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HYDROPOWER
FEASIBILITY STUDY
INTRODUCTION TO SELECTED TOPICS
RELEVANT FOR HYDROPOWER
PROJECT FEASIBILIT Y ANALYSIS
Sven Homscheid
29 t h April 2014
Georgetown, Guyana
Hydropower Consultant
1
OUTLINE
ELEMENTS OF A
HYDROPOWER
FEASIBILITY STUDY
Topography
Hydrology and Sedimentology
Geology
Design Study: selection of optimum design
Quantity estimate
Cost estimate
Power Output
HYDROLOGICAL
ASPECTS OF
HYDROPOWER
PROJECTS
- INFLOW SERIES 9
P=Q*H***g
Where:
P
Q
H
g
-
Power output
Discharge
Head (difference of water levels)
Plant efficiency
Density of water
Acceleration constant
10
Q = flow in m3/s
Depending on
Geographic location
(rain forest or desert)
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Hn = net head in m
Gross Head depending on
Topography
Mountain or valley
Dam, run-off river or
diversion
Trash rack
Bends
Valves
12
= efficiency
Efficiency of
Turbine runner
-
Generator
-
Transformer
-
Inflow series
= statistics on availability of water for hydropower generation
Flow Duration Curve
Power output calculation influence on project benefits
Flood discharges
HQ 50 ; HQ 100 ; HQ 1 ,000 ; HQ PMF
Design of civil structures (permanent and temporary)
Influence on project costs
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http://www.hec.usace.army.mil/software/hec-ssp/
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As a rule of thumb:
Rural electrification E = approx. 80%
Small HPP E = approx. 30%
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Q max
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HYDROLOGIC DATA
COLLECTION
CAMPAIGNS
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EXERCISE 1: DESIGN OF
HYDROMETRIC GAUGING
STATIONS
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GEOTECHNICAL
INVESTIGATIONS FOR
HYDROPOWER
FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS
This
chapter
was not
presented!
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GI are important!
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Field tests:
Various volume displacement methods
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PRINCIPLES OF GOOD
PROJECT LAYOUT
DESIGN
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Water availability
General geology
Solid rock
Soil and rock
Soil and sand
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PELTON TURBINE
Pelton turbine: Impulse turbine
up to 92%
(High efficiency at
partial flow down to10%)
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TURGO TURBINE
Turgo turbine: Impulse turbine
up to 90%
(High efficiency at
partial flow down to10%)
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TURGO TURBINE
Difference between Turgo and Pelton turbines
The Turgo turbine can process about twice the amount of water than Pelton turbines
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CROSS-FLOW TURBINE
Cross-flow turbine: Impulse turbine
up to 80%
(less efficient at
partial flow)
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CROSS-FLOW TURBINE
Cross-flow turbine: Impulse turbine
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FRANCIS TURBINE
Francis turbine: Reaction turbine
up to 93%
(Applicable as
pump turbine)
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FRANCIS TURBINE
FRANCIS TURBINE
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KAPLAN TURBINE
Kaplan type turbine: Reaction turbine
> 90%
(High efficiency at
partial flow)
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HYDRO WHEELS
(a) Breast wheel with cells
(b) Breast wheel with blades
(c) Overshot wheel
(d) Undershot wheel
Efficiency between 50
and 82%
Good partial load
efficiency due to slow
rotational speed
Eco friendly
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HYDRODYNAMIC SCREW
Hydro-dynamic screw: Reaction turbine (Archimedical Principle)
> 80%
Eco-friendly
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EXERCISE 2:
DEVELOPMENT OF A
PROJECT LAYOUT
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ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
AND SENSITIVITY
ANALYSIS
This
chapter
was not
presented!
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Public developers
Are happy with lower IRR (say 6-8 %) and if NPV is above 0
Seek to reduce project risks
Usually represent a public interest, such as electricity supply
Banks
Need to reduce risks significantly to protect investors money
Follow borrower with IRR and NPV requirements but adjust their
lending conditions to reflect lending risk
162
ENVIRONMENTAL AND
SOCIAL
CONSIDERATIONS
This
chapter
was not
presented!
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DRAWING CONCLUSIONS
FROM THE RESULTS,
QUESTION AND ANSWER
SESSION
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Questions? Comments?
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REFERENCES
Hydrometry; Boiten; Edition 2003; ISBN 90-5410-423-6
www.ott.com
www.seba-hydrometrie.com
www.wikipedia.com
www.geomation.com
www.geotechnik-dunkel.de
Wasserkraftanlagen; Giesecke; Mosonyi; 2003; ISBN
3-540-44391-6
Hydraulik fuer Bauingenieure; Heinemann/Paul; ISBN
3-519-05082-x
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