Wind & Earthquake Data

Equipment No.

V-5103 A/B

Vessel Diameter

Loading Summary for Vessel*

Fx
Fy

406 mm

Wall thickness (estimate)

16.66 mm

DL

7.41

Vessel Height above pestal

3050 mm

LL

0.07

Dry Weight

(DL)

Contents Weight

(LL)

Operating Weight

(DL + LL)

755 kg

Hydrotest Water Weight (LL)

Test Weight

EQK

1.44

7 kg

2.18

762 kg

1.03

Loading Summary for Foundation**

Fx
Fy
Mz

Mz

2.88

56.84

40.60

66.38

3.32
2.94

300 kg

(DL + LL)

1055 kg

* Note loads are applied to top of pedestal

** Note overturning moment is calculated in the octagonal foundation design.

Wind Loading
In accordance with UBC 1997 and Basis of Design Doc. BOD-00-C-0001
P = CeCqqsIw

Cl 6.7

1.8 kPa

Ce =

1.13

Cq =

(Combined height,exposure and gust factor co-efficient. Site Class is Exposure type C)

1.1

(Pressure co-efficient for the structure, Table 16H)

qs =

1.23 kPa

(Refer Cl 6.7, based on wind speed of 45 m/s)

Iw =

1.15

(Importance Factor)

Therefore UDL on vessel = P x external diameter =

Base Shear =

2.1772 kN

Base Moment =

3.3202 kNm

0.7 kN/m

Earthquake Loading
In accordance with UBC 1997 and Basis of Design Doc. B6D-00-C-0001, Cl 6.8
Importance Factor Ip =

1.25 Cl 6.8

Zone Category =

2A

therefore z =
Soil Classification = Sd

0.15

Ca

0.22 Seismic Response Coefficient

Cv

0.32 Seismic Coefficient as per Table 16-R

Table 16J, SPT 15 to 50

R
o

Table 16Q

1 Reliability / Redundancy Factor , Refer 1630.1.1

=
=

2.9 Refer to Table 16-P UBC 1997- Structure type 3

2 Refer to Table 16-P UBC 1997- Structure type 3

Separate Structure into two components ;1)

Vertical Vessel

2)

Rigid Foundation

1) Vertical Vessel
Operating Weight =

7.5 kN

Height of Vessel =

3.05 m
2 / wn

Dynamic Response Period, T =

wn = natural frequency of vessel
E=

2.00E+11 N/m2

I=
mo =

0.000 m4
249.8 kg/m

L=

3.05 m

wn =3.52(EI/mL 4 )0.5

210.186 rad/sec =

Refer

33.5 hertz
> 1 Hertz, therfore not subject to dynamic wind analysis

T=

0.03 sec

T < 0.06 sec, therefore a Rigid Structure

Design Base Shear - Rigid Structures
0.7Ca Ip W

V =
Therefore

V =

1634.3 34.1 UBC

1.44 kN

Design Shear at Base - Non Rigid Structures

Therefore

Vmin =

0.56Ca Ip W

Vmax =

2.5Ca Ip W/R

Cv Ip W/RT

1634.5 Cl 34.2 UBC 1997

1630.2.1 Cl 30.5 UBC
1630.2.1 Cl 30.7 UBC

Vmin =

na

kN

Vmax =

na

kN

na

kN

Adopt V =

1.44 kN

Load Distribution due to Earthquake Loading

Fx = ( V - Ft ) wxh x / wihi

1630.5 Cl 30-15

Ft = 0 , when T < 0.7 sec

Cl 30-14

Divide Vessel into four segments

wi = w1,w2,w3,w4
hi = h1,h2,h3,h4
F1

Assume weight and contents of vessel are distributed evenly through height

h1
w1=w2=w3=w4= Operating weight divided by 4 =

1.87 kN
F2

h1=

2.66875 m

F1=

0.63 kN

h2=

1.90625 m

F2=

0.45 kN

h3=

1.14375 m

F3=

0.27 kN

h4=

0.38125 m

F4=

0.09 kN

Total

1.44 kN

h2
F3
h3
F4
h4

Calculate lever arm to resultant force, h e

1.44 x he =
he =

F1h 1 + F2h2 + F3h 3 + F4h4

2.00 m

Overturning moment at top of pedstal due to Earthquake load =

2.88 kNm

Additional Vertical Load Due to Earthquake

Ev = 0.5Ca Ip W
Ev =

1.03 kN

Total Vertical Load =

8.50 kN

2) Rigid Foundation
Trial Base size
Is base octagonal ? Y / N

B=

3.30 m

L=

3.30 m

c=

0.30 m

Assume pedestal is at ground level for simplicity

Include soil weight for w1w3

b=
Lp =

1.50 m
0.80 m

Bp =

0.80 m

2
3
h1

Lp

Bp
L
B
Assume T = 0
Therefore ,

0.7Ca Ip W

V =
V =

1634.3 34.1 UBC

56.84 kN

h1 =

1.55 m

w1.w3 =

h2 =

1.05 m

w4 =

h3 =

0.55 m

h4 =

0.15 m

76.79 kN
64.921824 kN

Fx = ( V - Ft ) wxh x / wihi

1630.5 Cl 30-15

Ft = 0, when T < 0.7 sec

Cl 30-14

F1=

26.89 kN

F2=

18.21 kN

F3=

9.54 kN

F4=

2.20 kN

Total

56.84 kN

Calculate lever arm to resultant force, h e

56.84 x he =
he =

F1h 1 + F2h2 + F3h 3 + F4h4

1.17 m

Overturning moment about front edge of base due to Earthquake load =

66.38 kNm

Additional Vertical Load Due to Earthquake

Ev = 0.5Ca Ip W
Ev =

40.60 kN

Page 1 of 4

OCTAGONAL FOOTING FOR A CIRCULAR VERTICAL VESSEL

INPUT DATA

REFLUX DRUM V-2804

Vessel Data
diameter of vessel, D =

0.406

insulation thickness, T =
vessel height above pedestal, h =
diameter of bolt circle base ring =

0.000
3.050
0.406

Pedestal / Base Data

pedestal "width", B p =
base "width", B =
concrete =
backfill =
angle of friction, =
concrete strength, fcu =

Anchorage Data
=
0.50
fbu = 2.958

m
m
m
m

(Refer to Table 3.26 BS 8110)

* All cells which require user

input are highlighted in green.

INSTRUCTIONS TO USER
0.800
3.300
24.00

m
kN/m3

16.50
33

kN/m3

35

MPa

b=
dist. from pedestal top to ground =
depth of backfill =
c=
cover =
rebar diameter =
effective depth, d =

425
1.500
0.300
1.200
0.300
60
16
0.216

MPa
m
m
m
m
mm
mm
m

Force / Load Data

horizontal force, Pw =

steel yield strength, fy =

(Please take note of units.)

* The design check results are
only summary interpretations
of the calculations below.
* Cells displaying a small red
triangle in their upper right
corner contain a comment.
To view a comment, simply
place the cursor over the cell.
* Please refer to the "NOTES"
sheet for troubleshooting help.

2.18

kN

height of Pw above pedestal, hc =

1.53

vertical nozzle load, Vn =

14.85

kN

Note :

horizontal nozzle load, Pn

12.12

kN

height of Pn above pedestal, hn =

1.73

These loads shall be the

resultant/total loads of all nozzles.

moment (nozzle) load, Mn =

16.15
41.63

kNm
kN

vertical earthquake load =

horizontal earthquake load, P e (vessel) =

1.44

kN

height of Pe (vessel) above pedestal, he =

2.00

shipping/erection weight =
test/proofing weight =
test weight (live) =
operating/working weight =
operating weight (live) =

7.41
10.36
2.94
7.48
0.07

kN
kN
kN
kN
kN

net allowable soil pressure, q a =

142.50
2.0

kPa

0.430

MPa

required overturning safety factor =

concrete shear resistance, vc =

Pe (base) =

56.84

kN

hgt above y =

1.17

vessel DL (empty)
vessel DL + LL (test)
vessel LL (test contents)
vessel DL + LL (operating)
vessel LL (operating contents)

(Table 3.8 BS 8110)

Limit State Load Factors

LC1 = DL +
LC2 = DL +
LC3 = DL +
LC4 = DL +

E/W
E/W
E/W
E/W

+ LL
+W
+ LL + W
+ EQK

Factor:
LC1
LC2
LC3

DL
1.4
1.4
1.2

E/W
1.4
1.4
1.2

LC4

1.0

1.2

LC5
LC6

1.2
1.4

1.4
1.4

>

req'd Fo/t

RESULT

OK

<

2.0
qa

OK

>

142.5
Sdmin

OK

>

2.6
req'd Fo/t
2.0

OK

LC5 = DL + E/W + LL + EQK

LC6 = DL + E/W + LL (Test)

LL
1.6

EQK

LL (Test)
Dead Load (DL)
Earth/Water (E/W)
Live Load (LL)
Wind (W), Earthquake (EQK)

1.4
1.2

1.2

1.0
1.0

1.0
1.6

NB: "LC" = Load Case

DESIGN CHECK SUMMARY

UNFACTORED STABILITY & BEARING

CONCRETE DESIGN

Fo/t

1. Overturning
LC5
2. Bearing Pressure
LC5
3. Separation

4.6
qmax
61.7
Sd
N/A

4. Sliding

FOS
3.48

Vps

<

Vc

RESULT

33.7
V1

<

92.9
Vr

OK

6. Punching Shear

0.43

OK

7. Reinforcement

0.15
MU

5. Wide Beam Shear

LC5

LC5
k

M*

0.050

OK
OK

27.1
<

0.156

Area of steel required =

Area of steel proposed =

NB: Limit separation to 20% of base.

Development length = 498.8 mm

8. Anchorage

>

82.2

450.0
1000.0

Ast min

mm2/m
mm2/m

450 mm2/m

NOTE: The figures above represent the worst case load condition.

UNFACTORED STABILITY & BEARING CALCULATIONS

Overturning moment at the pedestal (x), due to P w =
Overturning moment (M) at the base of footing (y) =

3.3
7.2

kNm
kNm

WORKING CONDITION
P
M
274.5
58.9
259.6
7.2
274.5
66.2

LC1
LC2
LC3

Using the properties of an octagon

Note :
1. P represents the unfactored
total vertical load for each load
condition (LC1-LC6).
2. Seismic loads are divided by 1.4

base area, Af =

9.0

m2

LC4

289.3

51.3

in LC4 and LC5 as per UBC 1997

pedestal area, Ap =

0.5
8.5

m2

LC5
LC6

304.2
262.5

110.3

Sec. 1612.3.1.

backfill area =

Base volume concrete =

2.7

Pedestal volume concrete =

0.8

m3
m3

base weight =
pedestal weight =
backfill weight =

65.0
19.1
168.1

kN
kN
kN

Erection weight =
Test weight =
Operating weight =

91.5
262.5
259.7

kN
kN
kN

m2

Material take off (MTO):

Weight = area * height *

Therefore:

Overturning stability
Resisting moment, MR =
Overturning moment, M =
Overturning factor, Fo/t =
Worst case =

LC1

LC2

LC3

LC4

LC5

LC6

452.9
58.9

428.3
7.2

452.9
66.2

477.4
51.3

502.0
110.3

433.2
0.0

7.7

59.2

6.8

9.3

4.6

kNm

(occurs at B/2)

kNm

4.6

Bearing pressure
Using the properties of an octagon
R=
SX =

1.79
3.93

m
m3

Soil pressures are computed as q = P / A M / SX

LC1

LC2

LC3

LC4

LC5

LC6

qmax =

45.4

30.6

47.2

45.1

61.7

29.1

kPa

qmin =

15.4

26.9

13.6

19.0

5.7

29.1

kPa

Worst case (if qmin>0)=

61.7
OR

Worst case (if qmin<0)=

0.0

LC4

LC5

LC6

(see calculations below)

Bearing pressure if qmin is negative

LC1

LC2

LC3

Eccentricity, ex =
Area (wxyz) =
xz =

m
m2
m

Area (wxyz) is equal to the area of the equivalent rectangle (w'x'y'z').

The rectangle has dimensions B' & L', as shown below.
L' =
B' =
The new qmax, is =

m
m
kPa

Page 2 of 4

Separation
LC1

LC2

LC3

LC4

LC5

LC6

Sd =

NB: "Sd" is limited to 0.8*B

0.8*B =

2.6

Worst case =

0.0

Sliding
Rmin =

259.6
3.3921
33

kN

frictional force, Ffr =

Kp =
Angle of Friction, =

Frictional Resistance
112.38

kN

v1 =

19.80

kPa

h1 =

67.16

kPa

v2 =

24.75

kPa

h2 =

83.95

kPa

Passive earth force, P T =

74.80

kN

Factor of Safety (FOS) =

3.48

CONCRETE DESIGN CALCULATIONS

P* = factored total vertical load.
M* = factored overturning moment.
LC1
LC2
LC3
LC4
LC5
LC6

LIMIT STATE
P*
M*
61.0
94.3
37.1
10.1
49.7
79.4
68.1
71.8
88.3
130.8
41.8

Eff. P**
175.1
56.7
145.1
90.8
177.9
41.8

** See BS 8110 3.7.6

Wide-beam shear
LC 2:
Effective depth, d =

0.216

The shear to be resisted is the area "pqrs" under the toe

Slope =

1.561

Therefore, qps =

5.07

kPa

(Also, qqr = qmax)

For a trapezoidal pressure diagram using the load factor specified, and a width
of 1m, the shear along the line ps is:
Wide beam shear along ps, Vps =

6.1

kN/m

Resistant shear, Vc =

92.9

kN/m

(See table below)

Similarly
LC1

LC2

LC5

LC6

qmax =

30.7

6.7

25.7

25.8

43.0

4.6

qmin =

-17.2
14.5

1.5
1.6

-14.7
12.2

-10.7
11.1

-23.5
20.1

4.6
0.0

15.7

5.1

13.0

14.4

22.2

4.6

24.0

6.1

20.0

20.8

33.7

4.8

Max Vps =

33.7

slope =
qps =
Vps =

LC3

LC4

kN/m

Punching shear
Check the perimeter shear around arc ABC (Figure 6).
This arc is often converted into an equivalent half-square with the same area.
Use an equivalent square based on a diameter of "2R + 3d"
Area of circle =
Equivalent side of a square, Ss =

1.8

1.3

Perimeter of square, Uo =

5.4

Is Calculation Required ?

YES

Calculating the two-way action shear

Worst case P* =

177.9

kN

Two-way action shear, V1 =

0.153

N/mm2

Two-way action resisting shear stress, V c =

0.430

N/mm2

Required Area of Reinforcement

For each condition, the load (P) is the area of the 'trapezium' pressure distribution.
LC1

LC2

LC5

LC6

qmax =

30.7

6.7

25.7

25.8

43.0

4.6

kPa

qmin =

-17.2
14.5

1.5
1.6

-14.7
12.2

-10.7
11.1

-23.5
20.1

4.6
0.0

kPa

12.6
27.1
0.7
19.3

4.7
7.1
0.7
4.7

10.4
22.6
0.7
16.1

12.0
23.6
0.7
16.6

17.9
38.1
0.7
27.1

4.6
5.8
0.6
3.6

kPa
kN
m
kNm / m

27.1

kNm/m

slope =
qB/2 =
load, P =
eccentricity =
M* =

The worst case M* is:

K=
Ductility Check: K

LC3

0.0166

K' = 0.156

LC4

(Cl 3.4.4.4. BS 8110)

No compression reinforcement required.

Lever arm, Z =

205

mm

N. A. depth, x =

24.0

mm

AST =

325.8

mm2/m

Ast min

L=

498.8

mm

(Cl 3.12.8.4 BS 8110)

Development length =

498.8

mm

450 mm2/m

Anchorage

Minimum Areas of Steel for Concrete Pedestals

Axial load =
Moment =
Width of Pedestal =

14.9 kN
16.2 kNm
0.800 m

Refer to Foundation Analysis and Design 5th Edition - J E Bowle.

Pages 493 and example page 500
Octagonal Pedestal
As = 1/fs (4M/NbDb - W/Nb)

(a)

As = Area of Rebar or Anchor Bolt

fs = Allowable Stress in Bolt or Rebars

M = Overturning Moment
Nb = Number of Bolts or Rebars.
Db = Diameter of Rebar or Anchor Bolt Circle
W = Weight of Pedestal + Vessel.

0.95*fy =
404 N/mm2
= 16150000 Nmm
=
=

648 mm
14,850 N

Re-arranging formula (a)

NbAs = 1/fs (4M/Db - W)

210 mm2

Page 3 of 4

BS8110 Part 1 provides no guidance regarding wall

thicknesses greater than 500mm, however refer to AS3600 Cl 11.6.1 Minimum reinforcement
For walls greater than 500mm thick, the minimum reinforcement required near each surface may be calculated using 250mm for t w.
Therefore refer to Table 3.25 Assuming minimum reinforcement is 0.4% for walls, ie 0.2% each face
Asmin =

911.5 mm2
Therefore Adopt

As =

911.5 mm2

as a minimum

Square Pedestal
Assume 0.2% steel reinforcement / 250mm width of concrete as a minimum.

v
t

Area of Concrete =
Area of Steel
=
Effective thickness of steel =
ring
D =
Do =

675000 mm2
2512 mm2
0.997 mm
Do

630 mm

628.0 mm

Sx =

525021.253 mm3

Sv =

278875.354 mm3

T = Asfs = (M/Sx-W/NbAs)AS
v
Therefore fs = (M/Sx-W/NbAs)

25 N/mm2

X- Axis

Therefore fs = (M/Sv-W/NbAs)

52 N/mm2

V - Axis

Effective steel 'ring'

Therefore OK

Page 4 of 4