicewiththeCanadianArmedForcesthatisequaltothelengthofresidence
requiredunderthatparagraphlessoneyear.
Grantofcitizenship
(2)TheMinistershallgrantcitizenshiptoanypersonwhoisapermanentresidentwithinthe
meaningofsubsection2(1)oftheImmigrationandRefugeeProtectionAct,andistheminorchild
ofacitizenifanapplicationforcitizenshipismadetotheMinisterbyapersonauthorizedby
regulationtomaketheapplicationonbehalfoftheminorchild.
WaiverbyMinisteroncompassionategrounds
(3)TheMinistermay,inhisdiscretion,waiveoncompassionategrounds,
(a)inthecaseofanyperson,therequirementsofparagraph(1)(d)or(e)
(b)inthecaseofaminor,therequirementrespectingagesetoutinparagraph(1)(b),the
requirementrespectinglengthofresidenceinCanadasetoutinparagraph(1)(c)orthe
requirementtotaketheoathofcitizenshipand
(c)inthecaseofanypersonwhoispreventedfromunderstandingthesignificanceoftaking
theoathofcitizenshipbyreasonofamentaldisability,therequirementtotaketheoath.
Specialcases
(4)DespiteanyotherprovisionofthisAct,theMinistermay,inhisorherdiscretion,grant
citizenshiptoanypersontoalleviatecasesofspecialandunusualhardshiportorewardservices
ofanexceptionalvaluetoCanada.
Statelessnessbloodlineconnection
(5)TheMinistershall,onapplication,grantcitizenshiptoapersonwho
(a)isbornoutsideCanadaafterthecomingintoforceofthissubsection
(b)hasabirthparentwhowasacitizenatthetimeofthebirth
(c)islessthan23yearsofage
(d)hasresidedinCanadaforatleastthreeyearsduringthefouryearsimmediatelybeforethe
dateofhisorherapplication
(e)hasalwaysbeenstatelessand
(f)hasnotbeenconvictedofanyofthefollowingoffences:
(i)aterrorismoffence,asdefinedinsection2oftheCriminalCode,
(ii)anoffenceundersection47,51or52oftheCriminalCode,
(iii)anoffenceundersubsection5(1)oranyofsections6and16to22oftheSecurityof
InformationAct,or
(iv)aconspiracyoranattempttocommit,beinganaccessoryafterthefactinrelationto,or
anycounsellinginrelationto,anoffencereferredtoinsubparagraph(ii)or(iii).
Nooathrequired
(6)Apersonwhoisgrantedcitizenshipundersubsection(5)isnotrequiredtotaketheoathof
citizenship.
R.S.,1985,c.C29,s.5 R.S.,1985,c.44(3rdSupp.),s.1 1992,c.21,s.7 2000,c.12,s.75 2001,c.27,s.
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228 2003,c.22,s.149(E) 2008,c.14,s.4 2014,c.22,s.3.
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Adopteesminors
5.1(1)Subjecttosubsections(3)and(4),theMinistershall,onapplication,grantcitizenship
toapersonwhowasadoptedbyacitizenonorafterJanuary1,1947whilethepersonwasaminor
childiftheadoption
(a)wasinthebestinterestsofthechild
(b)createdagenuinerelationshipofparentandchild
(c)wasinaccordancewiththelawsoftheplacewheretheadoptiontookplaceandthelawsof
thecountryofresidenceoftheadoptingcitizenand
(d)wasnotenteredintoprimarilyforthepurposeofacquiringastatusorprivilegeinrelationto
immigrationorcitizenship.
Adopteesadults
(2)Subjecttosubsections(3)and(4),theMinistershall,onapplication,grantcitizenshiptoa
personwhowasadoptedbyacitizenonorafterJanuary1,1947whilethepersonwasatleast18
yearsofageif
(a)therewasagenuinerelationshipofparentandchildbetweenthepersonandtheadoptive
parentbeforethepersonattainedtheageof18yearsandatthetimeoftheadoptionand
(b)theadoptionmeetstherequirementssetoutinparagraphs(1)(c)and(d).
Quebecadoptions
(3)Subjecttosubsection(4),theMinistershall,onapplication,grantcitizenshiptoapersonin
respectofwhoseadoptionbyacitizenwhoissubjecttoQuebeclawgoverningadoptionsa
decisionwasmadeabroadonorafterJanuary1,1947if
(a)theQuebecauthorityresponsibleforinternationaladoptionsadvises,inwriting,thatinits
opiniontheadoptionmeetstherequirementsofQuebeclawgoverningadoptionsand
(b)theadoptionwasnotenteredintoprimarilyforthepurposeofacquiringastatusorprivilege
inrelationtoimmigrationorcitizenship.
(4)Nopersonwhoisadoptedmaybegrantedcitizenshipunderanyofsubsections(1)to(3)
(a)if,atthetimeofhisorheradoption,onlyoneoftheadoptiveparentswasacitizenand
thatparentwasacitizenunderparagraph3(1)(b),(c.1),(e),(g)or(h),orbothoftheadoptive
parentswerecitizensunderanyofthoseparagraphsor
(b)if,atanytime,onlyoneoftheadoptiveparentswasacitizenandthatparentwasacitizen
underanyoftheprovisionsreferredtoinsubparagraphs3(3)(b)(i)to(viii),orbothofthe
adoptiveparentswerecitizensunderanyofthoseprovisions.
Exceptionchildorgrandchildofpersoninserviceabroad
(5)Subsection(4)doesnotapplytoapersonwhowas
(a)adoptedbyaparentwho,atthetimeofthepersonsadoption,wasemployedoutside
CanadainorwiththeCanadianArmedForces,thefederalpublicadministrationorthepublic
serviceofaprovince,otherwisethanasalocallyengagedperson
(b)adoptedbyaparentoneorbothofwhoseparents,atthetimeofthatparentsbirth,were
administrationorthepublicserviceofaprovince,otherwisethanasalocallyengagedperson
or
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(c)adoptedbyaparentoneorbothofwhoseadoptiveparents,atthetimeofthatparents
adoption,wereemployedoutsideCanadainorwiththeCanadianArmedForces,thefederal
publicadministrationorthepublicserviceofaprovince,otherwisethanasalocallyengaged
person.
2007,c.24,s.2 2008,c.14,s.13 2014,c.22,s.4.
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Citizenshipbywayofgrantundersection5.1grandchildofpersoninserviceabroad
5.2ApersonbornoutsideCanadawhowasadoptedbyaparentreferredtoinparagraph(a)or
(b)andwhoiseitheracitizenunderpriorlegislationortheformerActotherthanunderany
provisionreferredtoinanyofsubparagraphs3(3)(b)(i)to(viii)orwasgrantedcitizenship
underparagraph5(2)(a)ofthisAct,asitreadbeforeApril17,2009,orundersubsection5(1),(2),
or(4)or11(1)ofthisActisdeemed,asofthecomingintoforceofthissection,tohavebeen
grantedcitizenshipundersection5.1:
(a)aparentoneorbothofwhoseparents,atthetimeofthatparentsbirth,wereemployed
outsideCanadainorwiththeCanadianArmedForces,thefederalpublicadministrationorthe
publicserviceofaprovince,otherwisethanasalocallyengagedpersonor
(b)aparentoneorbothofwhoseadoptiveparents,atthetimeofthatparentsadoption,were
administrationorthepublicserviceofaprovince,otherwisethanasalocallyengagedperson.
2014,c.22,s.5.
Rightsandobligations
6.Acitizen,whetherornotborninCanada,isentitledtoallrights,powersandprivilegesand
issubjecttoallobligations,dutiesandliabilitiestowhichapersonwhoisacitizenunder
paragraph3(1)(a)isentitledorsubjectandhasalikestatustothatofsuchperson.
19747576,c.108,s.5.
PARTII
LOSSOFCITIZENSHIP
Nolossexceptasprovided
7.ApersonwhoisacitizenshallnotceasetobeacitizenexceptinaccordancewiththisPart
orregulationsmadeunderparagraph27(j.1).
R.S.,1985,c.C29,s.7 2008,c.14,s.5.
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8.[Repealed,2008,c.14,s.6]
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Renunciationofcitizenship
9.(1)Acitizenmay,onapplication,renouncehiscitizenshipifhe
(a)isacitizenofacountryotherthanCanadaor,ifhisapplicationisaccepted,willbecomea
citizenofacountryotherthanCanada
(b)isnotthesubjectofadeclarationbytheGovernorinCouncilmadepursuanttosection20
(c)isnotaminor
(d)isnotpreventedfromunderstandingthesignificanceofrenouncingcitizenshipbyreasonof
thepersonhavingamentaldisabilityand
(e)doesnotresideinCanada.
Ministerialdiscretiontowaiverequirements
(2)TheMinistermay,intheMinistersdiscretion,waiveoncompassionategroundsthe
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requirementsofparagraph(1)(d)or(e).
Certificateofrenunciation
(3)Ifanapplicationundersubsection(1)isapprovedbytheMinister,theMinistershallissuea
certificateofrenunciationtotheapplicantandtheapplicantceasestobeacitizenafterthe
expirationofthedayonwhichthecertificateisissuedoranylaterdaythatthecertificatemay
specify.
R.S.,1985,c.C29,s.9 1992,c.21,s.8 2014,c.22,s.7.
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Orderincasesoffraud
10.(1)Subjecttosection18butnotwithstandinganyothersectionofthisAct,wherethe
GovernorinCouncil,onareportfromtheMinister,issatisfiedthatanypersonhasobtained,
retained,renouncedorresumedcitizenshipunderthisActbyfalserepresentationorfraudorby
knowinglyconcealingmaterialcircumstances,
(a)thepersonceasestobeacitizen,or
(b)therenunciationofcitizenshipbythepersonshallbedeemedtohavehadnoeffect,
asofsuchdateasmaybefixedbyorderoftheGovernorinCouncilwithrespectthereto.
Presumption
(2)Apersonshallbedeemedtohaveobtainedcitizenshipbyfalserepresentationorfraudor
byknowinglyconcealingmaterialcircumstancesifthepersonwaslawfullyadmittedtoCanadafor
permanentresidencebyfalserepresentationorfraudorbyknowinglyconcealingmaterial
circumstancesand,becauseofthatadmission,thepersonsubsequentlyobtainedcitizenship.
19747576,c.108,s.9.
PARTIII
RESUMPTIONOFCITIZENSHIP
Resumptionbyapplication
11.(1)TheMinistershallgrantcitizenshiptoanypersonwho,havingceasedtobeacitizen,
(a)makesanapplicationforresumptionofcitizenship
(b)isnotthesubjectofanorderoforadeclarationbytheGovernorinCouncilmadepursuant
tosection10or20ofthisActorsection18oftheformerAct
(c)isnotunderaremovalorderand
(d)hasbecomeapermanentresidentwithinthemeaningofsubsection2(1)oftheImmigration
andRefugeeProtectionActandhas,sincehavingceasedtobeacitizenandbecomea
permanentresident,residedinCanadaforatleastoneyearimmediatelyprecedingthedateof
theapplication.
(1.1)Paragraph(1)(d)doesnotapplytoapermanentresidentwithinthemeaningofsubsection
2(1)oftheImmigrationandRefugeeProtectionActwho,withintheyearimmediatelypreceding
thedateoftheapplication,completedsixmonthsofserviceintheCanadianArmedForces.
However,thatparagraphdoesapplytothepermanentresidentifheorshewasreleasedother
thanhonourablyfromtheCanadianArmedForces.
(1.2)Paragraph(1)(d)doesnotapplytoapersonwhoisorwasattachedorsecondedtothe
CanadianArmedForcesandwho,withintheyearimmediatelyprecedingthedateofthe
application,completedsixmonthsofservicewiththeCanadianArmedForces.
Automaticacquisitionofcitizenship
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(2)NotwithstandinganyotherprovisionofthisAct,awoman,who
(a)byvirtueofanylawofCanadainforceatanytimebeforeJanuary1,1947had,byreason
onlyofhermarriageortheacquisitionbyherhusbandofaforeignnationality,ceasedtobea
Britishsubject,and
(b)wouldhavebeenacitizenhadtheformerActcomeintoforceimmediatelybeforeher
marriageortheacquisitionbyherhusbandofaforeignnationality,
acquirescitizenshipimmediatelyonthereceiptbytheMinisterofanoticeinwritingbyherthat
sheelectstobeacitizen.
R.S.,1985,c.C29,s.11 2001,c.27,s.229 2005,c.17,s.1 2008,c.14,s.7 2014,c.22,s.9.
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PARTIV
CERTIFICATEOFCITIZENSHIP
Applicationforcertificateofcitizenship
12.(1)Subjecttoanyregulationsmadeunderparagraph27(i),theMinistershallissuea
certificateofcitizenshiptoanycitizenwhohasmadeapplicationtherefor.
Issueofcertificate
(2)Whenanapplicationundersection5or5.1orsubsection11(1)isapproved,theMinister
shallissueacertificateofcitizenshiptotheapplicant.
Wheneffective
(3)Acertificateissuedpursuanttothissectiondoesnottakeeffectuntilthepersontowhomit
isissuedhascompliedwiththerequirementsofthisActandtheregulationsrespectingtheoathof
citizenship.
R.S.,1985,c.C29,s.12 2008,c.14,ss.8,13.
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PARTV
PROCEDURE
Applications
13.AnapplicationistobeacceptedforprocessingunderthisActonlyifallofthefollowing
conditionsaresatisfied:
(a)theapplicationismadeintheformandmannerandattheplacerequiredunderthisAct
(b)itincludestheinformationrequiredunderthisAct
(c)itisaccompaniedbyanysupportingevidenceandfeesrequiredunderthisAct.
R.S.,1985,c.C29,s.13 2008,c.14,s.9 2014,c.22,s.11.
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Suspensionofprocessing
13.1TheMinistermaysuspendtheprocessingofanapplicationforaslongasisnecessaryto
receive
(a)anyinformationorevidenceortheresultsofanyinvestigationorinquiryforthepurposeof
ascertainingwhethertheapplicantmeetstherequirementsunderthisActrelatingtothe
application,whethertheapplicantshouldbethesubjectofanadmissibilityhearingora
removalorderundertheImmigrationandRefugeeProtectionActorwhethersection20or22
applieswithrespecttotheapplicantand
(b)inthecaseofanapplicantwhoisapermanentresidentandwhoisthesubjectofan
admissibilityhearingundertheImmigrationandRefugeeProtectionAct,thedeterminationasto
whetheraremovalorderistobemadeagainsttheapplicant.
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2014,c.22,s.11.
Abandonmentofapplication
13.2(1)TheMinistermaytreatanapplicationasabandoned
(a)iftheapplicantfails,withoutreasonableexcuse,whenrequiredbytheMinisterunder
section23.1,
(i)inthecasewheretheMinisterrequiresadditionalinformationorevidencewithout
requiringanappearance,toprovidetheadditionalinformationorevidencebythedate
specified,or
(ii)inthecasewheretheMinisterrequiresanappearanceforthepurposeofproviding
additionalinformationorevidence,toappearatthetimeandattheplaceoratthetime
andbythemeansspecifiedortoprovidetheadditionalinformationorevidenceathisor
herappearanceor
(b)inthecaseofanapplicantwhomusttaketheoathofcitizenshiptobecomeacitizen,ifthe
applicantfails,withoutreasonableexcuse,toappearandtaketheoathatthetimeandatthe
placeoratthetimeandbythemeansspecifiedinaninvitationfromtheMinister.
Effectofabandonment
(2)IftheMinistertreatsanapplicationasabandoned,nofurtheractionistobetakenwith
respecttoit.
2014,c.22,s.11.
Considerationbycitizenshipjudge
14.(1)Ifanapplicationisacceptedforprocessingandlaterreferredtoacitizenshipjudge
becausetheMinisterisnotsatisfiedthattheapplicantmeetstherequirementsofthefollowing
provisions,thecitizenshipjudgeshalldeterminewhethertheapplicantmeetsthoserequirements
within60daysafterthedayonwhichtheapplicationisreferred:
(a)paragraph5(1)(c),inthecaseofanapplicationforcitizenshipundersubsection5(1)
(b)paragraph5(5)(d),inthecaseofanapplicationforcitizenshipundersubsection5(5)and
(c)paragraph11(1)(d),inthecaseofanapplicationforresumptionofcitizenshipunder
subsection11(1).
Interruptionofproceedings
(1.1)Despitesubsection(1),thecitizenshipjudgeisnotauthorizedtomakeadetermination
until
(a)thecompletionofanyinvestigationorinquiryforthepurposeofascertainingwhetherthe
applicantshouldbethesubjectofanadmissibilityhearingoraremovalorderunderthe
ImmigrationandRefugeeProtectionActorwhethersection20or22appliestotheapplicant
and
(b)iftheapplicantisthesubjectofanadmissibilityhearingundertheImmigrationandRefugee
ProtectionAct,adeterminationastowhetheraremovalorderistobemadeagainstthat
applicant.
ApplicationreturnedtoMinister
(1.2)Despitesubsection(1),thecitizenshipjudgeisnotauthorizedtomakeadeterminationif
(a)afterthecompletionofaninvestigationorinquiryreferredtoinparagraph(1.1)(a),itis
determinedthatsection20or22appliestotheapplicantand
(b)afteranadmissibilityhearingreferredtoinparagraph(1.1)(b),therehasbeena
determinationtomakearemovalorderagainsttheapplicant.
NoticetoMinister
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(2)Withoutdelayaftermakingadeterminationundersubsection(1)inrespectofan
application,thecitizenshipjudgeshallapproveornotapprovetheapplicationinaccordancewith
hisorherdetermination,notifytheMinisteraccordinglyandprovidetheMinisterwiththereasons
forhisorherdecision.
Noticetoapplicant
(3)Ifacitizenshipjudgedoesnotapproveanapplicationundersubsection(2),thecitizenship
judgeshallwithoutdelaynotifytheapplicantofhisorherdecision,ofthereasonsforitandofthe
righttoapplyforjudicialreview.
(4)to(6)[Repealed,2014,c.22,s.12]
R.S.,1985,c.C29,s.14 1995,c.15,s.23 2001,c.27,s.230 2008,c.14,s.10 2014,c.22,s.12.
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Obligationanswertruthfully
15.ApersonwhomakesanapplicationunderthisActmustanswertruthfullyallquestionsput
tohimorherthatarerelatedtotheapplication.
R.S.,1985,c.C29,s.15 2014,c.22,s.13.
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16.[Repealed,2014,c.22,s.13]
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17.[Repealed,2014,c.22,s.13]
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Noticetopersoninrespectofrevocation
18.(1)TheMinistershallnotmakeareportundersection10unlesstheMinisterhasgiven
noticeofhisintentiontodosotothepersoninrespectofwhomthereportistobemadeand
(a)thatpersondoesnot,withinthirtydaysafterthedayonwhichthenoticeissent,request
thattheMinisterreferthecasetotheCourtor
(b)thatpersondoessorequestandtheCourtdecidesthatthepersonhasobtained,retained,
renouncedorresumedcitizenshipbyfalserepresentationorfraudorbyknowinglyconcealing
materialcircumstances.
Natureofnotice
(2)Thenoticereferredtoinsubsection(1)shallstatethatthepersoninrespectofwhomthe
reportistobemademay,withinthirtydaysafterthedayonwhichthenoticeissenttohim,
requestthattheMinisterreferthecasetotheCourt,andsuchnoticeissufficientifitissentby
registeredmailtothepersonathislatestknownaddress.
Decisionfinal
(3)AdecisionoftheCourtmadeundersubsection(1)isfinaland,notwithstandinganyother
ActofParliament,noappealliestherefrom.
19747576,c.108,s.17.
Definitions
19.(1)Inthissectionandsections19.1,19.2and20,ReviewCommitteeandthreatstothe
securityofCanadahavethesamemeaningsasintheCanadianSecurityIntelligenceServiceAct.
ReporttoReviewCommittee
(2)WheretheMinisterisoftheopinionthatapersonshouldnotbegrantedcitizenshipunder
section5orsubsection11(1)oradministeredtheoathofcitizenshiporbeissuedacertificateof
renunciationundersection9becausetherearereasonablegroundstobelievethatthepersonwill
engageinactivity
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(a)thatconstitutesathreattothesecurityofCanada,or
(b)thatispartofapatternofcriminalactivityplannedandorganizedbyanumberofpersons
actinginconcertinfurtheranceofthecommissionofanyoffencethatmaybepunishableunder
anyActofParliamentbywayofindictment,
theMinistermaymakeareporttotheReviewCommittee.
Noticetobesenttopersonaffected
(3)TheMinistershall,withintendaysafterareportismadepursuanttosubsection(2),cause
anoticetobesentinformingthepersonreferredtointhatsubsectionofthereportandstating
thatfollowinganinvestigationinrelationthereto,adeclarationwithrespecttothatpersonmaybe
madebytheGovernorinCouncilundersection20.
ApplicationoftheCanadianSecurityIntelligenceServiceAct
(4)WhereareportismadetotheReviewCommitteepursuanttosubsection(2),theReview
Committeeshallinvestigatethegroundsonwhichitisbasedandforthatpurposesubsections
39(2)and(3)andsections43,44and48to51oftheCanadianSecurityIntelligenceServiceAct
apply,withsuchmodificationsasthecircumstancesrequire,totheinvestigationasifthe
investigationwereconductedinrelationtoacomplaintmadepursuanttosection42ofthatAct,
exceptthatareferenceinanyofthoseprovisionstodeputyheadshallbereadasareferenceto
theMinister.
Investigationtocease
(4.1)IftheReviewCommitteeisoftheopinionthatitcannotperformitsdutiesdescribedin
subsections(4),(5)and(6),itmustceaseitsinvestigationandgivenoticetotheMinisterandthe
personreferredtoinsubsection(2).
Statementtobesenttopersonaffected
(5)TheReviewCommitteeshall,assoonaspracticableafterareportismadetoitpursuantto
subsection(2),sendtothepersonwithrespecttowhomthereportismadeastatement
summarizingsuchinformationavailabletoitaswillenablethepersontobeasfullyinformedas
possibleofthecircumstancesgivingrisetothereport.
Report
(6)TheReviewCommitteeshall,oncompletionofaninvestigationmadepursuanttosubsection
(4),makeareporttotheGovernorinCouncilonallmattersrelatingtheretoandshall,atthesame
timeasorafterthereportismade,providethecomplainantwiththeconclusionsofthereport.
R.S.,1985,c.C29,s.19 1992,c.1,s.144(F) 1997,c.22,s.1.
Appointmentofajudge
19.1(1)AfterconsultationbythePrimeMinisterofCanadawiththeLeaderoftheOppositionin
theHouseofCommonsandtheleaderintheHouseofCommonsofeachpartyhavingatleast
twelvemembersinthatHouse,theGovernorinCouncilmayappointaretiredjudgeofasuperior
courtforatermofthreetofiveyearstoperformthedutiesoftheReviewCommitteedescribedin
subsections19(4),(5)and(6).
Tenureandreappointment
(2)Theappointedpersonholdsofficeduringgoodbehaviourandmayberemovedbythe
GovernorinCouncilatanytimeforcause.Thepersoniseligibletobereappointed.
Remunerationandexpenses
(3)Theappointedpersonshallbepaid,foreachdaythatthepersonperformsdutiesunderthis
Act,suchremunerationasisfixedbytheGovernorinCouncil,andisentitledtobepaid
reasonabletravelandlivingexpensesincurredinthecourseoftheirdutiesunderthisActwhile
absentfromtheirordinaryplaceofresidence.
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1997,c.22,s.2.
Referral
19.2(1)TheMinistermayrefertothepersonappointedundersubsection19.1(1)anycasethat
theReviewCommitteehasceasedtoinvestigateundersubsection19(4.1)and,inthatcase,the
Ministermustmakeareportdescribedinsubsection19(2)totheappointedpersonandsendthe
noticedescribedinsubsection19(3).
Applicationofsubsections19(4),(5)and(6)
(2)Subsections19(4),(5)and(6)applytotheappointedpersonasifthatpersonwerethe
ReviewCommittee.
1997,c.22,s.2.
Annualreport
19.3Thepersonappointedundersubsection19.1(1)must,notlaterthanSeptember30,submit
totheMinisterofPublicSafetyandEmergencyPreparednessareportoftheactivitiesofthe
personduringtheprecedingfiscalyearandthatMinistermustcausethereporttobelaidbefore
eachHouseofParliamentonanyofthefirst15daysonwhichthatHouseissittingaftertheday
onwhichtheMinisterreceivesit.
1997,c.22,s.2 2005,c.10,s.14.
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DeclarationbytheGovernorinCouncilinmattersofsecurity
20.(1)NotwithstandinganythinginthisAct,apersonshallnotbegrantedcitizenshipunder
section5orsubsection11(1)oradministeredtheoathofcitizenshiporbeissuedacertificateof
renunciationundersection9where,afterconsideringthereportmadeundersubsection19(6)by
theReviewCommitteeorthepersonappointedundersubsection19.1(1),theGovernorinCouncil
declaresthattherearereasonablegroundstobelievethatthepersonwithrespecttowhomthe
reportwasmadewillengageinanactivitydescribedinparagraph19(2)(a)or(b).
Effectonapplicationsandappeals
(2)Ifapersonisthesubjectofadeclarationmadeundersubsection(1),anyapplicationthat
hasbeenmadebythatpersonundersection5or9orsubsection11(1)isdeemedtoberefused
andanyrelatedapplicationforjudicialrevieworappealisdeemedtobedismissed.
Expirationofdeclaration
(3)Adeclarationmadeundersubsection(1)ceasestohaveeffecttwoyearsafterthedayon
whichitwasmade.
Furtherdeclaration
(4)Notwithstandingthatadeclarationhasbeenpreviouslymadeundersubsection20(1)with
respecttoaperson,theGovernorinCouncilmay,afterconsideringanyfurtherapplicationmade
bythatperson,makeafurtherdeclarationunderthatsubsectionwithrespecttothatperson.
Conclusiveproof
(5)NotwithstandinganythinginthisActoranyotherActofParliament,adeclarationbythe
GovernorinCouncilundersubsection(1)isconclusiveofthemattersstatedthereininrelationto
anapplicationforcitizenshiporfortheissueofacertificateofrenunciation.
R.S.,1985,c.C29,s.20 1997,c.22,s.3 2014,c.22,s.16.
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Periodsnotcountedasresidence
21.NotwithstandinganythinginthisAct,noperiodmaybecountedasaperiodofresidencefor
thepurposeofthisActduringwhichapersonhasbeen,pursuanttoanyenactmentinforcein
Canada,
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(a)underaprobationorder
(b)aparoledinmateor
(c)confinedinorbeenaninmateofanypenitentiary,jail,reformatoryorprison.
19747576,c.108,s.19.
Prohibition
22.(1)DespiteanythinginthisAct,apersonshallnotbegrantedcitizenshipundersubsection
5(1),(2)or(4)or11(1)ortaketheoathofcitizenship
(a)whilethepersonis,pursuanttoanyenactmentinforceinCanada,
(i)underaprobationorder,
(ii)aparoledinmate,or
(iii)confinedinorisaninmateofanypenitentiary,jail,reformatoryorprison
(b)whilethepersonischargedwith,ontrialfororsubjecttoorapartytoanappealrelatingto
anoffenceundersubsection29(2)or(3)oranindictableoffenceunderanyActofParliament,
otherthananoffencethatisdesignatedasacontraventionundertheContraventionsAct
(c)whilethepersonisunderinvestigationbytheMinisterofJustice,theRoyalCanadian
MountedPoliceortheCanadianSecurityIntelligenceServicefor,orischargedwith,ontrialfor,
subjecttoorapartytoanappealrelatingto,anoffenceunderanyofsections4to7ofthe
CrimesAgainstHumanityandWarCrimesAct
(d)ifthepersonhasbeenconvictedofanoffenceunderanyofsections4to7oftheCrimes
AgainstHumanityandWarCrimesAct
(e)ifthepersonhasnotobtainedtheauthorizationtoreturntoCanadarequiredunder
subsection52(1)oftheImmigrationandRefugeeProtectionActor
(f)if,duringthefiveyearsimmediatelyprecedingthepersonsapplication,thepersonceased
tobeacitizenpursuanttosubsection10(1).
Prohibition
(2)DespiteanythinginthisAct,butsubjecttotheCriminalRecordsAct,apersonshallnotbe
grantedcitizenshipundersubsection5(1),(2)or(4)or11(1)ortaketheoathofcitizenshipif,
(a)duringthethreeyearperiodimmediatelyprecedingthedateofthepersonsapplication,or
(b)duringtheperiodbetweenthedateofthepersonsapplicationandthedatethattheperson
wouldotherwisebegrantedcitizenshiportaketheoathofcitizenship,
thepersonhasbeenconvictedofanoffenceundersubsection29(2)or(3)orofanindictable
offenceunderanyActofParliament,otherthananoffencethatisdesignatedasacontravention
undertheContraventionsAct.
R.S.,1985,c.C29,s.22 R.S.,1985,c.30(3rdSupp.),s.11 1992,c.47,s.67,c.49,s.124 1999,c.31,s.42
2000,c.24,s.33 2001,c.27,s.231 2008,c.14,s.11.
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PARTV.1
JUDICIALREVIEW
Applicationforjudicialreviewonlywithleave
22.1(1)AnapplicationforjudicialreviewwithrespecttoanymatterunderthisActmaybe
madeonlywithleaveoftheCourt.
Applicationforleave
(2)Thefollowingprovisionsgovernanapplicationforleave:
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(a)theapplicationmustbefiledintheRegistryoftheCourtandservedontheotherparty
within30daysafterthedayonwhichtheapplicantisnotifiedoforotherwisebecomesawareof
thematter
(b)ajudgeoftheCourtmay,forspecialreasons,allowanextendedtimeforfilingandserving
theapplication
(c)ajudgeoftheCourtshalldisposeoftheapplicationwithoutdelayandinasummaryway
and,unlessajudgeoftheCourtdirectsotherwise,withoutpersonalappearanceand
(d)noappealliesfromthedecisionoftheCourtwithrespecttotheapplicationorwithrespect
toaninterlocutorydecision.
ApplicationbyMinister
(3)TheMinistermaymakeanapplicationinrespectofadecisionofacitizenshipjudge.
2014,c.22,s.20.
Judicialreview
22.2Thefollowingprovisionsgovernthejudicialreview:
(a)thejudgewhograntsleaveshallfixthedayandplaceforahearing
(b)thehearingshallbeheldnolaterthan90daysafterthedayonwhichleaveisgrantedand,
unlessthepartiesagreeotherwise,noearlierthan30daysafterthatday
(c)thejudgeshalldisposeoftheapplicationwithoutdelayandinasummarywayand
(d)anappealtotheFederalCourtofAppealmaybemadeonlyif,inrenderingjudgment,the
judgecertifiesthataseriousquestionofgeneralimportanceisinvolvedandstatesthe
question.
2014,c.22,s.20.
Rules
22.3WiththeapprovaloftheGovernorinCouncil,therulescommitteeestablishedunder
section45.1oftheFederalCourtsActmaymakerulesgoverningthepracticeandprocedurein
relationtoapplicationsforleavetocommenceanapplicationforjudicialreview,applicationsfor
judicialreviewandappeals.Therulesarebindingdespiteanyruleorpracticethatwouldotherwise
apply.
2014,c.22,s.20.
InconsistencywithFederalCourtsAct
22.4IntheeventofaninconsistencybetweentheprovisionsofthisPartandanyprovisionof
theFederalCourtsAct,thisPartprevailstotheextentoftheinconsistency.
2014,c.22,s.20.
PARTVI
ADMINISTRATION
Delegationofauthority
23.AnythingthatisrequiredtobedoneorthatmaybedonebytheMinisterunderthisActor
theregulationsmaybedoneonbehalfoftheMinisterbyanypersonauthorizedbytheMinisterin
writingtoactonhisbehalfwithoutproofoftheauthenticityoftheauthorization.
19747576,c.108,s.21.
Additionalinformation,evidenceorappearance
23.1TheMinistermayrequireanapplicanttoprovideanyadditionalinformationorevidence
relevanttohisorherapplication,specifyingthedatebywhichitisrequired.Forthatpurpose,the
Ministermayrequiretheapplicanttoappearinpersonorbyanymeansoftelecommunicationto
beexaminedbeforetheMinisterorbeforeacitizenshipjudge,specifyingthetimeandtheplace
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orthetimeandthemeansfortheappearance.
2014,c.22,s.22.
Requirementtotakeoathofcitizenship
24.WhereapersonisrequiredunderthisActtotaketheoathofcitizenship,thepersonshall
swearoraffirmintheformsetoutinthescheduleandinaccordancewiththeregulations.
19747576,c.108,s.23.
Evidenceofdeclarations
25.(1)AnydeclarationmadeunderthisActorpriorlegislationoranyregulationsmade
thereundermaybeprovedinanylegalproceedingbytheproductionoftheoriginaldeclarationor
ofanycopythereofcertifiedtobeatruecopybytheMinister,andtheproductionofthe
declarationorcopyisconclusiveevidenceofthecontentsthereofandofthepersonnamedtherein
asdeclaranthavingmadethedeclarationatthedatethereinmentioned.
Evidenceofcertificates
(2)Acertificateofcitizenship,acertificateofnaturalizationoracertificateofrenunciationmay
beprovedinanylegalproceedingbytheproductionoftheoriginalcertificateorofadocument
thatiscertifiedbytheMinisterasbearingthesameinformationastheoriginalcertificate.
19747576,c.108,s.24.
Citizenshipjudges
26.(1)TheGovernorinCouncilmayappointanycitizentobeacitizenshipjudge.
Duties
(2)InadditiontohisotherdutiessetoutinthisAct,acitizenshipjudgeshallperformsuch
otherdutiesastheMinisterprescribesforcarryingintoeffectthepurposesandprovisionsofthis
Act.
19747576,c.108,s.25.
Regulations
27.TheGovernorinCouncilmaymakeregulations
(a)prescribingthemannerinwhichandtheplaceatwhichapplicationsaretobemadeand
noticesaretobegivenunderthisActandtheevidencethatistobeprovidedwithrespectto
thoseapplicationsandnotices
(b)respectingfeesforservicesprovidedintheadministrationofthisAct,andcasesinwhich
thosefeesmaybewaived
(c)providingfortheremissionoffeesreferredtoinparagraph(b)
(d)providingforvariouscriteriathatmaybeappliedtodeterminewhetheraperson
(i)hasanadequateknowledgeofoneoftheofficiallanguagesofCanada,or
(ii)hasanadequateknowledgeofCanadaandoftheresponsibilitiesandprivilegesof
citizenship
(iii)[Repealed,2008,c.14,s.12]
(d.1)providingforthefactorstobeconsideredindeterminingwhethertherequirementssetout
insection5.1aremet
(d.2)providingforthecircumstancesinwhichtheMinistershalldeterminethatanyofthe
requirementsofsubsections5.1(1)and(2)aremet
(d.3)providingforthecircumstancesinwhichareviewofanapplicationundersection5.1is
suspended
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(e)prescribingtheprocedurestobefollowedinthereferralofapplicationstocitizenship
judges
(f)prescribingtheprocedurestobefollowedbycitizenshipjudgesintheperformanceoftheir
duties
(g)prescribingtheceremonialprocedurestobefollowedbycitizenshipjudges
(h)respectingthetakingoftheoathofcitizenship
(i)providingforthenumberofcopiesofanycertificate,declarationorotherdocumentmadeor
issuedunderthisActorpriorlegislationoranyregulationsmadethereunderthatanypersonis
entitledtohave
(j)providingforthesurrenderandretentionofcertificatesofcitizenship,certificatesof
naturalizationorcertificatesofrenunciationissuedorgrantedunderthisActorpriorlegislation
oranyregulationsmadethereunderifthereisreasontobelievethattheholderthereofmaynot
beentitledtheretoorhascontravenedanyoftheprovisionsofthisAct
(j.1)providingfortherenunciationofcitizenshipbypersonswhoarecitizensunderparagraph
3(1)(f)or(g)
(k)providingforthesurrenderandcancellationofcertificatesreferredtoinparagraph(j)where
theholderthereofhasceasedtobeentitledtheretoand
(l)generally,tocarryoutthepurposesandprovisionsofthisAct.
R.S.,1985,c.C29,s.27 2007,c.24,s.3 2008,c.14,s.12 2013,c.33,s.170.
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Layingofproposedregulations
27.1(1)TheMinistershallcauseacopyofeachregulationproposedtobemadeunder
paragraph27(d.1)tobelaidbeforeeachHouseofParliament,andeachHouseshallreferthe
proposedregulationtotheappropriateCommitteeofthatHouse.
Exception
(2)Noproposedregulationthathasbeenlaidundersubsection(1)needagainbelaidunder
thatsubsection,whetherornotithasbeenaltered.
Makingofregulations
(3)TheGovernorinCouncilmaymaketheregulationatanytimeaftertheproposedregulation
hasbeenlaidbeforeeachHouseofParliamentundersubsection(1).
2007,c.24,s.3.1.
UserFeesAct
27.2TheUserFeesActdoesnotapplyinrespectofafeeforservicesprovidedinthe
administrationofthisAct.
2013,c.33,s.171.
PowersofMinister
28.TheMinistermayprescribetheformsofapplications,certificatesandotherdocuments
requiredforthepurposesofthisAct.
19747576,c.108,s.27.
Sunsetafterfiveyears
28.1(1)Section14expiresfiveyearsafterthedayonwhichsubsection22.1(3)comesinto
forceunless,beforethen,theMinisterextendsitsapplicationforuptofiveyears.
Sunsetfurtherperiodsofuptofiveyears
(2)TheMinistermay,beforetheexpiryofeachextendedperiod,extendtheapplicationofthat
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sectionforuptofiveyears.
Sunsetsubsection22.1(3)
(3)Subsection22.1(3)expires30daysafterthedayonwhichsection14expires.
2014,c.22,s.27.
PARTVII
OFFENCES
Definitionofcertificate
29.(1)Forthepurposesofthissection,certificatemeansacertificateofcitizenship,a
certificateofnaturalizationoracertificateofrenunciation.
Offencesandpunishment
(2)Apersonwho
(a)foranyofthepurposesofthisActmakesanyfalserepresentation,commitsfraudor
knowinglyconcealsanymaterialcircumstances,
(b)obtainsorusesacertificateofanotherpersoninordertopersonatethatotherperson,
(c)knowinglypermitshiscertificatetobeusedbyanotherpersontopersonatehimself,or
(d)trafficsincertificatesorhasinhispossessionanycertificateforthepurposeoftrafficking,
isguiltyofanoffenceandliableonsummaryconvictiontoafinenotexceedingonethousand
dollarsortoimprisonmentforatermnotexceedingoneyearortoboth.
Idem
(3)Apersonwho
(a)withoutlawfulauthorityissuesoraltersacertificate,
(b)counterfeitsacertificate,or
(c)uses,actsonorcausesorattemptstocauseanypersontouseoractonacertificate,
knowingittohavebeenunlawfullyissuedoralteredortohavebeencounterfeited,
isguiltyofanindictableoffenceandliabletoafinenotexceedingfivethousanddollarsorto
imprisonmentforatermnotexceedingthreeyearsortoboth.
Idem
(4)ApersonwhocontravenesanyprovisionofthisActortheregulationsforthecontravention
ofwhichnofineorimprisonmentisprovidedinthisActisguiltyofanoffencepunishableon
summaryconviction.
19747576,c.108,s.28.
WhereoffenceiscommittedoutsideCanada
30.(1)Anactoromissionthatwould,ifcommittedinCanada,beanoffenceunderthisActis,
ifcommittedoutsideCanada,anoffenceunderthisAct.
Jurisdiction
(2)WhereapersonhascommittedoutsideCanadaanactoromissionthatisanoffenceunder
thisAct,theoffenceiswithinthecompetenceofandmaybetriedandpunishedbyanycourt
havingjurisdictioninrespectofsimilaroffencesintheplaceinCanadawherethatpersonisfound
inthesamemannerasiftheoffencehadbeencommittedinthatplace,orbyanyothercourtto
whichjurisdictionhasbeenlawfullytransferred.
19747576,c.108,s.29.
Limitationperiod
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31.AnyproceedingsinrespectofanoffenceunderthisActortheregulationsthatis
punishableonsummaryconvictionmaybeinstitutedatanytimewithinbutnotlaterthanthree
yearsafterthetimewhentheoffencewascommitted.
19747576,c.108,s.30.
PARTVIII
STATUSOFPERSONSINCANADA
CitizenoftheCommonwealth
32.(1)Everypersonwho,underanenactmentofaCommonwealthcountryotherthanCanada,
isacitizenornationalofthatcountryhasinCanadathestatusofacitizenoftheCommonwealth.
Britishsubject
(2)ForthepurposesofanylawinforceinCanadaonandafterFebruary15,1977thatrefersto
thestatusofBritishsubject,thestatussodescribedshallrefertothestatusofCanadiancitizenor
citizenoftheCommonwealthorbothastheintentofthatlawmayrequire.
19747576,c.108,s.31.
CitizenofIreland
33.AnylawofCanadaandanyregulationmadethereundershall,unlessitotherwiseprovides,
haveeffectinrelationtoacitizenofIrelandwhoisnotacitizenoftheCommonwealthinlike
mannerasithasinrelationtoacitizenoftheCommonwealth.
19747576,c.108,s.32.
Rights
34.Subjecttosection35,
(a)realandpersonalpropertyofeverydescriptionmaybetaken,acquired,heldanddisposed
ofbyapersonwhoisnotacitizeninthesamemannerinallrespectsasbyacitizenand
(b)atitletorealandpersonalpropertyofeverydescriptionmaybederivedthrough,fromorin
successiontoapersonwhoisnotacitizeninthesamemannerinallrespectsasthough
through,fromorinsuccessiontoacitizen.
19747576,c.108,s.33.
AuthoritytoprohibitorrestrictacquisitionsofpropertyinaprovincebynonCanadians
35.(1)Subjecttosubsection(3),theLieutenantGovernorinCouncilofaprovinceorsuch
otherpersonorauthorityintheprovinceasisdesignatedbytheLieutenantGovernorinCouncil
thereofisauthorizedtoprohibit,annulorinanymannerrestrictthetakingoracquisitiondirectly
orindirectlyof,orthesuccessionto,anyinterestinrealpropertylocatedintheprovinceby
personswhoarenotcitizensorbycorporationsorassociationsthatareeffectivelycontrolledby
personswhoarenotcitizens.
Regulations
(2)TheLieutenantGovernorinCouncilofaprovincemaymakeregulationsapplicableinthe
provinceforthepurposesofdetermining
(a)whattransactionsconstituteadirectoranindirecttakingoracquisitionofanyinterestin
realpropertylocatedintheprovince
(b)whatconstituteseffectivecontrolofacorporationorassociationbypersonswhoarenot
citizensand
(c)whatconstitutesanassociation.
Restriction
(3)Subsections(1)and(2)donotoperatesoastoauthorizeorpermittheLieutenantGovernor
inCouncilofaprovince,orsuchotherpersonorauthorityasisdesignatedbytheLieutenant
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GovernorinCouncilthereof,tomakeanydecisionortakeanyactionthat
(a)prohibits,annulsorrestrictsthetakingoracquisitiondirectlyorindirectlyof,orthe
successionto,anyinterestinrealpropertylocatedinaprovincebyapermanentresidentwithin
themeaningofsubsection2(1)oftheImmigrationandRefugeeProtectionAct
(b)conflictswithanylegalobligationofCanadaunderanyinternationallaw,customor
agreement
(c)discriminatesasbetweenpersonswhoarenotcitizensonthebasisoftheirnationalities,
exceptinsofarasmorefavourabletreatmentisrequiredbyanylegalobligationofCanada
underanyinternationallaw,customoragreement
(d)hindersanyforeignstateintakingoracquiringrealpropertylocatedinaprovincefor
diplomaticorconsularpurposesor
(e)prohibits,annulsorrestrictsthetakingoracquisitiondirectlyorindirectlyofanyinterestin
realpropertylocatedinaprovincebyanypersoninthecourseorasaresultofaninvestment
thattheMinisterissatisfiedorisdeemedtobesatisfiedislikelytobeofnetbenefittoCanada
undertheInvestmentCanadaAct.
R.S.,1985,c.C29,s.35 R.S.,1985,c.28(1stSupp.),s.49 2001,c.27,s.232.
36.(1)Everypersonwhofailstocomplywithanyprohibition,annulmentorrestrictionmade
pursuanttosubsection35(1)isguiltyofanoffenceandliableonsummaryconvictiontoafinenot
exceedingtenthousanddollarsortoimprisonmentforatermnotexceedingoneyearortoboth.
Officers,etc.,ofcorporations
(2)Whereacorporationcommitsanoffenceundersubsection(1),anyofficer,directororagent
ofthecorporationwhodirected,authorized,assentedto,acquiescedinorparticipatedinthe
commissionoftheoffenceisapartytoandguiltyoftheoffenceandisliableonconvictiontothe
punishmentprovidedfortheoffencewhetherornotthecorporationhasbeenprosecutedor
convicted.
19747576,c.108,s.33.
Comingintoforce
37.Sections35and36shallcomeintoforceinanyoftheProvincesofOntario,Quebec,Nova
Scotia,NewBrunswick,BritishColumbia,PrinceEdwardIsland,SaskatchewanandNewfoundland
andLabradororinYukon,theNorthwestTerritoriesorNunavutonadayfixedinaproclamationof
theGovernorinCouncildeclaringthosesectionstobeinforceinthatProvinceoranyofthose
territories.
R.S.,1985,c.C29,s.37 1993,c.28,s.78 2002,c.7,s.131 2015,c.3,s.172.
PreviousVersion
Disabilities
38.Sections34and35donotoperatesoasto
(a)qualifyanypersonforanyofficeorforanymunicipal,parliamentaryorotherfranchise
(b)qualifyanypersontobetheownerofaCanadianship
(c)qualifyanypersontotake,acquire,holdordisposeofanypropertythatunderorpursuant
toanyActofParliamentmaybetaken,acquired,heldordisposedofonlybycitizens
(d)entitleanypersontoanyrightorprivilegeasaCanadiancitizenexceptsuchrightsand
privilegesinrespectofpropertyasarebythisActexpresslygiventothepersonor
(e)affectanyestateorinterestinrealorpersonalpropertytowhichapersonhasormay
becomeentitled,eithermediatelyorimmediately,inpossessionorexpectancy,inpursuanceof
anydispositionmadebeforeJuly4,1883,orinpursuanceofanydevolutionbylawonthe
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deathofanypersondyingbeforeJuly4,1883.
19747576,c.108,s.33.
Trial
39.Apersonwhoisnotacitizenistriableatlawinthesamemannerasifthepersonwerea
citizen.
19747576,c.108,s.34.
SCHEDULE
(Section24)
OATHORAFFIRMATIONOFCITIZENSHIP
Iswear(oraffirm)thatIwillbefaithfulandbeartrueallegiancetoHerMajestyQueenElizabeththeSecond,
QueenofCanada,HerHeirsandSuccessors,andthatIwillfaithfullyobservethelawsofCanadaandfulfilmyduties
asaCanadiancitizen.
19747576,c.108,Sch.
CitizenshipAct
1SHORTTITLE
2INTERPRETATION
3PARTITHERIGHTTOCITIZENSHIP
7PARTIILOSSOFCITIZENSHIP
11PARTIIIRESUMPTIONOFCITIZENSHIP
12PARTIVCERTIFICATEOFCITIZENSHIP
13PARTVPROCEDURE
22.1PARTV.1JUDICIALREVIEW
23PARTVIADMINISTRATION
29PARTVIIOFFENCES
32PARTVIIISTATUSOFPERSONSINCANADA
SCHEDULEOATHORAFFIRMATIONOFCITIZENSHIP
RELATEDPROVISIONS
1997,c.22,s.10
CitizenshipAct
10.If,beforesection1ofthisActcomesintoforce,alegalproceedinghasbeencommencedwith
respecttoaninvestigationundersubsection19(4)oftheCitizenshipAct,afinaldecisioninthat
proceedingthattheReviewCommitteemustceaseitsinvestigationisdeemedtobeadecisionofthe
ReviewCommitteeundersubsection19(4.1)ofthatAct,asenactedbysubsection1(2)ofthisAct.
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2014,c.22,s.31
Existingapplicationssections5,5.1,9and11
31.(1)Subjecttosubsections(2)and(3),anapplicationthatwasmadeundersubsection5(1),(2),
or(5),5.1(1),(2)or(3),9(1)or11(1)oftheCitizenshipActbeforethedayonwhichsection11comes
intoforceandwasnotfinallydisposedofbeforethatdayistobedealtwithanddisposedofinaccord
ancewith
(a)theprovisionsofthatActexceptsection3,subsection5(4),sections5.1and14and
paragraph22(1)(f)astheyreadimmediatelybeforethatdayand
(b)thefollowingprovisionsofthatActastheyreadonthatday:
(i)section3,
(ii)paragraph5(2)(b)andsubsection5(4),
(iii)section5.1otherthanparagraph(1)(c.1),
(iv)sections13.1to14,and
(v)paragraphs22(1)(a.1),(a.2),(b.1),(e.1),(e.2)and(f)andsubsections22(1.1),(3)and(4).
Orderincouncil
(2)Onthedayonwhichsection11comesintoforce,thereferencetosubsection3(7)insubsection
(1)isreplacedbyareferencetothatsection11.
Paragraphs5(1)(c)and11(1)(d)
(3)Onthedayonwhichsubsection2(2)comesintoforce
(a)thereferencetosection11insubsection(1)isreplacedbyareferencetothatsubsection2(2)
and
(b)therequirementdescribedinparagraph5(1)(c)or11(1)(d)ofthatAct,asenactedby
subsections3(1)and9(2),respectively,thatapersonhavenounfulfilledconditionsrelatingtotheir
statusasapermanentresident,appliestoanapplicationreferredtoinsubsection(1).
2014,c.22,s.32
Reportsunderformersection10
32.If,immediatelybeforethedayonwhichsection8comesintoforce,theMinister,withinthe
meaningoftheCitizenshipAct,wasentitledtomakeorhadmadeareportreferredtoinsection10of
thatAct,asthatsection10readimmediatelybeforethatday,thematteristobedealtwithand
disposedofinaccordancewiththatAct,asitreadimmediatelybeforethatday.
2014,c.22,s.33
Judicialreviewsubsection10(1)
33.Ifamatteristhesubjectofanorderthatismadeundersubsection10(1)oftheCitizenshipAct
beforethedayonwhichsection8comesintoforceorasaresultoftheapplicationofsection32or
subsection40(1)andthatissetasidebytheFederalCourtandreferredbackfordetermination,the
matteristobedeterminedbytheGovernorinCouncilinaccordancewiththatsubsection10(1)asit
readimmediatelybeforethatday.
2014,c.22,s.34
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Existingapplicationssubsections5(1.2)and(1.3)and11(1.1)and(1.2)
34.(1)Subjecttosubsection(2),subsections5(1.2)and(1.3)and11(1.1)and(1.2)ofthe
CitizenshipAct,asenactedbysubsections3(3)and9(3),respectively,continuetoapplyinrespectof
applicationsthatweremadebeforethedayonwhichsubsections3(4)and9(4)comeintoforceand
werenotfinallydisposedofbeforethatday.
Exception
(2)Therequirementdescribedinsubsections5(1.2)and11(1.1)oftheCitizenshipAct,asenacted
bysubsections3(4)and9(4),respectively,thatapersonhavenounfulfilledconditionsrelatingtohis
orherstatusasapermanentresidentappliesinrespectofapplicationsreferredtoinsubsection(1).
2014,c.22,s.35
Redeterminationofdecisionssections5,9and11
35.Anydecisionthatismadeundersection5,9or11oftheCitizenshipActbeforethedayon
whichsubsection12(1)comesintoforceandthatissetasidebytheFederalCourtandsentbackfora
redeterminationonorafterthedayonwhichthatsubsectioncomesintoforceistobedeterminedin
accordancewiththatActasitreadsonthatday.
2014,c.22,s.36
Expiryofsection14decisionsundersection5or11
36.Intheeventthatsection14oftheCitizenshipActexpiresinaccordancewithsection28.1of
thatAct,anydecisionthatismadeundersection5or11ofthatActbeforethedayonwhichthat
section14expiresandthatissetasidebytheFederalCourtandsentbackforaredeterminationonor
afterthatdayistobedeterminedinaccordancewiththatActasitreadsonthatday.
2014,c.22,s.37
Existingapplicationssubsection12(1)
37.(1)Anapplicationthatwasmadeundersubsection12(1)oftheCitizenshipActbeforetheday
onwhichsubsection3(7)comesintoforceandwasnotfinallydisposedofbeforethatdayistobedealt
withanddisposedofinaccordancewith
(a)theprovisionsofthatActexceptsection3astheyreadimmediatelybeforethatdayand
(b)section3ofthatActasitreadsonthatday.
Orderincouncil
(2)Onthedayonwhichsubsection2(2)comesintoforce,thereferencetosubsection3(7)in
subsection(1)isreplacedbyareferencetothatsubsection2(2).
2014,c.22,s.38
Existingapplicationsexpiryofsection14
38.Intheeventthatsection14oftheCitizenshipActexpiresinaccordancewithsection28.1of
thatAct,everyapplicationthatisreferredtoacitizenshipjudgefordeterminationunderthatsection14
andinrespectofwhichadecisiontoapproveornottoapproveisnotmadebeforetheexpiryofthat
section14istobedealtwithanddisposedofinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthatAct,asifthat
section14hadbeenrepealed.
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2014,c.22,s.39
Existingappealsandjudicialreviewapplications
39.Anappealundersubsection14(5)oftheCitizenshipActoranapplicationforjudicialreview
withrespecttoanymatterunderthatActthatwascommencedbeforethedayonwhichsection20
comesintoforceandwasnotfinallydisposedofbeforethatdayistobedealtwithanddisposedofin
accordancewiththatActandtheFederalCourtsActastheyreadimmediatelybeforethatday.
2014,c.22,s.40
Proceedingpending
40.(1)AproceedingthatispendingbeforetheFederalCourtimmediatelybeforethedayonwhich
section8comesintoforce,asaresultofareferralundersection18oftheCitizenshipActasthat
section18readimmediatelybeforethatday,istobedealtwithanddisposedofinaccordancewith
thatAct,asitreadimmediatelybeforethatday.
Revocationcasessections34,35and37ofImmigrationandRefugeeProtectionAct
(2)Anyproceedingwithrespecttoallegationsthatapersonobtained,retained,renouncedor
resumedhisorhercitizenshipbyfalserepresentationorfraudorbyknowinglyconcealingmaterial
circumstances,withrespecttoafactdescribedinsection34,35or37oftheImmigrationandRefugee
ProtectionActotherthanafactthatisalsodescribedinparagraph36(1)(a)or(b)or(2)(a)or(b)of
thatAct,thatispendingbeforetheFederalCourtimmediatelybeforethedayonwhichsection8comes
intoforce,asaresultofareferralundersection18oftheCitizenshipActasthatsection18read
immediatelybeforethatday,istobecontinuedasaproceedingundersubsection10.1(1)ofthe
CitizenshipAct,asenactedbysection8.
MinisterofPublicSafetyandEmergencyPreparedness
(3)Inaproceedingthatiscontinuedassetoutinsubsection(2),theMinisterofCitizenshipand
Immigration,ontherequestoftheMinisterofPublicSafetyandEmergencyPreparedness,mayseeka
declarationthatthepersonisinadmissibleonsecuritygrounds,ongroundsofviolatinghumanor
internationalrightsorongroundsoforgan
i zedcriminalityunder,respectively,subsection34(1),
paragraph35(1)(a)or(b)orsubsection37(1)oftheImmigrationandRefugeeProtectionAct.
Othercases
(4)If,immediatelybeforethecomingintoforceofsection8,anoticehasbeengivenunder
subsection18(1)oftheCitizenshipAct,asthatsubsectionreadimmediatelybeforethatcominginto
force,andthecaseisnotprovidedforundersection32oranyofsubsections(1)to(3),thenoticeis
cancelledandanyproceedingarisingfromitisterminatedonthatcomingintoforce,inwhichcasethe
Minister,withinthemeaningofthatAct,mayprovidethepersontowhomthatnoticewasgivena
noticeundersubsection10(3)ofthatAct,asenactedbysection8,ormaycommenceanactionfora
declarationinrespectofthatpersonundersubsection10.1(1)ofthatAct,asenactedbysection8.
AMENDMENTSNOTINFORCE
2014,c.22,ss.2(2),(3)
2.(2)Subsection3(1)oftheActisamendedbystrikingoutorattheendofsubparagraph
(i)(iii)andbyaddingthefollowingafterparagraph(j):
(k)theperson,beforeJanuary1,1947,wasbornornaturalizedinCanadabutceasedtobeaBritish
subject,anddidnotbecomeacitizenonthatday
(l)theperson,beforeApril1,1949,wasbornornaturalizedinNewfoundlandandLabradorbut
ceasedtobeaBritishsubject,anddidnotbecomeacitizenonorbeforethatday
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(m)theperson,onJanuary1,1947,wasaBritishsubjectneitherbornnornaturalizedinCanadaand
wasordinarilyresidentinCanada,anddidnotbecomeacitizenonthatday
(n)theperson,onApril1,1949,wasaBritishsubjectneitherbornnornaturalizedinNewfoundland
andLabradorandwasordinarilyresidentthere,anddidnotbecomeacitizenonorbeforethatday
(o)thepersonwasbornoutsideCanadaandNewfoundlandandLabradorbeforeJanuary1,1947toa
parentwhoisacitizenunderparagraph(k)or(m),andthepersondidnotbecomeacitizenonthat
day
(p)thepersonwasbornoutsideCanadaandNewfoundlandandLabradorbeforeApril1,1949toa
parentwhoisacitizenunderparagraph(l)or(n),andthepersondidnotbecomeacitizenonor
beforethatday
(q)thepersonwasbornoutsideCanadaandNewfoundlandandLabradorbeforeJanuary1,1947toa
parentwhobecameacitizenonthatdayundertheCanadianCitizenshipAct,S.C.1946,c.15,and
thepersondidnotbecomeacitizenonthatdayor
(r)thepersonwasbornoutsideCanadaandNewfoundlandandLabradorbeforeApril1,1949toa
parentwhobecameacitizenonthatdayundersection44AoftheCanadianCitizenshipAct,S.C.
1946,c.15,asenactedbyS.C.1949,c.6,andthepersondidnotbecomeacitizenonorbefore
thatday.
(3)Section3oftheActisamendedbyaddingthefollowingaftersubsection(1):
Forgreatercertainty
(1.01)Forgreatercertainty,thereferencetoCanadainparagraphs(1)(k),(m)and(o)to(r)isa
referencetoCanadaasitexistedimmediatelybeforetheunionofNewfoundlandandLabradorwith
Canada.
2014,c.22,ss.2(5),(6)
2.(5)Section3oftheActisamendedbyaddingthefollowingaftersubsection(1.1):
(1.2)Apersonwhowouldnotbecomeacitizenunderparagraph(1)(b),(g),(h),(o)or(p)forthe
solereasonthat,onthecomingintoforceofthissubsection,hisorherparentreferredtoinoneof
thoseparagraphsisdeceased,isacitizenunderthatparagraphifthatparent,butforhisorher
death,wouldhavebeenacitizenunderanyofparagraphs(1)(k)to(n).
(1.3)Apersonwhowouldnotbecomeacitizenunderparagraph(1)(q)forthesolereasonthathis
orherparentdiedbeforeJanuary1,1947anddidnotbecomeacitizenonthatdayundertheCanadian
CitizenshipAct,S.C.1946,c.15,is,nonetheless,acitizenunderthatparagraphifhisorherparent
wouldhavebeenacitizenifthatActhadcomeintoforceimmediatelybeforetheirdeathandthedate
referredtointheprovisionsofthatActthatsetouttherequirementstobemettobecomeacitizenhad
beenthedayofthatcomingintoforceratherthanJanuary1,1947.
(1.4)Apersonwhowouldnotbecomeacitizenunderparagraph(1)(r)forthesolereasonthathisor
herparentdiedbeforeApril1,1949anddidnotbecomeacitizenonthatdayundersection44Aofthe
CanadianCitizenshipAct,S.C.1946,c.15,asenactedbyS.C.1949,c.6,is,nonetheless,acitizen
underthatparagraphifhisorherparentwouldhavebeenacitizenifthatActhadcomeintoforce
immediatelybeforetheirdeathandthedatereferredtointheprovisionsofthatActthatsetoutthe
requirementstobemettobecomeacitizenhadbeenthedayofthatcomingintoforceratherthanApril
1,1949.
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Notapplicableparagraphs(1)(k),(m),(o)and(q)
(2.1)Paragraphs(1)(k),(m),(o)and(q)donotapplytoapersonif
(a)beforeJanuary1,1947,thepersonmadeadeclarationofalienage,hadhisorherstatusasa
BritishsubjectrevokedorceasedtobeaBritishsubjectasaconsequenceoftherevocationof
anotherpersonsstatusasaBritishsubjector
(b)thepersonbecameacitizenbywayofgrantonorafterJanuary1,1947andsubsequently
(i)renouncedhisorhercitizenshipunderanyoftheprovisionssetoutinclauses(1)(f)(i)(A)to
(F),or
(ii)hadhisorhercitizenshiprevokedforfalserepresentation,fraudorconcealmentofmaterial
circumstancesunderanyoftheprovisionssetoutinclauses(1)(f)(ii)(A)to(G).
Notapplicableparagraphs(1)(b),(g)and(h)
(2.2)Paragraphs(1)(b),(g)and(h)donotapplytoapersonwho,butforthissubsection,would
beacitizenunderoneofthoseparagraphsforthesolereasonthatoneorbothofhisorherparentsare
personsreferredtoinanyofparagraphs(1)(k),(m),(o)and(q)ifthepersonbecameacitizenby
wayofgrantonorafterJanuary1,1947andsubsequently
(a)renouncedhisorhercitizenshipunderanyoftheprovisionssetoutinclauses(1)(f)(i)(A)to(F)
or
(b)hadhisorhercitizenshiprevokedforfalserepresentation,fraudorconcealmentofmaterial
Notapplicableparagraphs(1)(l),(n),(p)and(r)
(2.3)Paragraphs(1)(l),(n),(p)and(r)donotapplytoapersonif
(a)beforeApril1,1949,thepersonmadeadeclarationofalienage,hadhisorherstatusasa
BritishsubjectrevokedorceasedtobeaBritishsubjectasaconsequenceoftherevocationof
anotherpersonsstatusasaBritishsubjector
(b)thepersonbecameacitizenbywayofgrantonorafterApril1,1949andsubsequently
(i)renouncedhisorhercitizenshipunderanyoftheprovisionssetoutinclauses(1)(f)(i)(A)to
(F),or
(ii)hadhisorhercitizenshiprevokedforfalserepresentation,fraudorconcealmentofmaterial
Notapplicableparagraphs(1)(b),(g)and(h)
(2.4)Paragraphs(1)(b),(g)and(h)donotapplytoapersonwho,butforthissubsection,would
beacitizenunderoneofthoseparagraphsforthesolereasonthatoneorbothofhisorherparentsare
personsreferredtoinanyofparagraphs(1)(l),(n),(p)and(r)ifthepersonbecameacitizenby
wayofgrantonorafterApril1,1949andsubsequently
(a)renouncedhisorhercitizenshipunderanyoftheprovisionssetoutinclauses(1)(f)(i)(A)to(F)
or
(b)hadhisorhercitizenshiprevokedforfalserepresentation,fraudorconcealmentofmaterial
2014,c.22,s.2(8)
2.(8)Theportionofsubsection3(3)oftheActbeforeparagraph(b)isreplacedbythe
following:
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(3)Paragraphs(1)(b),(f)to(j),(q)and(r)donotapplytoapersonbornoutsideCanada
(a)if,atthetimeofhisorherbirth,onlyoneofthepersonsparentswasacitizenandthatparent
wasacitizenunderparagraph(1)(b),(c.1),(e),(g),(h),(o),(p),(q)or(r)orbothofthepersons
parentswerecitizensunderanyofthoseparagraphs
(a.1)ifthepersonwasbornbeforeJanuary1,1947and,onthatday,onlyoneofthepersons
parentswasacitizenandthatparentwasacitizenunderparagraph(1)(o)or(q),orbothofthe
personsparentswerecitizensundereitherofthoseparagraphs
(a.2)ifthepersonwasbornbeforeApril1,1949and,onthatday,onlyoneofthepersonsparents
wasacitizenandthatparentwasacitizenunderparagraph(1)(p)or(r),orbothofthepersons
parentswerecitizensundereitherofthoseparagraphsor
2014,c.22,s.2(11)
2.(11)Section3oftheActisamendedbyaddingthefollowingaftersubsection(4):
Exceptiontransitionalprovision
(4.1)Subsection(3)doesnotapplytoapersonwho,onthecomingintoforceofthissubsection,
wasacitizen.However,thatsubsectionappliestoapersonwho,onthatcomingintoforce,wouldhave
beenacitizenunderparagraph(1)(b)or(g)onlybyoperationofparagraph(7)(i),(k)or(m)inrespect
ofoneofhisorherparents.
2014,c.22,s.2(15)
2.(15)Section3oftheActisamendedbyaddingthefollowingaftersubsection(6.1):
Citizenshipotherthanbywayofgrant
(6.2)Apersonreferredtoinanyofparagraphs(1)(k)to(r)orapersonreferredtoinparagraph
(1)(b)or(g)whoisacitizenunderthatparagraphforthesolereasonthatoneorbothofhisorher
parentsarepersonsreferredtoinanyofparagraphs(1)(k)to(n)whobecameacitizenbywayof
grantbeforethecomingintoforceofthissubsectionisdeemed,exceptforthepurposesofparagraph
(2.1)(b),subsection(2.2),paragraph(2.3)(b),subsection(2.4)andsubparagraphs27(j.1)(ii)and(iii),
nevertohavebeenacitizenbywayofgrant.
Deemedapplication
(6.3)Apersonwhoisreferredtoinparagraph(1)(k),(l),(m)or(n)andalsoinparagraph(1)(o),
(p),(q)or(r)isdeemedtobeacitizenonlyunderthatparagraph(o),(p),(q)or(r).
2014,c.22,ss.2(17)to(19)
2.(17)Subsection3(7)oftheActisamendedbystrikingoutandattheendofparagraph
(g)andbyaddingthefollowingafterparagraph(h):
(i)apersonreferredtoinparagraph(1)(b)whoisacitizenunderthatparagraphforthesolereason
thatoneorbothofhisorherparentsarereferredtoinanyofparagraphs(1)(k)to(n)isdeemedto
beacitizenunderparagraph(1)(b)fromthetimethatheorshewasborn
(j)apersonreferredtoinparagraph(1)(k)or(m)isdeemedtobeacitizenunderthatparagraphas
ofJanuary1,1947
(k)apersonreferredtoinparagraph(1)(o)or(q)isdeemedtobeacitizenunderthatparagraphas
ofJanuary1,1947
(l)apersonreferredtoinparagraph(1)(l)or(n)isdeemedtobeacitizenunderthatparagraphas
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ofApril1,1949and
(m)apersonreferredtoinparagraph(1)(p)or(r)isdeemedtobeacitizenunderthatparagraphas
ofApril1,1949.
2008,c.14,s.2(2)
(18)Theportionofsubsection3(8)oftheActbeforeparagraph(b)isreplacedbythe
following:
Limitation
(8)Foranyperiodbeforethedayonwhichsubsection(7)firsttakeseffectwithrespecttoaperson,
(a)subsection(7)doesnothavetheeffectofconferringanyrights,powersorprivilegesor
imposinganyobligations,dutiesorliabilitiesunderanyActofParliamentotherthanthisActor
anyotherlawonthepersonoronanyotherpersonwhomayhaveanyofthoserights,powers,
privileges,obligations,dutiesandliabilitiesasaresultofthefirstpersonbecomingacitizenand
Definitionofbywayofgrant
(9)Insubsections(2.1)to(2.4)and(6.2),bywayofgrantmeansbywayofgrantunderthisAct
orunderpriorlegislation,bywayofacquisitionunderthisActorbywayofresumptionunderprior
legislation.
2014,c.22,ss.3(1),(2)
2001,c.27,s.228(1)
3.(1)Paragraphs5(1)(c)to(e)oftheActarereplacedbythefollowing:
(c)isapermanentresidentwithinthemeaningofsubsection2(1)oftheImmigrationandRefugee
ProtectionAct,has,subjecttotheregulations,nounfulfilledconditionsunderthatActrelatingtohis
orherstatusasapermanentresidentandhas,sincebecomingapermanentresident,
(i)beenphysicallypresentinCanadaforatleast1,460daysduringthesixyearsimmediately
beforethedateofhisorherapplication,
(ii)beenphysicallypresentinCanadaforatleast183daysduringeachoffourcalendaryears
thatarefullyorpartiallywithinthesixyearsimmediatelybeforethedateofhisorher
application,and
(iii)metanyapplicablerequirementundertheIncomeTaxActtofileareturnofincomein
respectoffourtaxationyearsthatarefullyorpartiallywithinthesixyearsimmediatelybefore
thedateofhisorherapplication
(c.1)intends,ifgrantedcitizenship,
(i)tocontinuetoresideinCanada,
(ii)toenterinto,orcontinuein,employmentoutsideCanadainorwiththeCanadianArmed
Forces,thefederalpublicadministrationorthepublicserviceofaprovince,otherwisethanasa
locallyengagedperson,or
(iii)toresidewithhisorherspouseorcommonlawpartnerorparent,whoisaCanadiancitizen
orpermanentresidentandisemployedoutsideCanadainorwiththeCanadianArmedForces,the
federalpublicadministrationorthepublicserviceofaprovince,otherwisethanasalocally
engagedperson
(d)ifunder65yearsofageatthedateofhisorherapplication,hasanadequateknowledgeofone
oftheofficiallanguagesofCanada
(e)ifunder65yearsofageatthedateofhisorherapplication,demonstratesinoneoftheofficial
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languagesofCanadathatheorshehasanadequateknowledgeofCanadaandofthe
responsibilitiesandprivilegesofcitizenshipand
R.S.,c.44(3rdSupp.),s.12000,c.12,s.752003,c.22,s.149(E)
(2)Subsection5(1.1)oftheActisreplacedbythefollowing:
Periodofphysicalpresencespouseorcommonlawpartnerofcitizen
(1.01)Anydayduringwhichanapplicantforcitizenshipresidedwiththeapplicantsspouseor
commonlawpartnerwhoatthetimewasaCanadiancitizenandwasemployedoutsideCanadainor
withtheCanadianArmedForces,thefederalpublicadministrationorthepublicserviceofaprovince,
otherwisethanasalocallyengagedperson,shallbetreatedasequivalenttoonedayofphysical
presenceinCanadaforthepurposesofparagraphs(1)(c)and11(1)(d).
Periodofphysicalpresencepermanentresidents
(1.02)Anydayduringwhichanapplicantforcitizenshipwasapermanentresidentwithinthe
meaningofsubsection2(1)oftheImmigrationandRefugeeProtectionActandwasemployedoutside
CanadainorwiththeCanadianArmedForces,thefederalpublicadministrationorthepublicserviceof
aprovince,otherwisethanasalocallyengagedperson,shallbetreatedasequivalenttoonedayof
physicalpresenceinCanadaforthepurposesofparagraphs(1)(c)and11(1)(d).
Periodofphysicalpresenceresidingwithpermanentresidents
(1.03)Anydayduringwhichanapplicantforcitizenshipwasthespouseorcommonlawpartner,or
child,ofapermanentresidentreferredtoinsubsection(1.02)andresidedwiththatpermanentresident
shallbetreatedasequivalenttoonedayofphysicalpresenceinCanadaforthepurposesof
paragraphs(1)(c)and11(1)(d).
Intention
(1.1)Forthepurposesofparagraphs(1)(c.1)and11(1)(e),thepersonsintentionmustbe
continuousfromthedateofhisorherapplicationuntiltheyhavetakentheoathofcitizenship.
2014,c.22,ss.3(4)to(6)
3.(4)Subsections5(1.2)and(1.3)oftheActarereplacedbythefollowing:
(1.2)Paragraph(1)(c)doesnotapplytoapermanentresidentwithinthemeaningofsubsection2(1)
oftheImmigrationandRefugeeProtectionActwhohas,subjecttotheregulations,nounfulfilled
conditionsunderthatActrelatingtohisorherstatusasapermanentresidentandwho
(a)duringthesixyearsimmediatelybeforethedateofhisorherapplication,completedthreeyears
ofserviceintheCanadianArmedForcesand
(b)hasmetanyapplicablerequirementundertheIncomeTaxActtofileareturnofincomein
respectofthreetaxationyearsthatarefullyorpartiallywithinthesixyearsimmediatelybeforethe
dateofhisorherapplication.
However,paragraph(1)(c)doesapplytothepermanentresidentifheorshewasreleasedotherthan
honourablyfromtheCanadianArmedForces.
(1.3)Paragraph(1)(c)doesnotapplytoapersonwhoisorwasattachedorsecondedtothe
CanadianArmedForcesandwho,withinthesixyearsimmediatelybeforethedateofhisorher
application,completedthreeyearsofservicewiththeCanadianArmedForces.
2008,c.14,s.4(1)
(5)Subsection5(2)oftheActisreplacedbythefollowing:
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Grantofcitizenship
(2)TheMinistershallgrantcitizenshiptoanypersonwhoisapermanentresidentwithinthe
meaningofsubsection2(1)oftheImmigrationandRefugeeProtectionActandistheminorchildofa
citizen,if
(a)anapplicationforcitizenshipismadetotheMinisterbyapersonauthorizedbyregulationto
maketheapplicationonbehalfoftheminorchild
(b)thepersonhas,subjecttotheregulations,nounfulfilledconditionsunderthatActrelatingtohis
orherstatusasapermanentresident
(c)inthecaseofapersonwhois14yearsofageoroveratthedateoftheapplication,heorshe
hasanadequateknowledgeofoneoftheofficiallanguagesofCanadaand
(d)inthecaseofapersonwhois14yearsofageoroveratthedateoftheapplication,heorshe
demonstratesinoneoftheofficiallanguagesofCanadathatheorshehasanadequateknowledge
ofCanadaandoftheresponsibilitiesandprivilegesofcitizenship.
1992,c.21,s.7
(6)Theportionofsubsection5(3)oftheActbeforeparagraph(c)isreplacedbythe
following:
WaiverbyMinisteroncompassionategrounds
(3)TheMinistermay,inhisorherdiscretion,afterhavingreviewedapersonsparticular
circumstances,waiveoncompassionategrounds,
(a)inthecaseofanyperson,therequirementsofparagraph(1)(d)or(e)or(2)(c)or(d)
(b)inthecaseofaminor,
(i)therequirementrespectingagesetoutinparagraph(1)(b),
(ii)therequirementrespectinglengthofphysicalpresenceinCanadasetoutinparagraph(1)(c),
(iii)therequirementrespectingintentsetoutinparagraph(1)(c.1),or
(iv)therequirementrespectingthetakingoftheoathofcitizenship
(b.1)inthecaseofanypersonwhoisincapableofformingtheintentreferredtoinparagraph(1)
(c.1)or11(1)(e)becauseofamentaldisability,therequirementrespectingthatintentand
2014,c.22,s.3(8)
2008,c.14,s.4(2)
3.(8)Paragraph5(5)(d)oftheActisreplacedbythefollowing:
(d)hasbeenphysicallypresentinCanadaforatleast1,095daysduringthefouryearsimmediately
beforethedateofhisorherapplication
2014,c.22,ss.4(2),(3)
4.(2)Theportionofsubsection5.1(1)oftheActbeforeparagraph(a)isreplacedbythe
following:
Adopteesminors
5.1(1)Subjecttosubsections(3)and(4),theMinistershall,onapplication,grantcitizenshiptoa
personwho,whileaminorchild,wasadoptedbyacitizenonorafterJanuary1,1947,wasadopted
beforethatdaybyapersonwhobecameacitizenonthatday,orwasadoptedbeforeApril1,1949by
apersonwhobecameacitizenonthatlaterdayfurthertotheunionofNewfoundlandandLabrador
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withCanada,iftheadoption
(3)Subsection5.1(1)oftheActisamendedbystrikingoutandattheendofparagraph
(c)andbyaddingthefollowingafterparagraph(c):
(c.1)didnotoccurinamannerthatcircumventedthelegalrequirementsforinternationaladoptions
and
2014,c.22,ss.4(5),(6)
following:
Adopteesadults
(2)Subjecttosubsections(3)and(4),theMinistershall,onapplication,grantcitizenshiptoa
personwho,whileatleast18yearsofage,wasadoptedbyacitizenonorafterJanuary1,1947,was
adoptedbeforethatdaybyapersonwhobecameacitizenonthatday,orwasadoptedbeforeApril1,
1949byapersonwhobecameacitizenonthatlaterdayfurthertotheunionofNewfoundlandand
LabradorwithCanada,if
2007,c.24,s.2
(6)Paragraph5.1(2)(b)oftheActisreplacedbythefollowing:
(b)theadoptionmeetstherequirementssetoutinparagraphs(1)(c)to(d).
2014,c.22,s.4(8)
following:
Quebecadoptions
(3)Subjecttosubsection(4),theMinistershall,onapplication,grantcitizenshiptoapersonin
respectofwhoseadoption,byacitizenwhoissubjecttoQuebeclawgoverningadoptions,adecision
wasmadeabroadonorafterJanuary1,1947ortoapersoninrespectofwhoseadoption,bya
personwhobecameacitizenonthatdayandwhoissubjecttoQuebeclawgoverningadoptions,a
decisionwasmadeabroadbeforethatdayif
2014,c.22,ss.4(10),(11)
4.(10)Paragraph5.1(4)(a)oftheActisreplacedbythefollowing:
(a)if,atthetimeofhisorheradoption,onlyoneoftheadoptiveparentswasacitizenandthat
parentwasacitizenunderparagraph3(1)(b),(c.1),(e),(g),(h),(o),(p),(q)or(r),orbothofthe
adoptiveparentswerecitizensunderanyofthoseparagraphs
(a.1)ifthepersonwasadoptedbeforeJanuary1,1947and,onthatday,onlyoneoftheadoptive
parentswasacitizenandthatparentwasacitizenunderparagraph3(1)(o)or(q),orbothofthe
adoptiveparentswerecitizensundereitherofthoseparagraphs
(a.2)ifthepersonwasadoptedbeforeApril1,1949and,onthatday,onlyoneoftheadoptive
parentswasacitizenandthatparentwasacitizenunderparagraph3(1)(p)or(r),orbothofthe
adoptiveparentswerecitizensundereitherofthoseparagraphsor
(11)Section5.1oftheActisamendedbyaddingthefollowingaftersubsection(5):
ExceptionCanadaandNewfoundlandandLabrador
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(6)Paragraphs5.1(4)(a)and(a.1)donotapplytoapersonwhoisadoptedbeforeApril1,1949if
(a)onlyoneadoptiveparentwasacitizenatthetimeoftheadoption,inthecaseofparagraph(a),
orwasacitizenonJanuary1,1947,inthecaseofparagraph(a.1)and
(b)theotheradoptiveparentbecameacitizenonApril1,1949furthertotheunionofNewfoundland
andLabradorwithCanada,otherthanunderparagraph3(1)(p)or(r).
2014,c.22,s.6
2008,c.14,s.5
6.Section7oftheActisreplacedbythefollowing:
Nolossexceptasprovided
7.ApersonwhoisacitizenshallnotceasetobeacitizenexceptinaccordancewiththisPartor
regulationsmadeunderparagraph27(1)(j.1).
2014,c.22,ss.7(1),(2)
7.(1)Theportionofsubsection9(1)oftheActbeforeparagraph(a)isreplacedbythe
following:
Renunciationofcitizenship
9.(1)Subjecttosubsection(2.1),acitizenmay,onapplication,renouncehiscitizenshipifhe
Exception
(2.1)NoapplicationforrenunciationmaybemadeiftheMinisterhasprovidedtheapplicantwitha
noticereferredtoinsubsection10(3)orhascommencedanactionundersubsection10.1(1)or(2)fora
declarationinrespectoftheapplicantuntiltheMinisterprovidestheapplicantwithhisorherdecision
undersubsection10(5)orafinaljudgmenthasbeenrenderedinthataction,asthecasemaybe.
Processingofapplicationsuspended
(2.2)IfanapplicationforrenunciationismadeandtheMinistersubsequentlyprovidestheapplicant
withanoticereferredtoinsubsection10(3)orcommencesanactionundersubsection10.1(1)or(2)
foradeclarationinrespectoftheapplicant,theprocessingofthatapplicationissuspendeduntilthe
Ministerprovidestheapplicantwithhisorherdecisionundersubsection10(5)orafinaljudgmenthas
beenrenderedinthataction,asthecasemaybe.
2014,c.22,s.8
RevocationbyMinisterfraud,falserepresentation,etc.
10.(1)Subjecttosubsection10.1(1),theMinistermayrevokeapersonscitizenshiporrenunciation
ofcitizenshipiftheMinisterissatisfiedonabalanceofprobabilitiesthatthepersonhasobtained,
retained,renouncedorresumedhisorhercitizenshipbyfalserepresentationorfraudorbyknowingly
concealingmaterialcircumstances.
RevocationbyMinisterconvictionsrelatingtonationalsecurity
(2)TheMinistermayrevokeapersonscitizenshipiftheperson,beforeorafterthecominginto
forceofthissubsectionandwhilethepersonwasacitizen,
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(a)wasconvictedundersection47oftheCriminalCodeoftreasonandsentencedtoimprisonment
forlifeorwasconvictedofhightreasonunderthatsection
(b)wasconvictedofaterrorismoffenceasdefinedinsection2oftheCriminalCodeoran
offenceoutsideCanadathat,ifcommittedinCanada,wouldconstituteaterrorismoffenceas
definedinthatsectionandsentencedtoatleastfiveyearsofimprisonment
(c)wasconvictedofanoffenceunderanyofsections73to76oftheNationalDefenceActand
sentencedtoimprisonmentforlifebecausethepersonactedtraitorously
(d)wasconvictedofanoffenceundersection78oftheNationalDefenceActandsentencedto
imprisonmentforlife
(e)wasconvictedofanoffenceundersection130oftheNationalDefenceActinrespectofanact
oromissionthatispunishableundersection47oftheCriminalCodeandsentencedtoimprisonment
forlife
(f)wasconvictedundertheNationalDefenceActofaterrorismoffenceasdefinedinsubsection
2(1)ofthatActandsentencedtoatleastfiveyearsofimprisonment
(g)wasconvictedofanoffencedescribedinsection16or17oftheSecurityofInformationActand
sentencedtoimprisonmentforlifeor
(h)wasconvictedofanoffenceundersection130oftheNationalDefenceActinrespectofanact
oromissionthatispunishableundersection16or17oftheSecurityofInformationActand
sentencedtoimprisonmentforlife.
Notice
(3)Beforerevokingapersonscitizenshiporrenunciationofcitizenship,theMinistershallprovide
thepersonwithawrittennoticethatspecifies
(a)thepersonsrighttomakewrittenrepresentations
(b)theperiodwithinwhichthepersonmaymakehisorherrepresentationsandtheformand
mannerinwhichtheymustbemadeand
(c)thegroundsonwhichtheMinisterisrelyingtomakehisorherdecision.
Hearing
(4)AhearingmaybeheldiftheMinister,onthebasisofprescribedfactors,isoftheopinionthata
hearingisrequired.
Noticeofdecision
(5)TheMinistershallprovidehisorherdecisiontothepersoninwriting.
RevocationforfrauddeclarationofCourt
10.1(1)IftheMinisterhasreasonablegroundstobelievethatapersonobtained,retained,
renouncedorresumedhisorhercitizenshipbyfalserepresentationorfraudorbyknowinglyconcealing
materialcircumstances,withrespecttoafactdescribedinsection34,35or37oftheImmigrationand
RefugeeProtectionActotherthanafactthatisalsodescribedinparagraph36(1)(a)or(b)or(2)(a)or
(b)ofthatAct,thepersonscitizenshiporrenunciationofcitizenshipmayberevokedonlyifthe
Ministerseeksadeclaration,inanactionthattheMinistercommences,thatthepersonhasobtained,
concealingmaterialcircumstancesandtheCourtmakessuchadeclaration.
RevocationforengaginginarmedconflictwithCanadadeclarationofCourt
(2)IftheMinisterhasreasonablegroundstobelievethataperson,beforeorafterthecominginto
forceofthissubsectionandwhilethepersonwasacitizen,servedasamemberofanarmedforceofa
countryorasamemberofanorganizedarmedgroupandthatcountryorgroupwasengagedinan
armedconflictwithCanada,thepersonscitizenshipmayberevokedonlyiftheMinisteraftergiving
noticetothepersonseeksadeclaration,inanactionthattheMinistercommences,thattheperson
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soserved,beforeorafterthecomingintoforceofthissubsectionandwhiletheywereacitizen,and
theCourtmakessuchadeclaration.
Effectofdeclaration
(3)Eachofthefollowinghastheeffectofrevokingapersonscitizenshiporrenunciationof
citizenship:
(a)adeclarationmadeundersubsection(1)
(b)adeclarationmadeundersubsection(2).
Proof
(4)Forthepurposesofsubsection(1),theMinisterneedproveonlythatthepersonhasobtained,
concealingmaterialcircumstances.
Presumption
10.2Forthepurposesofsubsections10(1)and10.1(1),apersonhasobtainedorresumedhisorher
citizenshipbyfalserepresentationorfraudorbyknowinglyconcealingmaterialcircumstancesifthe
personbecameapermanentresident,withinthemeaningofsubsection2(1)oftheImmigrationand
RefugeeProtectionAct,byfalserepresentationorfraudorbyknowinglyconcealingmaterial
circumstancesand,becauseofhavingacquiredthatstatus,thepersonsubsequentlyobtainedor
resumedcitizenship.
Effectofrevocation
10.3Apersonwhosecitizenshipisrevokedundersubsection10(2)orparagraph10.1(3)(b)becomes
aforeignnationalwithinthemeaningofsubsection2(1)oftheImmigrationandRefugeeProtectionAct.
Restriction
10.4(1)Subsections10(2)and10.1(2)donotoperatesoastoauthorizeanydecision,actionor
declarationthatconflictswithanyinternationalhumanrightsinstrumentregardingstatelessnessto
whichCanadaissignatory.
Burdenofproof
(2)Ifaninstrumentreferredtoinsubsection(1)prohibitsthedeprivationofcitizenshipthatwould
renderapersonstateless,apersonwhoclaimsthatsubsection10(2)or10.1(2)wouldoperateinthe
mannerdescribedinsubsection(1)mustprove,onabalanceofprobabilities,thatthepersonisnota
citizenofanycountryofwhichtheMinisterhasreasonablegroundstobelievethepersonisacitizen.
Inadmissibility
10.5(1)OntherequestoftheMinisterofPublicSafetyandEmergencyPreparedness,theMinister
shall,intheoriginatingdocumentthatcommencesanactionundersubsection10.1(1),seeka
declarationthatthepersonwhoisthesubjectoftheactionisinadmissibleonsecuritygrounds,on
groundsofviolatinghumanorinternationalrightsorongroundsoforganizedcriminalityunder,
respectively,subsection34(1),paragraph35(1)(a)or(b)orsubsection37(1)oftheImmigrationand
RefugeeProtectionAct.
Party
(2)Whenadeclarationissoughtundersubsection(1),theMinisterofPublicSafetyandEmergency
Preparednessbecomesapartytotheactioncommencedundersubsection10.1(1).
Removalorder
(3)Adeclarationthatthepersonisinadmissibleononeofthegroundsreferredtoinsubsection(1)
isaremovalorderagainstthepersonundertheImmigrationandRefugeeProtectionActthatcomes
intoforcewhenitismade,withoutthenecessityofholdingorcontinuinganexaminationoran
admissibilityhearingunderthatAct.Theremovalorderisadeportationorderasprovidedforin
regulationsmadeunderthatAct.
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Procedure
(4)Ifadeclarationissoughtundersubsection(1),theCourtshallfirsthearanddecideallmatters
relatedtothedeclarationsoughtundersubsection10.1(1).IftheCourtdeniesthedeclarationsought
undersubsection10.1(1),itshallalsodenythedeclarationsoughtundersubsection(1).
Evidence
(5)Ifadeclarationsoughtundersubsection(1)isnotdeniedundersubsection(4),theCourt
(a)shallassessthefactswhetheractsoromissionsallegedinsupportofthedeclarationon
thebasisofreasonablegroundstobelievethattheyhaveoccurred,areoccurringormayoccur
(b)shalltakeintoaccounttheevidencealreadyadmittedbyitandconsiderasconclusiveany
findingoffactalreadymadebyitinsupportofthedeclarationsoughtundersubsection10.1(1)and
(c)withrespecttoanyadditionalevidence,isnotboundbyanylegalortechnicalrulesofevidence
andmayreceiveandbaseitsdecisiononanyevidenceadducedintheproceedingsthatitconsiders
credibleortrustworthyinthecircumstances.
Singlejudgment
(6)TheCourtshallissueasinglejudgmentinrespectofthedeclarationssoughtundersubsections
(1)and10.1(1).
Noappealfrominterlocutoryjudgment
10.6Despiteparagraph27(1)(c)oftheFederalCourtsAct,noappealmaybemadefroman
interlocutoryjudgmentmadewithrespecttoadeclarationreferredtoinsubsection10.1(1)or(2)or
10.5(1).
Noappealunlessquestionstated
10.7AnappealtotheFederalCourtofAppealmaybemadefromajudgmentundersection10.1or
10.5onlyif,inrenderingjudgment,thejudgecertifiesthataseriousquestionofgeneralimportanceis
involvedandstatesthequestion.
2014,c.22,ss.9(1),(2)
9.(1)Paragraph11(1)(b)oftheActisreplacedbythefollowing:
(b)isnotthesubjectofanordermadeundersection10,asitreadimmediatelybeforethecoming
intoforceofsection8oftheStrengtheningCanadianCitizenshipAct,adecisionmadeundersection
10,adeclarationmadeundersection10.1oranordermadeundersection18oftheformerAct
(b.1)isnotthesubjectofadeclarationmadeundersection20
2001,c.27,s.229
(2)Subsection11(1)oftheActisamendedbystrikingoutandattheendofparagraph(c)
andbyreplacingparagraph(d)withthefollowing:
(d)hasbecomeapermanentresidentwithinthemeaningofsubsection2(1)oftheImmigrationand
RefugeeProtectionAct,has,subjecttotheregulations,nounfulfilledconditionsunderthatAct
relatingtohisorherstatusasapermanentresidentandhas,sincehavingceasedtobeacitizen
andbecomeapermanentresident,
(i)beenphysicallypresentinCanadaforatleast365daysduringthetwoyearsimmediately
beforethedateoftheapplication,and
(ii)metanyapplicablerequirementundertheIncomeTaxActtofileareturnofincomeinrespect
ofthetaxationyearimmediatelybeforetheyearinwhichtheapplicationismadeand
(e)intends,ifgrantedcitizenship,
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(i)tocontinuetoresideinCanada,
(ii)toenterinto,orcontinuein,employmentoutsideCanadainorwiththeCanadianArmed
Forces,thefederalpublicadministrationorthepublicserviceofaprovince,otherwisethanasa
locallyengagedperson,or
(iii)toresidewithhisorherspouseorcommonlawpartnerorparent,whoisaCanadiancitizen
orpermanentresidentandisemployedoutsideCanadainorwiththeCanadianArmedForces,the
federalpublicadministrationorthepublicserviceofaprovince,otherwisethanasalocally
engagedperson.
2014,c.22,s.9(4)
9.(4)Subsections11(1.1)and(1.2)oftheActarereplacedbythefollowing:
(1.1)Paragraph(1)(d)doesnotapplytoapermanentresidentwithinthemeaningofsubsection2(1)
oftheImmigrationandRefugeeProtectionActwhohas,subjecttotheregulations,nounfulfilled
conditionsunderthatActrelatingtohisorherstatusasapermanentresidentandwho
(a)duringthetwoyearsimmediatelybeforethedateoftheapplication,completedsixmonthsof
serviceintheCanadianArmedForcesand
(b)hasmetanyapplicablerequirementundertheIncomeTaxActtofileareturnofincomein
respectofthetaxationyearimmediatelybeforetheyearinwhichtheapplicationismade.
However,paragraph(1)(d)doesapplytothepermanentresidentifheorshewasreleasedotherthan
honourablyfromtheCanadianArmedForces.
(1.2)Paragraph(1)(d)doesnotapplytoapersonwhoisorwasattachedorsecondedtothe
CanadianArmedForcesandwho,duringthetwoyearsimmediatelybeforethedateoftheapplication,
completedsixmonthsofservicewiththeCanadianArmedForces.
2014,c.22,s.10
2008,c.14,s.13(4)
10.PartIVoftheActisreplacedbythefollowing:
PARTIV
EVIDENCEOFCITIZENSHIP
Applicationforevidenceofcitizenship
12.(1)TheMinistershallonapplicationbyapersondetermine,includingbywayofan
electronicsystem,whethertheyareacitizenand,iftheyare,
(a)subjecttoanyregulationsmadeunderparagraph27(1)(i),issueacertificateofcitizenshipto
themor
(b)subjecttoanyregulationsmadeunderparagraph27(1)(i)or(i.1),providethemwithsomeother
meanstoestablishtheircitizenship.
Providingevidenceofcitizenshiponacquisition
(2)Afterapersonacquirescitizenshipasaresultofanapplicationundersection5or5.1or
subsection11(1),theMinistershall
(a)issueacertificateofcitizenshiptothepersonor
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(b)providethepersonwithsomeothermeanstoestablishtheircitizenship.
2014,c.22,s.12(2)
12.(2)Paragraphs14(1)(a)to(c)oftheActarereplacedbythefollowing:
(a)subparagraphs5(1)(c)(i)and(ii),inthecaseofanapplicationforcitizenshipundersubsection
5(1)
(b)paragraph5(5)(d),inthecaseofanapplicationforcitizenshipundersubsection5(5)and
(c)subparagraph11(1)(d)(i),inthecaseofanapplicationforresumptionofcitizenshipunder
subsection11(1).
2014,c.22,s.14
14.Section18oftheActisrepealed.
2014,c.22,s.15
15.(1)Theportionofsubsection19(2)oftheActbeforeparagraph(a)isreplacedbythe
following:
ReporttoReviewCommittee
(2)TheMinistermaymakeareporttotheReviewCommitteeiftheMinisterisoftheopinionthata
personshouldnotbegrantedcitizenshipundersection5orsubsection11(1)oradministeredtheoath
ofcitizenshiporbeissuedacertificateofrenunciationundersection9becausetherearereasonable
groundstobelievethatthepersonhasengaged,isengagingormayengageinactivity
(2)Theportionofsubsection19(2)oftheEnglishversionoftheActafterparagraph(b)is
repealed.
2014,c.22,s.16(1)
1997,c.22,s.3
16.(1)Subsection20(1)oftheActisreplacedbythefollowing:
DeclarationbyGovernorinCouncilsecurity
20.(1)DespiteanythinginthisAct,apersonshallnotbegrantedcitizenshipundersection5or
subsection11(1)oradministeredtheoathofcitizenshiporbeissuedacertificateofrenunciationunder
section9if,afterconsideringthereportmadeundersubsection19(6)bytheReviewCommitteeorthe
personappointedundersubsection19.1(1),theGovernorinCouncildeclaresthattherearereasonable
groundstobelievethatthepersonwithrespecttowhomthereportwasmadehasengaged,isengaging
ormayengageinanactivitydescribedinparagraph19(2)(a)or(b).
2014,c.22,s.16(3)
16.(3)Subsection20(3)oftheActisreplacedbythefollowing:
Expirationofdeclaration
(3)Adeclarationmadeundersubsection(1)ceasestohaveeffect10yearsafterthedayonwhichit
ismade.
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2014,c.22,s.17
17.Theportionofsection21oftheActbeforeparagraph(a)isreplacedbythefollowing:
Periodsnotcountedasphysicalpresence
21.DespiteanythinginthisAct,noperiodmaybecountedasaperiodofphysicalpresenceforthe
purposeofthisActduringwhichapersonhasbeen,underanyenactmentinforceinCanada,
2014,c.22,s.18
18.TheActisamendedbyaddingthefollowingaftersection21:
Representationoradviceforconsideration
21.1(1)Everypersoncommitsanoffencewhoknowingly,directlyorindirectly,representsor
advisesapersonforconsiderationorofferstodosoinconnectionwithaproceedingor
applicationunderthisAct.
Personswhomayrepresentoradvise
(2)Subsection(1)doesnotapplyto
(a)alawyerwhoisamemberingoodstandingofalawsocietyofaprovinceoranotarywhoisa
memberingoodstandingoftheChambredesnotairesduQubec
(b)anyothermemberingoodstandingofalawsocietyofaprovinceor
(c)amemberingoodstandingofabodydesignatedundersubsection(5).
Studentsatlaw
(3)Subsection(1)doesnotapplytoastudentatlawwhooffersorprovidesrepresentationor
advicetoapersonifthestudentatlawisactingunderthesupervisionofapersondescribedin
paragraph(2)(a)whoisrepresentingoradvisingthepersonorofferingtodosoinconnection
withaproceedingorapplicationunderthisAct.
AgreementorarrangementwithHerMajesty
(4)Subsection(1)doesnotapplytoanentity,includingapersonactingonitsbehalf,thatoffersor
providesservicestoassistpersonsinconnectionwithanapplicationunderthisActifitisactingin
accordancewithanagreementorarrangementbetweenthatentityandHerMajestyinrightofCanada
thatauthorizesittoprovidethoseservices.
DesignationbyMinister
(5)TheMinistermay,byregulation,designateabodywhosemembersingoodstandingmay
representoradviseapersonforconsiderationoroffertodosoinconnectionwithaproceeding
orapplicationunderthisAct.
Regulationsrequiredinformation
(6)TheGovernorinCouncilmaymakeregulationsrequiringthedesignatedbodytoprovidethe
Ministerwithanyinformationsetoutintheregulations,includinginformationrelatingtoitsgovernance
andinformationtoassisttheMinistertoevaluatewhetherthedesignatedbodygovernsitsmembersin
amannerthatisinthepublicinterestsothattheyprovideprofessionalandethicalrepresentationand
advice.
Regulationstransitionalmeasures
(7)TheMinistermay,byregulation,provideformeasuresrespectinganytransitionalissuesraised
bytheexerciseofhisorherpowerundersubsection(5),includingmeasures
(a)makinganypersonormemberofaclassofpersonsamemberforaspecifiedperiodofabody
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thatisdesignatedunderthatsubsectionand
(b)providingthatmembersorclassesofmembersofabodythathasceasedtobeadesignated
bodyunderthatsubsectioncontinueforaspecifiedperiodtobeauthorizedtorepresentoradvisea
personforconsiderationoroffertodosoinconnectionwithaproceedingorapplicationunder
thisActwithoutcontraveningsubsection(1).
Personsmademembersofbody
(8)Forgreatercertainty,nothinginthemeasuresdescribedinparagraph(7)(a)exemptsaperson
madeamemberofabodyunderthemeasuresfromthebodysdisciplinaryrulesconcerningsuspension
orrevocationofmembershipforprovidingorofferingtoproviderepresentationoradvicethatis
notprofessionalorisnotethical.
Meaningofproceeding
(9)Forgreatercertainty,inthissectionproceedingdoesnotincludeaproceedingbeforea
superiorcourt.
2014,c.22,s.19
1992,c.47,s.67(1)
19.(1)Paragraph22(1)(b)oftheActisreplacedbythefollowing:
(a.1)whilethepersonisservingasentenceoutsideCanadaforanoffencecommittedoutside
Canadathat,ifcommittedinCanada,wouldconstituteanoffenceunderanenactmentinforcein
Canada
(a.2)whilethepersonisservingasentenceoutsideCanadaforanoffenceunderanyActof
Parliament
(b)whilethepersonischargedwith,ontrialfor,subjecttoorapartytoanappealrelatingtoan
offenceundersubsection21.1(1)or29.2(1)or(2),oranindictableoffenceundersubsection29(2)
or(3)oranyotherActofParliament,otherthananoffencethatisdesignatedasacontravention
undertheContraventionsAct
(b.1)subjecttosubsection(1.1),whilethepersonischargedwith,ontrialfor,subjecttooraparty
toanappealrelatingtoanoffencecommittedoutsideCanadathat,ifcommittedinCanada,would
constituteanindictableoffenceunderanyActofParliament
1992,c.49,s.124
(2)Subsection22(1)oftheActisamendedbystrikingoutorattheendofparagraph(e)
andbyreplacingparagraph(f)withthefollowing:
(e.1)ifthepersondirectlyorindirectlymisrepresentsorwithholdsmaterialcircumstancesrelatingto
arelevantmatter,whichinducesorcouldinduceanerrorintheadministrationofthisAct
(e.2)if,duringthefiveyearsimmediatelybeforethepersonsapplication,thepersonwasprohibited
frombeinggrantedcitizenshiportakingtheoathofcitizenshipunderparagraph(e.1)
(f)if,duringthe10yearsimmediatelybeforethepersonsapplication,thepersonceasedtobea
citizenunderparagraph10(1)(a),asitreadimmediatelybeforethecomingintoforceofsection8of
theStrengtheningCanadianCitizenshipAct,orundersubsection10(1)orparagraph10.1(3)(a)or
(g)ifthepersonscitizenshiphasbeenrevokedundersubsection10(2)orparagraph10.1(3)(b).
R.S.,c.30(3rdSupp.),s.11(2)(E)1992,c.47,s.67(2)2008,c.14,s.11(2)
(3)Subsection22(2)oftheActisreplacedbythefollowing:
Waiver
(1.1)TheMinistermay,inhisorherdiscretioninthecaseofanyperson,waivetheapplicationof
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paragraph(1)(b.1)oncompassionategrounds.
Prohibition
(2)DespiteanythinginthisAct,butsubjecttotheCriminalRecordsAct,apersonshallnotbe
grantedcitizenshipundersubsection5(1),(2)or(4)or11(1)ortaketheoathofcitizenshipifthe
personhasbeenconvictedofanoffenceundersubsection21.1(1)or29.2(1)or(2),oranindictable
offenceundersubsection29(2)or(3)oranyotherActofParliament,otherthananoffencethatis
designatedasacontraventionundertheContraventionsAct,
(a)duringthefouryearperiodimmediatelybeforethedateofthepersonsapplicationor
(b)duringtheperiodbeginningonthedateofthepersonsapplicationandendingonthedateon
whichthepersonwouldotherwisebegrantedcitizenshiportaketheoathofcitizenship.
ProhibitionconvictionofoffenceoutsideCanada
(3)DespiteanythinginthisAct,apersonshallnotbegrantedcitizenshipundersubsection5(1),(2)
or(4)or11(1)ortaketheoathofcitizenshipifthepersonhasbeenconvictedofanoffenceoutside
Canadathat,ifcommittedinCanada,wouldconstituteanindictableoffenceunderanyActof
Parliament,regardlessofwhetherthepersonwaspardonedorotherwisegrantedamnestyforthe
offence,andtheconvictionoccurredduring
(a)thefouryearperiodimmediatelybeforethedateofthepersonsapplicationor
(b)theperiodbeginningonthedateofthepersonsapplicationandendingonthedatethatheor
shewouldotherwisebegrantedcitizenshiportaketheoathofcitizenship.
Prohibitionspecificcases
(4)DespiteanythinginthisAct,apersonshallnotbegrantedcitizenshipundersubsection5(1),(2)
or(4)or11(1)ortaketheoathofcitizenshipiftheperson,beforeorafterthecomingintoforceofthis
subsectionandwhilethepersonwasapermanentresidentwithinthemeaningofsubsection2(1)ofthe
ImmigrationandRefugeeProtectionAct,
(a)wasconvictedundersection47oftheCriminalCodeoftreasonandsentencedtoimprisonment
forlifeorwasconvictedofhightreasonunderthatsection
(b)wasconvictedofaterrorismoffenceasdefinedinsection2oftheCriminalCodeoran
offenceoutsideCanadathat,ifcommittedinCanada,wouldconstituteaterrorismoffenceas
definedinthatsectionandsentencedtoatleastfiveyearsofimprisonment
(c)wasconvictedofanoffenceunderanyofsections73to76oftheNationalDefenceActand
sentencedtoimprisonmentforlifebecausethepersonactedtraitorously
(d)wasconvictedofanoffenceundersection78oftheNationalDefenceActandsentencedto
imprisonmentforlife
(e)wasconvictedofanoffenceundersection130oftheNationalDefenceActinrespectofanact
oromissionthatispunishableundersection47oftheCriminalCodeandsentencedtoimprisonment
forlife
(f)wasconvictedundertheNationalDefenceActofaterrorismoffenceasdefinedinsubsection
2(1)ofthatActandsentencedtoatleastfiveyearsofimprisonment
(g)wasconvictedofanoffencedescribedinsection16or17oftheSecurityofInformationActand
sentencedtoimprisonmentforlife
(h)wasconvictedofanoffenceundersection130oftheNationalDefenceActinrespectofanact
oromissionthatispunishableundersection16or17oftheSecurityofInformationActand
sentencedtoimprisonmentforlifeor
(i)servedasamemberofanarmedforceofacountryorasamemberofanorganizedarmedgroup
andthatcountryorgroupwasengagedinanarmedconflictwithCanada.
Exceptionalcircumstances
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(5)IftheMinisterconsidersthatexceptionalcircumstanceswarrantit,heorshemaydecidethat
subsection(4)doesnotapplyinrespectofaperson.
Prohibitiontakingoath
(6)DespiteanythinginthisAct,apersonshallnottaketheoathofcitizenshipiftheynevermetor
theynolongermeettherequirementsofthisActforthegrantofcitizenship.
2014,c.22,s.21
Delegationofauthority
23.AnythingthatisrequiredtobedoneorthatmaybedonebytheMinisterortheMinisterofPublic
SafetyandEmergencyPreparednessunderthisActortheregulationsmaybedoneonthatMinisters
behalfbyanypersonauthorizedbythatMinisterinwritingtoactonthatMinistersbehalfwithoutproof
oftheauthenticityoftheauthorization.
2014,c.22,s.23
23.Subsection25(2)oftheActisreplacedbythefollowing:
Proofofcertificatesorotherdocuments
(2)Acertificateofcitizenship,adocumentprovidedunderparagraph12(1)(b)or(2)(b),acertificate
ofnaturalizationoracertificateofrenunciationmaybeprovedinanylegalproceedingbythe
productionoftheoriginalcertificateordocumentorofadocumentthatiscertifiedbytheMinisteras
bearingthesameinformation.
2014,c.22,s.24(1)
2008,c.14,s.12(1)
24.(1)Paragraph27(a)oftheActisrepealed.
2014,c.22,ss.24(3)to(6)
24.(3)Section27oftheActisamendedbyaddingthefollowingafterparagraph(c):
(c.1)providingforthecircumstancesinwhichanunfulfilledconditionreferredtoinparagraph5(1)
(c),(2)(b)or11(1)(d)neednotbefulfilled
(4)Subparagraph27(d)(ii)oftheActisreplacedbythefollowing:
(ii)hasanadequateknowledgeofCanadaandoftheresponsibilitiesandprivilegesof
citizenship,asdemonstratedinoneoftheofficiallanguagesofCanada
2008,c.14,s.12(5)
(5)Paragraphs27(i)to(k)oftheActarereplacedbythefollowing:
(i)providingforthenumberofcopiesofanydeclaration,certificate,orotherdocumentmade,
issuedorprovidedunderthisActorpriorlegislationthatanypersonisentitledtohave
(i.1)respectingtheprovisionunderparagraph12(1)(b)or(2)(b)ofameansofestablishing
citizenshipotherthanacertificateofcitizenship
(j)providingforthesurrenderandretentionofcertificatesofcitizenship,certificatesof
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naturalizationandcertificatesofrenunciationissuedorgrantedunderthisActorpriorlegislationand
ofdocumentsprovidedunderparagraph12(1)(b)or(2)(b)ifthereisreasontobelievethattheir
holdermaynotbeentitledtothemorhascontravenedanyoftheprovisionsofthisAct
(j.1)providingfortherenunciationofcitizenshipbypersons
(i)whoarecitizensunderparagraph3(1)(f)or(g),
(ii)whoarecitizensunderanyofparagraphs3(1)(k)to(r)andwhodidnot,beforethecoming
intoforceofthissubparagraph,becomecitizensbywayofgrantasdefinedinsubsection3(9),or
(iii)whoarecitizensunderparagraph3(1)(b)forthesolereasonthatoneorbothparentsare
personsreferredtoinanyofparagraphs3(1)(k)to(n)andwhodidnot,beforethecominginto
forceofthissubparagraph,becomecitizensbywayofgrantasdefinedinsubsection3(9)
(j.2)prescribingthefactorsthattheMinistershallconsiderinforminganopinionastowhethera
hearingisrequiredundersubsection10(4)
(k)providingforthesurrenderandcancellationofcertificatesanddocumentsreferredtoin
paragraph(j)iftheirholderisnotentitledtothem
(k.1)providingforthecollection,retention,use,disclosureanddisposalofinformationforthe
purposesofthisAct
(k.2)providingforthedisclosureofinformationforthepurposesofnationalsecurity,thedefenceof
Canadaortheconductofinternationalaffairs,includingtheimplementationofanagreementor
arrangemententeredintoundersection5oftheDepartmentofCitizenshipandImmigrationAct
(k.3)providingforthedisclosureofinformationtoverifythecitizenshipstatusoridentityofany
personforthepurposesofadministeringanyfederalorprovinciallaworlawofanothercountry
(k.4)providingforthedisclosureofinformationforthepurposesofcooperationwithinthe
GovernmentofCanadaandbetweentheGovernmentofCanadaandthegovernmentofaprovince
(k.5)respectingthedisclosureofinformationrelatingtotheprofessionalorethicalconductofa
personreferredtoinanyofparagraphs21.1(2)(a)to(c)inconnectionwithaproceedingother
thanaproceedingbeforeasuperiorcourtorapplicationunderthisActtoabodythatis
responsibleforgoverningorinvestigatingthatconductortoapersonwhoisresponsiblefor
investigatingthatconduct,forthepurposesofensuringthatpersonsreferredtointhoseparagraphs
offerandprovideprofessionalandethicalrepresentationandadvicetopersonsinconnectionwith
suchproceedingsandapplicationsand
(6)Section27oftheActisrenumberedassubsection27(1)andisamendedbyaddingthe
following:
Conditions
(2)Regulationsmadeunderparagraphs(1)(k.1)to(k.5)mayincludeconditionsunderwhichthe
collection,retention,use,disposalanddisclosuremaybemade.
2014,c.22,s.25
2007,c.24,s.3.1
25.Subsection27.1(1)oftheActisreplacedbythefollowing:
Layingofproposedregulations
27.1(1)TheMinistershallcauseacopyofeachregulationproposedtobemadeunderparagraph
27(1)(d.1)tobelaidbeforeeachHouseofParliament,andeachHouseshallrefertheproposed
regulationtotheappropriateCommitteeofthatHouse.
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2014,c.22,s.26
26.TheActisamendedbyaddingthefollowingaftersection27.1:
RegulationsMinister
27.2TheMinistermaymakeregulations
(a)prescribingthemannerinwhichandtheplaceatwhichapplicationsaretobemadeandnotices
aretobegivenunderthisActandspecifyingtheinformationandevidencethatistobeprovidedin
supportofthem
(b)respectingtheacceptanceforprocessingofapplicationsmadeunderthisActbyapersonwho
hasbeenrepresentedoradvisedbyathirdpartyforconsideration
(c)withregardtotherequirementsofparagraphs5(1)(d)and(e)and5(2)(c)and(d),
(i)respectingtheprocedurestobefollowedorevaluationmethodsortoolstobeusedin
determiningwhetheranapplicantmeetsthoserequirementsoranyofthecriteriaprovidedfor
underparagraph27(1)(d),
(ii)respectingtheorganizationsorinstitutionsthatmayconductassessmentsrelatedtothose
requirementsorcriteria,and
(iii)respectingwhatconstitutesevidencethatanapplicantmeetsthoserequirementsorcriteria
and
(d)requiringanapplicantwhoseeksawaiverbytheMinisterundersubsection5(3)or9(2)to
requestthewaiver,specifyingthetimeandmannerformakingtherequestandrespectingthe
justificationorevidencetobeprovidedinsupport.
2014,c.22,s.28
28.Subsections29(1)to(3)oftheActarereplacedbythefollowing:
Definitionofdocumentofcitizenship
29.(1)Forthepurposesofthissection,documentofcitizenshipmeansacertificateofcitizenship,
adocumentprovidedunderparagraph12(1)(b)or(2)(b),acertificateofnaturalizationoracertificate
ofrenunciation.
Indictableoffencesandpunishment
(2)Apersonisguiltyofanindictableoffenceandliabletoimprisonmentforatermofnotmorethan
fiveyearsifthatperson
(a)obtainsorusesadocumentofcitizenshipofanotherpersontopersonatethatotherperson
(b)knowinglypermitsadocumentofcitizenshiprelatingtohimorhertobeusedbyanotherperson
topersonatehimorheror
(c)isinpossessionofadocumentofcitizenshipthatheorsheknowshasbeenunlawfullyissuedor
altered,orcounterfeited.
(3)Apersonisguiltyofanindictableoffenceandliabletoimprisonmentforatermofnotmorethan
14yearsifthatperson
(a)withoutlawfulauthorityissues,providesoraltersadocumentofcitizenship
(b)counterfeitsadocumentofcitizenship
(c)uses,actsonorcausesorattemptstocauseanypersontouseoractonadocumentof
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citizenship,knowingittohavebeenunlawfullyissued,providedoralteredortohavebeen
counterfeitedor
(d)trafficsindocumentsofcitizenshiporhassuchdocumentsinhisorherpossessionforthe
purposeoftrafficking.
2014,c.22,s.29
29.TheActisamendedbyaddingthefollowingaftersection29:
Contraventionofsubsection21.1(1)
29.1Apersonwhocommitsanoffenceundersubsection21.1(1)isliable
(a)onconvictiononindictment,toafineofnotmorethan$100,000ortoimprisonmentforaterm
ofnotmorethantwoyears,ortobothor
(b)onsummaryconviction,toafineofnotmorethan$20,000ortoimprisonmentforatermofnot
morethansixmonths,ortoboth.
Counsellingmisrepresentation
29.2(1)Everypersoncommitsanoffencewhoknowinglycounsels,induces,aidsorabetsor
attemptstocounsel,induce,aidorabetanypersontodirectlyorindirectlymisrepresentorwithhold
materialcircumstancesrelatingtoarelevantmatter,whichinducesorcouldinduceanerrorinthe
administrationofthisAct.
Misrepresentation
(2)Everypersoncommitsanoffencewhoknowingly
(a)foranyofthepurposesofthisAct,directlyorindirectly,makesanyfalserepresentation,
commitsfraudorconcealsanymaterialcircumstances
(b)communicatesdirectlyorindirectly,byanymeans,falseormisleadinginformationor
representationswiththeintenttoinduceapersontomake,ordeterapersonfrommaking,an
applicationtobecomeacitizen,toobtainacertificateofcitizenshiporanotherdocument
establishingcitizenshiportorenouncecitizenshipor
(c)refusestoansweraquestionputtohimorheratanintervieworaproceedingheldunderthis
Act.
Penalties
(3)Everypersonwhocommitsanoffenceundersubsection(1)or(2)
(a)isguiltyofanindictableoffenceandisliabletoafineofnotmorethan$100,000orto
imprisonmentforatermofnotmorethanfiveyears,ortobothor
(b)isguiltyofanoffencepunishableonsummaryconvictionandisliabletoafineofnotmorethan
$50,000ortoimprisonmentforatermofnotmorethantwoyears,ortoboth.
2014,c.22,s.30
Limitationperiod
31.AnyproceedingsinrespectofanoffenceunderthisActortheregulationsthatispunishableon
summaryconvictionmaybeinstitutedatanytimewithinbutnotlaterthan10yearsafterthetime
whentheoffencewascommitted.
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2014,c.22,s.37(2)
Orderincouncil
37.(2)Onthedayonwhichsubsection2(2)comesintoforce,thereferencetosubsection3(7)in
subsection(1)isreplacedbyareferencetothatsubsection2(2).
2014,c.22,ss.44(1),(4)
2013,c.33
44.(1)Inthissection,otherActmeanstheEconomicActionPlan2013Act,No.1.
(4)Onthefirstdayonwhichbothsection27.2oftheCitizenshipAct,asenactedbysection
171oftheotherAct,andsection27.2oftheCitizenshipAct,asenactedbysection26ofthis
Act,areinforce,section27.2oftheCitizenshipAct,asenactedbysection171oftheotherAct,
isrenumberedassection27.3andisrepositionedaccordinglyifrequired.
2014,c.22,ss.45(1),(3)
BillC425
45.(1)Subsections(2)to(4)applyifBillC425,introducedinthe1stsessionofthe41st
ParliamentandentitledAnActtoamendtheCitizenshipAct(honouringtheCanadianArmed
Forces)(inthissectionreferredtoastheotherAct),receivesroyalassent.
(3)Ifsubsection3(3)ofthisActcomesintoforcebeforetheotherAct,then,onthedayon
whichtheotherActcomesintoforce,theotherActisdeemednevertohavecomeintoforce
andisrepealed.
Datemodified: 20150507
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228 2003,c.22,s.149(E) 2008,c.14,s.4 2014,c.22,s.3.

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